CHAPTER 4

COMPARISON OF ANALYSIS RESULTS UNDER VARIOUS WIND SPEED

AND SEISMIC FORCES

4.1. Introduction
In this study, the structure is analyzed for various wind forces and earthquake
forces and the results are compared. After analyzing for various wind forces and
earthquake forces, the story shear, and story displacement ratio are compared. And
then members for selected beams and columns are also compared. Comparison of
results are described detail in this chapter.

4.2. Comparison of Story Shear

Story shears of the high rise and low rise buildings due to different wind
speeds for X-direction and Y-direction are described in Table (4.1) and Table (4.4).
The story shears of the high rise and low rise buildings due to different earthquake
forces for X-direction and Y-direction are described in Table (4.2) and Table (4.5).
The story shears for high rise and low rise buildings due to different wind speeds are
shown in Figure (4.1) and Figure (4.4). The story shears for high rise and low rise
buildings due to different earthquake forces are shown in Figure (4.2) and Figure
(4.5).

4.2.1 Comparison of Story Shear for High Rise Building

The effect of the different wind speeds and earthquake forces on the high rise
building are compared according to the story shears. The comparison of story shears
for high rise building due to different wind speeds for X-direction and Y-direction are
described in Table (4.1) and are shown in Figure (4.1).The comparison of story shears
for high rise building due to different earthquake forces for X-direction and Y-
direction are described in Table (4.2) and are shown in Figure (4.2).And then the
comparison of story shears for high rise building due to different wind speeds and
earthquake forces are described in Table (4.3) and are shown in Figure (4.3).
 43

Table 4.1 Story Shears for High Rise Building with Wind Speed 80mph, 100mph,
120mph

High Rise Story Shears with Wind Speed 80mph,100mph, 120mph

Wind Speed 80 mph Wind Speed 100 mph Wind Speed 120 mph
Elevation
Story
(ft)
X-dir(kips) Y-dir(kips) X-dir(kips) Y-dir(kips) X-dir(kips) Y-dir(kips)

GL
27 236.07 236.07 368.87 368.87 531.17 531.17
Story1
37 216.67 216.67 338.55 338.55 487.51 487.51
Story2
47 205.2 205.2 320.62 320.62 461.7 461.7
Story3
57 193.19 193.19 301.86 301.86 434.67 434.67
Story4
67 181 181 282.82 282.82 407.25 407.25
Story5
77 168.4 168.4 263.12 263.12 378.89 378.89
Story6
87 155.62 155.62 243.16 243.16 350.14 350.14
Story7
97 142.42 142.42 222.54 222.54 320.46 320.46
Story8
107 129.09 129.09 201.7 201.7 290.45 290.45
Story9
117 115.43 115.43 180.36 180.36 259.72 259.72
Story10
127 101.57 101.57 158.71 158.71 228.54 228.54
Story11
137 87.2 87.2 136.26 136.26 196.21 196.21
Story12
147 72.8 72.8 113.75 113.75 163.81 163.81
Story13
157 58.4 58.4 91.25 91.25 131.4 131.4
Story14
167 43.82 43.82 68.47 68.47 98.6 98.6
Story15
177 28.73 28.73 44.89 44.89 64.65 64.65
Story16
187 13.61 13.61 21.27 21.27 30.62 30.62
 44

High Rise Story Shears with Wind Speed

80mph,100mph,120mph
600
500 High rise Story Shears for
Wind speed 80mph
Story Shear

400 High rise Story Shears for

300 Wind Speed 100mph
High rise Story Shears for
200 Wind speed 120mph
100
0
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200
Story Height

Figure: 4.1 Graph Showing Story Shears for High Rise Building with Different Wind
Speeds
From these analysis, maximum shear force is occurred at GL for X and Y
direction. Then, the story shears from all cases decrease gradually throughout the
height. In the high rise building for different wind speed, the maximum story shear
from different wind speed is 531.17 kips.

Table 4.2 Story Shears for High Rise Building in Earthquake Zone 2, 3, 4

High Rise Story Shears with Zone 2, 3, 4

Elevation Zone 2 Zone 3 Zone 4

Story
(ft) X-dir(kips) Y-dir(kips) X-dir(kips) Y-dir(kips) X-dir(kips) Y-dir(kips)

GL 27 299.61 331.41 339.26 361.87 414.65 428.88

Story1 37 293.97 325.09 332.88 354.97 406.85 420.71
Story2 47 287.89 318.27 325.98 347.53 398.42 411.89
Story3 57 280.2 309.66 317.28 338.12 387.78 400.74
Story4 67 271.07 299.43 306.94 326.96 375.15 387.5
Story5 77 260.54 287.64 295.02 314.08 360.58 372.24
Story6 87 248.44 274.09 281.32 299.28 343.83 354.71
Story7 97 234.77 258.78 265.84 282.56 324.91 334.89
 45

Table 4.2 (Continued)

Story8 107 220.1 242.35 249.23 264.62 304.61 313.62

Story9 117 204.46 224.83 231.52 245.5 282.97 290.96
Story10 127 187.37 205.68 212.16 224.59 259.31 266.18
Story11 137 168.81 184.89 191.15 201.89 233.63 239.28
Story12 147 148.84 162.53 168.54 177.47 205.99 210.33
Story13 157 127.77 138.93 144.68 151.69 176.83 179.79
Story14 167 105.54 114.02 119.5 124.5 146.06 147.56
Story15 177 81.89 87.53 92.72 95.58 113.33 113.28
Story16 187 57.23 59.91 64.8 65.42 79.21 77.54

High Rise Story Shears for Different Zones

500
450
400
350 High rise Story Shear for
Story Shears

300 zone2
250 High rise Story Shear for
zone2
200 High rise Story Shear for
150 zone4
100
50
0
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200
Story Height

Figure: 4.2 Graph Showing Story Shears for High Rise Building in Different
Earthquake Zones

