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SS CP 65-1999 Example 002

P-M INTERACTION CHECK FOR COMPRESSION-CONTROLLED RECTANGULAR COLUMN

EXAMPLE DESCRIPTION
The Demand/Capacity ratio for a given axial loading and moment is tested in this
example.

A reinforced concrete column is subjected to factored axial load N = 1971 kN

and moment My = 493 kN-m. This column is reinforced with five 25M bars. The
design capacity ratio is checked by hand calculations and the result is compared
with the calculated result. The column is designed as a short, non-sway member.

GEOMETRY, PROPERTIES AND LOADING

1971 kN

My = 493 kN-m
550mm

A A 60 mm 350mm
3m

Section A-A

Material Properties Section Properties Design Properties

Ec = 25x106 kN/m2 b = 350 m fcu = 30 MPa

ν = 0.2 d = 490 mm fy = 460 MPa
G = 10416666.7kN/m2

TECHNICAL FEATURES TESTED

 Tied reinforced concrete column design

SS CP 65-1999 Example 002 - 1

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RESULTS COMPARISON
Independent results are hand calculated and compared.

Percent
Output Parameter SAP2000 Independent Difference

Column Demand/Capacity Ratio 0.995 1.00 -0.50%

COMPUTER FILE: SS CP 65-1999 EX002

CONCLUSION
The computed results show an acceptable comparison with the independent
results.

SS CP 65-1999 Example 002 - 2

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HAND CALCULATION

Column Strength under compression control

fcu = 30 MPa fy = 460 MPa
b = 350 mm d = 490 mm

1) Because e = 250 mm < (2/3)d = 327 mm, assume compression failure. This
assumption will be checked later. Calculate the distance to the neutral axis for a
balanced condition, cb:
Position of neutral axis at balanced condition:
700 700
=cb = dt = ( 490 ) 296 mm
700 + f y 700 + 460

2) From the equation of equilibrium:

N = Cc + C s − T
where
0.67
= Cc = fcu ab 0.67 1.5 •=30 • 350a 4667 a
γΜ
As′
Cs =
γs
( f y − 0.4467 fcu ) = ( 460 − 0.4467 • 30 ) =
2500
1.15
971, 014 N

Assume compression steel yields (this assumption will be checked later).

= 2174 fs ( fs < f y )
As fs 2500 fs
=T =
γs 1.15
N1 =4, 667 a + 971, 014 − 2174 fs (Eqn. 1)

3) Taking moments about As:

1  a 
=
N Cc  d −  + C s ( d − d ′ ) 
e′   2 
The plastic centroid is at the center of the section and d " = 215 mm
e′ =e + d ′′ =250 + 215 =465 mm
1   a 
=N  4, 667 a  490 −  + 971, 014 ( 490 − 60 ) 
465   2 
N = 4917.9a − 5.018a 2 + 897,926 (Eqn. 2)

SS CP 65-1999 Example 002 - 3

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4) Assume c = 364 mm, which exceeds cb (296 mm).

a = 0.9 • 364 = 327.6 mm
Substitute in Eqn. 2:

N 2 4917.9 • 327.6 − 5.018 ( 327.6 ) + 897,926

2
= = 1,970,500 N

5) Calculate fs from the strain diagram when c = 365 mm.

 490 − 364 
=fs =  700 242.3 MPa
 364 
ε s =εt =fs Es = 0.0012

6) Substitute a = 327.6 mm and fs = 242.3 MPa in Eqn. 1 to calculate N1:

N1 4, 667 ( 327.6 ) + 971, 014 − 2174 ( 242.3
= = ) 1,973,163 N
which is very close to the calculated N2 of 1,970,500 (less than 1% difference)
 250 
M = Ne = 1971  = 493 kN-m
 1000 

7) Check if compression steel yields. From strain diagram,

 364 − 60 
=ε′s   ( 0.0035
= ) 0.0029=
> ε y 0.0023
 364 
Compression steel yields, as assumed.

8) Therefore, section capacity is

N = 1971 kN
M = 493 kN-m

SS CP 65-1999 Example 002 - 4