Republic of the Philippines

CAMARINES NORTE STATE COLLEGE

F. Pimentel Avenue, Brgy. 2, Daet, Camarines

COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

1. Power Supply Fundamentals

A. POWER SUPPLY BLOCK DIAGRAM AND

ITS FUNCTION

Automatically operated electrical switch

designed to protect an electrical circuit
from damage caused by excess current
from an overload or short circuit. Its basic
function is to interrupt current flow after a fault is
detected.

Significantly reduce the

amount of energy released as
a result of over voltages spikes and surges.

Alters the AC main voltage toward a necessary value and the main function
of this is to step-up and step-down the voltage.

Electrical device used to convert alternating current into direct current. It can be
full wave rectifier or half wave rectifier.

Eliminate the fluctuations in the rectified voltage. Rectifiers are classified into
four types: capacitor filter, inductive filter, LC filter, RC filter.

Essential for keeping a steady DC output voltage by supplying load regulation

as well as line regulation.

B. BLOCK DIAGRAM AND ITS ELECTRONIC COMPONENT(S)

Circuit Breaker / Fuse

Transient Voltage Suppressor Diode (TVS Diode)

 Republic of the Philippines
CAMARINES NORTE STATE COLLEGE
F. Pimentel Avenue, Brgy. 2, Daet, Camarines

COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

Step-up & Step-down Diode capacitor filter

Transformer

Transistor Series Regulator

Fixer and Variable IC Regulator
Zener Diode

2. WILL I CONSIDER AN UNREGULATED POWER SUPPLY

No, because if I am powering equipment with sensitive electronics, clean power is an
absolute requirement. We all know that unregulated power supplies are less expensive
than regulated power supply, but it can only supply power as clean as the available input
power.
You can use an unregulated power supply if it is matched closely to the voltage
and current requirements of the device, allowing it to still run smoothly.
So, if you need a power supply that can offer multiple DC output voltages, then
one regulated power supply with multiple outputs will be a better option than multiple
supplies with single outputs.

3. LINE & LOAD REGULATION

LINE REGULATION – change in output voltage to change in input voltage.

LOAD REGULATION – change the output voltage to change load current.

 Republic of the Philippines
CAMARINES NORTE STATE COLLEGE
F. Pimentel Avenue, Brgy. 2, Daet, Camarines

COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

4. A power supply has VNL = 15V and VFL = 14.5V. What is the load regulation?

Solution:

5. A power supply has VHL = 20V and VLL = 19V. What is the line regulation?