From these analysis, maximum shear force is occurred at GL for X and Y

direction. Then, the story shears from all cases decrease gradually throughout the
height. In the high rise building in different earthquake zones, the maximum story
shear due to zone factors is 428.88 kips.
 46

Table 4.3 Story Shears for High Rise Building for All Wind Speeds and Different
Earthquake Zones

High Rise Story Shears Forces due to Wind and Earthquake Forces

Elevation Wind Wind Wind

Story Zone 2 Zone 3 Zone 4
(ft) 80mph 100mph 120mph

GL 27
236.07 368.87 531.17 331.41 361.87 428.88
Story1 37
216.67 338.55 487.51 325.09 354.97 420.71
Story2 47
205.2 320.62 461.7 318.27 347.53 411.89
Story3 57
193.19 301.86 434.67 309.66 338.12 400.74
Story4 67
181 282.82 407.25 299.43 326.96 387.5
Story5 77
168.4 263.12 378.89 287.64 314.08 372.24
Story6 87
155.62 243.16 350.14 274.09 299.28 354.71
Story7 97
142.42 222.54 320.46 258.78 282.56 334.89
Story8 107
129.09 201.7 290.45 242.35 264.62 313.62
Story9 117
115.43 180.36 259.72 224.83 245.5 290.96
Story10 127
101.57 158.71 228.54 205.68 224.59 266.18
Story11 137
87.2 136.26 196.21 184.89 201.89 239.28
Story12 147
72.8 113.75 163.81 162.53 177.47 210.33
Story13 157
58.4 91.25 131.4 138.93 151.69 179.79
Story14 167
43.82 68.47 98.6 114.02 124.5 147.56
Story15 177
28.73 44.89 64.65 87.53 95.58 113.28
Story16 187
13.61 21.27 30.62 59.91 65.42 77.54
 47

High Rise Story Shears Forces due to Wind and Earthquake

Forces
600
High rise Story Shears for Wind
500 speed 80mph
High rise Story Shears for Wind
Speed 100mph
Story Shears

400
High rise Story Shears for Wind
300 speed 120mph
High rise Story Shear for zone2
200 High rise Story Shear for zone3
High rise Story Shear for zone4
100

0
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200
Story Height

Figure: 4.3 Graph Showing Story Shears for High Rise Building for All Wind Speeds
and Different Earthquake Zones

In the comparison of shear forces, maximum shear was found at GL. Shear
forces from 100 mph are greater than 56.3% that of 80 mph and shear forces from 120
mph are greater than 125% that of 80 mph at GL. Shear forces due to zone 3 are
greater than 10 % that of zone 2 and shear forces due to zone 4 are greater than 29%
that of zone 2 at GL. When the wind and earthquake forces are applied on the high
rise building, the story shears of high rise building increases as the maximum wind
speed zone at story GL to story 5 and the story shears of high rise building increases
as the maximum earthquake zone at story 6 to story 16.

4.2.2 Comparison of Story Shear for Low Rise Building

The effect of the different wind speeds and earthquake forces on the low rise
building are compared according to the story shears. The comparison of story shears
for low rise building due to different wind speeds for X-direction and Y-direction are
described in Table (4.4) and are shown in Figure (4.4).The comparison of story shears
for low rise building due to different earthquake forces for X-direction and Y-
direction are described in Table (4.5) and are shown in Figure (4.5).And then the
comparison of story shears for low rise building due to different wind speeds and
earthquake forces are described in Table (4.6) and are shown in Figure (4.6).
 48

Table 4.4 Story Shears for Low Rise Building with Wind Speed 80mph, 100mph,
120mph

Low Rise Story Shears Forces with Different Wind Speeds

Wind Speed 80 mph Wind Speed 100 mph Wind Speed 120 mph
Elevation
Story
(ft)
X-dir(kips) Y-dir(kips) X-dir(kips) Y-dir(kips) X-dir(kips) Y-dir(kips)

GL 7
42.55 42.55 66.49 66.49 95.75 95.75
Story1 17
35.79 35.79 55.92 55.92 80.52 80.52
Story2 27
27.52 27.52 43.01 43.01 61.93 61.93
Story3 37
18.62 18.62 29.1 29.1 41.9 41.9
Story4 47
9.07 9.07 14.18 14.18 20.41 20.41

Low Rise Story Shears for Different Wind Speeds

120

100

80 Low rise Story Shears for Wind

Story Shears

80mph
60 Low rise Story Shears for Wind
100mph
Low rise Story Shears for Wind
40 120mph

20

0
5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50
Story Height

Figure: 4.4 Graph Showing Story Shears for Low Rise Building with Different Wind
Speeds

From these analysis, maximum shear force is occurred at GL for X and Y

direction. Then, the story shears from all cases decrease gradually throughout the
height. In the low rise building for different wind speeds, the maximum story shear
due to wind forces is 95.75 kips.
 49

Table 4.5 Story Shears for Low Rise Building in Different Earthquake Zones

Low Rise Story Shears Forces with Earthquake Zone 2,3,4

Zone 2 Zone 3 Zone 4

Elevation
Story
(ft) X-dir(kips) Y-dir(kips) X-dir(kips) Y-dir(kips) X-dir(kips) Y-dir(kips)

GL 7 151.74
151.74 165.69 165.69 211.47 211.47
Story1 17
144.09 144.09 157.33 157.33 200.77 200.77
Story2 27
125.28 125.28 136.79 136.79 174.45 174.45
Story3 37
95.72 95.72 104.51 104.51 133.08 133.08
Story4 47
55.75 55.75 60.87 60.87 77.16 77.16

Low Rise Story Shears for Different Earthquake Zones

250

200

Low rise Story Shears for

Story Shears

150 zone2
Low rise Story Shearsfor zone
3
100 Low rise Story Shears for
zone4

50

0
5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50

Story Height

Fig: 4.5 Graph Showing Story Shears for Low Rise Building in Different Earthquake
Zones

