Unit 1 | AMILY LIFE

A. PRONUNCIATION
1 Circle the word which has the stress pattern provided.
1. Oo family housework individual
2. Ooo breadwinner picture women
3. oO contribute benefit divide
4. Ooo laundry homemaker parent
5. ooOo recreation washing finance
6. Oo groceries rubbish childminder
7. oOo responsible important sociable
8. OO critical parenting alike
9. Oo manage require prepare
10. oO routine children exam
2 Circle the two words in each line that have the same underlined sound.
1. breakfast trash create bring
2. cry tree crack breadwinner
3. train trousers break crack
4. trip brown travel crop
5. brush treasure training crane
6. crash trim breath critical
7. brother brain trunk crispy
8. crab brew crocodile traffic
9. crazy trait bridge crowded
10. cream broom track break
3 Practice saying the following sentences with a partner.
1. There was a plane crash, and unfortunately none of the crew members survived.
2. My brother usually has bread and milk for breakfast.
3. Can I pick your brain? This is critical, so I need your help.
4. The train was late, so I took the tram.
5. These tall and shady trees provided a good shelter from the sun during the camping trip.
6. My mother often uses brown sugar for cooking, and for making these crispy crackers.
7. Look at those crocodiles. They need better treatment and care.
8. It was really hectic at the end of the year, crowds of people on trains and buses going out shopping.
9. Ecotourism helps create jobs for local people and this helps boost the country's economy.
10. We'd better treasure these moments since we might not ever have them again.

B. VOCABULARY & GRAMMAR

1 Match each verb with its noun/noun phrase.
1. take out ____________ a. the cat
2. sweep ____________ b. money
3. earn ____________ c. the table
4. share ____________ d. the floor
5. lay ____________ e. the rubbish
6. feed ____________ f. household chores
7. join ____________ g. advice
8. give ____________ h. talents
9. set ____________ i. hands
10. nurture ____________ j. a good example
2 Complete each sentence with the correct word (A or B).
1. I live with my great grandmother, my grandparents, my parents and my sister. We are a(n)
______family.
A. nuclear B. extended
2. In our society, it is expected that young people will______ their elderly parents.
A. take after B. look after
3. My grandmother often helps me with my maths _______. I feel lucky to live with her.
A. homework B. housework
4. We need to give a helping hand to these homeless children since they are _____ in this modern world.
A. vulnerable B. sociable
5. Unlike in other families where the husband is expected to be the ______, in my family, both my
parents share the financial responsibilities.
A. bread maker B. breadwinner
6. My sister hasn't sent her daughter, Sophie, to kindergarten yet. She pays a _____ to take care of
Sophie.
A. childminder B. child giver
7. In today's societies, women's roles have changed, and housework has been _____ between husbands
and wives in families.
A. split B. spent
8. ______ used to be the job of only women, but nowadays, both men and women take care of the family.
A. House providing B. Homemaking
9. Women these days _______ to get married late and delay having children, because they want to
develop a career first.
A. tend B. suppose
10. Being a(n) _______ mom, Jane finds it difficult to provide for her children.
A. single B. only
3 Put in the correct form of the words provided.
1. - Sophie, can you take the rubbish out today?
- No, you're _________for that, aren't you? (RESPONSIBILITY)
2. Equally shared ________ is getting more common in today's families. (PARENT)
3. In some parts of the world, women are not entitled to schooling and instead stay home and do all the
_______. (HOUSE)
4. The government have been trying hard, but they haven't been able to find any ______ to these issues of
inequality and discrimination between men and women in this region. (SOLVE)
5. Mary has a very busy work schedule, but she always _______ time to take her dogs for a walk every
evening. (MANAGEMENT)
6. Linh is quiet and reserved whereas her sister is cheerful and _______ (SOCIETY).
7. Since her _______, we have rarely seen her going out with friends. (MARRY)
8. As a single dad, his father finds it _______ to manage all the household chores and work full time at
times. (DIFFICULTY)
9. Today more women are _______ and hold high positions in societies. (EDUCATION)
10. The ‘_______’ husband as the breadwinner is dying out, as more and more women are
 joining the workforce. (TRADITION)
4 Read the passage and complete each gap with one suitable word beginning with the letter(s)
provided.

You have an identity of your own

Your identity exists outside of being a wife, a daughter and a mother. It is seen that once a woman gets
(1) m_______ or becomes a mother, she totally loses her own
identity and individuality.
Having your own self-identity in this society is very important for your own (2) gr______ and
confidence. Whether it is your personal relationship, association and financial issues, working ladies are
independent to take their own decision.
Working outside home helps ladies to maintain and (3) de______ their sense of self. Women who don't
have their identity may (4) fa______ a tough time letting their kids have their own space.
According to a study, if (5) r______ a child is a woman's only goal in life, everyone suffers including
the child and woman. If you have your self-identity, you feel (6) c______ and satisfied. This confidence
inspires the girls to break stereotypes and (7) ach______ something bigger in life.
(Text adapted from https://content.wisestep.com/top-good-reasons-why-women-should-work/)
5 Complete each sentence with the correct tense of the verb in brackets.
1. My mom cleans the kitchen every time she cooks, and now she ______ just that. (do)
2. There _______ more and more stay-at-home dads these days as the roles of women and men have
shifted. (be)
3. My father ________ the garden at the moment (water). He _______ it every other day. (do)
4. Who does the laundry in your family? Well, each of us _______ care of our own laundry, so we don't
have to do the laundry for everyone. (take)
5. My sister _______ her dress; she's going to her best friend's birthday party. (iron)
6. Tom is watching TV while his brother (sweep) the floor.
7. What's Jim doing? He ______ the cat. (feed)
8. My father always _______ out in the house when he has free time. (help)
9. His Australian professor often _______ that when she can't take care of herself at a later old age, she'll
go to a nursing home instead of bothering her children. (say)
10. Alisha and Jenny ________ to help their parents milk the cows and do the housework
after school. This is their daily routine. (have)
6 Read the texts and fill each blank with one suitable phrase from the box.
are feeling are
are proudly wearing want
are coming is comes
The world is changing and so (1) _______ traditional gender roles for men and women. Mom no
longer must cook up the bacon with two kids hanging onto her apron while Dad (2) _______ at work
earning money to buy the bacon. Today, many Dads (3) ______ the aprons. My thoughts? It's about time.
But it may not be so simple.
It's hard to tell which came first, the chicken or the egg. I think the emergence of the working mother
has been a simultaneous phenomenon when it (4) ______ to the stay-at-home father. Women (5) ______
into their own and want to pursue meaningful careers, and they also (6) ______ to have kids. Dads (7)
_______ more comfortable with the caregiving role, and economics have forced couples to make "non-
traditional" decisions.
 (Text adapted from https://www.forbes.com/sites/nealegodfrey/2017/07/31/the-
stay-at-home-dad-syndrome/#7286a4bcle2c)

fixes does likes takes goes

In addition to his role as dad, which involves school lunches, homework, all pick-ups and drop-offs
and after-school activities, stay-at-home dad Ron (8) _______ on the majority of household
responsibilities as well. “Jon has no problem doing house work," Jen says. “He admits he (9) ______
doing it!"
“He cooks, cleans, (10) ______ grocery shopping, (11) ______ yard work, (12) ______ things,
maintains the cars and just about everything," says Laura of her man.
(Text adapted fromhttps://www.babble.com/relationships/stay-at-home-dads-speak-8-
things-they-want-you-to-know/)
C READING
1 Read the text and choose the person (A, B, or C) who mentions the following.
1. We should encourage everyone to follow and express their own truth. ________
2. Relationship norms are based on our personal values and personality. ________
3. Women still play the traditional roles of the caring provider and nurturer. ________
4. Our upbringing influences how gender is a factor in our home lives. ________
5. The attitudes of the two partners are very important to whom should be the breadwinner. ________
6. There is no need for traditional gender roles because men and women can do many of the same tasks.
________
7. Men are still the head of the household, though undertaking more household chores. ________
8. The roles of women have not changed much in today's society. ________
9. Our circle of friends largely affect how we are viewed in our professional lives. ________
10. Many people struggle to reach their full potential because of gender stereotypes. _______
A Shannon Fisher
It doesn't matter whether the man or the woman is the breadwinner or homemaker; everything is on a
sliding scale based on the attitudes of the two partners. We develop our relationship expectations based on
personal values, earning potential, personality, and logistics. Our upbringing, location, social circle, and
religion all play a part in defining how gender will factor into our home lives. They also play a large role
in how we view and are viewed in our professional lives.
(Text retrieved from https://www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/how-do-traditional- gender-roles-affect-
womens-careers_us_5a0baff4e4b06d8966cf33a2)
B Joy Nash
In many of the modern societies today, there is no need for traditional gender roles, because both men
and women are able to do many of the same necessary tasks, thereby making gender-specific behaviors
irrelevant. These stereotypes can be harmful because they motivate people to condemn and oppress those
who do not fit the traditional gender roles. As a result of this oppression, many people struggle to reach
their full potential. Therefore, it is critical that we encourage everyone to follow and express their own
truth, regardless of gender norms, so that everyone is able contribute fully to our society.
(Text retrieved from http://www.oneworldeducation.org/gender-
roles-modern-society)
C Sophie Crabbe
 Strange as it may seem, the family roles have not changed much in today's society. While girls and
women (not only Polish) have more opportunities in home based employment, the traditional roles of
women are still quite evident. They are still the caring provider and nurturer of young infants and
children, the comforter for the crying child and the feminine presence of the household. While the
husband's role has diversified into more household chores and the cooking and cleaning up
responsibilities, they are still considered the head of the household.
(Text adapted from https://polishmarriage.org/stories/women-society.html)

2 Read the text and decide whether each statement below is true (T) or false (F). Write T or F in
the blank.
Despite women's advancements, substantial inequalities remain. Although an increasing number of
women are either the sole breadwinner for their family or share the role with their partners, women in the
United States are paid only 77 cents for every dollar a man makes. The pay gap is even larger for women
of color. On average, African American women make 64 cents for every dollar that white men make.
While 2012 was a watershed year for women in terms of getting elected to public office, women still
comprise only 18.1 percent of Congress, despite making up more than half of the U.S. population. They
also face challenges on health issues, as 2012 saw continued conservative efforts to erode women's ability
to make their own decisions about their health and well-being.
A deeper examination shows that disparities for women also exist among states. Women in Vermont,
for example, make on average close to 85 cents for every dollar a man makes, while women in Wyoming
make only 64 cents - more than 25 percent less than women in Vermont. On leadership, 15 states have no
female elected leaders in the House of Representatives or the Senate. Lastly, while less than 10 percent of
women in Vermont, Wisconsin, Hawaii, and Massachusetts are uninsured, nearly 25 percent of women in
Texas do not have health insurance.
(Text adapted from https://www.americanprogress.org/issues/women/reports
/2013/09/25/74836/the-state-of-women-in-america/)
1. More and more women have become the sole breadwinner of the family. ________
2. In the US women are paid more than men. ________
3. Women of color are paid 64 % of white women's salary. ________
4. Women represent under one-fifth of the Congress in the US. ______
5. Women are paid at similar rates across states in the US. ________
6. The percentage of women without health insurance in Texas is higher than that in Hawaii._______
7. Fifteen per cent of the US states don't have female elected leaders. ________
8. Women in Vermont earn more than women in Wyoming. ________
3 Read the passage and choose the best answer (A, B, C, or D).
For working parents in the U.S., the challenge of juggling careers and family life continues to be a
front-burner issue - one that is being recognized by a growing number of employers who have adopted
family-friendly policies such as paid leave. But while few Americans want to see a return to traditional
roles of women at home and men in the workplace, one reality persists: Women most often are the ones
who adjust their schedules and make compromises when the needs of children and other family members
collide with work, Pew Research Center data show.
In a 2013 survey, we found that mothers were much more likely than fathers to report experiencing
significant career interruptions in order to attend to their families' needs. Part of this is due to the fact that
gender roles are lagging behind labor force trends. While women represent nearly half of the U.S.
workforce, they still devote more time than menon average to housework and child care and fewer hours
of paid work, although the gap has narrowed significantly over time. Among working parents of children
younger than 18, mothers in 2013 spent an average of 14.2 hours per week on housework, compared with
fathers' 8.6 hours. And mothers spent 10.7 hours per week actively engaged in child care, compared with
fathers' 7.2 hours.
Another factor is the way that society views the bond between mothers and their children. In a 2012
Pew Research survey, the vast majority of Americans (79%) rejected the notion that women should
return to their traditional role in society. Yet when they were asked what is best for young children, very
few adults (16%) said that having a mother who works full time is the “ideal situation.'' Some 42% said
that having a mother who works part time is ideal and 33% said what's best for young children is to have
a mother who doesn't work at all. Even among full-time working moms, only about one-in-five (22%)
said that having a full-time working mother is ideal for young children.
(Text adapted from http://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2015/10/01/women-
more-than-men-adjust-their-careers-for-family-life/)
1. According to paragraph 1, paid leave ________.
A. is a burning issue associated with the tension between career development and family life.
B. an effective solution to the tension between career development and family life.
C. is a family-friendly policy in response to the juggle between career development and family life.
D. is an issue that needs the attention of working mothers
2. Which of the following is true?
A. Men often need to adjust their career needs to take care of the family.
B. Men choose to be stay at home dads to take care of the family.
C. Most often it's women who adjust their careers for family life.
D. Traditional roles of men and women have changed, so women have focused on their careers without
any compromises.
3. The word 'their' in paragraph 2 refers to________.
A. fathers B. mothers C. interruptions D. Needs
4. The word 'narrowed' closely means _________.
A. become bigger B. become more important
C. become smaller D. become observable
5. In paragraph 3, how many per cent of adults agreed that it's ideal to have a mother who works part-
time?
A. 22% B. 16% C. 33% D. 42%
6. How many hours did women spend on doing housework per week according to a survey in 2013?
A. 7.2 hours B. 10.7 hours C. 8.6 hours D. 14.2 hours
7. Which of the following is NOT true?
A. Women make up 50% of the US workforce.
B. Women have more hours of paid work than men.
C. Women spend more hours on housework than men.
D. Women spend more hours on child care than men.
8. According to the passage, which of the following is a finding of the survey?
A. A majority agreed that women should stay at home and take care of the family.
B. Two third said that men should take care of the family for women to work full time.
C. A majority disagreed that women should return to their traditional role in society.
D. All mothers working full-time said it's not good for moms to work full time.
9. The word 'rejected' most closely means _________.
 A. supported B. mentioned C. refused D. Shared
10. The survey in paragraph 3 addresses which of the following?
A. bond between mothers and their young children
B. bond between mothers and fathers
C. bond between mothers and work-related issues
D. bond between mothers and social roles
4 Read the text and fill in each gap with one suitable word from the box.

take achieved own eliminate as well as

barriers leave underlies partners discriminatory

Equal rights. Equal contributions

Gender equality, centered in human rights, is both a development goal on its (1) ______ and a critical
factor for achieving sustainable development. It (2) ______ one of the guiding principles of the 2030
Agenda for Development - the concept of ’leaving no one behind’.
UNDP supports partners to (3) ______ gender inequalities through targeted, gender-focused
programmes and by working to ensure that all development efforts (4) ______ into account the
experiences, needs, and contributions of women. By removing structural (5) ______ to gender equality
and promoting women's participation in the decisions that affect their lives, success in eradicating poverty
and inequality, building resilience to disasters, climate change and conflict, and driving sustainable
development can be (6) ______.
UNDP believes that the gender inequalities and (7) ______ attitudes and practices that hold women
back, must be confronted and eliminated, if we are to (8) ______ no one behind. In these efforts, UNDP
works with governments and key UN (9) ______, including UN Women, UNFPA and UNICEF, (10)
______ with civil society organizations, foundations, academia and the private sector.
(Text adapted from http://www.undp.org/content/undp/en/home/gender-equality.html)
D WRITING
1 Write complete sentences using the cues provided.
1. A: Do you do any exercise at all?
B: Yes. I/jog/every day.
_____________________________________________________
2. A: What time/the opera/start/tonight?
B: Eight o'clock. I think.
_____________________________________________________
3. A: The weather is so beautiful!
B: Yeah. Wonderful. The sun/shine/and/the birds/sing.
_____________________________________________________
4. A: I haven't seen Mike reading in his chair as usual.
B: He/wash/his car/in the garden.
_____________________________________________________
5. A: You'd better keep away from me.
B: Why?
A: I/have/nasty flu.
_____________________________________________________
6. A: Who/usually/do/the housework/your family?
_____________________________________________________
B: My mother/do.
_____________________________________________________
7. A: Women/should/have/equal access/career development/men.
_____________________________________________________
B: You're right.
8. A: Jane usually/read/books for one hour/every day.
_____________________________________________________
B: That's amazing. I can't do that.
9. A: It/really stressful/my mother/handle all the household chores/herself.
_____________________________________________________
B: My mother/find/it/hard/do so/too.
_____________________________________________________
10. A: My father/always/help out/in the house/whenever/he/have/time.
_____________________________________________________
B: That's helpful. My father/rarely/do/housework.
_____________________________________________________
2 To what extent do you agree or disagree with the following statement?
Men, not women, should be the breadwinner of the family.
Write a paragraph in about 150 words.
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
 Unit 2| YOUR BODY AND YOU
A PRONUNCIATION
1 Check () the sound for the underlined part in each word.
1. pressure /gl/ /pr/ /gr/ /pl/
2. grammar /gl/ /pr/ /gr/ /pl/
3. plough /gl/ /pr/ /gr/ /pl/
4. pleasure /gl/ /pr/ /gr/ /pl/
5. praise /gl/ /pr/ /gr/ /pl/
6. grateful /gl/ /pr/ /gr/ /pl/
7. kilogram /gl/ /pr/ /gr/ /pl/
8. plate /g1/ /pr/ /gr/ /pl/
9. glance /gl/ /pr/ /gr/ /pl/
10. primary /gl/ /pr/ /gr/ /pl/
2 Circle the word (A, B, C, or D) which has a different sound.
1. A. glory B. glad C. glance D. group
2. A. plumber B. present C. prompt D. practice
3. A. great B. green C. glass D. grow
4. A. pronounce B. plain C. protein D. proud
5. A. Greece B. graduate C. glue D. grandfather
6. A. protect B. plough C. play D. plight
7. A. grapes B. precious C. president D. represent
8. A. groceries B. group C. glow D. grateful
9. A. press B. professor C. pleased D. prone
10. A. glare B. grain C. globe D. gloves
3 Practice saying the following sentences with a partner.
1. These professors are running a program about professional development.
2. The process of making those products is complex and it needs a lot of group work.
3. I'm grateful to Jenny for her teaching me French grammar and pronunciation.
4. She greeted me with a warm smile that always pleases me.
5. His parents gave him a nice present because he got good grades in his exams.
6. I was extremely sorry for breaking her green glasses.
7. Mr Black delivered a wonderful presentation on how to play the piano.
8. I don't think we can help because it's her private problem.
9. I really like her lessons, especially groupwork projects that provide us with a precious opportunity to
explore steel factories.
10. Global warming is a burning issue today that needs the attention of every human individual to protect
our planet.

