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What I Know
2. This refers to the parameters under which the study will be operating.
a. Scope of the study c. Limitation of the study
b. Delimitation of the study d. None of the above
3. This refers to the matters and occurrences that arise in a study which are
out of the researcher’s control.
a. Scope of the study c. Limitations of the study
b. Delimitations of the study d. None of the above
4. This refers to the domain of your research – what is in the domain, and what
is not.
a. Delimitations of the study c. Limitations of the study
b. Scope of the study d. None of the above
5. Studying the effects of blended learning that includes online meeting and
modular approach is an example of:
a. Limitations of the study c. Delimitations of the study
b. Scope of the study d. None of the above
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6. Basically, the scope and delimitations of your study sets the
and boundaries of the problem inquiry and narrows the scope of the study.
7. The of the study refers to the parameters under which the
study will be operating.
8. Learners can develop a sense of and fulfilment through internal
motivation for the recognition and achievement for conducting research.
9. Learners report that they are inspired by teachers whom they perceive to be
masters in their field and who transfers learning with excitement and
enthusiasm for the subject. This is called .
10. tend to learn most when they are actively involved in
improving their skill set and knowledge. This is called active learning
11. Through research-based learning learners can develop the intellectual skills
of critical analysis and also valuable transferable skills such as individual,
group work, time and resource management and data organizing. This is
called .
12. beneficiaries, who are critical to either the success of the
project or in moving the project forward, for example project partners (short
term)
13. Secondary are not serious to the project but in order to gain
impact in the medium term it would be valuable if they were aware of any
progress.
14. beneficiaries who are not included in the project but have
the potential for more long term effects, i.e., utilizing the outputs from the
secondary users (like practical products).
15. Every research undertaking poses a question of “What is new?” This
question radically indicates an idea of what is , that is, how
a research can be useful to the community in general.
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Lesson
Scope and Delimitations of Research
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Every country from the world over has its certain territorial land
jurisdictions signified by areas measured through square meters. This is the
exact example of how you conceive boundaries. In the same vein, research
study has to have scope and delimitations in order to focus or concentrate on
the specific location, participants, methods and timeframes. In this module,
you will learn how to explore and set within limits your scholarly output
expressed through qualitative research.
What’s In
Directions: Go to the school library or the internet and find the land area per
sq. meter and number of populations of the country indicated
below.
1. Philippines 6. Rome
2. Japan 7. Thailand
3. China 8. India
Directions: Read the questions analytically and base your answer from
previous activity. On your answer sheet, answer the following
questions.
1. What particular country is the most populated?
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3. What particular country is the smallest when it comes to land area?
What’s New
Activity 3: 3 in 1 Palawan!
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
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Province of Southern Palawan:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Directions: Read and analyze the story below. After reading the
story, answer the following questions.
About a century or two ago, the Pope decided that the Jewish
people had to leave Rome. Naturally, there was a big uproar from the
Jewish community. If the representative won, the Jews could stay. If
the Pope won, the Jews would leave. The Jews realized that they had
no choice. They looked around for a champion who could defend their
faith, but no one wanted to volunteer. It was too risky. So in
desperation, they finally picked an old man named Moishe, who spent
his life sweeping up after people, to represent them. Being old and
poor, he had less to lose, so he agreed. He asked only for one condition
to the debate. Not being used to saying very much as he cleaned up
around the settlement, he asked that neither side be allowed to talk.
The Pope agreed.
The day of the great debate came. Moishe and the Pope sat opposite
each other for a full minute before the Pope raised his hand and
showed three fingers. Moishe looked back at him and raised his index
finger. The Pope waived his hand in a circle around his head. Moishe
pointed to the ground where he sat. The Pope pulled out a communion
wafer and a glass of wine. Moishe pulled an apple. The Pope stood up
and announced. “I give up. This man is too good. The Jews may stay.”
An hour later, the cardinals were all around the Pope asking him what
happened. The Pope said, “First, I held up three fingers to represent
the Trinity. He responded by holding up one finger to remind me that
there was still one God common to both our religions. Then, I waved
my hand around me to show him that God was all around us. He
responded by pointing to the ground, showing that God was also right
here with us, in our midst. I offered the wine and the wafer to show
that God absolves us from our sins. He pulled out an apple to remind
me of original sin. He had an answer for everything. What could I do?”