From these analysis, maximum shear force is occurred at GL for X and Y

direction. Then, the story shears from all cases decrease gradually throughout the
height. In the low rise building in different earthquake zones, the maximum story
shear due to zone factors is 211.47 kips.
 50

Table 4.6 Story Shears for Low Rise Building for All Wind Speeds and Different
Earthquake Zones
Wind Wind Wind
Elevation
Story Speed Speed Speed Zone 2 Zone 3 Zone 4
(ft)
80mph 100mph 120mph
GL 7 42.55 66.49 95.75 151.74
165.69 211.47
Story 1 17 35.79 55.92 80.52
144.09 157.33 200.77
Story 2 27 27.52 43.01 61.93
125.28 136.79 174.45
Story 3 37 18.62 29.1 41.9
95.72 104.51 133.08
Story 4 47 9.07 14.18 20.41
55.75 60.87 77.16

Low rise Story Shears for different wind speeds and

earthquake zones
250
Low rise Story Shears for Wind
200 80mph
Low rise Story Shears for Wind
Story Shears

100mph
150 Low rise Story Shears for Wind
120mph
100 Low rise Story Shears for zone2
Low rise Story Shearsfor zone 3
50 Low rise Story Shears for zone4

0
5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50
Story Height

Figure: 4.6 Graph Showing Story Shears for Low Rise Building for All Wind Speeds
and Different Earthquake Zones

In the comparison of shear forces, maximum shear was found at GL. Shear
forces from 100 mph are greater than 56.3% that of 80 mph and shear forces from 120
mph are greater than 125% that of 80 mph at GL. Shear forces due to zone 3 are
greater than 10 % that of zone 2 and shear forces due to zone 4 are greater than 40%
that of zone 2 at GL. When the wind and earthquake forces are applied on the low rise
 51

building, the story shears of low rise building increases as the maximum earthquake
zone at all story.

4.3. Comparison of Story Displacement

Story displacements of the high rise and low rise buildings due to different
wind speeds for X-direction and Y-direction are described in Table (4.7) and Table
(4.10).The story displacements of the high rise and low rise buildings due to different
earthquake forces for X-direction and Y-direction are described in Table (4.8) and
Table (4.11).The story displacements for high rise and low rise buildings due to
different wind speeds are shown in Figure (4.7) and Figure (4.10 ). The story
displacements for high rise and low rise buildings due to different earthquake forces
are shown in Figure (4.2) and Figure (4.5).

4.3.1 Comparison of Story Displacement for High Rise Building

The effect of the different wind speeds and earthquake forces on the high rise
building are compared according to the story displacements. The comparison of story
displacements for high rise building due to different wind speeds for X-direction and
Y-direction are described in Table (4.7) and are shown in Figure (4.7).The
comparison of story displacements for high rise building due to different earthquake
forces for X-direction and Y-direction are described in Table (4.8) and are shown in
Figure (4.8).And then the comparison of story displacements for high rise building
due to different wind speeds and earthquake forces are described in Table (4.9) and
are shown in Figure (4.9).

Table 4.7 Story Displacements for High Rise Building with Different Wind Speeds

High Rise Story Displacements with Different Wind Speeds

Elevation Wind Speed 80 mph Wind Speed 100 mph Wind Speed 120 mph
Story
(ft)
X-dir(in) Y-dir(in) X-dir(in) Y-dir(in) X-dir(in) Y-dir(in)
GL 27 0.2071 0.117 0.3236 0.1828 0.466 0.2632
Story1 37 0.314 0.159 0.4907 0.2484 0.7066 0.3577
Story2 47 0.4197 0.1875 0.6559 0.2929 0.9444 0.4218
 52

Table 4.7 (Continued)

Story3
57 0.527 0.21 0.8234 0.3281 1.1857 0.4725

Story4 67 0.6347 0.228 0.9917 0.3563 1.428 0.513

Story5 77 0.7448 0.2445 1.1638 0.3821 1.6759 0.5502

Story6 87 0.8534 0.258 1.3335 0.4031 1.9202 0.5805

Story7 97 0.9596 0.2692 1.4994 0.4207 2.1592 0.6058

Story8 107 1.0651 0.2799 1.6643 0.4373 2.3965 0.6297

Story9 117 1.1661 0.2883 1.822 0.4504 2.6237 0.6486

Story1
127 1.2617 0.2941 1.9714 0.4595 2.8388 0.6617
0

Story1
137 1.3514 0.2975 2.1116 0.4649 3.0408 0.6695
1

Story1
147 1.4351 0.2987 2.2424 0.4667 3.2291 0.672
2

Story1
157 1.5148 0.2986 2.3669 0.4665 3.4084 0.6718
3

Story1
167 1.5881 0.2953 2.4813 0.4614 3.5731 0.6644
4

Story1
177 1.6552 0.2886 2.5862 0.451 3.7242 0.6494
5

Story1
187 1.7165 0.2782 2.682 0.4347 3.8621 0.626
6
 53

High Rise Story Displacements for Different Wind

Speed
4
3.5
3 displacements for wind speed
Displacements

80mph
2.5 displacements for wind speed
2 100mph
displacements for wind speed
1.5 120mph
1
0.5
0
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200

Story Height

Figure: 4.7 Graph Showing Story Displacements for High Rise Building with
Different Wind Speeds

From these analysis, maximum displacement is occurred at story 16 for X and

Y direction. Then, the displacements from all cases increase gradually throughout the
height. In the high rise building in different wind speeds, the maximum displacements
due to wind force is 3.8621 in.

