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 Subject: Practical Research 1
Governor Pack Road, Baguio City, Philippines 2600
Tel. Nos.: (+6374) 442-3316, 442-8220; 444-2786;
442-2564; 442-8219; 442-8256; Fax No.: 442-6268 Grade Level/Section: Grade 12 ABM
Email: email@uc-bcf.edu.ph; Website: www.uc-bcf.edu.ph

First Trimester, SY 2020 – 2021 Subject Teacher: Josephine S. Galanza

MODULE 4

Dear Student,

Welcome to the PRACTICAL RESEARCH 1 Course offered by The

University of the Cordilleras, Integrated School, Senior High School. This
course module emphasizes on self-directed, research-based, and
outcome-based learning. The key in successfully passing this subject lies in
your commitment in learning and complying with the requirements. It is our
desire that you pass this subject fully equipped with the necessary 21st
Century skills. This module was designed to provide you with a fun and
meaningful learning experiences and opportunities. You will be enabled to
process the content of this module while being an active learner.

Enjoy and maximize the learning while in your own homes.

JOSEPHINE S. GALANZA

In this module, you will be encountering the following parts and icons. (Parts depending per subject)

This part enumerates the objectives of the module. This part shall
TARGET give you an idea of the skills or competencies you are expected
to acquire upon completion of this module.

This part includes an activity that aims to check what you already
TESTER
know about the lesson to take.

In this portion, a new lesson will be introduced. This section provides

TEACHING a discussion of the lesson. This section aims to help you explore and
understand new concepts and skills.

This involves the reflective part of the module. It contains various

TAKE AWAY activities that will allow you to reflect and state what you have
learned.

This is the assessment presented at the end of each module. This

section aims to check how much have you learned from the
TOUCHSTONE
module. This will also evaluate your level of mastery in achieving
the learning competency.

Practical Research 1
 Subject: Practical Research 1
Governor Pack Road, Baguio City, Philippines 2600
Tel. Nos.: (+6374) 442-3316, 442-8220; 444-2786;
442-2564; 442-8219; 442-8256; Fax No.: 442-6268 Grade Level/Section: Grade 12 ABM
Email: email@uc-bcf.edu.ph; Website: www.uc-bcf.edu.ph

First Trimester, SY 2020 – 2021 Subject Teacher: Josephine S. Galanza

MODULE 4

WRITING THE RESEARCH PROPOSAL

OBJECTIVES

After completing this chapter, you’ll be

able to:

1. present and justify a research problem;

2. distinguish the difference between
objectives and problem statements;
3. formulate research problems that could
pose as novel in the field of research, for
proposal and implementation;
4. differentiate and identify the importance
of theoretical and conceptual
frameworks; and
5. appropriately use the frameworks in the
actual research process.

CONTENT

1. Nature of Research Proposal

2. Identifying Research Topic
3. Objective and Problem Formulation
4. Theoretical/Conceptual Framework

LECTURE

RESEARCH PROPOSAL

Research Proposal is a document written by a researcher that provides a detailed

outline of the entire research process that gives a reader a summary of the information
discussed in a research project.

Importance of Research Proposal

1. Help you to order your thoughts;

2. Present your preparatory material in a logical way;
3. Highlight the way in which each section interrelates with the others; and
4. Assist you in defining boundaries of your study and the concepts to be included.

Practical Research 1
 Subject: Practical Research 1
Governor Pack Road, Baguio City, Philippines 2600
Tel. Nos.: (+6374) 442-3316, 442-8220; 444-2786;
442-2564; 442-8219; 442-8256; Fax No.: 442-6268 Grade Level/Section: Grade 12 ABM
Email: email@uc-bcf.edu.ph; Website: www.uc-bcf.edu.ph

First Trimester, SY 2020 – 2021 Subject Teacher: Josephine S. Galanza

MODULE 4

A good proposal should clearly and precisely indicate the following:

1. What do you want to know?

The objective (what you want to know) should be supported by literature review
(critical assessment of previous studies related to the topic) and rationale (reason
and motivation why the research is being conducted).

