OCCUPATIONAL

HEALTHWORK

PROTECTION
 GENERAL OBLIGATIONS OF THE EMPLOYER

• Ensure the health and safety of workers.

• Properly inform all workers of all work-related risks.

•Ensure appropriate training to provide employees with the skills.

• Ensure that all workplaces are equipped.

• Take all necessary measures to control and eliminate such
risks.

• Ensure all work methods and techniques used are safe.

• Provide equipment, tools, machines and supplies that are safe.

• Ensure that workers use the appropriate personal protective

equipment (PPE).
• Provide sanitary facilities, drinking water, suitable lighting,
ventilation and heating for taking meals in the workplace.

• Implement the fire safety measures prescribed by regulation.

• Ensure the use of a dangerous substance does not pose a danger to

the health of any person in the workplace.

• Ensure during business hours there are qualified first-aiders

present and a sufficient first-aid kits.
OBLIGATIONS OF EMPLOYER IN CASES OF IMMEDIATE
AND SERIOUS HAZARD TO LIFE OR HEALTH

HAZARD ASSESSMENT THE EMPLOYER SHOULD:

• Conduct inspections of the workplace.

• Review available safety and health information.

THE EMPLOYER SHOULD INVESTIGATE:

• Each workplace death.

• Each serious injury or illness.

• Each incident that created a substantial risk of death or serious

injury or illness.
AS PART OF HAZARD PREVENTION AND CONTROL THE EMPLOYER
SHOULD:

• Identify the hazards in new equipment, materials, and processes.

• Prioritize all hazards based on their seriousness and track progress

in controlling them.
 PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT (PPE)

is equipment worn to minimize exposure to a variety

of hazards.

INCLUDE:

• gloves
• foot protection
•eye protection
• protective hearing protection
• hard hats
• respirators.
 EMPLOYER OBLIGATIONS FOR PPE

•Performing a "hazard assessment" of the workplace

• Identifying and providing appropriate PPE for employees.

•Training employees in the use and care of the PPE.

•Maintaining PPE, including replacing worn or damaged PPE.

•Periodically evaluating the effectiveness of the PPE

program.
 WORKERS OBLIGATION FOR PPE

•Properly wear PPE

•Attend training sessions on PPE

•Care for, clean and maintain PPE, an

•Inform a supervisor of the need to repair

or replace PPE.
 OBLIGATIONS OF EVERY WORKER

• Read and be familiar with the employer’s accident prevention plan.

• Participate in identifying and eliminating risks of accidents or

occupational diseases in the workplace.
• Use safe work techniques and methods.

• Wear the personal protective equipment (PPE) appropriate to the

task to be performed.

• Cooperate with the person responsible for applying the OHSA.

 RIGHTS OF EMPLOYEES

• Equal work opportunities for all

• Security of Tenure

• Regular hours work

• Right for a weekly rest day.

• Minimum Wage.

• Payment of wages.

• Right to safe working conditions.

• Right to Self-Organization and Collective Bargaining.

 OCCUPATIONAL ACCIDENTS
is a discrete occurrence in the course of work

leads to physical or mental harm.

are unexpected and unplanned occurrences

INCIDENTS SUCH AS:

• Falls from height

•Trapped by a falling structure

•Struck by a vehicle or moving object

 OCCUPATIONAL DISEASE

is any chronic ailment that occurs as a result of work or

occupational activity.
IN LUNG DISEASE

•Asbestosis among asbestos miners and those who work

with friable asbestos insulation.

•Silicosis among miners

•Byssinosis among workers in parts of the cotton textile

industry.
IN SKIN DISEASE

• Eczema - is a chronic skin condition, the skin becomes itchy,

reddened, cracked and dry

• Urticaria –”hives” kind of skin rash due to friction, pressure

and extreme temperature.

• Psoriasis
- is a chronic skin condition marked by red and
sometimes scaly patches of skin.
 Safety of Constructions
1. Getting on and off equipment

§ The No. 1 cause of injury to equipment operators, forklift

drivers, truck drivers.
§ Avoid carrying objects while climbing.
§ Avoid the need to stretch by putting the grab rails where
they’re easy to securely reach.
2. Loading/unloading equipment

§ Even on level ground, there is a risk of machine roll-

over during loading and unloading.

§ Allow enough room to maneuver the trailer and machine.

§ Keep people away from the sides of the machine during

loading/unloading.
3. People crowding the work area

§ When ready to start work, use the horn to warn people to stay
back.
§ Stop the machine if needed.
§ Always check your back before backing up the machine.
4. Machine swing radius

§Swing radius accidents are common.

§ Usually fatal when people are involved.

5. Operation on slopes

§ Caution is always required when operating on slopes.

6. Overhead/buried obstructions

§ Be aware of overhead obstructions and underground utilities.

§ Including electrical lines, water, sewer, gas, telecom, etc.
7. Backing

§ Reverse motion on anything in this industry is

fraught with peril.

§ Always check the machine perimeter before

moving.

§ Use rear-mounted cameras and/ or rear-

mounted presence-sensing alarms.

§ Use wide angle mirrors.

8. Machine upset

§ Always use a seatbelt.

§ It decreases how much you will bounce around in the cab

during normal operations.

§ May help you control the machine in a borderline upset

situation.
9. Instability or loss of load

§ Keep all people well clear of a load being lifted or handled.

§ Never lift a load over people.

§ A lot of serious accidents also occur when trying to use one

machine to do multiple functions.

§ Operators need to understand that there are limitations that

must be observed and safety primary.
10. Lock-out/tag-out

§ Refueling manufacturer directionsfor safety in all cases.

§ Service personnel and mechanics need to use positive means to

assure their safety while servicing or working on the machine.
Working promises and working procedures
• a sample guide to the subject matters and should not be
considered as a legal authority.

• It does not remove, replace, or alter our obligations under any

health and safety legislation.
 DEFINITIONS

EMPLOYER - is a person or institution that hires employees or

workers.

EMPLOYEE - a person who works for another in return for

financial or other compensation.

HAZARD – means an object, condition, process, or action at a

workplace that poses a risk of death, illness or injury to an
employee.

HAZARD ASSESSMENT – means the identification of hazards.

INVESTIGATION – means the employer conducts a workplace
inspection for safety and health hazards.

SAFETY AND HEALTH INFORMATION – includes fatality,

injury, and illness experience , workers’ compensation claims, the
results of any medical screening

ASBETOSIS - is a chronic inflammatory and fibrotic medical

condition affecting the parenchymal tissue of the lungs caused by
the inhalation and retention of asbestos fibers.

SILICOSIS - is a form of occupational lung disease caused by

inhalation of crystalline silica dust.
BYSSINOSSIS - "brown lung disease" or "Monday fever", is an
occupational lung disease caused by exposure to cotton dust in
inadequately ventilated working environments.

ECZEMA - is a chronic skin condition in which the skin

becomes itchy, reddened, cracked and dry.