B VOCABULARY & GRAMMAR

1 Match the words with the pictures.

intestine spine lungs stomach brain

skull heart bones kidneys skeleton
 1. _____________ 2. _____________

3. _____________ 4. _____________

5. _____________ 6. _____________

7. _____________ 8. _____________

9. _____________ 10. _____________

2 Which body system does each of the following describe? Write the name of the system. The first
letter has been provided.
1. Allows gas exchange between cells and the environment. Includes trachea and lungs. R ___________
2. Moves materials between body systems, including oxygen, nutrients, hormones, and waste products.
Includes the heart, arteries, and veins. C___________
3. Allows the body to move on command. S___________
4. Allows perception, emotion, thought, and rapid response to the environment. Includes brain and
nerves. N___________
5. Ingests food and breaks it down into usable nutrients. Excretes solid waste products. Includes the
mouth, esophagus, stomach, and intestines. D___________
(Text adapted from https://biologydictionary.net/body-systems/)
3 Provide a(n) synonym or antonym as required of each word/phrase below.
1. proof ____________________ (synonym)
2. disease ____________________ (synonym)
3. comfort ____________________ (antonym)
4. enhance ____________________ (synonym)
5. healthy ____________________ (antonym)
6. safe ____________________ (antonym)
7. yin ____________________ (antonym)
8. convert ____________________ (synonym)
9. simple ____________________ (antonym)
10. increase ____________________ (antonym)
11. lose weight ____________________ (antonym)
12. breathe in ____________________ (antonym)
13. originate ____________________ (synonym)
14. precautions ____________________ (synonym)
15. alternative ____________________ (synonym)
4 Complete each gap with the correct form of the word in brackets.
The ________ (1. DIGEST) system breaks down food into simple substances for the body cells to use.
These substances are ________ (2. ABSORB) into the bloodstream and waste matter is passed out of the
body as urine or faeces. Cells need oxygen to break down and release ________ (3. ENERGETIC) in
food. The oxygen is taken into the body through the ________ (4. RESPIRATION) system-the nose,
windpipe, or trachea, and two lungs. You take in oxygen from the air when you breathe in and release
waste carbon dioxide when you breathe out.
(Text adapted from Visual Fact Finder by the Kingfisher, p.236)

Diet is one of the most important factors in maintaining good overall health. Eating a ________ (5.
BALANCE) diet rich in fruits, vegetables, lean proteins, healthy fats, whole grains, nuts and legumes
provides you with the nutrients required for optimal energy levels, a strong immune system and healthy
internal organs. In addition, ________ (6. CONSUME) the right foods can help protect you from many
of the most common chronic diseases, including heart disease, stroke and Type 2 diabetes, as well as
________ (7. OBESE), which is a major risk factor for disease.
(Text adapted from https://www.livestrong.com/article/264268-the- disadvantages-of-not-having-a-
proper-balanced-diet)/)

Humor, smile and laughter can facilitate communication between employees and managers. They can
create a ________work (8. FRIEND) environment where tasks are carried out effectively. Laughing at
work combats stress and________ (9. PROMOTE) the relaxation of employees. The good mood and
relaxation promoted by the laughter and good humor can increase efficiency and
________(10.PRODUCE). It must be stressed however that the jokes and other forms of humor should
never offend anyone.
(Text adapted from http://www.manageyourlifenow.com/the-
importance-of-laughter-in-our-life/)

5 Read the text and fill each blank with one suitable word from the box.

widely absorbed healing well-being variety alternative

 What is Aromatherapy?
Aromatherapy is the practice of using the natural oils extracted from flowers, bark, stems, leaves, roots
or other parts of a plant to enhance psychological and physical (1) ________.
The inhaled aroma from these "essential" oils is (2) ________ believed to stimulate brain function.
Essential oils can also be (3) ________ through the skin, where they travel through the bloodstream and
can promote whole-body healing.
A form of (4) ________ medicine, aromatherapy is gaining momentum. It is used for a (5) ________
of applications, including pain relief, mood enhancement and increased cognitive function.
There are a wide number of essential oils available, each with its own (6) ________ properties.
(Text adapted from http://www.aromatherapy.com/)
6 Match up the questions and answers. Write the letter (a-j) in the space provided.
1. Why are you turning on the TV? ________
2. Oh, I just realised I left my glasses in the office. I can't read now. ________
3. Did you send the invitation to Mr Moore? ________
4. Has Jimmy decided to do his undergraduate degree in Miami? ________
5. I feel terrible. I'm going to be sick. ________
6. Don't worry about your project. I'm sure you'll be able to complete it on time. ________
7. Let's take Lucy out for a lunch picnic on her birthday. ________
8. Laura and Jack have decided to go camping this weekend. We're going to shop for some foods today.
________
9. Gin has got a maximum score for her SAT paper. ________
10. Minh has moved to his new house. ________
a. I hope so.
b. I'll get some medicine for you.
c. I'm sorry I forgot. I'll do it now.
d. I'm going to watch the news.
e. I'll lend you mine.
f. Yes, everything is ready. He's going to do an accounting course there.
g. Oh, really? I didn't know. I'll phone and congratulate her.
h. That's a great idea. I'll ask Mom to come along.
i. Yes, I know. I'm going to visit him tomorrow.
j. Can I join you?
7 Circle the correct answer (A, B, or C).
1. - Would you like a cup of tea?
- That would be nice.
- OK. ________you one.
A. I make B. I will make C. I am making
2. I don't think she ________ her feelings with you. She's a reserved person.
A. shares B. will share C. is sharing
3. Have you made any plans for Tet? - Yes, ________ to Dalat for three days.
A. we will go B. we go C. we're going
4. We'll start when he ________ ready.
A. will be B. is C. will be
5. Look at those big clouds!________ soon.
A. It's going to rain B. It rains C. It shall rain
6. Don't worry. I'm sure you ________ your exam.
A. will pass B. are passing C. pass
7. It's a bit cold here. ________ the window for me? -Certainly.
A. Will you close B. Are you going to close C. Do you close
8. Sorry, I can't stop now. ________ to an important appointment.
A. Igo B. I'm going C. I will go
9. Regardless of the final score, I'm sure this ________ an exciting game.
A. will be B. is going to be C. A or B
10. 'I'm very tired.'- 'Just take a rest and ________ tonight for you.'
A. I cook B. I was cooking C. I'll cook
11. 'Hello, Student Learning Support? I have some problems with my writing.'
'Yes. Bring it over and ________ a look for you.'
A. I'll have B. I'm having C. I have
12. Successful applicants ________ by telephone.
A. are going to be notify B. will be notified C. are notified
13. 'Potatoes or rice?' -'________ potatoes, please.'
A. I'm having B. I'm going to have C. I'll have
14. 'I haven't got the materials yet.'
'________ them to you this afternoon.'
A. I'll email B. I am going to email C. I email
15. Some people believe that someday computers ________ humans altogether, but I don't
in the slightest.
A. is replacing B. will replace C. replace
16. ‘I think I'm going to miss my bus.'
'________ you to work if you like.'
A. I'll drive B. I am driving C. I am going to drive
17. 'Let's go to the museum, shall we?'
'Yes, good idea. I expect ________ it.'
A. we'll enjoy B. we enjoy C. we're enjoying
18. 'Why are you cooking so much food?'
'________ guests to come to our place.'
A. We'll expect B. We expect C. We're expecting
19. 'We need some milk for breakfast tomorrow.'
'Do we? ________ to the convenience store and get some.'
A. I'll walk B. I'm walking C. I walk
20. Do you think Jane will win? Sure ________.
A. she is B. she will C. is going

C READING
1 Read the texts below about fruits and choose the fruit (A-F) which
1. is low in both carbs and calories. ___________
2. is a perfect snack. ___________
3. is high in vitamin C, fiber and antioxidants. ___________
4. is a good source of potassium, vitamin B6 and fiber. ___________
5. is rich in vitamin C, fiber and manganese. ___________
6. is rich in healthy fats. ___________
7. is delicious and very rich in antioxidants. ___________
8. is creamy and tasty. ___________

A. Apples
The apple is high in fiber, vitamin C and numerous antioxidants. Apples are very fulfilling, and perfect
as snacks if you find yourself hungry between meals.

B. Avocados
Avocados are different than most fruits, because they are loaded with healthy fats instead of carbs.
They are creamy, tasty and high in fiber, potassium and vitamin C.

C. Bananas
Bananas are among the world's best sources of potassium. They are also high in vitamin B6 and fiber.
Bananas are ridiculously convenient and portable.

D. Blueberries
Blueberries are not only delicious, but also among the most powerful sources of antioxidants in the
world.

E. Oranges
Oranges are well known for their vitamin C content. They are also high in fiber, antioxidants and taste
incredible.
 F. Strawberries
Strawberries are highly nutritious, and are low in both carbs and calories.

They are loaded with vitamin C, fiber and manganese, and are arguably among the most delicious
foods in existence.
(Texts adapted from https://www.healthline.eom/nutrition/50-super-healthy-foods#sectionl)
2 Read the texts and insert the phrases/sentences (A-D) where appropriate.
A. Different areas of the tongue respond to different tastes.
B. and the receptors send messages to the brain to identify the smell.
C. The fingertips and lips are among the most sensitive parts of the human body.
D. It operates in five ways
TOUCH
Touch is a vital sense, because it helps to protect the body from damage. (1) ________, sensing pressure,
heat, cold, touch, and pain. Receptors are grouped in the dermis layer of the skin and pass signals to the
brain along nerves (2) ________.
SMELL
Inside the nose are smell receptors. Each has minute hairs covered with sticky mucus. Scent particles
dissolve in the mucus, (3) ________.
TASTE
Taste buds (receptor cells in the tongue) are sensitive to four basic tastes: bitter, sweet, sour and salt. (4)
________. Taste and smell work closely together.
(Text adapted from Visual Fact Finder by Kingfisher, p.233)
3 Read the text and decide whether each statement is true (T), false (F) or not given (NG). Write T,
F or NG in the space provided.
A Better Body Image
Yoga develops inner awareness. It focuses your attention on your body's abilities at the present
moment. It helps develop breath and strength of mind and body. It’s not about physical appearance.
Yoga studios typically don’t have mirrors. This is so people can focus their awareness inward rather
than how a pose - or the people around them - looks. Surveys have found that those who practiced yoga
were more aware of their bodies than people who didn't practice yoga. They were also more satisfied with
and less critical of their bodies. For these reasons, yoga has become an integral part in the treatment of
eating disorders and programs that promote positive body image and self-esteem.
(Text retrieved from https://www.health.harvard.edu/staying-healthy/yoga-benefits-beyond-
the-mat)
1. Yoga is all about your physical look. ________
2. Yoga studios typically don't have mirrors so that people can focus their awareness inward. ________
3. People who practiced yoga was more happy with their bodies than those who didn't. ________
4. By practicing yoga, people will attend more to their look. ________
5. Yoga is less useful for your breath than your mind. ________
6. Yoga plays an important part in treating eating disorders. ________
7. Yoga helps you become more aware of your abilities in the future. ________
8. You need to pay attention to how people around you look during yoga practice. ________
4 Read Facts about blood and Facts about bones and muscles, and answer the questions.
Facts about blood
 There are four groups of blood: A, B, AB, and O. Someone who is given a
blood transfusion must be given blood that matches their own type.
 One microlitre (millionth of a litre) of blood normally contains up to six
million red blood cells, up to 10,000 white blood cells and as many as 500,000 platelets.
(Text from Visual Fact Finder by Kingfisher, p.234)
Facts about bones and muscles
 Bones keep our bodies healthy. The cells of bone marrow produce new blood
cells and release them into the bloodstream.
 Muscles make up about 40 percent of a person's body weight.
 When you walk, your body calls over 200 different muscles into use.
 Muscles produce heat when they use energy; this is why people become
warm when they exercise.
(Texts from Visual Fact Finder by Kingfisher, p.231)
1. How many groups of blood are there? What are they?
_______________________________________________________
2. What type of blood do you need to receive a blood transfusion?
_______________________________________________________
3. How many red blood cells does one microlitre of blood contain? How many white blood cells?
_______________________________________________________
4. What produces new blood cells?
_______________________________________________________
5. Why do people become warm when they exercise?
_______________________________________________________
6. How many percent of a person's weight do muscles represent?
_______________________________________________________
7. How many muscles are called into use when you walk?
_______________________________________________________

D WRITING
1 Rewrite the sentences below. Keep the meaning the same.
1. Will you type this for me?
Could _______________________________________________________?
2. 'I'll take you to the airport tomorrow/ Anna said.
Anna offered _________________________________________________.
3. They have already decided to do a Japanese course next month.
They are _____________________________________________________.
4. I have decided to wear a vintage dress to the alumni party.
I am ________________________________________________________.
5. Yoga is getting more and more popular among women today.
Women are becoming __________________________________________.
2 Write complete sentences using the cues provided.
1. Eat/ balanced diet/ different foods/ help/ fight off/ diseases
 _____________________________________________________________
2. Acupuncture/ alternative/ modern medicine/ treatment/ certain ailments
_____________________________________________________________
3. you/ should/ drink/ a lot/ water/keep/ body/dehydration
_____________________________________________________________
4. Drink/warm milk/before bedtime/help/you/fall/sleep/more easily
_____________________________________________________________
5. Kick/ bad habit/ not/ always easy.
_____________________________________________________________
6. Infection/ occur/ because/ they/ fail/ take/ necessary precautions
_____________________________________________________________
7. Our heart/ beat/ faster/ when/ we/ exercise/ because/ our muscles/ use/ more oxygen
_____________________________________________________________
8. Eat/ right foods/ and/ do/ regular exercise/ keep/ us/ healthy
_____________________________________________________________
9. There/ be/ about/ 50 million cells/ in/ body/ and/ 100,000 km/ blood vessels
_____________________________________________________________
10. The liver/ be/ large gland/ which/ process/ amino acids/ and/ store/ vitamins and glycogen
_____________________________________________________________
3. Write a paragraph that begins with the following sentence.
Here are some ways I exercise that have helped me a lot physically and mentally.
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
 Unit 3 | MUSIC
A PRONUNCIATION
1 Which syllable in each word receives the primary stress? Circle the correct option.
1. contestant 1st 2nd 3rd
2. idol 1st 2nd 3rd
3. competition 1st 2nd 3rd
4. audition 1st 2nd 3rd
5. composers 1st 2nd 3rd
6. final 1st 2nd 3rd
7. entertain 1st 2nd 3rd
8. superstar 1st 2nd 3rd
9. performance 1st 2nd 3rd
10. recorded 1st 2nd 3rd
2 Circle the word at column A or B which has the same underlined sound as the provided one.

A B
1. talent test moment
2. best present rest
3. passionate fortunate biography
4. communicate invent concentrate
5. protest conquest debate
6. late parade nominate
7. present different arrest
8. entertainment eliminate development
9. educate create instrument
10. nest chest advertisement
3 Practice saying the following sentences aloud.
1. The president supported the advertisement programmes to a great extent.
2. Music is a good way of entertainment and I particularly enjoy watching contestants coming for their
auditions.
3. Fortunately, she came second in the singing contest and got a nice present from his parents.
4. We debated and communicated our personal views on how to handle climate change and protect the
environment.
5. My sister is crazy about the Voice, and she is usually very emotional when contestants got eliminated
from the show.
6. Jane can play several instruments and is very passionate about street music that brings joy to people
walking by.
7. The young educated man was nominated for an Academy Award for his theoretical development of a
new piece of life supporting equipment.
8. This is the best moment of his life as a biography writer and singer.
9. Don't be late for the contest; remember you need to be in the choir.
10. The film was nominated for Best Director at the Academy Awards.