Meanwhile, the Jewish community had crowded around Moishe,
amazed that this old, somewhat feeble man had done what all their
scholars had insisted was impossible! “What happened?” they asked.
“Well,” said Moishe, “first he said to me that the Jews had three days
to get out of the city. I told him that not one of us was leaving. Then,
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he told me that his whole city must be cleared of Jews! I let him know
that we were stating right here.” “And then?” asked a woman. “I really
don’t know,” said Moishe. “He took out his lunch, so I took mine.”
Learners’ Digest!
Question 2: How is the story connected with the scope and delimitations
of a research study?
What is It
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among Senior High School students, the scope could include both recruitment
strategies and initiation activities in grade 11 and grade 12.
Limitations
Limitations are matters and occurrences that emerge in a research study
which are out of researcher’s control. They limit the extensity to which a study
can go, and sometimes influence the result and conclusions that can be get.
Every inquiry or study no matter how scholarly organized has certain
limitations. Consequently, this is one among reasons why you should not use
the word “prove” and “disprove” in referring to research findings. Furthermore,
it is always possible that future research may cast doubt on the validity of any
hypothesis or conclusion from a study. Your study might have access to only
certain people in an organization certain documents, and certain data. These
are what we call limitations.
Delimitations
The delimitations of the study are those characteristics that emerge from
limitations in the scope of the paper (boundaries) and by conscious
exclusionary and inclusionary decisions made during the development of the
study. Unlike limitations, delimitations result from narrow and particular
choices of a researcher. Among these are the choice of objectives and questions,
variable of interest, the choice of theoretical dimensions that were adopted, the
paradigm, methodology and choice of participants.
What’s More
Directions: As you read the lesson about designing qualitative research project
and learning from it, do this task in your own pace. Below is an
excerpt from “An Analytical Study of the Republic Act 7160,
otherwise known as the Local Government Code of 1991”. The text
indicates the scope and delimitation of the study. Write your answer
on your separate sheet of paper.
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created and the laws and policies implemented during these periods.
In this study, the investigator will explain the main features and
important provisions of the 1991 Local Government Code. It will focus
only on the following aspects of the Local Government code, namely,
on: the local government structure; basic services and facilities of the
local government; interlocal government relations; local government
relations with people’s organization, nongovernmental organizations,
and the appointive officials and legislative bodies. Other aspects of
the code that were not mentioned will not be discussed in this
research. Also the research will compare the 1991 Local Government
Code, with the 1983 Local Government Code using the same
parameters mentioned above. Furthermore, this paper will explain
the weaknesses, problems, and failures of the implementation of the
1991 Local Government Code, particularly on issues related to fiscal
administration, devolution of basic services and facilities, and
inconsistencies in the Code’s provisions.
Guide Questions:
1. The scope of this study is…
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What I Have Learned
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What I Can Do
Title of Research
Author/s
Scope
Delimitation
Assessment
Directions: Read the statement analytically. Write the letter of the correct
answer on your answer sheet.
1. Basically, the of your study sets the parameters and
boundaries of the problem inquiry and narrows the scope of the
study.
a. scope and delimitations c. research findings
b. scope and limitations d. none of the above
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effects of gang involvement among Senior High School students,
the scope could include both recruitment strategies and initiation
activities in grade 11 and grade 12.
a. within the accepted range of your study
b. researcher’ control
c. scope
d. none of above
6. Consequently, this is one among reasons why you should not use
the word “prove” and “disprove” in referring to
.
a. delimitations c. research findings
b. limitations d. none of the above
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questions, variable of interest, the choice of theoretical
dimensions that were adopted, the paradigm, methodology and
choice of participants.
a) Scope c. limitations
b) delimitations d. all of the above
12. This refers to the parameters under which the study will be
operating.
a. Scope of the study
b. Delimitation of the study
c. Limitation of the study
d. None of the above
13. This refers to the matters and occurrences that arise in a study
which are out of the researcher’s control.
a. Scope of the study
b. Delimitations of the study
c. Limitations of the study
d. None of the above
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Lesson Benefits and Beneficiaries of
2 Research
What’s In
1. Your Mother
2. Mobile Phone
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3. Your Studies
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What’s New
During the late 1980s and 1990s, in the far north of Australia in the
community of Yirrkala, North East Arnheim Land, Northern Territory,
the Yolngu indigenous people wanted to change their schools. They
wanted to make their schools more appropriate for Yolngu children.