Table 4.8 Story Displacements for High Rise Building in Different Earthquake Zones

High Rise Displacements with Each Earthquake Zones

Elevation Zone 2 Zone 3 Zone 4

Story
(ft) X-dir(in) Y-dir(in) X-dir(in) Y-dir(in) X-dir(in) Y-dir(in)
GL 27 0.2822 0.1416 0.3195 0.1546 0.3905 0.1833
Story1 37 0.4301 0.235 0.487 0.2566 0.5953 0.3042
Story2 47 0.5819 0.3392 0.6589 0.3704 0.8053 0.439
Story3 57 0.7392 0.4512 0.837 0.4927 1.023 0.5839
Story4 67 0.904 0.5703 1.0236 0.6227 1.251 0.7381
Story5 77 1.0723 0.6943 1.2142 0.7581 1.484 0.8985

Table 4.8 (Continued)

 54

Story6 87 1.2425 0.8219 1.4069 0.8974 1.7195 1.0636

Story7 97 1.4127 0.9515 1.5996 1.039 1.9551 1.2314
Story8 107 1.5901 1.0845 1.8005 1.1842 2.2006 1.4035
Story9 117 1.7646 1.2178 1.9981 1.3297 2.4422 1.576
Story10 127 1.9343 1.3503 2.1903 1.4744 2.677 1.7475
Story11 137 2.0979 1.4809 2.3756 1.617 2.9035 1.9164
Story12 147 2.255 1.6061 2.5534 1.7537 3.1208 2.0785
Story13 157 2.4081 1.732 2.7268 1.8912 3.3328 2.2414
Story14 167 2.552 1.8544 2.8897 2.0248 3.5318 2.3998
Story15 177 2.6868 1.9742 3.0424 2.1556 3.7185 2.5548
Story16 187 2.8124 2.0925 3.1846 2.2848 3.8923 2.708

High rise story displacements for different zones

4.5
4
3.5
Displacements

3
2.5 displacements for zone 2
displacements for zone3
2
displacements for zone 4
1.5
1
0.5
0
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200
Story Height

Figure: 4.8 Graph Showing Story Displacements for High Rise Building in Different
Earthquake Zones

From these analysis, maximum displacement is occurred at story 16 for X and

Y direction. Then, the displacements from all cases increase gradually throughout the
height. In the high rise building in different earthquake zones, the maximum story
displacement due to zone factors is 3.8923 in.
 55

Table 4.9 Story Displacements for High Rise Building for All Wind Speeds and
Different Earthquake Zones
Wind Wind Wind
Elevation
Story Speed Speed Speed Zone 2 Zone 3 Zone 4
(ft)
80mph 100mph 120mph
GL 27 0.2071
0.3236 0.466 0.2822 0.3195 0.3905
Story 1 37
0.314 0.4907 0.7066 0.4301 0.487 0.5953
Story 2 47
0.4197 0.6559 0.9444 0.5819 0.6589 0.8053
Story 3 57
0.527 0.8234 1.1857 0.7392 0.837 1.023
Story 4 67
0.6347 0.9917 1.428 0.904 1.0236 1.251
Story 5 77
0.7448 1.1638 1.6759 1.0723 1.2142 1.484
Story 6 87
0.8534 1.3335 1.9202 1.2425 1.4069 1.7195
Story 7 97
0.9596 1.4994 2.1592 1.4127 1.5996 1.9551
Story 8 107
1.0651 1.6643 2.3965 1.5901 1.8005 2.2006
Story 9 117
1.1661 1.822 2.6237 1.7646 1.9981 2.4422
Story 10 127
1.2617 1.9714 2.8388 1.9343 2.1903 2.677
Story 11 137
1.3514 2.1116 3.0408 2.0979 2.3756 2.9035
Story 12 147
1.4351 2.2424 3.2291 2.255 2.5534 3.1208
Story 13 157
1.5148 2.3669 3.4084 2.4081 2.7268 3.3328
Story 14 167
1.5881 2.4813 3.5731 2.552 2.8897 3.5318
Story 15 177
1.6552 2.5862 3.7242 2.6868 3.0424 3.7185
Story 16 187
1.7165 2.682 3.8621 2.8124 3.1846 3.8923
 56

High Rise Story Displacements for Different Wind

Speeds and Earthquake Zones
4.5
displacements for wind speed
4 80mph
3.5 displacements for wind speed
Displacements

3 100mph
2.5 displacements for wind speed
120mph
2
displacements for zone 2
1.5 displacements for zone3
1 displacements for zone 4
0.5
0
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200
Story Height

Figure: 4.9 Graph Showing Story Displacements for High Rise Building for All Wind
Speeds and Different Earthquake Zones

In the comparison of displacements, maximum displacement was found at

story 16. The story displacements from 100 mph are greater than 54% that of 80 mph
and the story displacements from 120 mph are greater than 120% that of 80 mph at
GL. The story displacements due to zone 3 are greater than 13 % that of zone 2 and
the story displacements due to zone 4 are greater than 38.3% that of zone 2 at GL.
When the wind and earthquake forces are applied on the high rise building, the story
displacements of high rise building increases as the maximum wind speed zone at
story GL to story 15 and the story displacements of high rise building increases as the
maximum earthquake zone at story 16 only.

4.3.2 Comparison of Story Displacement for Low Rise Building

The effect of the different wind speeds and earthquake forces on the low rise
building are compared according to the story displacements. The comparison of story
displacements for low rise building due to different wind speeds for X-direction and
Y-direction are described in Table (4.10) and are shown in Figure (4.10).The
comparison of story displacements for low rise building due to different earthquake
forces for X-direction and Y-direction are described in Table (4.11) and are shown in
Figure (4.11).And then the comparison of story displacements for low rise building
 57

due to different wind speeds and earthquake forces are described in Table (4.12) and
are shown in Figure (4.12).

