INTRODUCTION TO POWER QUALITY & FACTS

Unit-I: Introduction to Power Quality

18 August 2020
23:44

_________________ is a set of electrical

boundaries that allows a piece of
equipment to function in its
intended manner without
significant loss of performance or
life expectancy.
(A) Power factor
(B) Power system
(C) Power quality
(D) Power field
 
Answer
(C)
 
 
All electrical devices are prone to
failure or malfunction when
exposed to one or more power
quality problems
(A) True
(B) False
 
Answer
(A)
 
 
 
Is it possible that "good" power for
one piece of equipment could be
“bad” power for another one.
(A) Yes
(B) No
 
Answer
(A)
 
 
 
Two identical devices or pieces of
equipment might react differently
to the same power quality
parameters due to (i) differences in
their manufacturing (ii) component
tolerance
(A) Only (i)
(B) Only (ii)
(C) Both (i) and (ii)
(D) some other issue
 
Answer
(C)
 
 
 
____________ ensures that any fault
current likely imposed on a metal
part will be safely conducted to
ground or other grid systems
serving as ground
(A) Isolation
(B) Grounding
(C) Coupling
(D) Bonding
 
Answer
(D)
 
 
 
_______________ is one means by which
energy or electrical noise can
couple from one electrical circuit to
another.
(A) Resistance
(B) Inductance
(C) Capacitance
(D) Inductive Reactance
 
Answer
(C)
 
 
_________ is the process by which
energy or electrical noise in one
circuit can be transferred to
another circuit that may or may not
be electrically connected to it.
(A) Bonding
(B) Earthing
(C) Coupling
(D) Isolation
 
Answer
(C)
 
Ratio between the peak value and
the root mean square (RMS) value
of a periodic waveform is know as
(A) Form Factor
(B) Crest Factor
(C) Power Factor
(D) Distortion Factor
 
Answer
(B)
Ratio between the peak value and
the root mean square (RMS) value
of a periodic waveform is know as
(A) Form Factor
(B) Crest Factor
(C) Power Factor
(D) Distortion Factor
 
Answer
(B)
 
 
 
Ratio of the RMS of the harmonic
content of a periodic wave to the
RMS of the fundamental content of
the wave, expressed as a percent.
This is known as _______
(A) Distortion Factor
(B) Power Factor
(C) Crest Factor
(D) Form Factor
 
Answer
(A)
 
 
 
Variation of input voltage sufficient
in duration to allow visual
observation of a change in electric
light source intensity is reffered as
(A) Flicker
(B) Noise
(C) Distortion
(D) Harmonics
 
Answer
(A)
 
Ratio between the RMS value and
the average value of a periodic
waveform. It is known as
(A) Crest Factor
(B) Form Factor
(C) Power Factor
(D) Distortion Factor
 
Answer
(B)
 
 
 
Number of complete cycles of a
periodic wave in a unit time, usually
1 sec is called as
(A) Phase angle
(B) Amplitude
(C) Phase Difference
(D) Frequncy
 
Answer
(D)
 
 
 
 
Which of the following is true for
this statement? "Conductor or a
body of conductors in intimate
contact with earth for the purpose
of providing a connection with the
ground"
(A) Ground loop
(B) Ground grid
(C) Ground electrode
(D) Ground ring
 
Answer
(C)
 
 
 
System of interconnected bare
conductors arranged in a pattern
over a specified area and buried
below the surface of the earth is
called as
(A) Ground grid
(B) Ground loop
(C) Ground ring
(D) Ground electrode
 
Answer
(A)
 
 
 
Ground loop is Potentially
detrimental loop formed when two
or more points in an electrical
system that are nominally at
ground potential are connected by
a conducting path such that either
or both points are not at the same
ground potential.
(A) True
(B) False
 
Answer
(A)
 
Ground ring should be at a depth
below the surface of the earth of
not less than _______ ft
(A) 1
(B) 2
(C) 2.5
(D) 3
 
Answer
(C)
 
 
 
The copper conductor not smaller
than #___ AWG used as ground ring
(A) 1
(B) 2
(C) 3
(D) 4
 
Answer
(B)
 
____________ is the Conducting
connection by which an electrical
circuit or equipment is connected
to the earth or to some conducting
body of relatively large extent that
serves in place of the earth
(A) Grounding
(B) Bonding
(C) Isolation
(D) Coupling
 
Answer
(A)
 
 
Sinusoidal component of a periodic
wave having a frequency that is an
integral multiple of the
fundamental frequency is the
________
(A) Flickering
(B) Harmonics
(C) Distortion
(D) Deviation
 
Answer
(B)
 
______________ is a short duration
overvoltage event with certain rise
and fall characteristics.
(A) Impulse
(B) Notch
(C) Oscillation
(D) Flicker
 
Answer
(A)
 
 
 
_________________ of a circuit is
important for determining the
characteristics of impulse voltage
transients and waveform notches
(A) Mutual Inductance
(B) Self Capacitance
(C) Stray Capacitance
(D) Self Inductance
 
Answer
(D)
 
 
_______________ relates to how current
in one circuit can induce noise and
disturbance in an adjacent circuit
(A) Self Inductance
(B) Self Capacitance
(C) Mutual Inductance
(D) Mutual Capacitance
 
Answer
(C)
 
 
 