B VOCABULARY & GRAMMAR

1. Circle the word (a or b) which has the meaning provided.
1. a person or thing that is greatly admired, or loved
a. idol b. famous
2. being next to the last in an elimination competition
a. semi-final b. final
3. first appearance
a. debut b. album
4. a talented star who has great public appeal
a. composer b. superstar
5. a performance in which the performer has no partner or associate.
a. duet b. solo
6. a person who is on a competition panel and gives comments on candidates' performances
a. judge b. fan
7. a person who comes in for a competition
a. candidate b. finalist
8. removed from a competition
a. eliminated b. selected
9. words of a song
a. melody b. lyrics
10. people who watch TV programs
a. vocalists b. viewers
2 Complete each gap with one word from the box.

judges semi-final final auditioning

season winner Top

Caleb Perry Johnson (born April 23,1991) is an American singer who won the thirteenth season of
American Idol.
Johnson auditioned for American Idol three times in four years. He first
auditioned for the tenth (1) ________ of American Idol in 2011. He was
put through to Hollywood Week and was in a Hollywood group with
James Durbin. In 2012, Johnson auditioned for the eleventh season and
made it to the (2) ________ 42. He had difficulties in his performance of
"Old Time Rock and Roll" and was cut at the Top 24 selection. He took
the following year off from (3) ________ to improve on his stage
presence.
Johnson auditioned again in 2014 for the thirteenth season and made it to the top 20. In the (4) ________
round, he was voted by America into the top five male contestants, giving him a spot in the season's top
13. Johnson got positive feedback from the (5) ________ every week, had strong performances, and
became the only finalistin the season to never land in the bottom 3 prior to reaching the finale. That
season, Johnson was declared the (6) ________ .
(Text adapted from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caleb_Johnson)
singer won released debut

Susan Boyle received global attention when a video of her singing the Les Miserables song "I
Dreamed A Dream" on the TV show "Britain's Got Talent" hit. She (7) ________ second place on
"Britain's Got Talent" in 2009 and has (8) ________ four albums, with
her most recent,
titled "Standing Ovation: The Greatest Songs from the Stage," having
been released November, 2012.
Boyle's (9) ________ album, "I Dreamed A Dream," became the
fastest-selling album of all time in Britain. The (10) ________
published an autobiography titled "The Woman I Was Born To Be" in
2010 and a musical, titled "I Dreamed A Dream," was created based on the book.
(Text adapted from https://www.csmonitor.com/The-Culture/Culture-
Cafe/2013/0701/Susan-Boyle-Her-first-solo-concert-tour-has-almost-sold-out)

3 Complete each gap with the correct form of the word in brackets.
1. Trinh Cong Son, a renowned Vietnamese ________ (COMPOSE), died at the age of 62, leaving a
legacy of hundreds of love songs and songs of other genres.
2. Adam Levine, the lead singer of the band Maroon 5, has been very ________ (SUCCESS) with his
several chart-topping hits and gold and platinum albums.
3. I really enjoy watching Simon Cowell making comments as a judge on Britain's Got Talent and the X
factor. He is one the most ________ (POWER) figures in British culture.
4. Jim cannot ever imagine living without music in his life. For him, music is not only an ________
(INSPIRE) but also a therapy.
5. Happy by Pharrell Williams has always been my favourite and given me good ________
(HOPEFUL) and energy.
6. Greta Gerwig became the fifth woman filmmaker to be ________ (NOMINATE) for Best Director for
Lady Bird at the 90th Academy Awards.
7. ‘Tinh Ca’ by Pham Duy is noted for its beautiful lyrics and melody that show the author's deep
________ (PATRIOT) love for the country.
8. My grandmother had always wanted to watch Khanh Ly ________ (PERFORMANCE) live once, but
she could never afford to.
9. Wolfgang Mozart, a gifted Austrian composer and pianist, has been considered one of the most
________ (INFLUENCE) figures in shaping classical music with his many masterpieces of operas,
concertos, symphonies and sonatas.
10. Crowds of young fans turned out onto the street to welcome the Korean ________ (SING). They were
crazy about him as a phenomenon in modern music.
4 Choose the best answer (A, B, C or D) to complete each sentence.
1. Mike listens to music every day, _______ he doesn't know how to sing.
A. if B. in case C. or D. but
2. She shut down the computer _______ went out of the room.
A. and B. but C. or D. therefore
3. The music shop opens at ten o'clock everyday _______ Sunday.
A. except B. although C. or D. and
4. We didn't go to Sydney for his live show. We went to Melbourne _______ for his next.
A. also B. but also C. instead D. instead of
5. Jaimie was not confident, _______ he managed to sing the song quite well.
A. but B. even though C. and D. or
6. I adore Amanda Holden for her beauty _______ verbal ability.
 A. so B. addition C. and D. moreover
7. Alicia Keys is adorable _______ she knows how to give individualised comments that win the heart of
the contestants
A. that B. likewise C. but D. for
8. Mark signed up but he hasn't had his auditions _______.
A. however B. as C. also D. yet
9. He was watching the program attentively _______ Keith Urban, his favourite, was performing live.
A. if B. in case C. but D. for
10. Olivia booked a babysitter _______ she could go out for the concert.
A. so that B. but C. or D. hence
11. It was touching, _______ I can't wait to see him perform again.
A. and B. or C. so D. however
12. Internet is a very fast _______ convenient way for us to get information.
A. and B. or C. therefore D. but
13. It can be black, dark blue _______ gray. Any of these colours is ok.
A. or B. but C. however D. so
14. Mr Oak danced at the party _______ his legs still hurt.
A. in spite of B. despite C. because D. even though
15. He is going to have a quick dinner _______ go to the gala.
A. or B. however C. and D. but
5 Choose the one word or phrase (A, B, or C) that is not appropriate.
1. My sister always advises me watching Amercian movies to learn English. That was how she learnt it.
A B C D
2. The dress is too long for her wearing even with high heels.
A B C D
3. It’s too cold for me go out at this time, so I'm sorry I can't get the magazine for you now.
A B C D
4. Jimmy couldn't afford buying all of the band's latest CDs. He said he would work hard to earn money.
A B C D

5. Both Adam or Blake are my favourite because they are talented and complement each other
A B C
on the show.
D
6. I regret saving that I won't be able to come to your presentation on Wednesday. I have
A B C
a meeting at the Engineering school.
D
7. His mom said she was either proud and nervous when he was delivering his first audition.
A B C D
8. Contact Mr lerkins as soon as you can. You could either write to her and give her a call
A B C D
9. It took him ages to finish all the maths assignments. He's slow and hard- working.
A B C D
10 - Could you help me carried these bags upstairs? - No problem.
A B C D
11. MrsGiao often makes her two children studying for three hours every night before going to bed.
A B C D

12. Did you remember getting some carrots for me? I need them for our soup tonight.
A B C D
13. Listening to music is relaxing, so I often spend some time every day
A B
listening to either pop and folk songs.
C D
14. It's dangerous to walk on this street late at night. You might to get attacked by robbers.
A B C D
15. I haven't heard from him for months, but I get a bit worried.
A B C D
C READING
1 Read the paragraphs and write the main idea (A-D) in the provided space.
A. MUSIC BRINGS PEOPLE TOGETHER.
B. MUSIC IS THE KEY TO CREATIVITY.
C. MUSIC IS THE LANGUAGE OF THE UNIVERSE.
D. MUSIC HAS EDUCATIONAL VALUE.
1. ________________
Music fuels the mind and thus fuels our creativity. A creative mind has the ability to make discoveries
and create innovations. The greatest minds and thinkers like Albert Einstein, Mozart, and Frank Lloyd
Wright all had something in common in that they were constantly exploring their imagination and
creativity.
2. ________________
Music can be very engaging in the classroom and is a great tool for memorization. Music also teaches us
self discipline and time management skills that you cannot get anywhere else. When you study an
instrument on a regular basis you work on concrete ideas and take small steps to achieve larger goals.
This way of thinking organizes the wiring in your brain to start looking at Learning in a new light.
3. ________________
Music is universal in that there are no boundaries to understanding music. Even animals like Birds, Dogs,
and Whales can understand music to a certain degree.lt transcends all boundaries of communication
because you can speak and tell stories to someone on the other side of the planet, even though you both
don't speak the same language.
4. ________________
What is amazing about music is that it is imbedded within all of us. Everyone can understand it and feel
something if they open themselves up. Playing music with other musicians is an incredible feeling. Some
people describe it as rowing down a river together. There is a certain type of connection that comes when
you make music in a group. The same is true for those who are listening to music in a group and
interacting with music through Dance.
(Texts adapted from http://www.pianoaround.com/the-importance-
of-music-in-your-life/)
2 Read the text and complete the summary.
 The Voice is an American reality television singing competition broadcast on NBC. Based on the
original The Voice of Holland, the concept of the series is to find currently unsigned singing talent (solo
or duets, professional and amateur) contested by aspiring singers, age 15 or over (reduced to 13 since
season 12), drawn from public auditions. The winner is determined by television viewers voting by
telephone, internet, SMS text, and iTunes Store purchases of the audio-recorded artists' vocal
performances. They receive US$100,000 and a record deal with Universal Music Group for winning the
competition.
The series employs a panel of four coaches who critique the artists' performances and guide their teams
of selected artists through the remainder of the season. They also compete to ensure that their act wins the
competition, thus making them the winning coach. Members of the coaching panel include Adam Levine,
Blake Shelton, Christina Aguilera (seasons 1-3, 5, 8, 10), CeeLo Green (seasons 1-3, and 5), Shakira
(seasons 4 and 6), Usher (seasons 4 and 6), Gwen Stefani (seasons 7, 9, and 12), Pharrell Williams
(seasons 7-10), Miley Cyrus (seasons 11 and 13), Alicia Keys (seasons 11-12, and 14), Jennifer Hudson
(season 13), and Kelly Clarkson (season 14). Adam Levine and Blake Shelton returned as coaches every
season.
(Text adapted from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Voice_(U.S._TV_series)#Season_l)