Table 4.10 Story Displacements for Low Rise Building with Different Wind Speeds

Low Rise Displacement with Different Wind Speeds

Wind Speed 80 mph Wind Speed 100mph Wind Speed 120mph

Elevation
Story
(ft)
X-dir(in) Y-dir(in) X-dir(in) Y-dir(in) X-dir(in) Y-dir(in)

GL 7
0.063 0.0022 0.0985 0.0034 0.1418 0.0049

Story1 17
0.1093 0.0059 0.1707 0.0092 0.2459 0.0132

Story2 27
0.1544 0.0042 0.2412 0.0065 0.3473 0.0093

Story3 37
0.1857 0.0046 0.2902 0.0073 0.4179 0.0104

Story4 47
0.2041 0.0042 0.3189 0.0065 0.4592 0.0094

Low Rise Displacement for Different Wind Speeds

0.5
0.45
0.4
0.35
Displacements

displacements for wind

0.3 80mph
0.25 displacements for wind
100mph
0.2 displacements for wind
0.15 120mph
0.1
0.05
0
5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50
Story Height

Figure: 4.10 Graph Showing Story Displacements for Low Rise Building with
Different Wind Speeds
 58

From these analysis, maximum displacement is occurred at story 4 for X and

Y direction. Then, the story displacements from all cases increase gradually
throughout the height. In the low rise building in different wind speeds, the maximum
story displacement due to wind force is 0.4592 in.

Table 4.11 Story Displacements for Low Rise Building in Different Earthquake Zones

Low Rise Story Displacements with Each Earthquake Zones

Zone 2 Zone 3 Zone 4
Elevation
Story
(ft) X-dir(in) Y-dir(in) X-dir(in) Y-dir(in) X-dir(in) Y-dir(in)

GL 7
0.2295 0.2397 0.2506 0.2617 0.3199 0.334
Story1 17
0.4141 0.4091 0.4521 0.4467 0.577 0.5701
Story2 27
0.6173 0.581 0.674 0.6344 0.8599 0.8094
Story3 37
0.7764 0.7235 0.8477 0.79 1.0811 1.0076
Story4 47
0.8848 0.8437 0.9662 0.9213 1.2314 1.1741

Low rise Story displacements for different

earthquake zones
1.4
1.2
Displacements

1 displacements for zone 2

0.8 displacements for zone 3
0.6 displacements for zone 4
0.4
0.2
0
5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50
Story Height

Figure: 4.11 Graph Showing Story Displacements for Low Rise Building in Different
Earthquake Zones

From these analysis, maximum displacement is occurred at story 4 for X and

Y direction. Then, the story displacements from all cases increase gradually
 59

throughout the height. In the low rise building in different earthquake zones, the
maximum story displacement due to zone factor is 1.2314 in.

Table 4.12 Story Displacements for Low Rise Building for All Wind Speeds and
Different Earthquake Zones
Wind Wind Wind
Elevation
Story Speed Speed Speed Zone 2 Zone 3 Zone 4
(ft)
80mph 100mph 120mph
GL 7
0.063 0.0985 0.1418 0.2295 0.2506 0.3199
Story 1 17
0.1093 0.1707 0.2459 0.4141 0.4521 0.577
Story 2 27
0.1544 0.2412 0.3473 0.6173 0.674 0.8599
Story 3 37
0.1857 0.2902 0.4179 0.7764 0.8477 1.0811
Story 4 47
0.2041 0.3189 0.4592 0.8848 0.9662 1.2314

Low rise displacements for different wind speeds and

earthquake zones
1.4
displacements for wind 80mph
1.2
displacements for wind
100mph
Displacements

1
displacements for wind
0.8 120mph
0.6 displacements for zone 2
displacements for zone 3
0.4
displacements for zone 4
0.2
0
5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50
Story Height

Figure: 4.12 Graph Showing Story Displacements for Low Rise Building for All
Wind Speeds and Different Earthquake Zones

In the comparison of displacements, maximum displacement was found at

story 4.The story displacements from 100 mph are greater than 56.3% that of 80 mph
and the story displacement from 120 mph are greater than 125% that of 80 mph at
 60

story 4. The story displacement due to zone 3 are greater than 10 % that of zone 2 and
the story displacement due to zone 4 are greater than 39% that of zone 2 at story 4.
When the wind and earthquake forces are applied on the low rise building, the story
displacements of low rise building increases as the maximum earthquake zone at all
story.

4.4 Comparison of Story Shears for High Rise and Low Rise Building with
Different Wind Speeds in Zone 2
The effect of the different wind speeds in earthquake zone 2 on the high rise
and low rise building are compared according to the story shears. The comparison of
story shears for high rise and low rise building due to different wind speeds in zone 2
for X-direction and Y-direction are described in Table (4.13) and are shown in Figure
(4.13).

Table 4.13 Story Shears for Low Rise and High Rise Buildings with Wind Speed
80mph, 100mph, 120mph in Zone 2
High Rise Structure in Low Rise Structure in
Zone2 Zone2
Elevation Elevation
Story Wind Wind Wind Wind Wind Wind
(ft) (ft)
80 100 120 80 100 120
mph mph mph mph mph mph
GL 27 236.07 368.87 531.17 7 42.55 66.49 95.75

Story1 37 216.67 338.55 487.51 17 35.79 55.92 80.52

Story2 47 205.2 320.62 461.7 27 27.52 43.01 61.93

Story3 57 193.19 301.86 434.67 37 18.62 29.1 41.9

Story4 67 181 282.82 407.25 47 9.07 14.18 20.41

Story5 77 168.4 263.12 378.89

Story6 87 155.62 243.16 350.14

Story7 97 142.42 222.54 320.46

       
Story8 107 129.09 201.7 290.45
       

Table 4.13 (Continued)

 61

Story9 117 115.43 180.36 259.72

       
Story10 127 101.57 158.71 228.54
       
Story11 137 87.2 136.26 196.21
       
Story12 147 72.8 113.75 163.81
       
Story13 157 58.4 91.25 131.4
       
Story14 167 43.82 68.47 98.6
       
Story15 177 28.73 44.89 64.65
       
Story16 187 13.61 21.27 30.62
       

High Rise and Low Rise Story Shears for Different

Wind Speeds in Zone 2
600 High rise Story Shears for
Wind speed 80mph
500 High rise Story Shears for
Wind Speed 100mph
400 High rise Story Shears for
Story Shears