Impulse is the large current that a
load draws when initially turned on.
(A) True
(B) False
 
Answer
(B)
 
Complete loss of voltage or current
for a time period is
(A) Isolation
(B) Interruption
(C) Grounding
(D) Disturbance
 
Answer
(B)
 
The example of isolation between
circuits is
(A) Resistor
(B) Capacitor
(C) Transformer
(D) Inductor
 
Answer
(C)
In steady-state operation, the linear
load presents essentially ___________
impedance to the power source
throughout the cycle of applied
voltage.
(A) Increment
(B) Decrement
(C) Constant
(D) Exponential Increment
 
Answer
(C)
 
 
__________ unwanted electrical signals
that produce undesirable effects in
the circuits of control systems in
which they occur.
(A) Distortion
(B) Noise
(C) Harmonics
(D) Disturbance
 
Answer
(B)
Notch is the Disturbance of the
normal power voltage waveform
lasting less than ____________.
(A) 1 cycle
(B) 10 cycles
(C) 2 cycle
(D) half cycle
 
Answer
(D)
 
 
 
Ratio between the active power
(watts) of the fundamental wave to
the apparent power (voltamperes)
of the fundamental wave is
(A) Displacement Power Factor
(B) Distortion Factor
(C) Power Factor
(D) Displacement Harmonic Factor
 
Answer
(A)
 
 
The total power factor is greater
than the displacement power
factor,
(A) True
(B) False
 
Answer
(B)
 
__________ is the RMS reduction in the
AC voltage at power frequency from
half of a cycle to a few seconds’
duration.
(A) Surge
(B) Swell
(C) Sag
(D) Transient
 
Answer
(C)
 
Electrical transient characterized by
a sharp increase in voltage or
current is called as
(A) Sag
(B) Surge
(C) Swell
(D) Transient
 
Answer
(B)
 
 
 
__________ is the RMS increase in AC
voltage at power frequency from
half of a cycle to a few seconds’
duration
(A) Swell
(B) Sag
(C) Transient
(D) Surge
 
Answer
(A)
 
Subcycle disturbance in the AC
waveform evidenced by a sharp,
brief discontinuity of the waveform
is known as ______________
(A) Swell
(B) Surge
(C) Sag
(D) Transient
 
Answer
(D)
 
The primary characteristics that
define a transient are (i) peak
amplitude (ii) rise time (iii) fall time
(iv) frequency of oscillation
(A) (i), (iii), (iv)
(B) (i), (ii), (iv)
(C) (ii), (iii), (iv)
(D) (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)
 
Answer
(D)
 

 
______________ are low-frequency
phenomena that result in voltage
sags or swells.
(A) Power frequency disturbances
(B) Power system transients
(C) Power system harmonics
(D) Electro magnetic interference
 
Answer
(A)
 
 
 
_______________ are fast, short-
duration events that produce
distortions such as notching,
ringing, and impulse.
(A) Power frequency disturbances
(B) Power system transients
(C) Power system harmonics
(D) Electro Static discharge
 
Answer
(B)
 
Grounding is done (i) for safety (ii)
to provide a low-impedance path
for the flow of fault current in case
of a ground fault (iii) to create a
ground reference plane for
sensitive electrical equipment
(A) Only (i)
(B) Only (ii)
(C) (i) & (ii)
(D) (i), (ii), (iii)
 
Answer
(D)
 
 
 
_________________ refers to the
interaction between electric and
magnetic fields and sensitive
electronic circuits and devices.
(A) Radio frequency interference
(B) Power frequency disturbances
(C) Electromagnetic interference
(D) Power system harmonics
 
Answer
(C)
 
 
 
__________________ is the interaction
between conducted or radiated
radio frequency fields and sensitive
data and communication
equipment.
(A) Radio frequency interference
(B) Electromagnetic interference
(C) Power system harmonics
(D) Power frequency disturbances
 
Answer
(A)
 
 
Most electrical equipment is
designed to operate within a
voltage of ± _____ of nominal with
marginal decrease in performance.
(A) 5 %
(B) 1 %
(C) 10 %
(D) 0.5 %
 
Answer
(A)
 
 
 
In in urban areas, the utility
frequencies are rarely outside ±
________ Hz of the nominal frequency.
(A) 50
(B) 1
(C) 10
(D) 0.1
 
Answer
(D)
 
A penalty from industrial and
commercial users of power is levied
if the power factor is below
___________.
(A) 0.96
(B) 0.95
(C) 0.99
(D) 1
 
Answer
(B)
 
 
 
Which of the following equipment
has low immunity index?
(A) electronic medical equipment
(B) adjustable speed drives
(C) transformers
(D) electromechanical relays
 
Answer
(A)
 
Which of the following equipment
has high immunity index?
(A) electromechanical relays
(B) solid-state relays
(C) communication, and data
processing equipment
(D) electronic ballasts
 
Answer
(A)
 

 
As per the power quality indices,
which of the following applications
face low power quality problems?
(A) HVAC power panels
(B) lighting power distribution panel
(C) elevators
(D) large motors
 
Answer
(B)
 
 
 
As per the power quality indices,
which of the following applications
face high power quality problems?
(A) Service entrance switchboard
(B) HVAC power panels
(C) large motors
(D) lighting power distribution panel
 
Answer
(C)