The Voice
American reality television singing competition
Aims to find singing talent: solo, 1. ________________
By contestants aged 2. ________________
Winner determined by 3. ________________ voting by 4. ________________
5. receive ________________ and ________________
Coaches critique artists' performance 6. ________________
compete for 7. ________________
Season 1: Adam Levine, Blake Shelton, Christina Aguilera, CeeLo Green
Season 2: 8. __________________________________________________________
Season 3: 9. __________________________________________________________
Season 4:10. __________________________________________________________
Season 5:11. __________________________________________________________
Season 6:12. __________________________________________________________
Season 7:13. __________________________________________________________
Season 8:14. __________________________________________________________
Season 9:15. __________________________________________________________
Season 10:16. _________________________________________________________
Season 11: 17. _________________________________________________________
Season 12:18. _________________________________________________________
Season 13:19. _________________________________________________________
Season 14: 20. _________________________________________________________
3 Read the text and choose the best answer (A, B, or C) to each question.
ITV stands by The X Factor despite lowest ever viewing figures
Show is falling short of former glories and Strictly Come Dancing, but bosses are pleased with its appeal
to younger viewers
ITV is standing by The X Factor despite the current series of the singing competition delivering its
lowest ever viewing figures.
Bosses at ITV and Simon Cowell, whose entertainment company
Syco is behind The X Factor, are understood to be pleased with
the number of younger viewers that the show has attracted and
the impact the acts have had in the iTunes download chart.
ITV and Syco are only in the first year of a three-year contract to
broadcast The X Factor. The show has already started advertising
next year's auditions.
The X Factor's overnight viewing figures hit an all-time low during the present series. A live episode on
Sunday 5 November generated the lowest ever viewing figures sinceit launched in 2004 - 4.3 million
average overnight viewers - a stark contrast to the 10 million viewers who watched Strictly Come
Dancing on the same night and the 17.2 million who tuned in to see painter Matt Cardie win the final of
The X Factor in 2010, which was the programme's peak.
However, The X Factor's figures improve when viewing on catch-up services and repeats are taken into
account and ITV saidithad beaten Strictly for viewers between the ages of 16 and 34 on eight out of 10
weekends when they both aired.
Furthermore, 34 songs performed by acts on The X Factor have made the top 100 of the iTunes download
chart and 10 have made the top 10, eight of which were original songs.
(Text retrieved from https://www.theguardian.com/tv-and-radio/2017/dec/01/itv-stands-by-
x-factor-despite-lowest-viewing-figures)
1. The current X Factor series _____.
A. had more viewers than Strictly Come Dancing
B. drew the lowest number of viewers ever throughout all the series
C. reached the peak of viewing figures
2. The phrase 'standing by' in the passage could be best replaced by which of the following words?
A. finishing B. supporting C. buying
3. Why are bosses of the X Factor are pleased?
A. Because the influence its act have on the iTunes download charts
B. Because it has attracted quite a number of young viewers
C. A and B
4. How many more years are ITV and Syco supposed to broadcast The X Factor?
A. one B. two C. three
5. How many people watched Strictly Come Dancing on a live episode on 5 November?
A. 4.3 million B. 17.2 million C. 10 million
6. The word 'stark' in the passage is closest in meaning to which of the following words?
A. sharp B. slight C. loose
7. In which year did the X Factor witness the highest number of viewers?
A. 2004 B. 2010 C. 2017
8. Who was Matt Cardie?
A. Judge on the X Factor
B. Winner of Strictly Come Dancing 2010
C. Champion of the X Factor 2010
9. The X Factor had beaten Strictly Come Dancing for viewers of what age on 8 out of 10 weekends of
their airing?
A. 8 -10 B. 16-34 C. 1 - 34
10. How many songs performed by X Factor acts have made the top 100 of the iTunes download charts?
 A. 8 B. 10 C. 34
D WRITING
1 Rewrite each sentence. Keep the meaning the same.
1. Nick made me leave the company for what I had done wrong.
I was made _______________________________________________________.
2. Jimmy likes Mozart and Jenny also likes Mozart.
Both ____________________________________________________________.
3. Mrs and MrSiverman missed the first part of the show because they were held up in a traffic jam.
Mrs and MrSiverman were held up ____________________________________.
4. The boy made up his mind to talk to the teacher.
The boy decided ___________________________________________________.
5. 'I won't do it again/ James said.
James promised ____________________________________________________.
6. You musn't go to that bar any longer.
You are not allowed ________________________________________________.
7. Do feel like going out for a cup of tea?
Would you like ____________________________________________________?
8. The contestant finally succeeded in making it through to the finale.
The contestant managed _____________________________________________.
9. ‘Dad, please let me have a go with it,’ Sam said.
Sam begged _______________________________________________________.
10. I'm going to pay someone to redecorate the room.
I'm going to have someone ___________________________________________.
2 Use the following notes to write a brief biography about John Lennon.
BIOGRAPHY NOTES
John Lennon, singer-songwriter
October 9,1940 Born Liverpool, England
1957 formed first band the Quarrymen, met Paul McCartney, invited McCartney to join
his music group
1960 formed the Beatles, legendary band (with Paul McCartney, George Harrison and
Ringo Starr)
April 8,1963 Son Julian Lennon born, with first wife, Cynthia Powell
1969 remarried to Yoko Onoadded "Ono" as one of his middle names
1969 left the Beatles
1970-1980: Solo career
May 1971 recorded 'Imagine', best-selling single of his solo career
October 9, 1975 Son Sean Lennon born, with Yoko Ono
December 8,1980 killed by a crazed fan named Mark David Chapman, three weeks after his last
album Double Fantasy, with Ono was released.
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
3 What is your favourite reality television show? Why? Write about 150 words.
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
 TEST YOURSELF | UNITS 1, 2 & 3
Circle the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word that differs from the other three in the position of
primary stress in each of the following questions.
Question 1. A. gender B. nurture C. release D. heavy
Question 2. A. platinum B. grocery C. homemaker D. convergence
Circle the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word whose underlined partdiffers from the other three in
pronunciation in each of the following questions.
Question 3. A. frown B. responsible C. pop D. phenomenon
Question 4. A. idol B. inspire C. intestine D. iron
Circle the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the most suitable response tocomplete each of the following
exchanges.
Question 5. Mai is telling Phuong about her favourite band.
Mai: "Do you know a lot about the K-pop band BTS?"
Phuong:"_______"
A. Of course! They're my favourite. B. Really? I love them too!
C. No, I'm their biggest fan! D. You're right. They're famous!
Question 6. Jake is telling Brandon a fact about the human body.
Jake: "Around 7 octillion atoms make up your entire body.
Brandon:" _______"
A. That's nice of you! B. I don't like it.
C. Really? Incredible! D. That's horrible!
Circle the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined word(s)
in each of the following questions.
Question 7. She has to stay in bed for 3 weeks to allow her broken leg to heal.
A. get well B. improve C. injure D. treat
Question 8. Josh was very nervous about his performance in front of the whole school.
A. confident B. anxious C. worried D. happy
Circle the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined word(s)
in each of the following questions.
Question 9. He frowned when he saw his grade on the exam.
A. smiled B. cried C. laughed D. scowl
Question 10. The judges at the singing contest look very friendly.
A. audiences B. coaches C. spectators D. people
Circle the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
Question 11. It's _______ that we're going to the beach tomorrow.
A. decide B. decided C. decisive D. decisively
Question 12. In Vietnam, some people live in _______ families, which may consist up to four
generations.
A. extended B. extends C. extension D. extending
Question 13. From a very young age, the singer has had a strong _______ for music.
A. passions B. passionate C. passionable D. passion
Question 14. I have a cold. Do you know any _______ to drinking medicine?
A. alternate B. alteration C. alter D. alternative
Question 15. Every day, I _______ up at 6 a.m to get ready for school.
A. get B. gets C. am getting D. was getting
Question 16. My mom _____ me watch TV when I finish my homework.
A. letting B. let C. will let D. is let
Question 17. His dad promised _______ him to Disney World for his birthday.
A. takes B. take C. taking D. to take
Question 18. Only humans can produce _______ tears.
A. emotions B. emotionally C. emotional D. emotion
Question 19. QuanHo is a style of folk music which _______ from Bac Ninh Province.
A. original B. originated C. origin D. origins
Question 20. Despite its general ______ , acupuncture is not suitable for everyone.
A. safety B. safe C. safely D. safeness
Question 21. Perry listens to ______ music when he is trying to focus on his studies.
A. instrumental B. instruments C. instrumentation D. instrument
Question 22. My mom needs a cup of coffee in the morning to help her stay _______.
A. wake B. waked C. waked up D. awake
Read the following passage and circle the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct word or phrase
that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 23 to 27.
Services (23) _______ at a beauty centre for cats and dogs in Russia are similar to those that you get at
health spas for humans. Owners bring their pets to the centre to (24) _______ them with a massage or to
get them in (25) _______ by doing doggy aqua aerobics, walking on a treadmill, or fit ball exercises with
a coach.
A dog owner explained that if you get a dog, you have to (26) _______ for it, keep it fit, bathe it, and
feed it properly. This has become much easier with the help of the beauty centre.
Groomers say that the most popular items are haircuts, fur masks and pedicures. The whole set costs
around 20 US dollars, which is the amount that will also buy you an hour with a (27) _______ trainer.
Question 23. A. provided B. produced C. kept D. contributed
Question 24. A. harm B. favour C. spoil D. ruin
Question 25. A. fit B. health C. shape D. weight
Question 26. A. love B. care C. responsible D. watch
Question 27. A. individual B. human C.secret D. personal
Read the following passage and circle the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of
the questions from 28 to 34.
Liverpool city council wants to clear the city of fat pigeons. They say that people are feeding the birds,
which makes them fat. The pigeons get bigger because their normal diet would consist of seeds and
insects, not high-fat junk food they are eating in the city centre.
The council want people to know that everyone who feeds the pigeons is responsible for the streets
being so crowded with these birds. They hope to encourage the birds to move away from the city centre
and into parks and open spaces.
Ten robotic birds have been brought into the city centre to scare the pigeons away and visitors are asked
not to give the pigeons any food. The mechanical birds - known as 'robops' - will sit on the roofs of
buildings. They can be moved around to different locations. They look like a peregrine falcon, which is a
bird that kills pigeons. They even make noises and flap their wings to scare the pigeons. They hope that
the pigeons will go away before the city becomes the European Capital of Culture in two years.
(Text retrieved from: https://goo.gl/dzwD48)
Question 28. What is the passage mainly about?
A. How to feed pigeons B. Why you should feed birds
 C. Scaring away pigeons D. How to build robotic birds
Question 29. What is the cause of fat pigeons in Liverpool?
A. The pigeons eat too many insects.
B. The people feed pigeons fatty foods.
C. The pigeons do not go on a diet.
D. The people's normal diet includes a lot of fat.
Question 30. Which of the following might be considered a junk food?
A. fries B. salad C. seeds D. insects
Question 31. Which of the following is the closest in meaning to the word crowded?
A. mpty B. great C. full D. flowing
Question 32. What does the council of Liverpool hope to do?
A. Kill the fat pigeons in the street.
B. Make the pigeons move away.
C. Encourage the pigeons to live in the city centre.
D. Fine people that feed pigeons.
Question 33. What is true about the 'robops'?
A. They look like the real pigeons.
B. They sit on trees to scare the pigeons.
C. They can kill the pigeons.
D. They are similar to a bird that kills pigeons.
Question 34. How do the robotic birds scare the pigeons?
A. They fly to the pigeons and scare them away.
B. They attack the pigeons they see.
C. They sit on rooftops.
D. They make loud noises.
Read the following passage and circle the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of
the questions from 35 to 42.
On average, American youths listen to music and watch music videos four to five hours a day, which is
more than they spend with their friends outside school or watching television.
Music matters to adolescents. They cannot be understood without a serious consideration of how
music fits into their lives. Music alters and intensifies their moods, furnishes much of their slang,
dominates their conversations and the ambience at their social gatherings. Music styles define the friends
they hang out with. Music personalities provide models for how they act and dress. Music also appears to
alter study habits and damage eardrums.
Many scholars have viewed television as the central media influence on adolescents but adolescents
devote more time and intensity to music.
They use music most to control mood and improve emotional states. In one study, a heavy metal
devotee reported that he loved the music because it put him in a "good mood".
Adolescents also use music to gain information about the adult world, to withdraw from social contact
(such as using a MP3 as a barrier, not unlike an adult hiding behind a newspaper at the breakfast table),
to facilitate friendships and social settings or to help them create a personal identity.
(Text adapted from:https://goo.gl/ebWJb8)
Question 35. What do we learn about American teenagers from the first paragraph?
A. They spend more time listening to music than watching TV.
B. They have 4 to 5 hours of free time a day.
 C. They watch TV as much as they spend time with friends.
D. They are antisocial.
Question 36. What does the word they in paragraph 2 refer to?
A. Music B. Adolescents C. Lives D. Moods
Question 37. How does music affect teenagers?
A. Music makes teenagers more moody.
B. Teenagers' conversations are only about music.
C. Music can change how teenagers study.
D. Music makes teenagers speak in slangs.
Question 38. Which of the following is the closest in meaning to the word ambience?
A. peace B. atmosphere C. look D. quality
Question 39. Which of the following is the closest in meaning to hang out ?
A. work B. study C. spend time D. make
Question 40. Some analysts argue that most youths use music _______.
A. to inspire them to do good actions
B. to feel better
C. to lead them to wrong behaviour
D. to express their anger
Question 41. Which of the following is the closest in meaning to the word barrier?
A. door B. window C. light D. wall
Question 42. In the last paragraph, a teen's MP3 may be compared to ________.
A. a newspaper an adult uses to protect his privacy
B. a bridge between teenagers and the world
C. a way to get information
D. a device to find friends
Circle the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the sentence that is closest in meaning to each of the
following questions.
Question 43. You should take the train instead of the bus.
A. If I were you, I'd take the train instead of the bus.
B. You must travel by train instead of by bus.
C. The bus is a much better way to travel.
D. I won't travel by bus. I will take the train instead.
Question 44. I'm sure that someone forgot to lock the door.
A. I thought someone had locked the door.
B. The door can't be locked.
C. It must be someone forgetting to lock the door.
D. Someone must have forgotten to lock the door.
Question 45. They bought this house ten years ago.
A. They will live in this house ten years.
B. They have had this house for ten years.
C. It has been ten years since they sold the house.
D. It took them ten years to buy this house.

Circle the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the underlined part that needs correction in each of the
following questions.
Question 46. We've book the tickets so we will fly to Tokyo this summer.
A B C D
Question 47. It is still very popular in Vietnam for much generations to live together under one roof.
A B C D
Question 48. When life gets too complicate, it is nice to listen to some music and relax.
A B C D
Circle the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the sentence that best combines each pair of sentences in the
following questions.
Question 49. We all have our own jobs. We still do the housework together.
A. Despite having our own jobs, we don't do the housework together.
B. We all have our own jobs, or we do the housework together.
C. Though we all have our own jobs, we still do the housework together.
D. We have to do the housework together, because we all have our own jobs.
Question 50. It was such a boring speech. We began to yawn.
A. The speech was very boring that we began to yawn.
B. It was so a boring speech that we began to yawn.
C. The speech was too boring that we began to yawn.
D. The speech was so boring that we began to yawn.
 Unit 4 | FOR A BETTER COMMUNITY
A PRONUNCIATION
1 Choose the word that has a different stress pattern from the other three by circling A, B, C, or
D.
1. A. handicapped B. passionate C. invalid (adj) D. charity
2. A. remote B. helpful C. hopeless D. leader
3. A. worried B. wealthy C. ensure D. tired
4. A. basic B. lifestyle C. prepare D. rural
5. A. income B. employ C. urgent D. legal
6. A. develop B. contribute C. position D. interest
7. A. martyr B. profit C. advice D. public
8. A. matter B. devote C. apply D. concise
9. A. excited B. interact C. develop D. opinion
10. A. introduction B. priority C. society D. American
2 Practice saying the following sentences. Pay attention to the pronunciation of the ending sounds
/-nd/, / η / and /-nt/.
1. I don't understand what the student is saying.
2. She spent her weekend helping her grandmother in the garden.
3. He loves gardening. He thinks it is exciting.
4. The school's announcement was very interesting.
5. My friend is training to be a volunteer teacher.
6. The environment will be destroyed if we don't start acting.
7. It was raining at the weekend, but we still went to the mountain.

B VOCABULARY & GRAMMAR

1 Match each word with its definition.
1. Charity a. friendly, helpful feeling or attittude
2. Fundraiser b. thankful
3. Generous c. an organization set up to provide help for those in need
4. Goodwill d. the desire to promote the welfare of others
5. Grateful e. an event held to raise money for a charity
6. Non-profit f. fulfillment of one's wishes or the pleasure from this
7. Philanthropy g. showing a readiness to give more of something
8. Satisfaction h. not to make a profit
2 Complete the sentences by using the correct form of the words from Exercise 1.
1. I love to do volunteer work. I get great _______ in knowing that I helped someone.
2. This is a _______ organization. All the money made is donated to help the poor.
3. Our school organized a baking _______. We baked cakes and sold them. Then, we donated the money
to a local charity.
4. The poor students were very _______ for new clothes they received for Tet holiday.
5. She is the most _______ person I know. She always gives most of her money to the poor.
6. My children realize helping others through ______ is much better than wasting money on foolish toys.
7. The school has to rely on the _______ of the parents to help it raise money.
8. My favourite _______ is Pup Paws which provides food and home to abandoned dogs and cats.
3 Complete the sentences, using the words in brackets + -ful/-less.
1. How could you be so _______ (care) as to lose your wallet?
2. The weather was _______ (beauty) so we went for a walk.
3. Yesterday we had a _______ (wonder) dinner at a Spanish restaurant.
4. I am going to give some clothes to the _______ (home).
5. That little boy is absolutely ________ (fear)! He isn't afraid of anything.
6. Thank you so much! You were really ________ (help) to me.
7. I passed all of my English exams. I was _______ (success) for the first time.
8. Our pet is a _______ (hair) cat. We bought it from a Russian man.
9. That man is completely _______ (friend). He hasn't got any friends at all.
10. I spent a _______ (sleep) night worrying about you! Where have you been?
11. Be _______ (care) whenever you cross the street.
12. This is a very _______ (peace) town. You would like to live here.
13. She is a ________ (grace) athlete.
14. Serious people are generally ________ (truth).
15. Her reaction when he proposed was ________(price).
16. ________ (care) drivers often cause road accidents.
17. Computers are very ________ (use). They help people in all aspects of life.
18. The weather is ________ (beauty) today.
19. The sky is ________(cloud) and quite blue.
20. People should not smoke cigarettes because they are ________ (harm).
21. You should be ________ (hope) if you want to be happy.
4 Complete the sentences, using the words in brackets + -ed/-ing.
1. The film was a bit ________ (bore).
2. I was very ________ (bore) with the film.
3. That noise is very ________ (annoy).
4. I felt very ________ (depress) last week.
5. She was very, ________ (embarrass) when she had to stand up in class.
6. Ghost stories are very ________(frighten).
7. I'm very ________ (interest) in maths and physics.
8. I was very ________ (excite) when I heard the news.
9. We were ________ (disappoint) with our marks.
10. Tom thinks politics is ________ (interest).
11. He works very hard. It's not ________ (surprise) that he is always tired.
12. The teacher's explanationwas ________ (confuse). Most of the students didn't understand it.
13. The kitchen hadn't been cleaned for ages. It was really ________ (disgust).
14. I've been working very hard all day and now I'm ________(exhaust).
15. Mary is a very ________ (interest) person. He knows a lot, she's travelled a lot and he's done lots of
different things.
16. It's been raining all day. This weather is ________(depress). This weather makes me feel _______
(depress).
17. I watched the programme on pandas. I was _________ (fascinate).
18. Having a massage is ________(relax)
19. I think the way Katie behaved was quite ________ (shock).
20. I just don't understand. I find the whole thing rather _______ (puzzle).
21. After travelling all day and night they were very ________(tire).
22. This film is quite ________ (amuse).
5 Complete the sentences by putting the verbs in the past or past progressive tense.
1. I was reading a book when suddenly I ________ (hear) a noise.
2. While Rose _______ (cook) dinner, her husband went to work.
3. While Sandra and Kathy were talking in the living-room,the doorbell ________ (ring).
4. Ben ________ (play) in a basketball team when he was a kid.
5. When Sharon ________ (come) home, her brother was playing video games.
6. When Angela got home, he ________ (make) some coffee.
7. They were sleeping when the burglars _______ (break) in.
8. We ________ (have) a lessonwhenweheard a terrriblenoise.
9. Whilel ________ (cycle), the rain started.
10. He ________ (injure) hisarmwhile he was playing basketball.
11. She met him while she ________ (travel) on a train.
12. While the woman was getting off the bus, she ________ (fall down).
13. The thief ________ (steal) our valuables while we were sleeping.
14. John took a photo while I ________(not/look).
15. While my mum was working in the garden, she ________(hurt) her back.
16. We were living in Hanoi when our old aunt ________(die).
17. When I got up this morning, it _______ (rain) heavily.
18. While my dad was brushing teeth, my mum ________(fall asleep).
19. I saw a nightmare while I ________ (sleep) last night.
20. What happened in your dream while a monster ________ (chase) you?
6 Fill in the gaps with the correct verb tense.
Teenagers Are Changing the World
My 16-year-old son, Dylan, 1. ________ (tell) everyone that one of the most amazing experiences of
his life 2. ________ (be) the trip he 3. ________ (take) to Costa Rica in the summer of 2005. Most people
4. ________ (assume) that this 5. ________ (be) a vacation - that he 6. ________ (be), perhaps, surfing
the waves! But Dylan 7. ________ (spend) almost the entire ten days of the trip building houses for local
residents. It 8. ________ (be) hard, dirty work. The conditions 9. ________ (be) primitive and the days
10. ________ (be) long. I never 11. ________ (think) that my typical teen would be willing to climb up
on a hot roof every day, but he 12. ________ (love) every minute of it! The feeling of camaraderie with
his fellow workers, and the eternal and loving gratitude of the people he 13. ________ (help), 14
________(make) this an unforgettable experience.
Encouraging teens to do volunteer work 15. ________ (be) one of the most important things you can
16. ________ (do) for them as a parent. And the amazing thing 17. ________ (be), once they 18.
________ (get) a taste of it, teenagers 19. ________ (love) to volunteer! In 2004, 55 percent of American
teenagers 20. ________ (volunteer)-almost twice the rate of adults, according to the Corporation for
National and Community Service. And students who 21. ________ (do) volunteer work actually 22.
________ (do) better in school than those who 23. ________ (not/volunteer). Albert Schweitzer once 24.
________ (say), "The only ones among you who 25. ________ (be) truly happy 26. ________ (be) those
who 27.________ (seek) and found how to serve." In fact, volunteering 28. ________ (provide) many
benefits for teens, including increased self-esteem, a feeling of being valued, the opportunity to meet new
people, the acquisition of valuable new skills, and a lifetime of wonderful memories and experiences.
 Volunteer opportunities for adolescents 29. ________ (not/be) difficult to find. Some organizations
may 30. ________ (have) age restrictions if the job 31. ________ (involve) a certain amount of risk, but
opportunities 32. ________ (abound) for all ages! One of the best places to start 33. ________ (be) with
your local church, synagogue, mosque or other place of worship. My kids 34. ________ (find) volunteer
opportunities through the Parks and Recreation Department, hospitals, nature centres, libraries, children's
museums, community and teen centres, and just through word of mouth. My 13-year-old 35. ________
(have) a great time as a volunteer at a boat show, which 36. ________ (raise)
funds for charity. 37.________ (not/be) afraid to ask around. Most people 38. ________ (jump) at the
chance to put a volunteer to work!
When teenagers 39. ________ (learn) to serve others, they 40. ________ (become) empowered. They
41. ________ (grow) up knowing that they can 42. ________ (make) a difference in the world. Just
imagine what this kind of attitude can accomplish when our adolescents 43. ________ (be) soon the
leaders of society! Making the world a better place 44. ________ (start) by 45. ________ (show) our kids
how they can 46. ________ (be) part of impacting the future through volunteering.
(Text retrieved from: https://goo.gl/qkcHbt)
C READING
1 Read the following texts about orphan kangaroos. Then, answer
the questions.
These cute baby kangaroos have unfortunately lost their mothers to
traffic accidents, a sadly common occurrencein Australia. But luckily,
volunteerslike Sam and Owen are on hand to look after them.
"She came with me to the university, just about everyone in my class
has hadcuddles with her. Especially during exam time, she's a bit of a
stress-relief. Just hand her around and she has cuddles!" Sam said.
Their work doesn't just involve looking after the orphans. It has a wider significance.
Owen said, “We go to schools and we go to markets and fairs and have all the animals there, so people
who may generally not come in contact with these animals - we give them that opportunity to and that
way, they can see, they can touch and they can get up and close with these animals and they build their
connection with the animals, with the environment and they're able to see the significance of their
actions.''
(Text and image retrieved from: https://goo.gl/MfLo92)
1. Match each word / phrase from the text with its definition.
i. occurrence a. available
ii. on hand b. a child / animal whose parents are dead
iii. to have cuddles c. importance
iv. orphan d. incident
v. significance e. very close to
vi. up and close f. to be close to somebody and touch or hug him
2. What is true about the baby kangaroos mentioned in the text?
A. They cause traffic accidents.
B. They are taken away from their mothers.
C. They are taken care of by humans.
3. What do volunteers do as part of their work?
A. They bring the animals to different places.
B. They rescue the orphans from the forest.
 D. They have cuddles with other people.
4. What is the importance of letting other people pet the kangaroos?
A. To raise awareness about wildlife and the environment.
B. To encourage people to touch animals.
C. To allow people to build confidence around wild animals.
2. Read the following texts about pets in costumes. Then, answer the questions.
Nearly 70 pets including dogs, cats, and even a guinea pig
dressed up for the annual pet Halloween costume competition
'Scaredy Cats and Dogs' in Manila, Philippines.
A charity organises the event, and the charity is called the
Philippine Animal Welfare Society or PAWS, and the organisers
hope that the event encourages people to see animals in a
different light and to adopt them.