Wind speed 120mph

300 Low rise Story Shears for
Wind 80mph
200 Low rise Story Shears for
Wind 100mph
100 Low rise Story Shears for
Wind 120mph
0
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200

Story Height

Figure: 4.13 Graph Showing Story Shears for High Rise and Low Rise Building with
Different Wind Speeds in Zone 2

From these analysis, the maximum shear force of the high rise building is
occurred at GL for X and Y direction. Then, the story shears of the high rise building
from all cases decrease gradually throughout the height. In the high rise building for
different wind speed, the maximum story shear from different wind speed is 531.17
kips. The maximum shear force of the low rise building is occurred at GL for X and Y
direction. Then, the story shears of the low rise building from all cases decrease
 62

gradually throughout the height. In the low rise building for different wind speeds, the
maximum story shear due to wind forces is 95.75 kips.

4.5 Comparison of Story Shears for High Rise and Low Rise Building with
Different Wind Speeds in Zone 3
The effect of the different wind speeds in earthquake zone 3 on the high rise
and low rise building are compared according to the story shears. The comparison of
story shears for high rise and low rise building due to different wind speeds in zone 3
for X-direction and Y-direction are described in Table (4.14) and are shown in Figure
(4.14).

Table 4.14 Story Shears for Low Rise and High Rise Buildings with Wind Speed
80mph, 100mph, 120mph in Zone 3
High Rise Structure in Low Rise Structure in
Zone 3 (kips) Zone 3 (kips)
Elevation Elevation
Story Wind Wind Wind Wind Wind Wind
(ft) (ft)
80 100 120 80 100 120
mph mph mph mph mph mph
GL 27 236.07 7 42.55
368.87 531.17 66.49 95.75
Story1 37 17
216.67 338.55 487.51 35.79 55.92 80.52
Story2 47 27
205.2 320.62 461.7 27.52 43.01 61.93
Story3 57 37
193.19 301.86 434.67 18.62 29.1 41.9
Story4 67 47
181 282.82 407.25
Story5 77
168.4 263.12 378.89
Story6 87
155.62 243.16 350.14
Story7 97 142.42 222.54 320.46        
Story8 107 129.09 201.7 290.45        
Story9 117
115.43 180.36 259.72        

Table 4.14 (Continued)

Story10 127
101.57 158.71 228.54        
 63

Story11 137
87.2 136.26 196.21        
Story12 147 72.8
113.75 163.81        
Story13 157
58.4 91.25 131.4        
Story14 167
43.82 68.47 98.6        
Story15 177
28.73 44.89 64.65        
Story16 187
13.61 21.27 30.62        

High Rise and Low Rise Story Shears for Different

Wind Speeds in Zone 3
600 High rise Story Shears for
Wind speed 80mph
500 High rise Story Shears for
Wind Speed 100mph
High rise Story Shears for
Story Shears

400
Wind speed 120mph
300 Low rise Story Shears for
Wind 80mph
200 Low rise Story Shears for
Wind 100mph
100 Low rise Story Shears for
Wind 120mph
0
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200
Story Height

Figure: 4.14 Graph Showing Story Shears for High Rise and Low Rise Building with
Different Wind Speeds in Zone 3

From these analysis, the maximum shear force of the high rise building is
occurred at GL for X and Y direction. Then, the story shears of the high rise building
from all cases decrease gradually throughout the height. In the high rise building for
different wind speed, the maximum story shear from different wind speed is 531.17
kips. The maximum shear force of the low rise building is occurred at GL for X and Y
direction. Then, the story shears of the low rise building from all cases decrease
gradually throughout the height. In the low rise building for different wind speeds, the
maximum story shear due to wind forces is 95.75 kips.
 64

4.6 Comparison of Story Shears for High Rise and Low Rise Building with
Different Wind Speeds in Zone 4
The effect of the different wind speeds in earthquake zone 4 on the high rise
and low rise building are compared according to the story shears. The comparison of
story shears for high rise and low rise building due to different wind speeds in zone 4
for X-direction and Y-direction are described in Table (4.15) and are shown in Figure
(4.15).

Table 4.15 Story Shears for Low Rise and High Rise Buildings with Wind Speed
80mph, 100mph, 120mph in Zone 4
High Rise Structure in Low Rise Structure in
Zone 4 (kips) Zone 4 (kips)
Elevation Elevation
Story Wind Wind Wind Wind Wind Wind
(ft) (ft)
80 100 120 80 100 120
mph mph mph mph mph mph
GL 27 236.07 7 42.55
368.87 531.17 66.49 95.75
Story1 37 17
216.67 338.55 487.51 35.79 55.92 80.52
Story2 47 205.2 320.62 461.7 27 27.52 43.01 61.93
Story3 57 193.19 301.86 434.67 37 18.62 29.1 41.9
Story4 67 181 282.82 407.25 47

Story5 77 168.4 263.12 378.89

Story6 87 155.62 243.16 350.14
Story7 97
142.42 222.54 320.46        
Story8 107
129.09 201.7 290.45        
Story9 117
115.43 180.36 259.72        
Story10 127
101.57 158.71 228.54        
Story11 137
87.2 136.26 196.21        

Table 4.15 (Continued)

Story12 147 72.8

113.75 163.81        
 65

Story13 157
58.4 91.25 131.4        
Story14 167
43.82 68.47 98.6        
Story15 177
28.73 44.89 64.65        
Story16 187
13.61 21.27 30.62        

High Rise and Low Rise Story Shears for Different

Wind Speeds in Zone 4
600 High rise Story Shears for
Wind speed 80mph
500 High rise Story Shears for
Wind Speed 100mph
400 High rise Story Shears for
Story Shears

Wind speed 120mph

300 Low rise Story Shears for
Wind 80mph
200 Low rise Story Shears for
Wind 100mph
Low rise Story Shears for
100 Wind 120mph
0
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200

