Unit

 IPK a hunk of platinum and iridium that decides how much a kilogram weigh
 International system of units only has 7 units an the reset were just derived
o Meter
o Kilogram
o Second
o Ampere
o Kelvin
o Candela
o Mole
 Heinrich Hertz and James Watt
 One of the standard base units is derived from an actual value though not a universal one. The second
is 1/60th of 1/60th of 1/24th of the time it takes for the Earth to rotate a single time.
 Exact numbers
 Measured numbers using a specific number of significant figures.
o Uses decimal infinite number of decimal points
o They tell you the number that was measured.
o They tell you the precision at which the number was measured.
 Significant figures are the digits of the number that you know.
o Addition or subtraction it's only the number of figures after the decimal point that matters. The
number with the fewest figures after the decimal point decides how many figures you can have
after the decimal in your answer
o For multiplication just make sure the answer has the same sig figs as your least precise
measurement.
 60 x 5.0839 = 305.034
= 300.000
= 3.0 x 102
 Scientific notation
o 6.0 x 101 = 60
o The number at the exponent tells you how many places you have to move the decimal point.
 Scientifi
 Measurement is assignment of a numerical value to an object’s physical property
o Needs To assign units to the numerical quantity to convey the relative size or magnitude of the
property.
o Length
o Volume
o Density
 System of Measure
o Units of measure are standardized amounts of various physical quantities.
 SI SYSTEM (SYSTEME INTERNATIONAL) is the international system of measure that
is a very comprehensive system with many units of measure.

BASE UNITS
BASE SI UNIT/
PHYSICAL PROPERTY MATHEMATICAL LABEL
MEASURE
Mass m Kilogram (kg)
Length x Meter (m)
Temperature T Kelvin (K)
Time T Seconds (s)

DERIVED UNITS
PHYSICAL MATHEMATICAL FORMULA BASE SI UNIT/
PROPERTY LABEL MEASURE
Area A m2 Meters squared
Volume V x3 Liter (L)
m/V Mass per unit
Density ρ
(mass/volume) volume
m/t Meters per
Velocity v
second
m/s2 Meters per
acceleration a
second squared
Force F m*a Newton (N)
(F/A) Atmosphere
pressure P
(atm)
 Signific

ant
Significant figures are digits within a number that help determine how accurate a data value or
measurement.

RULES IN WRITING SIGNIFICANT FIGURES

1. All the numbers that are not zero are significant

1.234= 5 sig fig
2. Zeroes in the middle of non-zero numbers are significant.
5.008 = 4 sig fig
3. Zeroes after the decimal are significant.
43.00 = 4 sig fig
4. Zeroes and coefficient in scientific notation are significant.
8.0 x 103 = 2 sig fig
5. Leading or beginning zeroes are not significant.
0.004 = 1 sig fig
6. Zeroes in a large number without a decimal are not significant
4000 = 1 sig fig

 In adding and subtracting numbers look for the least amount of decimal places
2.34 + 5.4 + 481.44 = 5487.78
= 5488
 In multiplying and dividing, look for the least amount of significant figures
24.5 x 63.2751 = 1550.23995
3 sig fig 6 sig fig
= 1550
 Unit
AND THE METRIC SYSTEM

 Conversion factor is a number that has two different units that allows you to go from one unit to the
next.
 The metric system is used as a conversion factor.

Tera Giga Mega Kilo Hecto Deka Base Deci Centi Milli Micro Nano Dico

1012 109 106 103 102 101 100 10-1 10-2 10-3 10-6 10-6 10-12

103 g = 1 kilogram
10-2 m = 1 centimeter

Accurac


y and
Accuracy is how close a measurement or attempt is to the actual or target value.
Precision is how consistent our results are regardless of proximity (closeness) to actual or target.