An animal shelter volunteer explained that they frequently attend events such as this to show how
beautiful dogs and cats are in costumes. They also want to raise awareness that pets should not be hurt or
kicked.
(Text and image retrieved from: https://goo.gl/qitxyp)
1. Match each word/phrase from the text with its definition.
i. annual a. motivate somebody to do something
ii. encourage b. make people notice something
iii. in a different light c. happening every year
iv. animal shelter d. a safe place for animals
v. raise awareness e. in a new way
2. What do we learn about the Halloween costume competition from the first paragraph?
A. People dress up as their pets for the competition.
B. The competition happens once a year.
C. The competition takes place in America.
3 What is the purpose of organising the competition?
A. To encourage people to buy pets.
B. To showcase beautiful pets for adoption.
C. To remind people to be kind to pets.
3. Read the following texts about saving Cambodian temples. Then decide if the statements are
True or False.
A team of 30 young volunteers are trying to raise money to help
save isolated Kampong Preah temples that people built over 1,200
years ago in a remote area in Cambodia.
SokemeanSrin explained that the temples were built in the 8th
century, which makes them older than Angkor Wat, but unfortunately
they are little known. That is why he decided to organise a cultural
charity rip to raise funds to support the historical site and to promote
tourism in the area, which is so remote that it can only be reached by boat.
Despite a third of the complex being destroyed, the temples still host religious ceremonies and provide
communal space for a nearby floating village.
(Text and image retrieved from: https://goo.gl/TgNQFQ)
 1. True/False The team of volunteers are trying to rebuild the temples.
2. True/False The temples are over 1200 years old.
3. True/False The temples are more famous than Angkor Wat.
4. True/False The temples are located in a popular tourist area.
5. True/False The volunteers try to encourage people to visit the temples.
6. True/False You have to travel by boat to get to the temples.
7. True/False Most of the temples have been destroyed.
8. True/False Local people still use the temples to organise religious ceremonies.
4. Read the following texts about saving disabled children learning to surf. Then, answer the
questions.
Around 40 Australian children with disabilities can enjoy surfing
lessons once a month, thanks to volunteers from the Gold Coast
Disabled Surfers Association.
The mother of a four-year-old child who was born with cerebral
palsy* was happy t o see her son have a great time. She said that she
had never seen him so happy apart from the time when he went horse riding.
One of the volunteers said that many of the children do not get a chance to come to the beach, so
sometimes this is the first time that they have ever been in the ocean.
* cerebral palsy: bệnh bại não
(Text and image retrieved from: https://goo.gl/AdqlJC)
1. What do volunteers at the Gold Coast Disabled Surfers Association do?
________________________________________________________________
2. How did the four-year-old with cerebral palsy feel about surfing?
________________________________________________________________
3. According to the volunteer, why is surfing a special experience for some children?
________________________________________________________________
5 Read the text about Christine Bushaway. Then, answer the questions.
Christine Bushaway is a bright, positive, warm, friendly teenager.
She seems just a little older than her real age of nineteen, but apart
from this, no one would think there was anything unusual about her.
But, as I found out when I went to interview her at her flat in east
London, Christine Bushaway is no ordinary teenager at all.
She works as a Community Service Volunteer (CSV). The CSV is a
government volunteer agency and its workers help people in the
community who are having problems or are less able to look after themselves than other people. A CSV
worker might help old people, young people or people with special needs. It's not an easy job: you need to
be emotionally strong as well - and you don't get paid.
Christine helps in a school for children with disabilities* and learning difficulties. She works with the
teacher in the classroom, helping the children through painting, maths and English, taking them out to
play and bringing them back in again. The job brought many challenges for her. 'At first I'd never seen
children with severe special needs', she says. 'So it was quite shocking for me at first. I was very sad to
see these children, the way they were. Some of them have emotional difficulties. Some of them get
violent, and they jump about and hit and kick, but they don't understand what they're doing, so you have
to be careful with them. Some have physical disabilities, and are in wheelchairs. Sometimes they're really
intelligent, and it's their physical disabilities that are holding them back.'
 She says she would recommend anyone to do community service work, for the sense of enjoyment and
fulfillment it gives. 'But', she adds, 'it's not for everybody.'
(Text adapted from: https://goo.gl/3hHHPE)
Match each word to its correct definition.
1. ordinary a. a condition that limits a person's movements, senses, or activities
2. special needs b. involving physical force intended to hurt or damage
3. disability c. suggest
4. severe d. serious
5. violent e. satisfaction or happiness
6. recommend f. normal
7. fulfilment g. particular educational requirements resulting from learning difficulties
Decide if each statement is True or False.
8. True/False Christine is older than 19.
9. True/False Christine is a normal teenager.
10. True/False Christine volunteers her time to help people with disabilities.
11. True/False Christine receives no money for her work.
12. True/False Christine works as a teacher for children with special needs.
13. True/False Al first, Christine was surprised with the serious disabilities of some children.
14. True/False Some of the children tried to hit her on purpose.
15. True/False Some children with physical disabilities can be very smart.
16. True/False Christine said everyone should work with disabled children.
Answer the following question.
17. Have you ever worked with disabled children? If yes, how was your experience? If no, would you
like to?
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
D WRITING
1 Rewrite the sentences in the past tense, using the time expression in brackets.
1. The sun shines its rays through the green leaves. (Yesterday)
_________________________________________________________________
2. My cat bites me when I try to hold her. (Last night)
_________________________________________________________________
3. I wake up at 5a.m. this morning to catch a flight. (Last Monday)
_________________________________________________________________
4. The whole class stand up when the teacher comes in. (Yesterday)
_________________________________________________________________
5. He rides his horse every Saturday. (Last Saturday)
_________________________________________________________________
6. My mom always hides the presents until Christmas morning. (Last year)
_________________________________________________________________
7. She often forgets to turn off the lights when going out. (Last night)
_________________________________________________________________
8. I feel really good when I donate my clothes to the poor. (Last year)
_________________________________________________________________
9. Some of the boys in my class fight each other today. (Yesterday)
 _________________________________________________________________
10. I feed the poor at a local soup kitchen at the weekend. (Last Sunday)
_________________________________________________________________
2 Read the following advertisement for volunteer opportunities.

Volunteer Opportunities
Volunteer Opportunities
You're in: Volunteer calendar » Help salvage native plants

Get involved in the Native Plant Salvage Program!

People from all around King County can volunteer for the Department of
Natural Resources' Native Plant Salvage Program. Volunteers remove
plants from sites which are scheduled for construction and later replant this
native plant at locations around the County. King County works with
developers and other agencies to locate potential salvage sites, organizes
volunteers to remove plants just prior to construction, and replants the
salvaged plants at habitat restoration projects.
Write to us now to apply!
You are interested in becoming part of the Native Plant Salvage Program in King County. Write an
application letter to be part of the volunteer team.
You can use these prompts if necessary:
- Experience working with plants: grew up on a farm; planted vegetables
- Want to preserve the environment
- Hardworking, patient, eager to learn
- Availability for interview: afterschool on weekdays; weekends
- Availability for volunteer work: afterschool on weekdays; weekends Native Plant Salvage Program
Dear Sir/Madam,
I am writing to
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
I look forward to hearing from you.
Yours faithfully,
Mai Tran
 Unit 5 | INVENTIONS
A PRONUNCIATION
1 Put the stress mark (') on the following compound nouns and noun groups.
1. Greenhouse Green house
2. Blackboard Black board
3. Dark room Darkroom
4. Mobile person Mobile phone
5. Stone age Stone building
6. Hotdog Hot tea
7. Summer clothes Summertime
2 Practice saying the following sentences. Pay attention to the stress.
1. Eventhough it's cold outside, the vegetables can still grow in this greenhouse.
2. I want a whiteboard not a blackboard.
3. This dark room is scary.
4. Can I borrow your mobile phone?
5. The stone building is the strangest building on this street.
6. Would you like some hot tea?
7. I love the weather in summertime.
8. Look at that green house next to the blue one!
9. I love to eat hotdogs at barbeque parties.
10. Now that it's getting warmer, I need to buy some summer clothes.
B VOCABULARY & GRAMMAR
1 Match each word to its definition. Then, fill in the table.
1. To create a. make or design something that did not exist before
2. To invent b. find something out by chance, study or inquiry
3. To discover c. make something happen or exist
4. To find out d. find something that already exists
5. To inspire e. encourage someone to do something

Verb Noun Adjective Person

create

invent

discover

inspire

3 Complete the sentences with the correct form of the words in the box.
generous portable economical versatile brainstorm
infectious patent principle inspire imitate
1. Her success in medicine ________ me to work hard and become a doctor some day.
2. He has a small,________ car. It doesn't cost him a lot of money to buy fuel each month.
3. He took out a ________ for mass production of the drug and saved many lives.
4. This is a very ________ printer. It not only prints but also scans and photocopies.
5. In North America, businesses operate on 'The customer is always right'________.
6. She was ________ with the prize money she won. She gave most of it to charity.
7. The teacher gave us 5 minutes to ________ ideas before asking us to give answers.
8. The monkey at the zoo ________ my every move.
9. I love my new laptop because it's lightweight and ________. It's very easy to carry around.
10. Be careful during flu season because it is highly ________.

3 Complete the sentences with the Present Perfect of the verbs in brackets.
1. People ________ (enjoy) balloons as toys and decoration since they were invented in 1824 by
Professor Michael Faraday for use in his experiments with hydrogen.
2. Students ________ (stick) things with glue since 1750. By the way this glue was made from fish.
3. People ________ (use) scotch tape since it was invented in 1930 by engineer Richard Drew.
4. People ________ (be) safer with the air bag that was offered in the 1973Chevrolet car.
5. People ________ (drive) cars since 1885 when Karl Benz, a German mechanical engineer, designed
and built the world's first practical automobile.
6. Students, and other people, ________ (write) with a pen since 1938when it was invented by Ladislao
Biro.
7. Adam is full. He ________ (finish) his lunch.
8. We ________ (not/do) the test on modern day inventions this week.
9. ________Huyen ________ (clean) her bedroom yet?
10. The teacher ________ (just/correct) all the tests.
11. ________ Emily and Anne ________ (eat) breakfast yet?
12. My neighbour ________ (not/water) the plants yet.
13. ________ the students ________ (go) to an school trip this year?
14. I'm tired and I ________ (not/ finish) the essay on the invention of the compasss yet.
15. ________ your brother ________ (pass) the Math test?
16. Jim ________ (not/write) ________ a letter yet.
17. "________ you ________ (see) my glasses anywhere?" "No, I ________."
18. Mariah ________ (just/open) the window.
19. John and Peter ________ (not/learn) French yet.
20. "________ you ________ (read) the story of how the airplane was invented?"
"Yes, we________."

4 Complete the sentences with ever, just or yet.

1. I haven't been to the library ________.
2. Has she ________ passed an exam?
3. They have ________ finished the test.
4. They haven't received their test scores ________.
5. Will hasn't started school ________.
6. Has the trainer ________ had any time off?
7. Have you ________ finished your homework before 8 o'clock?
8. Has your mum ________ cooked Chinese food?
9. I've ________ finished the Biology project.
10. Has your mum ________ travelled abroad?
11. Samantha hasn't cleaned the studio ________.
12. Have you done the homework ________?
13. Mom's ________ called me.
14. Have you ________ met a famous person?
15. I haven't bought the groceries ________.

3 Complete the sentences with the to-infinitive or gerund form of the verbs in brackets.
1. Matches are used for ________ (light) fires.
2. He went to the park ________ (relax).
3. This knife is used for ________ (cut) grapefruit.
4. We stopped at the shop ________ (get) some magazines.
5. The speakers are for ________ (play) music.
6. I made a cake ________ (practise) baking.
7. I want ________ (go) out tonight.
8. He thanked everyone for ________(come).
9. She went home ________(study).
10. They apologised for ________(be) late.
11. Nails, which was one of humankind's greatest inventions, are used ________ (build) things.
12. She came to the library________ (read).
13. We rewarded the children for ________ (study) hard.
14. He promised ________ (help) me. (come).
15. They went to Paris ________ (learn) French.
16. The pen is for ________ (write).
17. In the past, sea voyagers used a compass _______(navigate) the oceans.
18. We use the Internet _______ (search) for information.
19. The vacumn is for _______ (clean) the floors.
20. The clock is for _______ (tell) time.
3 Read the following text about the discovery of penicillin. Fill in the blanks with the correct form
of the words in brackets.

Penicillin is a (1) _______ occurring substance, which is why we credit Sir (NATURE)
Alexander Fleming with discovering rather than inventing it. And to be (2)
_______ correct, he re-discovered it three decades after a French medical student (ABSOLUTE)
first made note of it.
And, what's more, the (3) _______ came after Fleming left a petri dish out in the (DISCOVER)
lab by accident!
In 1928, Fleming noticed that a blue-green mould had contaminated another
specimen in the lab and that bacteria on the dish were being (4) _______. He (DISSOLVE)
experimented with the mould and found that it killed a number of disease-causing
bacteria. He named it penicillin and published his (5) ________ in 1929.
Despite this great discovery, penicillin wasn't (6) _______ used straight away. (FIND)
After undergoing (7) _______ trials in 1943, it was first used on a large scale (WIDE)
during World War Two to treat wounded soldiers. It wasn't until 1948 that Andrew (CLINIC)
J Moyer, one of the scientists responsible for this progress, was granted a patent for
a method for penicillin mass (8) ________.
In 1945, the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine was awarded (9) ________ (PRODUCE)
to Sir Alexander Fleming, Ernst Boris Chain and Sir Howard Walter Florey, "for (JOIN)
the discovery of penicillin and its (10) ________ effect in various infectious
diseases". (CURE)
C READING
1 Read the following text about a suitcase invention. Then, answer the questions.
Don't you get sick and tired of dragging your suitcase around the airport? Well, this ingenious
invention has your problems solved and a few heads turning as well.
This motorised, drivable suitcase has come from the brilliant mind of farmer-turned- inventor He Liang-
Ky from China.
The three wheeled suitcase can reach up to 20 kilometres per hour (12
miles per hour) and has a battery life of 6 hours, and it can be simply
plugged into the wall to charge. The speedy luggage is even fitted with a
GPS system, horn and burglar alarm.
"I'm quite positive about the invention's future development. Why?
First, it's easy to carry. Secondly, it will be sold at a low price. Thirdly, it
will solve some problems that our country is facing, such as heavy traffic,
parking problems, and finally, I think it won't cause any environmental pollution nor noise pollution."
He said inspiration for his idea came when watching tired travellers struggle to carry their heavy
luggage.
 "The future prospects of this thing will be very good. The thing is really practical for people both
traveling and working. It's both a piece of luggage as well as a tool for transportation. You can use it
frequently when leaving work."
The suitcase scooter will hopefully be selling for between 4,000 and 30,000 Chinese Yuan (644 to
4,830 US Dollars).
(Text retrieved from: https://goo.gl/76cZCk)
1. Match each word/phrase from the text with its definition.
i. drag a. insert into a power supply
ii. ingenious b. an thing that makes a loud, warning sound
iii. head turning c. possibility of something happening
iv. plug d. warning sound or device to scare thieves
v. horn e. pull along forcefully, roughly, or with difficulty
vi. burglar alarm f. extremely noticeable
vii. struggle g. have difficulty doing something
viii. prospect h. clever and inventive
Decide if each statement is True or False.
2. True/False You can drive the suitcase on the streets.
3. True/False The inventor of the suitcase used to work as a farmer.
4. True/False The fastest you can drive the suitcase is 12 km/hour.
5.True/False You need to change the batteries every 6 hours.
6. True/False There is a GPS system in the suitcase.
7. True/False Burglars can never steal this suitcase.
8. True/False The inventor is optimistic about his invention.
9. True/False The suitcase will solve all pollution problems in China.
10. True/False You can find this suitcase on the market right now.
2 Read the following text about cool Japanese robots. Then, answer the questions.
Japan held its biggest tech exhibition recently. Companies showed
off their latest inventions and robots.
There was a table tennis robot which you can play ping pong with. It
uses motion tracking to see the ball and serve it.
If you like personal robots, there was an interesting one for this. One
company showed a new robot which knows sign language. But if you
want something really cool, you'll probably love the robot dinosaur. It is a giant T-Rex. You can even
control it with your mobile phone.
(Text retrieved from: https://goo.gl/Mktqvc)

