S04L14 F Amberg PDF

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Site Investigation, Design & Construction
tiv nd
ow
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of Hydro & Transport Tunnels
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sp e
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Kathmandu, Nepal 19 - 20 December 2013
ir w
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Performance Monitoring
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O tio
© a
n nd
M.Sc. Felix Amberg
tio ou
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Amberg Engineering Ltd., Switzerland

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‘Natural’ or at least: ‘Quite Common’ Situation
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 Tunnel construction is behind schedule
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 Nobody knows exactly Why?
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ow
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 Some claim ‘the geology’, some claim ‘the contractor’, other the ‘faulty
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design’, ‘insufficient management’ etc
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 cost and time overrun are very likely
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in addition
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 quality might be poor n nd
 logistics seems inefficient
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 resources seems to be short or even lacking

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What to do in such a situation?

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Performance monitoring could help – but what is this?

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Site investigation, Design & Construction of Hydro & Transport Tunnels | Kathmandu, Nepal – 19-20 December 2013 2
Basics
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Performance Monitoring is part of
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 the design work
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 the contract with the contractor
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 the execution of the work
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 the costs control
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and uses various tools, such as © a
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 schedules
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 programs
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 works cycle times

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 scenarios
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Design
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Performance monitoring starts in the design phase !
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According to the design phase and based on
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 experience
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 data from similar projects
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 more or less detailed calculations of work cycles etc
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the input data for
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 linear performance rates [m/day etc] of the most important works
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(excavation, support, lining, waterproofing etc)

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 the gross time estimations for other type of work (rigging, installations,
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TBM assembly etc)

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 interdependencies between the different works are evaluated

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Design
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The results of the performance estimation in the design phase are:
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 first construction programs (gant charts, time-chainge-programs etc)
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 identification of point of conflicts, milestones to meet, delays etc
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 identification of the ‘critical path(s)’ during further design stages and
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construction
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 inputs for cost estimations
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However this process must be up-dated in every design phase according
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to the available input data (devlopment of the project etc).

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Design – Tools for Performance Monitoring
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PERT (Programm Evaluation and Review Technique)
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CPM (Critical Path Method)
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© a
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Gantt charts
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Design – Tools for Performance Monitoring
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Time – Chainage - Charts
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Bidding Documents - Contract
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In the bidding documents the results of the design phases in regard to
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performance, time, delays and schedules to be respected are given.
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The Swiss Codes on Underground Construction (sia codes 197 and 198) may
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serve as a good example of how to handle these issues in the contract (of course
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there are others as well). These codes they stipulate for instance:
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Bidding Documents - Contract (cont.)
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Also some rules are given how to handle time adjustments
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In particular the Swiss codes demand some specific data from the bidder
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in regard to working cycles as it is stipulated
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With these rules both the contractor and the supervising body have a tool
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to verifiy later on (during constrcution), if the originally planned times for
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working cycles, the critical path etc still abide or not.
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This Appendix C
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looks as follows:
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© a
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In the contract it is possible to include milestones and to allocate a
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bonus – malus regulation to it. Some considerations:
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 where there is a malus, there always should be a bonus. Or: No malus
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without a bonus! It’s a principle of fairness
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 Milestones which are relevant for bonus/malus should be evident and
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‘easy’ to justify (succession of work, follow-up works etc)
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 Bonus and malus should pricewise be attractive for the contractor –

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always to be checked with financial consequences under ‘normal’

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conditions!
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 Keep in mind: Bonus / malus do not necessarily mean the same for
everybody!
During Construction
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During construction both the contractor and the supervising team
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constantly follow the development of the works.
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In particular:
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 timely up-date of the development of the work
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 identification of critical points
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 develop scenarios on how to mitigate the risks and implement
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countermeasures
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Complete Construction Schedule of Contractor (Status: End of August 2010)
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Time critical
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Major uncertainness in geology over 3‘500 m
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n nd Too many dependecies and uncertainties
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Not enough time for tunnel completition