Mandaywuy Yunupingu, then deputy principal at the school, wrote
about the problem this way:
The Yolngu teachers, together with other teachers and with the help
of their community, began a journey of participatory action research.
Working together, they changed the white man’s world of schooling.
Of course, sometimes there were conflicts and disagreements, but
they worked through them in the Yolngu way – toward consensus.
They had help but no money to conduct their research.
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Their research was not research about schools and schooling in
general; rather, their participatory action research was about how
schooling was done in their schools. As Yunupingu (1999) put it:
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Activity 4: Learners’ Digest!
1. I learn that…
2. I realized that…
What is It
Benefits of Research
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Kinds of Beneficiaries
Primary- beneficiaries, who are critical to either the success of the
project or in moving the project forward, for example project
partners (short term)
Secondary – beneficiaries are not serious to the project but in
order to gain impact in the medium term it would be valuable if
they were aware of any progress.
Tertiary – beneficiaries who are not included in the project but
have the potential for more long term effects, i.e., utilizing the
outputs from the secondary users (like practical products).
What’s More
Directions: Pick at least one (1) among the given research titles and their
abstracts below and explain the importance of conducting the
study to the different stakeholders.
Excerpt 1:
Pampaalert: Security Guard’s Use of Chemicals
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job. However, their effects are temporary and create a greater risk to
the health of the users.
Excerpt 2:
“I WANT TO BE TALL SOMEDAY”: Height Aspirations Among Young
People in the Philippines
When the clock strikes midnight on New Year’s Eve in the Philippines,
many children jump as high as they can, believing (with their parents)
that it would make them grow taller. In my ethnography, I found many
other practices that are believed to boost children’s statures when they
grow up, from sleeping in the afternoon to taking popular growth
supplements that are overtly marketed with claims that it can make
children grow tall(erg).
What aspirations are embedded in the desire for tallness that informs
these practices? I draw from an “ethnography of height” in the city of
Puerto Princesa, Western Philippines to look at different domains in
society where height “matters”, including basketball games and beauty
pageants that privilege tall bodies; jobs that explicitly or implicitly demand
“height requirements”; public nutrition programs that use children’s
heights as an index of both individual and national well-being; and the
everyday lives of the youths with whom I hung out.
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Centennial of Philippine Anthropology” held at National Institute
for Science and Mathematics Education Development (NISMED),
University of the Philippines Dalian, Quezon City, Philippines.
Reprinted with Permission.
Chosen Excerpt:
Significance to the readers:
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What I Can Do
Title of Research
Author/s
Assessment
Test I:
Directions: Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the correct letter on a
separate sheet of paper
1. Learners can develop a sense of legacy and fulfilment for the recognition and
achievement for conducting research.
a. Internal Motivation c. Active learning
b. External Motivation d. Skills Development
2. Learners report that they are always inspired by teachers whom they perceive
to be masters in their field and who transfers learning with excitement and
enthusiasm for the subject.
a. Skills development c. Active learning
b. External motivation d. Internal Motivation
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3. Learners tend to learn most when they are actively involved in improving
their skill set and knowledge.
a. Internal Motivation c. External motivation
b. Active learning d. Skills development
5. Beneficiaries who are critical to either the success of the project or in moving
the project forward, for example project partners (short term).
a. Secondary c. Primary
b. Tertiary d. Skills development
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13. Benefits and beneficiaries of research are expressed in the significance of
the study section of a paper whether in proposal or full-blown research
studies.
14. Every research undertaking poses a question of “What is new?” This
question radically indicates an idea of what is relevant, that is, how a
research can be useful to the community in general.
15. The significance of the study lies in the fact that it can help address or solve
an existing social and political problem and that different sectors will gain
much from the study and explain what each sector will gain from the
research.
Additional Activities
Activity 10: Identifying the Importance of Baranggay Projects based on
research.
1. To you as a citizen
2. To the community