1. Who showcased their robotic inventions at the exhibition?

A. Universities
B. Businesses
C. The government
2. Read paragraph 2. What do think the table tennis robot does when it uses "motion tracking"?
A. It watches how you move.
B. It sees your face.
C. It catches the ball.
3. What is true about the robot dinosaur?
 A. It is very small.
B. It knows how to use sign language.
C. You can use your phone to make it move.
3 Read the following text about horse-boarding. Then, answer the questions.
A Russian man wanted a new sport to try, as he was looking for new
and exciting ways to get a thrill. He tried using a car, a motorcycle and a
snowmobile as new methods of snowboarding, but the vehicles could not
get into the areas that he wanted to go.
Then he tried the same idea with horses and pioneered horse-boarding.
People tie themselves to horses that then drag them through the snow.
The horse-boarders do not plan to make money off of their invention
yet. For now, it is just horsing about!
(Text retrieved from: https://goo.gi/2CKDCf)
1. Why did the Russian man want to invent a new sport?
_____________________________________________________________________
2. Before trying snowboarding with horses, what issues did he have with the vehicles?
_____________________________________________________________________
3. What is horse-boarding?
_____________________________________________________________________
4. What do you think "horsing about" means?
_____________________________________________________________________

4 Read the following text about the invention of jeans. Then, answer the questions.
Young people all around the world have many things in common:
their music, their languages, their ideas. However, there is nothing more
universal than jeans. Jeans are not a p rivilege of modern generations. In
the 15th century , the sailors from Genoa were the first to wear heavy
cotton pants. They needed those durable and practical cotton pants to
work on their ships. Our modern term Jeans comes from Genoese sailors.
Later, during the Gold Rush, Levi Strauss arrived in California with a
roll of heavy canvas under his arm. He created the blue jeans and made a
fortune. Until World War II, blue jeans were popular among farmers and cowboys, construction workers
and people in the country and small towns of the United States.
In the forties, some artists and young people wore blue jeans because they were practical, cheap and a
kind of political protest. Then came the fifties with Marlon Brando, James Dean and motorcycle movies.
Jeans became a synonym of "bad" and schools banned them. In the sixties, jeans became very popular not
only in the USA but all over the world. They were a symbol of youth.
Today, however, they are no longer a privilege of a generation or a class: everybody wears jeans.
(Text retrieved from: https://goo.gl/dKftRu)
1. True/False Jeans are a privilege of modern generations.
2. True/False The Genoese sailors needed durable and practical pants to work on their
ships.
3. True/False Levi-Strauss invented the blue jeans.
4. True/False In the fifties motorcycles movies were banned from school.
5. True/False In the sixties jeans were a symbol of youth.
6. True/False Today jeans are a symbol of a class.
7. True/False Artists wore blue jeans.
8. True/False Genoese sailors arrived in California during the Gold Rush.
9. True/False Girls wore blue jeans in the fifteenth century.
10.True/False Jeans are something young people have in common.
11. Genoese sailors wore _______.
A. sneakers and black leather jackets
B. cotton pants to work
C. blue jeans before World War II
12. Only farmers, workers and cowboys wore ______.
A. blue jeans in the 15th century
B. practical pants to work on their ships
C. blue jeans until World War II
13. Artists wore _______.
A. jeans as a kind of political protest
B. cotton pants to work
C. a roll of heavy canvas
14. In the fifties jeans were a symbol of _______.
A. youth
B. political protest
C. " bad"
15. Jeans,_______.
A. are a privilege of young people
B. are not a privilege of modern generations
C. are a privilege of sailors
D WRITING
1 Rewrite the sentences so that they mean exactly the same as the sentences before them, using the
words in the brackets.
1. She's never been to a pottery museum before. (first time)
_______________________________________________________________
2. The accident made it impossible for her to work. (since)
_______________________________________________________________
3. It's been two days since Alice saw Tom. (yet)
_______________________________________________________________
4. I'm not hungry. I ate something on my way home. (already)
_______________________________________________________________
5. You've missed the bus. It left two minutes ago. (just)
_______________________________________________________________
6. I remember coming to this restaurant last year. (before)
_______________________________________________________________
7. Is this your first time at the opera? (ever)
_______________________________________________________________
8. You're too late. The film began at half past nine. (already)
_______________________________________________________________
9. The last time I had a cold was in October. (since)
 _______________________________________________________________
10. Carlos took up a new hobby two days ago. (recently)
_______________________________________________________________
2 Look at the notes about one of mankind's first invention: the wheel. Then, read the sample text
that describes this invention.

Invention: the wheel

Inventor: unknown
Date of invention: 3100 B.C.
Place of invention: unknown - the oldest wheel and axle found in Slovenia
Uses: tens of thousands of uses, including:
- transportation of goods: attached to horse-drawn chariots and carts; faster and more efficient
- water wheels: power mills
- gears and cogs: allowed ancient cultures to create complex machines
- modern technology centrifuges used in chemistry and medical research, electric motors and combustion
engines, jet engines, power plants, etc.
The wheel is an invention so ancient that we have no way of knowing who first developed it. The oldest
wheel and axle mechanism we've found was near Slovenia, and dates to roughly 3100 B.C.The wheel
made the transportation of goods much faster and more efficient, especially when affixed to horse-drawn
chariots and carts. Tens of thousands of other inventions require wheels to function, from water wheels
that power mills to gears and cogs that allowed even ancient cultures to create complex machines. A huge
amount of modern technology still depends on the wheel, like centrifuges used in chemistry and medical
research, electric motors and combustion engines, jet engines, power plants and countless others.
Now, look at the notes of another Important invention, the airplane. Using these notes, write a text
describing this invention.

Invention: the airplane

Inventor. Orville and Wilbur Wright (brothers)
Date of invention: 1903
Place of invention: America
Benefits:
- transport goods and people quicker, over large distances
- safe and convenient
- allow more cultural exchanges
- promote business and globalisation
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
 TEST YOURSELF | UNITS 4 & 5
Circle the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word that differs from the other three in the position of
primary stress in each of the following questions.
Question 1. A. nurture B. remote C. needle D. martyr
Question 2. A. interact B. intestine C. invention D. invalid
Circle the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word whose underlined part differs from the other three in
pronunciation in each of the following questions.
Question 3. A. imitate B. passion C. smash D. patent
Question 4. A. public B. muscle C. lung D. immune
Circle the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the most suitable response to complete each of the following
exchanges.
Question 5. Phuong is asking Mai a question.
Phuong: "I called you last night but you didn't answer. What were you doing?"
Mai:" _______ "
A. Really? I was watching a movie. B. No, I'm sorry.
C. Better luck next time! D. Really, why?
Question 6. Timmy is apologising to Kate.
Timmy: "Oh, I'm sorry I'm late!"
Kate:" _______"
A. Are you okay? B. No problem. C. Sure thing! D. You're awful!
Circle the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined word(s)
in each of the following questions.
Question 7. The child was very patient. He sat still and waited for his mother for 1 hour.
A. calm B. quiet C. tolerant D. anxious
Question 8. Next Saturday night, there will be a public concert for everyone in the park.
A. private B. popular C. communal D. general
Circle the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined word(s)
in each of the following questions.
Question 9. It was obvious that the little girl wanted the pink doll.
A. uncertain B. understandable C. confused D. unclear
Question 10. I love my portable MP3 player because it's so easy to carry everywhere.
A. inconvenient B. movable C. heavy D. large
Circle the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
Question 11. While we were walking on the beach, we _______ a beautiful shell.
A. seen B. see C. were seeing D. saw
Question 12. Be careful, please. This is an _______ disease.
A. infection B. inflectional C. infected D. infectious
Question 13. He gave such an _______ talk that I almost cried.
A. inspired B. inspirational C. inspiration D. inspire
Question 14. She was very _______ in the lecture that the professor gave.
A. interesting B. interest C. interested D. interests
Question 15. I love watching The Voice - Kids! So many children are _______.
A. talented B. talent C. talenting D. talents
Question 16. Children who share housework with their family members become more _______.
A. social B. antisocial C. sociable D. society
Question 17. His performance at the concert was absolutely _______ !
A. phenomenon B. phenomenal C. phenomenity D. phenomena
Question 18. Nhu recommended _______ to the new restaurant on Le Loi Street.
A. go B. to go C. going D. went
Question 19. I think it is very _______ to try to persuade him. He won't change his mind.
A. meaningless B. meaningful C. meaningly D. meaning
Question 20. It didn't stop _______ all day yesterday.
A. rains B. rained C. to rain D. raining
Question 21. A mobile phone is used _______ someone, but I only use it for _______.
A. to call/texting B. calling/texting C. to call/to text D. to call/text
Question 22. When I _______ at the party, I was an hour late.
A. arrive B. arriven C. arrived D. arrove
Read the following passage and circle the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct word or phrase
that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 23 to 27.
Scientists and inventors have made (23)_______ contributions to the lives of the common people
throughout history. Sometimes through dedicated research, other times through necessity and still other
times by accident An interesting fact Is that war seems to speed up the (24) _______ of new inventions.
Some of these breakthroughs brought about (25) _______change, while others humbly laid the
groundwork for important developments down the road. Some inventions make a bigger (26) _______ on
the public than others, and some inventions quickly become part of everyday life. People around the
world think paper, electricity, the computer and the Internet are some inventions that they cannot live (27)
_______. .
Question 23. A. largest B. worth C. significant D. value
Question 24. A. time B. period C. instance D. pace
Question 25. A. right B. now C. momentarily D. immediate
Question 26. A. affect B. impact C. consequence D. result
Question 27. A. without B. unless C. deprived D. nonetheless
Read the following passage and circle the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of
the questions from 28 to 34.
Ada Lovelace was the daughter of the poet Lord Byron. She was taught by Mary Somerville, a well-
known researcher and scientific author, who introduced her to Charles Babbage in June 1833. Babbage
was an English mathematician, who first had the idea for a programmable computer.
In 1842 and 1843, Ada translated the work of an Italian mathematician, Luigi Menabrea, on Babbage's
Analytical Engine. Though mechanical, this machine was an important step in the history of computers; it
was the design of a mechanical general- purpose computer. Babbage worked on it for many years until his
death in 1871. However, because of financial, political, and legal issues, the engine was never built. The
design of the machine was very modern; it anticipated the first completed general- purpose computers by
about 100 years.
When Ada translated the article, she added a set of notes which specified in complete detail a method
for calculating certain numbers with the Analytical Engine, which has since been recognized by historians
as the world's first computer program. She also saw possibilities in it that Babbage hadn't: she realised
that the machine could compose pieces of music. The computer programming language 'Ada', used in
some aviation and military programs, is named after her.
(Text retrieved from: https://goo.gl/woFb5J)
Question 28. What is the passage mainly about?
 A. The inventor Charles Babbage
B. Mary Somerville's scientific work
C. Ada Somerville's first computer program
D. The mathematician Luigi Menabrea
Question 29. What do we learn about Mary Somerville from the first passage?
A. She was the daughter of Lord Byron.
B. She was Ada's Lovelace student.
C. She was famous for her scientific work.
D. She was introduced to Babbage by Lovelace.
Question 30. Why was Babbage's Analytical Engine considered an important step in the history of
computer?
A. Because it was designed by a mechanic.
B. Because it was the design of a general-purpose computer.
C. Because it could translate Italian works.
D. Because it had general purposes.
Question 31. Which was probably a reason why the Analytical Engine wasn't built?
A. The design was too modern. B. Babbage died.
C. It was illegal. D. It was too costly.
Question 32. Which of the following is the closest in meaning to the word anticipated?
A. predicted B. affirmed C. promised D. proved
Question 33. What is true about the world's first computer program?
A. It was written by Ada.
B. It was translated by Ada.
C. It was written in the article Ada translated.
D. It used an old method to calculate numbers.
Question 34. What vision did Ada see in the machine that Babbage didn't?
A. That it could be used to fly airplanes
B. That it could calculate numbers
C. That it could be used to write songs
D. That it could be used in the military
Read the following passage and circle the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of
the questions from 35 to 42.
Visit Angkor Wat
Siem Reap is a small town near the world famous temple of Angkor Wat. The town is charming and
worth exploring, with some fine examples of Khmer and French colonial architecture set among the more
modern developments. Nowadays, visitors are flocking in, using it as a base for visits to the nearby
temples.
A Carved City
From the 9th to the 14th centuries, when Europe was still struggling out of the Dark Ages, the
Cambodian Empire of Angkor covered most of present-day Cambodia, Laos, Vietnam, and Thailand. The
heart of this empire during the 12th century was the ancient capital of Angkor Thom, near present day
Siem Reap, the site of the world's largest temple complexes, which were rediscovered in 1861. This
spectacular city was built over 30 years under the reign of King Suryavarman II (1113-1150). The area
covers about 400 square kilometres and is full of the finest examples of Khmer art and architecture.
Tourists are always amazed at the scale of the place.
 In Angkor Wat you will find more than 100 stone monuments and temple buildings, each of which
contains countless statues, sculptures and reliefs that have weathered extremely little over the last 800
years. To see the whole thing can take several days. The most important temples to visit in the area are
Angkor Wat, especially at sunrise or sunset; Angkor Thom, the remains of the capital; Ta Prohm, a palace
overgrown by jungle; and Bayon.
Getting a visa
Visas are required to enter Cambodia. You can obtain one on arrival at Siem Reap International
Airport for $20, and 1 passport photo is required per person. You will also need another passport photo
for the Angkor Temple Entrance Pass. Please ensure you take comfortable walking shoes, light clothing
and plenty of water to drink as it is very hot there. The most commonly accepted currency in Cambodia is
the US dollar.
(Text retrieved from: https://goo.gl/X9tEVn)
Question 35. According to the first paragraph, Siem Reap is _______.
A. a famous temple B. close to tourists' attractions
C. colonized by the French D. modern
Question 36. Which of the following is the closest in meaning to the word charming?
A. attractive B. crowded C. busy D. peaceful
Question 37. Which of the following is true about the Cambodian Empire of Angkor?
A. It went through the Dark Ages, from the 9th to the 14th centuries.
B. Its capital was Siem Reap.
C. It was a large empire.
D. It was built by King Suryavarmanll.
Question 38. What do we learn about Angkor Thom in second paragraph?
A. The city is Cambodia's capital.
B. The city has the world's largest temple.
C. The city is home to many tourists.
D. The city took 30 years to build.
Question 39. Which of the following is the closest in meaning to the word weathered?
A. survived B. worn away C. endured D. suffered
Question 40. What is said about Angkor Wat?
A. It has approximately 100 stone statues.
B. The temples are in complete ruins.
C. It is 800 years old.
D. It is only opened at sunrise and sunset.
Question 41. What do you need to bring when visiting Cambodia?
A. 1 passport photo B. a visa
C. warm clothes D. comfortable footwear
Question 42. Which of the following is the closest in meaning to the word currency?
A. credit card B. cheque C. money D. gold
Circle the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the sentence that is closest in meaning to each of the
following questions.
Question 43. The children couldn't go swimming because the sea was too rough.
A. The children were not calm enough to swim in the sea.
B. The sea was rough enough for the children to swim in.
C. The sea was too rough for the children to go swimming.
 D. The sea was too rough to the children's swimming.
Question 44. "Would you like to come to my birthday party, Sarah?" asked Fred.
A. Fred invited Sarah to his birthday party.
B. Fred asked if Sarah was able to come to his birthday party.
C. Fred asked Sarah if she likes his birthday party or not.
D. Fred reminded Sarah of his upcoming birthday party.
Question 45. Peter didn’t arrive in time to see her.
A. Peter was so late that I can't see her. B. Peter wasn't too early to see her.
C. Peter wasn't early enough to see her. D. Peter wasn't late to see her.
Circle the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the underlined part that needs correction in each of the
following questions.
Question 46. My mobile phone can be used for check emails because it is connected to the Internet.
A B C D
Question 47. Yesterday, I wrote a letter to my grandparents and sended it by post.
A B C D
Question 48. I apologised to the teacher because I wasn't listening when she was asking me a question.
A B C D
Circle the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the sentence that best combines each pair of sentences in the
following questions.
Question 49. I am going to the capital. I wanted to find a good job.
A. I am going to the capital to finding a good job.
B. I am going to the capital will find a good job.
C. I am going to the capital for finding a good job.
D. I am going to the capital to find a good job.
Question 50. "Cigarette?" he asked. "No, thanks," I said.
A. He asked for a cigarette, and I refused.
B. He mentioned a cigarette, so I thanked him.
C. He offered me a cigarette, and I declined.
D. He asked if I was smoking, so I denied.
 Unit 6 | GENDER EQUALITY
A PRONUNCIATION
1 Choose the word that has a different stress pattern from the other three by circling A, B, C, or
D.
1. A. quiet B. party C. special D. today
2. A. orange B. partner C. table D. demand
3. A. power B. retrieve C. engine D. diet
4. A. greedy B. exchange C. manage D. carpet
5. A. carry B. relax C. comfort D. income
6. A. pursue B. equal C. limit D. lonely
7. A. prefer B. progress (n) C. treatment D. workforce
8. A. China B. table C. remark D. export (n)
9. A. slender B. clever C. happy D. export (v)
10. A. present(n) B. decide C. begin D. relate
2 Practice saying these sentences, paying attention to the stress.
1. Unfortunately, gender discrimination still exists in our modern day society.
2. In some countries, girls are pressured into marrying at a young age.
3. I believe everyone should have a chance to go to school.
4. Do you think that women are paid as much as men?
5. Both the husband and wife should share responsibility in doing housework.
B VOCABULARY & GRAMMAR
1 Match each word with its definition.
1. maternity leave a. unfair treatment
2. pressure b. a person that advocates women's rights
3. feminist c. support or encourgage something
4. male chauvinist d. a period of absence from work granted to a mother before and after the
birth of her child
5. discrimination e. having strong determination to succeed
6. financial independence f. make the differences smaller
7. bridge the gap g. a man who thinks males are better than females
8. promote h. try to win
9. ambitious i. the act of pushing and persuading someone to do something
10. compete j. having enough money to support oneself
2 Complete the following sentences using the correct form of the words in Exercise 1.
1. She had to ________ with four other boys for the gold medal.
2. Providing education is an important way to raise income and ________ between the poor and rich.
3. She was determined to find a job and have ________ so she wouldn't have to ask her husband for
money.
4. The company has put advertisements everywhere to ________ their new product.
5. Growing up, he suffered a lot of ________, just because of his dark skin colour.
6. His mother was hard-working and ________. She wanted to get the high position in the company.
7. Emma Watson is a famous ________ who often speaks out for women's rights.
8. My boss is such a ________! He thinks he's smarter than all women.
9. In developing countries, many girls are ________ into marrying at a young age.
10. Her company only allows her three months of ________, so she has to hire a nanny to take car of her
baby.
3 Circle the correct answer.
1. Can /Should/ Mustn't I help you?
2. If you travel to the USA you can/should / must have a visa.
3. You shouldn't/ don't have to / couldn't laugh at old people.
4. Passengers must/ must not/ should not smoke on the bus.
5. I think you should /must/may eat less and take more exercise.
6. You mustn't / may not / needn't tell me if you don't want to.
7. You may/have to/should drive on the left in Britain.
8. I can't/ can / shouldn't understand why girls are forbidden to learn in some countries.
9. I'm sorry but you don't have to/ mustn't/ shall speak loudly in the library.
10. Girls should/may not / shouldn't be kept at home to do housework.

