ADJECTIVES, ADVERBS

AND COMPARISONS
PAULA ARRIETA, HAROLD GONZÁLEZ
ANDRÉS ISAZA,YERSON MEJÍA
CAROLINA OSORIO, ANDRÉS OSORIO AND JUAN JOSÉ VELÁZQUEZ

ADVANCED GRAMMAR
 WHAT IS AN ADJECTIVE?

• Adjectives are words used to

identify or quantify individual
people and unique things.

• They can stand in front of nouns

or after the verb "to be“
ATTRIBUTIVE ADJECTIVES VS PREDICATIVE
ADJECTIVES

• Attributive adjectives talk • The predicative adjective usually

about specific traits, qualities,
or features. Normally, we put
the adjective before the noun
The black dog is barking
comes after a linking verb
rather than before a noun.
The dog was black
THERE ARE DIFFERENT KINDS OF ATTRIBUTIVE
ADJECTIVES

• Determiners articles (a, an, • Colour (red, black, pale…)

the) (my, your...) (this, that...)
• Origin (French, American,
(some, any, few, many...) (one, two,
three) Canadian…)
• Material (woolen, metallic,
• Opinion (Lovely, boring…)
wooden…)
• Size (Huge, small, massive…)
• Shape (Deep, large, round…)
ADJECTIVES ENDING WITH ED AND ING
Yes, that's correct, they are not only endings that we use for
verbs! ;)
ADJECTIVES ENDING WITH ED AND ING

• Describe the characteristic of • Describe a feeling (or how a

a person, a thing or a person feels) or an emotion.
situation.

o My girlfriend is boring. o My girlfriend is bored.

o I am confusing. o I am confused.
WHAT IS AN ADVERB?

• When? She always arrives early.

• How? He drives carefully.

• Where? They go everywhere together.

• In what way? She eats slowly.

• To what extent? It is terribly hot.

• Adverbs can always be used to modify verbs.
The dog ran.
The dog ran excitedly.
• Adverbs are often formed by adding the letters “-ly” to adjectives.This
makes it very easy to identify adverbs in sentences.There are many
exceptions to this rule
• An adverb can be used to modify an adjective and intensify the meaning
it conveys. For example:
He plays tennis well.
He plays tennis extremely well.
 ADVERBS OF MANNER
• Slowly She passed the exam easily.
• Rapidly They walk quickly to catch the train.
• Clumsily The dinner party went badly.
• Badly
John answered the question correctly.
• Diligently
• Sweetly
The boys had worked hard.
• Warmly
• Sadly Julia dances well.
 ADVERBS OF PLACE

• Directions: • Distance: the middle of the

dancefloor?
oNew York is located oJane is moving far away.
north of Philadelphia. oCarly is sitting close to • In addition:
oThey traveled down the me. oOscar travelled onward
mountainside. to Los Angeles.
• Position:
oHere comes the sun. oHannah looked upwards
oHere you are! oThe treasure lies to the heavens.
underneath the box.
oMolly, move forward to
oThe cat is sleeping on the the front of the queue,
bed. please.
oWhy are you standing in
• Adverbs of Frequency: • Adverbs of Time
The adverb is usually placed before the Harvey forgot his lunch yesterday and
main verb. again today.
I can normally make the shot. I have to go now.
I will always love We first met Julie last year.

Adverbs of definite frequency will usually be • Also:

placed at the end of the sentence. Last year was the worst year of my life.
We get paid hourly. Tomorrow our fate will be sealed.
The situation seems to change monthly. Yesterday my troubles seemed so far
away.
COMPARATIVE AND SUPERLATIVE
COMPARATIVE AND SUPERLATIVE
COMPARATIVE
• They are used to compare
one noun to another noun. In
these instances, only two items
are being compared.
SUPERLATIVE
• They are used to compare
three or more nouns. They're
also used to compare one thing
against the rest of a group.
Superlative adjectives
demonstrate a higher level of
comparison between entities.
 COMPARATIVE
• Comparative adjectives are used to compare differences between the two
objects they modify (larger, smaller, faster, higher).They are used in sentences where
two nouns are compared, in this pattern:

Noun (subject) + verb + comparative adjective + than + noun (object).

• The second item of comparison can be omitted if it is clear from the context

My house is larger than hers.

This box is smaller than the one I lost.
Your dog is faster than Jim's dog.
The rock is higher than the roof.
Jim and Jack are both fast, but Jack is faster. ("than Jim" is understood)
 SUPERLATIVE
• Superlative adjectives are used to describe an object which is at the upper or lower
limit of a quality (the tallest, the smallest, the fastest, the highest). They are used in
sentences where a subject is compared to a group of objects.

Noun (subject) + verb + the + superlative adjective + noun (object).

• The group that is being compared with can be omitted if it is clear from the context.
My house is the largest one in our neighborhood.
This is the smallest box I've ever seen.
Your dog was the fastest of any dog in the race.
We all have trees in our yard. My tree is the tallest. ("of all the trees" is understood)
 AS…AS
• We use as…as to make comparisons when the things we are
comparing are equal in some way.

Subject + verb to be + as + adjective + as + complement

Benji is as playful as Cody

Peter is as tall as Fred.
You have to unwrap it as carefully as you can.
LOOK AT THE FOLLOWING EXAMPLE
NOT AS…AS
• We use not as … as to make comparisons between things which
aren’t equal:

Subject + verb to be + not + as + adjective + as + complement

Rory hasn’t grown as tall as Tommy yet.

She isn’t singing as loudly as she can.
They didn’t play as well as they usually do.
LOOK AT THE FOLLOWING EXAMPLE
 AS… AS + POSSIBILITY // AS MUCH AS MANY
• We often use expressions of
possibility or ability after as … as
Can you come as soon as possible?
Go to as many places as you can.
We got here as fast as we could.
• we use as much as with uncountable nouns and
as many as with plural nouns
Greg makes as much money as Mick but not as much
as Neil.
They try to give them as much freedom as they can.
There weren’t as many people there as I expected.
Scientists have discovered a planet which weighs as
much as 2,500 times the weight of Earth.
There were as many as 50 people crowded into the
tiny room.
LIKE IN A COMPARISON FORM
• Like is followed by a noun, pronoun or verb to say that two things are
similar

Subject + verb to be + like + complement

She swims like a fish.

He's like a father to me.

There are lots of people like us.

LIKE IN A COMPARISON FORM
• Like with feel, look, smell, sound,
taste
It feels like cotton
She looks like her mother
It smells like medicine
It sounds like a cat
It tastes like lemonade
• Like with nouns, pronouns to express
similarity or contrast
There’s no place like home
No one can sing like him
John loves spicy food, like I do
I love big cats, like lions
Tokyo is a busy and exciting city, like
London
THANKS FOR
WATCHING!
☺