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Hydraulics Refersher Module
Hydraulics Refersher Module
SITUATION 1: A diverging tube discharges water from a reservoir at a depth of 10 m below the water surface. The diameter of the tube
gradually increases from 150 mm at the throat to 225 mm at the outlet as shown in the figure.
1. Neglecting friction, determine the maximum possible rate of discharge through this tube.
a. 0.775 m^3/s b. 0.618 c. 0.557 d. 0.481
SITUATION 2: For the pump shown in the figure, the total friction head loss is 6 m. If the pump delivers 40 kW of power to the water,
5. Benzene flows through a 100 mm pipe at a mean velocity of 3 m/s. Find the volume flow rate.
a. 1844 L/s b. 1416 c. 1233 d. 1655
SITUATION 3: A 25 mm long smooth brass pipe 300 m long drains an open 1.2 m cylindrical tank which contains oil having density =
950 kg/m^3 and dynamic viscosity of 0.03 N.s/m^2. The pipe discharges at elevation 30 m. The liquid surface of oil is at elevation of 36
m.
8. Determine the time required in hours for the oil level to drop from elevation 36 to elevation 32.5 m.
a. 29.6 hours b. 20.4 c. 22.9 d. 27.7
10. An orifice has a coefficient of discharge of 0.62 and a coefficient of contraction of 0.63. Find the coefficient of velocity for the
discharge.
a. 0.884 b. 0.984 c. 0.655 d. 0.800
16. The area shown in the figure is composed of a square plus an equilateral triangular plot of side 10 km. The annual
precipitations at the rain gauge stations located at the four corners and center of the square plot and apex of the triangular plot
are indicated in the figure. Find the mean precipitation over the area using Thiessen polygon method.
SITUATION 5: A 600 mm pipe connects two reservoir whose difference in water surface elevation 48 m. The pipe is 3500 m long and
has the following pipe fittings: 2 globe valves, 4 short radius elbows, 2 long radius elbows, and one gate valve half open. The values of
loss factors for pipe fittings are given (see Gillesania’s Fluid Mechanics and Hydraulics).
17. Using the equivalent length method, assuming f = 0.015, calculate the actual length of the pipe.
a. 4483 m b. 4064 c. 4199 d. 4318
SITUATION 6: A rectangular irrigation canal 6 m wide contains water 1 m deep. It has a hydraulic slope of 0.001 and a roughness
coefficient of 0.013.
20. Evaluate the mean velocity of the water in the canal in m/s.
a. 6.11 m/s b. 2.01 c. 4.66 d. 1.99
22. What would be the depth of the canal in meters using the more economical proportions but adhering to the same discharge
and slope.
a. 1.89 m b. 1.55 c. 1.67 d. 1.38
23. Water from a reservoir through a non-rigid 600 mm pipe with a velocity of 2.5 m/s is completely stopped by a closure of a
valve situated 200 m from the reservoir. Assume that the pressure increases at a uniform rate and that there is no damping of
the pressure wave. The pipe has a thickness of 20 mm, bulk modulus of water is 2.2 x 10^9 Pa and modulus of elasticity of
steel is 1.4 x 10^11 Pa. Compute the celerity of pressure wave.
a. 1885 m/s b. 1544 c. 1618 d. 1223
24. Water flows through an orifice at the vertical side of a large tank under a constant head of 2.4 m. How far horizontally from the
vena contracta will the jet strikes the ground 1.5 below the orifice?
a. 3.88 m b. 3.79 m c. 3.45 d. 3.08
25. During a test on a 2.4 m suppressed weir 900 mm high, the head was maintained constant at 300 mm. In 38 seconds, 28,800
liters of water were collected. What is the weir factor, Cw?
a. 1.044 b. 1.518 c. 1.891 d. 2.055
SITUATION 7: In the figure and the table shown, it is desired to pump 3,411,000 L/day of water from a stream to a pool. If the
combined pump and motor efficiency is 70% ,
28. If the electricity is P 6.00 per kW-hr, and operating for 24 hr , assuming 1 month = 30 days, compute the monthly power cost.
a. P 98,445.19 b. 112,273.15 c. 133,218.85 d. 166,812.48
SITUATION 8: Answer the following terms in Hydraulics and Water Resources Engineering.
29. In precipitation , these consist of tiny liquid droplets, usually with diameters between 0.1 and 0.5 mm, with such slow settling
rates that they occasionally appear to float.
a. Rain b. Hail c. Snow d. Drizzle
30. These are the sections which the parameters of channel flow will give maximum discharge.
a. Normal Depth c. Most Efficient Section
b. Critical Flow d. Hydraulic Grade Line
SITUATION 9: Two pipes are connected in parallel between two reservoirs L1 = 2600 m, D1 = 1.3 m, C = 90 ; L2 = 2400 m, D2 = 0.9
m, C = 100. For a difference in elevation of 3.8 m,
SITUATION 10: In the venture meter shown in the figure, C = 0.957, the recorded flow in the meter is 1.5 L/s ,
37. Determine the deflection of water , h in the differential manometer connected between the inlet and the throat?
a. 695 mm b. 475 c. 554 d. 318
38. There are four commonly used methods for the base flow separation EXCEPT:
a. Sraight Line b. Fixed base length c. Chow’s d. Constant slope
SITUATION 11: A jet of water 250 mm in diameter impinges normally on a flat steel plate. If the discharge is 0.491 cu m/s,
39. Find the force exerted by the jet on the stationary plate.
a. 6.33 kN b. 4.91 c. 3.64 d. 2.79
40. If the flat plate is moving at 2 m/s in the same direction as that of the jet, find the force exerted by the jet on the plate.
a. 3.142 kN b. 2.216 c. 1.977 d. 1.425
41. If the flat plate is moving at 4 m/s in the same direction as that of the jet, find the work done on the plate per second.
a. 7525 N.m/s b. 8419 c. 7068 d. 6619
SITUATION 12: Reservoir B shown in the figure receives 0.06 m^3/s of flow.
SITUATION 13: Water flows from an upper reservoir to lower one while passing through a turbine as shown in the figure.
49. A 20 cm diameter pipe length of 100 m with z = 60 m, f = 0.02 m and loss of head due to entrance coefficient k = 0.5. What is
the flow rate?
a. 11.48 m/s b. 10.12 c. 15.55 d. 18.79
50. A discharge of 750 L/s flows through a pipe having diameter of 400 mm, 85 m long. Using Hazen-Williams formula, compute
the head loss.
a. 5 m b.7 c. 13 d. 4