4 Complete the second sentence by circling A, B, C or D, so that it has the same meaning as the
first sentence.
1. You had better reserve a table at the restaurant.
 You ________ reserve a table at the restaurant.
A. can B. should C. could D. may
2. Why don't we go to the cinema tonight?
 ________ we go to the cinema tonight?
A. Can B. Shall C. Will D. Should
3. When she won the lottery, she was able at last to buy her dream house.
 When she won the lottery, she _______ at last buy her dream house.
A. can B. might C. could D. would
4. You aren't allowed to smoke here.
 You _______ smoke here.
A. mustn't B. must C. shouldn't D. needn't
5. It is very likely that she is on holiday.
 She _______ be on holiday.
A. must B. can C. should D. will
6. Ann has no ability to play any musical instruments.
 Ann ________ play any musical instrument.
A. doesn't have to B. can't C. won't D. may not
7. Everybody is obliged to behave well in class.
 Everybody ______ behave well in class.
A. should B. have C. will D. must
8. It's likely that the weather will change in the afternoon.
 The weather _______ change in the afternoon.
A. will B. ought to C. would D. may
9. You are not allowed to go out with your friends in the evening.
 You _____ go out with your friends in the evening.
A. shall not B. would not C. can't D. won't
10. I advise you to buy that CD.
 You _______ buy that CD.
 A. may B. might C. ought to D. will
11. You can read books in the school library.
 Books ______ in the school library.
A. can be read B. be can read C. are read D. be read
12. You must return books on time.
 Books _______ on time.
A. must returned B. must be returned C. must return D. be returned
13. You should invite him too.
 He ________ too.
A. should invited B. be should invited C. should be invited D. be invited
14. They have to send that document to you.
 That document ________ to you.
A. has to sent B. has to be sent C. be sent D. has sent
15. They can hold this activity in the Community Center.
 This activity _______ in the Community Center.
A. can held B. have to hold C. be held D. can be held
5. Read the text about gender inequality in Vietnam. Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the
words in brackets.
(1)___________ of gender inequality has been around for some time. In (AWARE)
Vietnam, despite efforts made to reduce gender inequality, we can see that the
problem persists, for instance, in the continued (2) __________ for sons as (PREFER)
reflected in birth (3) _________. (BALANCE)
In an (4) _____________ environment where the younger generation is (EDUCATION)
actually being made aware of the problem, a recent study by UNESCO has found
gender stereotypes being (5) ___________. (ENFORCE)
Among 8,000 human characters that appear in grade 1-12 textbooks, only 24
per cent are women.
Furthermore, the female characters are typically illustrated as doing household
chores, (6) ____________ work, cooking and so on. The male characters are (AGRICULTURE)
policemen, scientists, researchers, doctors and engineers who seem to be more
important and have bigger impact on society. They are also portrayed as being
extroverted, the bread (7) ____________ of the family and having the power to (WIN)
make (8)_____________. The women are shown as introverted, weak and (DECIDE)
(9) _______________ on their husbands, the study finds. (DEPEND)
Tran Thi Phuong Nhung, director of UNESCO's Gender Equality and Girls'
Education (10) _______ in Vietnam, said that gender inequality would lead to a (INITIATE)
lot of problems if it is not (11) __________ in a comprehensive manner. (TACKLE)

C READING
1 Read the following news excepts about the first women
rangers. Then, answer the questions.
The US Army Ranger School let women participate in its 62-day
course for the first time.The extremely difficult course includes
parachute jumps, helicopter assaults and swamp survival.
 The course began with 19 women and 381 men. Only 94 men and two women, Kristen Griest and
Shaye Haver, completed the training. Griest and Shaye are the first women rangers. This is a historic
moment for the school
The women talked about their experience. One of them said that the swamp was the hardest part for
her. The women acknowledged they had initial concerns that their gender might have been an issue for
some of their fellow soldiers. Surpassing all doubts, both Griest and Haver said the way to make it
through ranger school is intense physical and mental conditioning.
(Text and image retrieved from: https://goo.gl/8uXHMR)
1. What is true about the Army Ranger School's course?
A. It used to enrol females only.
B. It is a course for soldiers.
C. It lasts for one month.
2. Which of the following is the closest in meaning to the word assault in paragraph 1?
A. assignment B. attack C. crash
3. How many people graduated from the course?
A. 381 B. 94 C. 96
4. What did the women worry about at the start of the course?
A. Their gender B. Their performance C. Their mental condition
2 Read the following news excepts about the green woman in Melbourne. Then, decide if each
statement is True or False.
When we cross the street, we are used to waiting for the green
man on the crossing sign, but in one Australian city the man no
longer wears pants. The city of Melbourne has made headlines
around the world. It changed some of its pedestrian lights from
men to women. This was an effort to cross the gender gap.
A member of the Melbourne city board said that we are used to seeing only a male figure on the
crossing sign. People call Melbourne the world's most livable city and she thinks that it could be also
called one of the world's most equal cities.
However, some of Melbourne's men wonder if it is at all necessary. One of them said that for him, it is
only a crossing light. He does not think of it is a male or a female figure.
Melbourne's mayor is a man. He also is unconvinced that his daughters will feel more empowered as
young women because the signs now show women.
The lights will stay in place for at least one year.
(Text and image retrieved from: https://goo.gl/tv4bVA)
5. True/False Crossing signs usually show a man.
6. True/False All of the crossing lights in Melbourne shows women.
7. True/False Melbourne is the world's most gender-equal city.
8. True/False The men in Melbourne are against changing the crossing lights to a female
figure.
9. True/False Melbourne's mayor is supportive of the idea.
10. True/False The female figure will remain in the crossing lights for at least one year.
3 Read the following news excepts about Saudi Arabian women. Then, answer the questions.
Absallah al-Mouallimi, the Saudi ambassador to the UN, cheerfully announced a small step towards
gender equality in Saudi Arabia after a royal decree was issued giving women the right to drive.
 Prior to the change, women in the ultra- conservative kingdom who
defied the ban in protest would often go to jail. Saudi women still need
permission from a male guardian to travel, get a job, marry or divorce,
but this is still a welcome move towards modernity.
(Text and image retrieved from: https://goo.gl/UwZJk6)
1. Match each word/phrase from the text with its meaning:
i. announce a. openly resist
ii. royal decree b. officially say something
iii. prior to c. an order given by a king or queen
iv. conservative d. holding to traditional attitudes and values
v. defy e. a person is legally responsible for someone
vi. guardian f. before
2. What is true about women in Saudi Arabia?
A. They are forbidden to go out.
B. They are put in jail if they drive.
C. They have fewer rights than men.
3. Which of the following can a Saudi woman do on her own?
A. drive B. divorce C. work
4 Read the following news excepts about a study on men versus women. Then, answer the
questions.
A study carried out by Washington State University asked 122 men
and women to take a maths test and then guess how well they had
done. The guinea pig men and women were then told their scores and
asked to take another test.
After the second test, there was no information offered about how
they had done, but they were asked to guess their results instead. It
turned out that men consistently thought they had done better than they
actually had. The women’s estimations, on the other hand, were right on the money.
Although the sample was quite small, researchers say that gender gaps in areas like science,
engineering, and maths may be the result of men thinking too highly of their performance. The report also
shows the potential need for positive illusions.
(Text and image retrieved from: https://goo.gl/WDeEi7)
1. Match each word/phrase from the text with its meaning:
i. guinea pig a. done in the same way over time
ii. consistent b. correct
iii. estimation c. a portion drawn from a population
iv. right on the money d. people used as a subject for experiment
v. sample e. a guess
vi. illusion f. false impression
2. What was true about the study?
A. 122 men and 112 women participated in the study.
B. The participantsin the study had to guess their test score.
C. The participantsinthe study had to do three tests in total.
3. How do men and women differ when guessing the scores on the second test?
A. The men thought they perform better than the women.
 B. The women thought they had done better than they actually had.
C. The women had correct guesses of their scores.
4. From the text, we can infer that in the ______ field, we might find gender gaps.
A. medicine B. education C. art
5 Read the following text about an incredible girl called Malala Yousafzai and her fight against
inequality. Then, answer the questions by circling A, B or C.
Today women have the right to vote in many countries around the world. But
there are still places where girls don't have the right to go to school.
An example is given by Malala Yousafzai. She was born on the 12th July 1997
in Pakistan and she is an activist for female education.
When she was 11-12 years old, Malala wrote a blog for the BBC about her life
in an area of Pakistan controlled by the local Taliban who had banned girls from
attending schools.
She told the world she was studying at home because the extremists had closed
her school.
The New York Times made a documentary about her; she gave interviews in print and on television
and became famous. The extremists were very angry. On the afternoon of October 9th 2012, she was
getting on her school bus to go home when a man shot her.
In the days immediately following the attack, she remained unconscious and in critical condition, but
later her condition improved enough for her to be sent to hospital in England for intensive rehabilitation.
Malala recovered and people all around the world praised her.
Time magazine called her one of "the 100 most influential people in the world". On 12th July 2013 she
spoke at the United Nations in New York. She asked for education for all kids worldwide.
She won many prizes for peace, including the Nobel Peace Prize when she was seventeen. Malala was
the youngest winner to win the prize.
Malala says that education is the only answer to poverty. Without education, there are no dreams for
the future. One book, one teacher and one pen can change the world. Education is the only solution!
(Text adapted from: https://goo.gl/DmQz3F)
1. What do we learn from the first paragraph?
A. Women have voting rights all around the world.
B. Women in many countries cannot travel to different places.
C. In some parts of the world, girls cannot go to school.
2. Who is Malala Yousafzai?
A. She promotes girl education.
B. She is a normal Pakistani girl.
C. She is an example of a woman who does not have voting rights.
3. What is true about Malala's blog?
A. It was for a newspaper in Pakistan.
B. It talked about how the Taliba closed her school.
C. It was about the lives of people in Pakistan.
4. Why were the Taliban extremists very angry?
A. Because she was shot.
B. Because she appeared in the New York Times newspaper.
C. Because she spoke out about what was happening.
5. What happened after the extremists shot her?
 A. She was sent right away to a hospital in England.
B. She was in a very serious condition, but she eventually got better.
C. She recovered very quickly.
6. What happened after Malala recovered from the gunshot?
A. She received a lot of recognition for her bravery.
B. She went back to Pakistan to advocate for education for kids.
C. She spoke to children about her prizes.
7. What is Malala's view on education?
A. It is the way to escape poverty.
B. It is essential to win many prizes.
C. It cannot be done without books and teachers.

D WRITING
1 Rewrite the sentences below using the modal given.
1. She is able to speak French really well. (can)
_________________________________________________________________
2. I'm sure I am going to learn German quite quickly. (will)
_________________________________________________________________
3. Please help me with my English. (would)
_________________________________________________________________
4. There is someone at the door. Perhaps it's our Russian teacher. (might)
_________________________________________________________________
5. You are obliged to know Spanish to get this job. (must)
_________________________________________________________________
6. He was able to speak Portuguese when he was younger. (could)
_________________________________________________________________
7. I will probably pass the exam if I'm lucky. (may)
_________________________________________________________________
8. She should study harder to pass her French exam. (ought to)
_________________________________________________________________
2 Rewrite the second sentence in the passive voice.
1. We must do the work today.
The work _________________________________________________________________ today.
2. You should call the ambulance.
The ambulance _________________________________________________________________.
3. It's 7 o'clock. They must serve dinner.
It's 7 o'clock. Dinner _____________________________________________________________.
4. We must finish this project by Friday.
This project_____________________________________________________________by Friday.
5. He said that they can fix my computer.
He said that my computer _________________________________________________________.
6. They don't have to clean the office today.
The office _________________________________________________________________today.
7. They mustn't drop used tissue on the floor.
Used tissue ____________________________________________________________ on the floor.
8. We shouldn't cut the grass in our back yard.
The grass in our back yard _________________________________________________________.
9. We can't park our cars near the theater, as the parking lot is full.
Our cars _______________________________________ near the theater, as the parking lot is full.
10. Kids shouldn't leave their toys in the living room.
The kids' toys______________________________________________________ in the living room.
3 Writing an opinion text on gender equality. First, read the following prompts. Then, put them in
the table under the appropriate heading.

a) Many governments have both male and female representatives.

b) Women still earn less than men in many work situations.
c) Women are still portrayed in a superficial manner in many television shows.
d) Television series now portray women as successful career makers.
e) Men now share the raising of children and household responsibilities.
f) Most governments arestill made up in their majority of men.
g) Women are often not given enough responsibility at work based on the possibility that they might
become pregnant.
h) Many important laws have been passed to ensure equality in the workplace.
i) Many companies are now owned or managed by women.
j) A lot of progress has been made thanks to women's involvement.

Women still have a long way to go before

Yes, women are equal to men.
they are equal to men.