Detailed planning and detailed construction schedule strongly required
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Mitigation measures
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 Improve the knowledge on the geological conditions (in order to improve the
ow
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planning)
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 Investigation drillings
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 Strengthen the TBM to increase excavation rate:
 Special measures for TBM (torque increase etc)
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 Detailed projects for Adits 0/2/1 and Adit 1 North including sequence of work
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 Technical support for Railway TBM South

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 Management construction schedule including target-performance comparison

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Mitigation Measures (cont.)
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 Current Status
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 TBM has excavated more than 600 m
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 TBM is currently in a fault zone area
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 Pipe umbrella and grouting around the TBM are prepared
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Fault zone interpretation
 Risks
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 A distance of more than 500 m needs to be excavated with
© a more or less unknown fault zones

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 Each collapse will cost time and resources
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 No proper stock of spare parts, e.g. tail-shield brushes

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Detail of fault zones for Road Tunnel

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 Measures
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 Construction of a pipe umbrella before reaching a fault zone

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 Sufficient overlapping of the umbrella

 Investigation drillings
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Face stability
 Monitoring and use of TBM parameters
Construction schedule
According to the contractor‘s
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Tunnel (status xx.yy.zz) time schedule dated of xx.yy.zz
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Scenario – planned by site
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supervision
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© a
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08/05/2012
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Site investigation, Design & Construction of Hydro & Transport Tunnels | Kathmandu, Nepal – 19-20 December 2013
Construction schedule
According to the contractor‘s
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Tunnel (status xx.yy.zz) time schedule dated xx.yy.zz
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Scenario – planned by Site
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Supervision
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© a
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11/04/2012
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Unsatisfactory Performance
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Countermeasures:
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 Analyse the circumstances of the situation carefully
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 Take all partners, their relevant work contribution etc - simply all
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aspects into consideration
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 Check the effective work cycle time on site:
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 stay there and observe all steps within (a) work cylce(s)
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 measure the time needed with a stop watch
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 take accurate notes, photographs etc
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 Compare the effective work cylce sequence and time with what has
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been planned and serves as calculation base for the prices in the bid
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 Identify shortcomings, reasons for delays etc and eliminate them one
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after the other

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Unsatisfactory Performance (cont.)
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Countermeasures:
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 If necessary implement drastic measures – like counterattacks etc
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 Plan them in-time and carefully (access to site, machinery, material,
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people, logistics, impact on already on-going work etc)
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 Keep your partners informed and make them contribute their part (like
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up-date of the design, design approvals etc)
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 Try to keep contractually up to date!
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Site Investigation, Design & Construction
tiv nd
ow
ec rla
of Hydro & Transport Tunnels
e
sp e
re itz
Kathmandu, Nepal 19 - 20 December 2013
ir w
he - S
ft n
O tio
Disclaimer
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tio ou
A. The speakers are presenting their own personal views and are not
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expressing the view of the Foundation.

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B. Papers and documents displayed or handed out during the Event are
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copyrighted. The participants must observe and comply with all applicable
law regulations concerning the copyright.
©
Site investigation, Design & Construction of Hydro & Transport Tunnels | Kathmandu, Nepal – 19-20 December 2013

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r-s

Amberg Engineering Ltd., Switzerland

 resources seems to be short or even lacking

What to do in such a situation?

Performance monitoring could help – but what is this?

 works cycle times

(excavation, support, lining, waterproofing etc)

TBM assembly etc)

 interdependencies between the different works are evaluated

to the available input data (devlopment of the project etc).

 Bonus and malus should pricewise be attractive for the contractor –

always to be checked with financial consequences under ‘normal’

Not enough time for tunnel completition

 Technical support for Railway TBM South

 Management construction schedule including target-performance comparison

© a more or less unknown fault zones

 No proper stock of spare parts, e.g. tail-shield brushes

Detail of fault zones for Road Tunnel

 Construction of a pipe umbrella before reaching a fault zone

 Sufficient overlapping of the umbrella

after the other

expressing the view of the Foundation.

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