Story Height

Fig: 4.15 Graph Showing Story Shears for High Rise and Low Rise Building with
Different Wind Speeds in Zone 4

From these analysis, the maximum shear force of the high rise building is
occurred at GL for X and Y direction. Then, the story shears of the high rise building
from all cases decrease gradually throughout the height. In the high rise building for
different wind speed, the maximum story shear from different wind speed is 531.17
kips. The maximum shear force of the low rise building is occurred at GL for X and Y
direction. Then, the story shears of the low rise building from all cases decrease
gradually throughout the height. In the low rise building for different wind speeds, the
maximum story shear due to wind forces is 95.75 kips.
4.7 Comparison of Story Displacements for High Rise and Low Rise Building
with Different Wind Speeds in Zone 2
 66

The effect of the different wind speeds in earthquake zone 2 on the high rise
and low rise building are compared according to the story displacements. The
comparison of story displacements for high rise and low rise building due to different
wind speeds in zone 2 for X-direction and Y-direction are described in Table (4.16)
and are shown in Figure (4.16).

Table 4.16 Story Displacements for Low Rise and High Rise Buildings with Wind
Speed 80mph, 100mph, 120mph in Zone 2
High Rise Structure in Low Rise Structure in
Zone 2 (kips) Zone 2 (kips)
Elevation Elevation
Story Wind Wind Wind Wind Wind Wind
(ft) (ft)
80 100 120 80 100 120
mph mph mph mph mph mph
GL 27 0.2071 7 0.063
0.3236 0.466 0.0985 0.1418
Story1 37 17
0.314 0.4907 0.7066 0.1093 0.1707 0.2459
Story2 47 27
0.4197 0.6559 0.9444 0.1544 0.2412 0.3473
Story3 57 37
0.527 0.8234 1.1857 0.1857 0.2902 0.4179
Story4 67 47
0.6347 0.9917 1.428 0.2041 0.3189 0.4592
Story5 77
0.7448 1.1638 1.6759
Story6 87
0.8534 1.3335 1.9202
Story7 97 0.9596
1.4994 2.1592        
Story8 107
1.0651 1.6643 2.3965        
Story9 117
1.1661 1.822 2.6237        
Story10 127
1.2617 1.9714 2.8388        
Story11 137
1.3514 2.1116 3.0408        
Story12 147
1.4351 2.2424 3.2291        
Story13 157
1.5148 2.3669 3.4084        

Table 4.16 (Continued)

 67

Story14 167
1.5881 2.4813 3.5731        
Story15 177
1.6552 2.5862 3.7242        
Story16 187
1.7165 2.682 3.8621        

High Rise and Low Rise Displacement for Different Wind

Speeds in Zone 2
4.5
4 HWdisplacements for wind
3.5 speed 80mph
HWdisplacements for wind
Displacements

3 speed 100mph
HWdisplacements for wind
2.5 speed 120mph
2 LWdisplacements for wind
80mph
1.5 LWdisplacements for wind
100mph
1
LWdisplacements for wind
0.5 120mph

0
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200

Story Height

Figure: 4.16 Graph Showing Story Displacements for High Rise and Low Rise
Building with Different Wind Speeds in Zone 2

From these analysis, the maximum displacement of the high rise building is
occurred at story 16 for X and Y direction. Then, the displacements from all cases
increase gradually throughout the height. In the high rise building in different wind
speeds, the maximum displacements due to wind force is 3.8.621 in. The maximum
displacement of the low rise building is occurred at story 4 for X and Y direction.
Then, the story displacements from all cases increase gradually throughout the height.
In the low rise building in different wind speeds, the maximum story displacement
due to wind force is 0.4592 in.
 68

4.8 Comparison of Story Displacements for High Rise and Low Rise Buildings
with Different Wind Speeds in Zone 3
The effect of the different wind speeds in earthquake zone 3 on the high rise
and low rise building are compared according to the story displacements. The
comparison of story displacements for high rise and low rise building due to different
wind speeds in zone 3 for X-direction and Y-direction are described in Table (4.17)
and are shown in Figure (4.17).

Table 4.17 Story Displacements for Low Rise and High Rise Buildings with Wind
Speed 80mph, 100mph, 120mph in Zone 3
High Rise Structure in Low Rise Structure in
Zone 3 (kips) Zone 3 (kips)
Elevation Elevation
Story Wind Wind Wind Wind Wind Wind
(ft) (ft)
80 100 120 80 100 120
mph mph mph mph mph mph
GL 27 0.2071 0.3236 0.466 7 0.063 0.0985 0.1418
Story1 37 17
0.314 0.4907 0.7066 0.1093 0.1707 0.2459
Story2 47 27
0.4197 0.6559 0.9444 0.1544 0.2412 0.3473
Story3 57 37
0.527 0.8234 1.1857 0.1857 0.2902 0.4179
Story4 67 47
0.6347 0.9917 1.428 0.2041 0.3189 0.4592
Story5 77
0.7448 1.1638 1.6759
Story6 87
0.8534 1.3335 1.9202
Story7 97 0.9596
1.4994 2.1592        
Story8 107
1.0651 1.6643 2.3965        
Story9 117
1.1661 1.822 2.6237        
Story10 127
1.2617 1.9714 2.8388        
Story11 137
1.3514 2.1116 3.0408        
Story12 147
1.4351 2.2424 3.2291        
Story13 157
1.5148 2.3669 3.4084        
 69

Table 4.17 (Continued)

Story14 167
1.5881 2.4813 3.5731        

Story15 177
1.6552 2.5862 3.7242        
Story16 187
1.7165 2.682 3.8621        

High Rise and Low Rise Displacement for Different Wind

Speeds in Zone 3
4.5
4 HWdisplacements for wind
3.5 speed 80mph
HWdisplacements for wind
3 speed 100mph
Displacements

