FORCE CALCULATION

DESCRIPTION RESULT Unit

FORCE F 0 Newton (Kg m/s^2)
Mass m Kilogram Detail Input cell
Acceleration a 9.81 m/s^2 Result output cell

Equation F = m*a

Law: GRAPHICAL ILLUSTRATION

Newton's second law states that force is proportional to what is

required for an object of constant mass to change its velocity.This is
equal to that object's mass multiplied by its acceleration.
Weight is Force.
Weight or Force is the mass that is multiplied by gravitational force.
Gravitational force acting on the mass is called acceleration
Gravitational force g = 9.81 m/s^2
ICAL ILLUSTRATION
 NORMAL FORCE CALCULATION - OBJECT LYING ON FLAT SURFACE
DESCRIPTION RESULT Unit
FORCE FN 0 Newton (Kg m/s^2)
Mass m Kilogram
Acceleration g 9.81 m/s^2

Equation FN = m*g

Law: GRAPHICAL IL

Newton's third law of motion: If one object exerts a force on a second object, the
second object exerts a force of equal magnitude and opposite direction on the first
object (action equals reaction)
Normal force is the perpendicular force that the surface exerts on an object.
A normal force is equal to the force exerted by the object on the surface.
The calculation varies based on the slope of the surface.
Gravitational force g = 9.81 m/s^2
The normal force ( FN) fo
surface is equalto to its g
 Detail Input cell
Result output cell

GRAPHICAL ILLUSTRATION

The normal force ( FN) for an object on a flat

surface is equalto to its gravitational force (w)
 NORMAL FORCE CALCULATION - OBJECT LYING ON FLAT SURFACE AND EXTERNAL PUSH FORCE
APPLIED
DESCRIPTION RESULT
FORCE FN 0
Mass m
Acceleration g 9.81
Angle between surface and
sin α
push force

External Force F

Equation FN = m*g + F*Sinα

Law:

An external push force or down ward force is applied on the object at angle. Hence the Normal force is the
addition of external force and force of the object.The downward force increases the normal force by pushing
the object on the ground or surface.
Gravitational force g = 9.81 m/s^2
ECT LYING ON FLAT SURFACE AND EXTERNAL PUSH FORCE
APPLIED
Unit
Newton (Kg m/s^2)
Kilogram Detail Input cell
m/s^2 Result output cell
degrees

GRAPHICAL ILLUSTRATION

ce is applied on the object at angle. Hence the Normal force is the

e object.The downward force increases the normal force by pushing

α is the angle between the object surface and

the external push force
TRATION Trigonometry table for Sin value

bject surface and

 NORMAL FORCE CALCULATION - OBJECT LYING ON FLAT SURFACE AND EXTERNAL PULL FORCE
APPLIED
DESCRIPTION RESULT
FORCE FN 0
Mass m
Acceleration g 9.81
Angle between surface and
sin α
push force

External Force F

Equation FN = m*g - F*Sinα

Law:

An external pull force or up ward force is applied on the object at angle. Hence the Normal force is the
subtraction of external force .The upward force decreases the normal force by pulling the object from the
ground or surface.
Gravitational force g = 9.81 m/s^2
ECT LYING ON FLAT SURFACE AND EXTERNAL PULL FORCE
APPLIED
Unit
Newton (Kg m/s^2)
Kilogram Detail Input cell
m/s^2 Result output cell
degrees

GRAPHICAL ILLUSTRATION

applied on the object at angle. Hence the Normal force is the

d force decreases the normal force by pulling the object from the

α is the angle between the object surface and

the external pull force
TRATION Trigonometry table for Sin value

bject surface and

 NORMAL FORCE CALCULATION - OBJECT LYING ON INCLINED SURFACE WITH OUT
FRICTION
DESCRIPTION RESULT Unit
FORCE FN 0 Newton (Kg m/s^2)
Mass m Kilogram
Acceleration g 9.81 m/s^2
Surface Inclination Angle cos α degrees

Equation FN = m*g*cosα

Law:

Newton's third law of motion: If one object exerts a force on a second object, the second object
exerts a force of equal magnitude and opposite direction on the first object (action equals
reaction)
Normal force is the perpendicular force that the surface exerts on an object.
The calculation varies based on the slope of the surface.
On an inclined surface (assuming that the object doesn't slide down), the weight of the
object is supported by both the normal force and friction.The gravitational force of the
object is not opposite and equal to the normal force, but one of the force of gravity's
vector's components. The above Normal force calculation is with out friction.
Gravitational force g = 9.81 m/s^2
 Detail Input cell
Result output cell

GRAPHICAL ILLUSTRATION
Trigonometry table for cos value

On an inclined surface the weight of the object is

supported by both the normal force and
friction.The gravitational force of the object is
with one of the force of gravity's vector's
components or angle of slope
 NORMAL FORCE CALCULATION - OBJECT LYING ON INCLINED SURFACE WITH FRICTION
DESCRIPTION RESULT Unit
FORCE FN 0 Newton (Kg m/s^2)
Mass m Kilogram
Acceleration g 9.81 m/s^2
Surface Inclination Angle α degrees
Co-efficient of Friction μ

Equation FN = m*g*cosα*μ

Law:

Multiply the Normal force with co-efficient of friction.

Normal force is the perpendicular force that the surface exerts on an object.
The calculation varies based on the slope of the surface.
On an inclined surface (assuming that the object doesn't slide down), the weight of the object is
supported by both the normal force and friction.The gravitational force of the object is not opposite
and equal to the normal force, but one of the force of gravity's vector's components.The friction is
proportional to the normal force acting
between the object and surface
Gravitational force g = 9.81 m/s^2
 Detail Input cell
Result output cell

GRAPHICAL ILLUSTRATION
Co-efficient of friction

Steel to steel 0.2

he object is
is not opposite
The friction is

Co-efficient of friction varies based on the

surface finish,material properties between two
interface surface, lubrication applied between
two surfaces.