2. Why do you want to know it?

It is important to show the significance of the study. This means that you should
be clear why your research is important. How is it significant within the subject
areas covered in my desire?

3. How will you be able to know this?

In here, you should be able to present a clear process of doing the research by
presenting the research design to be used, the locale and population or sample
of interest, the tools to be used and procedures to be followed in gathering data,
and the tools or procedures to analyze or treat the gathered data.

Structurally, the proposal contains the following parts:

Title
Introduction
Background of the study (including literature review and framework)
Significance of the study
Research objective/s and problem statement/s
Methods
Research design
Population and locale
Data gathering tool
Data gathering procedure
Data analysis
References
Appendices
Pertinent letters
Actual data gathering tool (e.g., survey questionnaire, interview guide, rubrics, etc.)

IDENTIFYING RESEARCH TOPIC

One of the most difficult parts of writing a research proposal is thinking of a topic. It
is important to note that not everything in the world can be researched and not all
problems in the world can be solved by anyone by doing a research.

Practical Research 1
 Subject: Practical Research 1
Governor Pack Road, Baguio City, Philippines 2600
Tel. Nos.: (+6374) 442-3316, 442-8220; 444-2786;
442-2564; 442-8219; 442-8256; Fax No.: 442-6268 Grade Level/Section: Grade 12 ABM
Email: email@uc-bcf.edu.ph; Website: www.uc-bcf.edu.ph

First Trimester, SY 2020 – 2021 Subject Teacher: Josephine S. Galanza

MODULE 4

Things to consider when identifying a research topic:

1. Importance of the research

One important question when thinking about a research topic is, “will my
research do any good to the society?”.

2. Interest of the Researcher

Although it is important that your research should have an impact to the society
after completion, it is more significant to make sure that you are interested in
what you are going to do. If your topic does not interest you, your motivation
and energy in doing the research might get lost along the way. Just like any other
activity that you do at school or at home, if you lose interest in the topic, you
might not do the research seriously anymore.

3. Experiences of the Researcher

Aside from your interest, you may also want to reflect about your experiences
that could be of interest to you or to potential readers of your research.

4. Scientific Literature or Other Theories

As a student, you may have discussed a lot of topics or issues in your different
classes. There might have been a subject that struck you attention along the way
because it relates to your life, you have experienced it, the theory was somehow
able to explain your experience, or it was just really new to you. This particular
information could be a basis for your research topic.

OBJECTIVE AND PROBLEM FORMULATION

Research Objective

Research Objectives are statements designed to understand the identified topic,

which would result in understanding and gaining knowledge. This should reflect the
sources from which your interest and the topic are derived.

Objectives answer the questions:

 Why do we want to carry out the research?
 What do we hope to achieve?
 What do we want to know or investigate?

Practical Research 1
 Subject: Practical Research 1
Governor Pack Road, Baguio City, Philippines 2600
Tel. Nos.: (+6374) 442-3316, 442-8220; 444-2786;
442-2564; 442-8219; 442-8256; Fax No.: 442-6268 Grade Level/Section: Grade 12 ABM
Email: email@uc-bcf.edu.ph; Website: www.uc-bcf.edu.ph

First Trimester, SY 2020 – 2021 Subject Teacher: Josephine S. Galanza

MODULE 4

Types of Objectives

1. General objective – states what the research expects to attain in general terms.
This usually includes a broad statement of the goal of the study.

2. Specific objective – states specific goals that are narrowed down to become more
achievable. These are small statements of goals that logically connect to one
another.

Research objectives should be S-M-A-R-T

Specific Simple, brief and concise.
Measurable Should also be observable and visible.
Attainable In consideration of both human and material resources, the
objectives should be easily attained. It should also be area and
population-specific.
Realistic Accomplishment should be at hand and result oriented.
Time-bound with the property of attainability, the objectives should be done in a
specific targeted time.