HWdisplacements for wind

2.5 speed 120mph
2 LWdisplacements for wind
80mph
1.5 LWdisplacements for wind
100mph
1
LWdisplacements for wind
0.5 120mph

0
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200

Story Height

Figure: 4.17 Graph Showing Story Displacements for High Rise and Low Rise
Building with Different Wind Speeds in Zone 3

From these analysis, the maximum displacement of the high rise building is
occurred at story 16 for X and Y direction. Then, the displacements from all cases
increase gradually throughout the height. In the high rise building in different wind
speeds, the maximum displacements due to wind force is 3.8.621 in. The maximum
displacement of the low rise building is occurred at story 4 for X and Y direction.
Then, the story displacements from all cases increase gradually throughout the height.
In the low rise building in different wind speeds, the maximum story displacement
due to wind force is 0.4592 in.
 70

4.9 Comparison of Story Displacements for High Rise and Low Rise Building
with Different Wind Speeds in Zone 4
The effect of the different wind speeds in earthquake zone 4 on the high rise
and low rise building are compared according to the story displacements. The
comparison of story displacements for high rise and low rise building due to different
wind speeds in zone 4 for X-direction and Y-direction are described in Table (4.18)
and are shown in Figure (4.18).

Table 4.18 Story Displacements for Low Rise and High Rise Buildings with Wind
Speed 80mph, 100mph, 120mph in Zone 4
High Rise Structure in Low Rise Structure in
Zone 4 (kips) Zone 4 (kips)
Elevation Elevation
Story Wind Wind Wind Wind Wind Wind
(ft) (ft)
80 100 120 80 100 120
mph mph mph mph mph mph
GL 27 0.2071 7 0.063
0.3236 0.466 0.0985 0.1418
Story1 37 17
0.314 0.4907 0.7066 0.1093 0.1707 0.2459
Story2 47 27
0.4197 0.6559 0.9444 0.1544 0.2412 0.3473
Story3 57 37
0.527 0.8234 1.1857 0.1857 0.2902 0.4179
Story4 67 47
0.6347 0.9917 1.428 0.2041 0.3189 0.4592
Story5 77
0.7448 1.1638 1.6759
Story6 87
0.8534 1.3335 1.9202
Story7 97 0.9596
1.4994 2.1592        
Story8 107
1.0651 1.6643 2.3965        
Story9 117
1.1661 1.822 2.6237        
Story10 127
1.2617 1.9714 2.8388        
Story11 137
1.3514 2.1116 3.0408        
Story12 147
1.4351 2.2424 3.2291        
Story13 157
1.5148 2.3669 3.4084        
 71

Table 4.18 (Continued)

Story14 167
1.5881 2.4813 3.5731        

Story15 177
1.6552 2.5862 3.7242        

Story16 187
1.7165 2.682 3.8621        

High Rise and Low Rise Displacement for Different Wind

Speeds in Zone 4
4.5
4 HWdisplacements for wind
3.5 speed 80mph
HWdisplacements for wind
3 speed 100mph
Displacements

HWdisplacements for wind

2.5 speed 120mph
2 LWdisplacements for wind
80mph
1.5 LWdisplacements for wind
100mph
1
LWdisplacements for wind
0.5 120mph

0
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200

Story Height

Figure: 4.18 Graph Showing Story Displacements for High Rise and Low Rise
Building with Different Wind Speeds in Zone 4

From these analysis, the maximum displacement of the high rise building is
occurred at story 16 for X and Y direction. Then, the displacements from all cases
increase gradually throughout the height. In the high rise building in different wind
speeds, the maximum displacements due to wind force is 3.8.621 in. The maximum
displacement of the low rise building is occurred at story 4 for X and Y direction.
Then, the story displacements from all cases increase gradually throughout the height.
In the low rise building in different wind speeds, the maximum story displacement
due to wind force is 0.4592 in.
 72

4.10 Comparison of Failure Members for High Rise Building with Different
Wind Speeds and Earthquake Zones
The numbers of failure members for high rise building due to different wind
speeds and earthquake zones are illustrated in Table (4.19).

Table 4.19 Numbers of Failure Members for High Rise Building with Different Wind
Speeds and Earthquake Zones

Number of Failure Members for High Rise Building

Zone 2 Zone 3 Zone 4

Types Wind Wind Wind Wind Wind Wind Wind Wind Wind
80mp 100mp 120mp 80mp 100mp 120mp 80mp 100mp 120mp
h h h h h h h h h

Beams - 13 14 52 52 54 60 60 60

Column
- - - 8 8 8 9 9 9
s

From these analysis, 13 beams are failure due to wind speed 100 mph and 14
beams are failure due to wind speed 120 mph in zone 2. No column is failure in
different wind speeds in zone 2. The maximum beams of 54 numbers and 8 columns
are failure due to wind speed 120 mph in zone 3. 60 beams and 9 columns are the
same failure due to different wind speeds in zone 4.

4.11 Comparison of Failure Members for Low Rise Building with Different
Wind Speeds and Earthquake Zones
The numbers of failure members for low rise building due to different wind
speeds and earthquake zones are illustrated in Table (4.20).
 73

Table 4.20 Numbers of Failure Members for Low Rise Building with Different Wind
Speeds and Earthquake Zones

Number of Failure Members for Low Rise Building

Zone 2 Zone 3 Zone 4

Types Wind Wind Wind Wind Wind Wind Wind Wind Wind
80mp 100mp 120mp 80mp 100mp 120mp 80mp 100mp 120mp
h h h h h h h h h

Beams - 1 1 3 3 3 7 7 7

Column
- - - - - - - - -
s

From these analysis, 1 beam is failure due to wind speed 100 mph and 120
mph in zone 2. No column is failure in different wind speeds in zone 2. 3 beams are
failure due to different wind speeds in zone 3. No column is failure in different wind
speeds in zone 3. 7 beams are failure due to different wind speeds in zone 4. No
column is failure in different wind speeds in zone 4.