Research Problem

Research Problem are complex thoughts, stating an area of concern, condition to

improve, a difficulty to eliminate, or scholarly questions being raised in the academe. This
shows a need to attain a meaningful understanding and deliberate investigation.

What constitutes a good and bad problem statement?

Good problem statement Bad problem statement

 Clear, precise, and specific  One that does not reveal the
 The study's importance, benefits, and justification relevance of why you are
are clearly conveyed investigating a research problem
 Would generate a variety of viewpoints from  Not familiar with the researcher
multiple audiences made up of able people  Came from an unmanageable topic
 Should be researchable  Leaning towards a vague issue
 No value-laden words and terms but the concept
to be studied is identified
 Presence of key concepts and terms
 Avoidance of unnecessary jargon
 Overarching questions and key factors or
variables are comprehensibly identified
 Articulation of the study's boundaries or
parameters

Practical Research 1
 Subject: Practical Research 1
Governor Pack Road, Baguio City, Philippines 2600
Tel. Nos.: (+6374) 442-3316, 442-8220; 444-2786;
442-2564; 442-8219; 442-8256; Fax No.: 442-6268 Grade Level/Section: Grade 12 ABM
Email: email@uc-bcf.edu.ph; Website: www.uc-bcf.edu.ph

First Trimester, SY 2020 – 2021 Subject Teacher: Josephine S. Galanza

MODULE 4

THEORETICAL AND CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

After identifying the subject and object of your study, you should identify theories and
concepts that support the topic. Reviewing relevant books and studies to identify
relevant theories will guide you how to go about the study.

The process that the research will follow is called the framework or paradigm. Putting
the theories in perspective will create the theoretical framework, while integrating the
concepts or variables to be understood in your research will create the conceptual
framework.

The Theoretical Framework

 A structure that can embrace or support a presented theory in a research study.

 It introduces and describes relevant concepts and theories which explains why
the research problem under study exists.
 Being a researcher who will use theories, you must be able to understand the
theories you are describing and relate it to the subject matter being discussed.

Figure 1. Theoretical Framework

Practical Research 1
 Subject: Practical Research 1
Governor Pack Road, Baguio City, Philippines 2600
Tel. Nos.: (+6374) 442-3316, 442-8220; 444-2786;
442-2564; 442-8219; 442-8256; Fax No.: 442-6268 Grade Level/Section: Grade 12 ABM
Email: email@uc-bcf.edu.ph; Website: www.uc-bcf.edu.ph

First Trimester, SY 2020 – 2021 Subject Teacher: Josephine S. Galanza

MODULE 4

The Conceptual Framework

 This includes theories, variables, and concepts that revolve around your study.
 These sometimes are referred to as the presentation of relationships between the
dependent, independent, and intervening variables.
 Most researches on business and marketing follow the conceptual framework
known as Input-Process-Output or I-P-O (as shown in the figure below). This is an
ideal framework because it aims to show the research question and variables
(Input), research methods (Process), and the answers to the questions sought
(Output). This also includes the Expected Outcomes, which will come after the
Output. This part of the framework will guide the researcher as to what programs,
plan or course of action, or strategies should be implemented after finding out
answers to the problem or need of the company or organization.

Input Process Output Expected Outcome

Understanding Survey Financial Strategies and

financial questionnaire management programs to
management styles of develop and
skills and female strengthen
practices of managers in a financial
female university management
managers in a skills of female
university managers in a
university

Figure 2. I-P-O Framework

REFERENCES

Practical Research: A Step-by-Step Guidebook for the

SHS and Beyond, Galanza et al, 2018.

Practical Research 1: An Introduction to Qualitative Research, Torneo et al, 2017

https://www.google.com/search?sxsrf=ALeKk03Um62sQC5dUvxDdma_XvwM9c7
Tow%3A1600132747499&ei=ixZgX936HauHr7wP2fSGAo&q=list+of+research+titles+f
or+hotel+and+restaurant+management

https://libguides.usc.edu/writingguide/researchdesigns

https://www.le.ac.uk/oerresources/lill/fdmvco/module9/page_52.htm

Practical Research 1