Now, write a short text giving your opinion on whether women are finally truly equal to men. Use
the ideas above to help you create an argument for your point of view. Below you will find phrases
and language helpful in expressing opinions, offering explanations and disagreeing.
 Giving reasons and Giving opinions /
Disagreeing:
offering explanations: preferences:

To start with, I think..., I do not think that...,

The reason why..., In my opinion..., I do not agree,
For this reason..., The way I see it..., Shouldn't we consider...,
If it were up to me...,
That's the reason why...,
I suppose...,
Many people think...., I'm afraid I don't agree...,
I suspect that...,
Considering..., I doubt if...,
It is fairly certain that...,
Allowing for the fact that..., The truth of the matter is...,
I strongly believe that...,
When you consider that...
Without a doubt,

_________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________
 Unit 7 | CULTURAL DIVERSITY
A PRONUNCIATION
1 Put a mark (') before the stressed syllable of each underlined word in the following sentences.
1. The girl and her boyfriend were in aconflict.
2. Your stories of what happened conflict with each other.
3. There has been a decrease in sales recently.
4. You need to decrease the number of calories you eat each day.
5. We would like to import more coffee over the next few years.
6. Coffee sold in America is an import from Vietnam.
7. We need to increase our sales figures.
8. There has been an increase in accidents during the Tet holiday.
9. What she said was really rude. It felt like an insult.
10. I told her not to insult me.
11. We need to perfect our presentation before we can show it in front of the whole class.
12. Your homework is perfect.
13. Do you have a permit to drive this car?
14. Will you permit me to drive your car?
15. Allow me to present my boyfriend, Tom.
16. I received a really nice present from my mom on my birthday.
17. They sell all kinds of produce at the market.
18. Our farm produce excellent vegetables and fruits.
19. I had to protest about the dirty kitchen.
20. There was a protest going on in the street.
21. It's important to record how much you spend every month.
22. She always keeps a record of what she spends every month.
23. The police interviewed the suspect for five hours, but then let him go.
24. I suspect thathe was the one stealing my money.
25. In Vietnamese, if you address an older person, you have to use polite words like “dạ” or “ạ”.
26. Do you know.Phong's address?
27. The content of your essay is fine, but you need to check your grammar.
28. The little girl was eating her icecream, looking very content.
29. What is that object sitting on the table?
30. Would anyone object if I turned the volume up?
2 Check your answers for Exercise 1. Then, practice saying the sentences.
B VOCABULARY & GRAMMAR
1 Write the appropriate word from the box next to its definition.

cold feet flower girl speech proposal fiancée

register bouquet bride groom reception
engagement engagement ring honeymoon
1. ____________________ a girl who carries the bouquet for the bride
2. ____________________ a personal and heart warming given about the bride and groom while
giving a toast
3. ____________________ a ring showing the woman has accepted a marriage proposal
4. ____________________ someone who has agreed to be married
5. ____________________ the book where the marriage is officially recorded
6. ____________________ the bunch of flowers carried (and later thrown) by the bride
7. ____________________ the female partner in a wedding
8. ____________________ the holiday taken by the married couple after the wedding
9. ____________________ the male partner in a wedding
10 .____________________the party following the wedding ceremony
11.____________________ the period between deciding to marry and the wedding
12.____________________ to become afraid to marry
13.____________________ when a man asks a woman to marry him
2 Using the correct form of the words from Exercise 1, complete the following sentences.
1. Whoever catches the ________ will be the next to marry!
2. The ________ should always be the most beautiful woman on the day.
3. I thought she had ________, but she was just late for the ceremony.
4. She had a huge diamond on her ________.
5. She doesn't want him to buy an expensive ________ ring.
6. My ________ and I are getting married next month.
7. The little ________ looked sweet, following the bride.
8. The bride and ________ kissed when the ceremony ended.
9. They went to Thailand for their ________.
10. His ________ was a grand romantic gesture when he asked her to marry him.
11. The ________ lasted for six hours, with food and dancing.
12. They signed the ________ after the ceremony.
13. The best man gave a hilarious ________ about the groom.
3 Circle the correct choice in each sentence.
1. Chinese is [the most spoken / more spoken than] language in the world.
2. My brother is [lazier than / the laziest] me.
3. It is usually [warmer/ the warmest] in spring than in winter.
4. Barack Obama has been one of [the most popular / more popular] American presidents in the world.
5. Football is [the most popular / more popular than] golf in our country.
6. Learning French is [the most difficult/ more difficult than] learning English.
7. Are you [as absent-minded as / the most absent minded] your brother?
8. Eating fruit and vegetable is [healthierthan / the healthiest] eating junk food.
9. The cheetah is [the fastest/ faster than] mammal in the world.
10. In my eyes, she is one of [the most beautiful/ more beautiful] women in the world.
11. would like to have [less / the least] homework to do.
12. Schindler's list is one of [the best / better than] films I have ever seen.
13. My neighbours are [nicer than /most nicest] the people living opposite.
14. My car is [faster than / most fastest] many other modern cars now.
15. Theo is [taller than / the tallest] boy in the class.
4 Complete the sentences with the comparative or superlative form.
1. This wedding dress is (expensive) ________ one in the whole world.
2. This is a letter that my friend Kate has recently sent to me. It's (interesting) ________ one.
3. I think that the music made by the harp is (beautiful) _______ than that made by the saxophone.
4. Sally told me her current boyfriend has been (attractive) _______ one.
5. Most teenagers think that hip hop music is (exciting) _______ than other types of music.
6. I think that Captain Hook is [frightening) _______ than the pirates in other fairy tales.
7. Kate, you have to cross at this side of the street, it's (risky) _______ than the other side.
8. The shark is (dangerous) _______ sea animal.
9. Mr Peter (handsome) ________ and (attractive) _______ man in our office.
10. This is a very good opportunity to buy clothes, especially that the clothes in this mall are (expensive)
________ than other malls.
11. I'd rather go to the stadium. I find that it's (interesting) _______ than the cinema.
12. Suzie is (generous) _______ than most people. She donates most of her money to charities.
5 Read the following sentences about Korean culture. Write an article a, an, or the where
necessary. If no article is required, write  .
1. Korean is ________ official language of South Korea.
2. _______ Republic of Korea is _______ industrialized _______ nation.
3. _______ South Korea has two mountain ranges, _______TaebaekMountainsand _______ Sobaek
Mountains.
4. _______three major rivers are_______Han, _______Kum, and_______Naktong.
5. _______Seoul is_______capital of Korea.
6. All Korean holidays are based on_______lunar calendar.
7. _______Chuseok, _______Harvest Moon Festival, is_______time for Thanksgiving.
8. Yut is_______popular board game for_______Lunar New Year celebration.
9. _______most famous Korean story is "_______Tale of Chunnhyang". It is_______popular love story.
10. One of Korea's most famous places is_______theme park called Everland Resort.
11.When you visit______Korean home, you should always remove your shoes at_______entrance.
12. _______Kimchi is_______dish that is unique to_______Korea.
13. Dishes at _______ dining table are always passed with_______right hand.
14. Korean words have special endings to use when speaking to_______elder.
15. Scientists at Seoul National University created_______world's first cloned dog. It was _______
Afghan hound named_______Snuppy.
16. _______traditional Korean style outfit is called_______hanbok.
17. _______woman's hanbok has_______blouse, called_______chogori, and it has_______very full skirt.
18. _______blouse is tied at_______waist and has_______long, full sleeves.
19. _______ men's chogori tends to be longer than _______women's and is styled more
like_______tunic.
20. Instead of_______skirt, men wear_______baggy trousers called paji.
6 Complete the doze text below about the British monarchy. Each gap can be filled with only one
word.
The position 1. _______ the monarch 2. _______ Britain is 3.
_______ perfect illustration of the contradictory nature of the
constitution. 4. _______ the evidence of written law only, 5. ______
Queen has almost absolute power, and 6. _______ all seems very
undemocratic.
Every autumn, 7. _______ the state opening of Parliament, Elizabeth
II, 8. _______ became Queen 9. _______1952, makes a speech. In it, she
says 10. _______ her government intends to 11. _______ in the coming
year. As 12. _______as the law is concerned, she 13. _______ choose
anybody she likes to 14. _______ the government for her. There are 15. _______ restrictions 16. _______
whom she picks 17. _______ her Prime Minister. It does not 18. _______ to be somebody who 19.
_______been elected. She could choose me; she could even choose you.
The same is true 20. _______ her choices of people to fill some hundred or 21. _______ other
ministerial positions. And if she gets fed 22. _______ with her ministers, she can just dismiss 23.
_______. Officially speaking, they are all 'servants of the Crown’.
She also appears 24. _______ have great power 25._______ the Parliament. It is she who summons a
Parliament, and she who dissolves it before a general election. Nothing 26. _______ Parliament has
decided can become law until she has agreed 27. _______ it.
C READING
1 Read the text aboutPeruvian dogs getting married. Then, answer the questions.
In Peru, dogs walked down the aisle just like at any other
wedding. They even signed the registers with their inky paw
prints! The ceremony also had balloons, confetti, guests, and
wedding cakes.
The district gave the dog owners wedding certificates. One
owner said that her dog played with another dog for more
than a year and they fell in love. The owner said that she was
very happy that they got married.
(Text and image retrieved from: https://goo.gl/WBubgE.)
1. Find in the text the words that match the following definitions:
i. _________________ an animal's 'hand'
ii. _________________ small pieces of colored paper thrown during a celebration
iii._________________ a local government
iv._________________ get married
v. _________________ an official document for record
2 What happens at a dog wedding?
A. The dogs kiss each other.
B. The dogs sign a document.
C. The dogs cut a cake.
3 Why did the dogs get married?
A. Because they fell in love.
B. Because they like to play with each other.
C. Because their owners wanted them to.
2 Read the text aboutBritish tea. Then, decide if each statement is True or False.
It is rare to pass the threshold of any British house for long before
you are offered a cup of tea. With the average Briton drinking three
cups a day, it is clear that the popularity of this drink is still going
strong.
How to make the perfect cup of tea
(i) Before you put the tea in the pot, the pot should be warmed with
boiling water, which is then poured away.
(ii) Boiling water should be added to the tea and then left to brew for approximately 3-5 minutes.
(iii) A little milk should be poured into each cup before pouring in the strained tea.
(iv) The tea must not be stirred, but should be gently folded away from you.
(v) The little finger should be gently raised while lifting the tea cup to ensure balance of cup.
 (Text adapted from “Best of British" by Georgina EadE.)
1. True/False Tea drinking in England is still popular today.
2. True/False Pour boiling water into the teapot and then add the tea.
3. True/False A little milk should be poured into the tea cup first before the tea.
4. True/False You should stir in the milk after pouring in the tea.
5. True/False You should raise your little finger when drinking from the tea cup.

3 Read the text about horse jumping in Spain. Then, answer the questions.
There is a winter festival in one Spanish village when horses and riders jump over fires in the streets.
People believe it originated in the Middle Ages as a ritual during times of bad illness. The people kept
this ritual despite criticism from animal rights groups.
One of the riders says that the horses are very intelligent
animals. If a horse jumps through the fire and nothing
happens, then it can cross easily many more times. Even if
you borrow his horse and you cannot ride, it will go around
the whole village and cross the fires without a single problem.
In recent years, more tourists from across Spain have come
to see the riders in action. One student from Madrid says that
it is so beautiful to see how the horses cross the fires again and again with a lot of energy.
Critics say that the festival is against the national laws on the animal protection and public
entertainment, but for the moment, this tradition shows no signs of ending.
(Text and image retrieved from: https://goo.gl/XRXezf)
1. Find the words in the text that match the following definitions:
i. ______________ the expression of disapproval
ii. ______________ a moral or legal entitlement
iii.______________ something traditional that people do over and over again
iv.______________ fun
v. ______________start
2. Where did the fire jumping tradition begin and why?
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
3. What happened when animal rights groups criticised the ritual?
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
4. According to one rider, why can horses jump through fire without harm?
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
5. What has happened to local tourism as a result of this festival?
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
6. What has happened to local tourism as a result of this festival?
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
3 Read the following text about a Hungrarian holiday called Luca Day. Answer the questions by
circling A, B or C.
In Hungary, there is a holiday called Luca Day on December 13th.
There are different opinions about Luca's personality. Some say she was
a witch but it also has been suggested she was a saint.
Many superstitions and customs are related to the 13th of December,
for one because of the number 13, and also according to some, it is the
traditional night for evil spirits-since it is the longest night of the year.
For girls, many customs related to Luca Day can foretell something
about their future husband. One such custom is still popular. A girl
takes 12 slips of paper. On 11 of the slips, she writes 11 different boys'
names, one per slip, and one slip is left empty. The girl then rolls up all
the slips and places them in a box. Then, every evening until the 24th, she will take out one slip of paper
and burn it - but she must not unroll it and look at the name beforehand! She may look only at the last one
- the one she unrolled on the eve of the 24th - and it will contain the name of her future husband. If she
ends up with the empty slip, this means she won't ever get married.
Then there are some Luca Day customs for everyone - and many involve weather, wealth and money.
In one such tradition, every day between December 13 and 24, people take notes about the weather. This
will show them what the weather will be like in the next 12 months. This custom probably originated and
was popular in the villages, where the farmer's livelihood depended upon the weather.
Two additional customs for Luca Day or December 13 are related to money. If you want to be rich in
the coming year, don't spend even one penny on the 13th! But if someone gives you money on that day, it
means luck for you.
Finally, people may also sow wheat into a cup or onto a plate on LucaDay. If your wheat grows in
thick and high by December 24th, it means that you will be prosperous in the coming year. If not, you will
be poor!
(Text retrieved from: https://goo.gl/oQcr3F)
1. What is true about the identity of Luca?
A. She was a witch.
B. She was a saint.
C. It is not clear who she was.
2. Why are there many superstitions surrounding Luca Day?
A. Because Luca Day is associated with the number 13.
B. Because Luca Day happens on the darkest night in a year.
C. Because evil spirits appear on this day.
3. If a girl wants to know the name of her future husband, what mustn't she do?
A. Burn a piece of paper each night except for the last one.
B. Write names on all but one piece of paper.
C. Look at the paper before she burns it.
4. What does it mean if the last piece of paper is empty?
A. Her husband's name can be anything.
B. She will not have a husband.
C. Her husband has already appeared.
5. What is a Luca Day custom that relates to the weather?
A. People record the weather for 12 days.
 B. People write down what the weather was like in the previous year.
C. People wish for good weather in the next 12 months
6. What is true about this weather tradition on Luca Day?
A. It started in urban areas.
B. It was practiced more in the villages.
C. Only farmers practice this tradition.
7. You will be poor if, you _______.
A. receive money from someoneon Luca Day
B. can grow wheat by December 24th
C. spend money on Luca Day.
5 Read the following text about the Claddagh Ring. Then, answer the questions.

(A. The Claddagh ring is a traditional Irish ring which shows two hands holding a heart and a crown at
the top. The hands are a symbol of friendship, the heart stands for love and the crown means loyalty. It
goes along with the motto "This is my heart which I give to you crowned with my love." Over the years
the design has become very popular.
(B. The romantic story of the mystical and beautiful Claddagh ring began over 300 years ago in the
Irish fishing village of Claddagh, just outside the walls of the city of Galway on the west coast of Ireland.
Legend tells us that Algerian pirates captured a fishing boat from the village and they sold the crew as
slaves. One of the men, Richard Joyce, was sold to a rich Moorish goldsmith who trained him in his craft.
During his captive years he didn't forget his girlfriend back home and made a ring of gold for her. After
many years Richard was set free and went back to Claddagh. He gave the ring to his sweetheart and
married her who had waited for 14 years for him to return. Richard Joyce became a famous goldsmith.
(C. People traditionally wore it as a friendship ring and as a wedding ring but today it is also used as an
engagement ring. The way in which you wear a Claddagh ring shows your relationship status. On the
right hand with the point of the heart toward the fingertips, the wearer is single and may be looking for
love. On the right hand with the point of the heart toward the wrist, the wearer is in a relationship. On the
left hand with the point of the heart toward the fingertips, the wearer is engaged. On the left hand with the
point of the heart toward the wrist, the wearer is married.
1. What is the best heading for each paragraph?
The usage
Paragraph A: ____________ The symbolism
Paragraph B: ____________ The engagement
Paragraph C: ____________ The love
The song
The legend
2. True/False The Claddagh ring is a popular Irish tradition.
3. True/False The hands symbolise love.
4. True/False The Claddagh Ring has its origins more than two centuries ago.
5. True/False Algerian pirates captured a fishing boat from Claddagh.
6. True/False Richard Joyce escaped and trained as as goldsmith.
7. True/False He made a ring for his sweetheart when he returned home.
8. True/False The ring is traditionally worn as an engagement ring.
9. True/False If someone wears the ring on the right hand, it means he/she is single.
10. True/False If someone wears the ring on the left hand it means he/she is already in a
relationship.

D WRITING
1 Complete the second sentence using two to five words including the word in hold, so that its
meaning is similar to the first sentence.
1. A car is more comfortable than a bus.
less A bus is ________________________________________________________ a car.
2. I have never tasted such a delicious cake.
the It's ___________________________________________________I have ever tasted.
3. Mary is 1.50m tall. Helen is 1.50m tall, too.
as Mary ___________________________________________________________Helen.
4. Carry is more fit than Jake.
than Jake ____________________________________________________________Carry.
5. Bread is healthier than crisps.
as Crisps are _______________________________________________________bread.
6. Mike weighs 60kg. Nick weighs 60kg, too.
as Mike ___________________________________________________________Nick.
7. A gorilla is stronger than a monkey.
not A monkey ____________________________________________________a gorilla.
8. I have never seen such a beautiful painting.
the It's ____________________________________________________ have ever seen.
2 Write a short text describing the origins of British superstitions, using the given prompts. The
first one has been done for you.
1. Don't open an umbrella indoors
- Origin: London, the 18th century
- Umbrellas used large metal spokes
- difficult to open; can cause injuries
2. Don't walk under a ladder
- Origin: Egypt, thousands of years ago
- Egyptians believed in power of the pyramids
- Ladder leaning on wall form a triangle, like a pyramid
- Walking underneath break the power of the pyramid
3. Don't break a mirror
- Origin: Roman times
- Reflection represented your soul
- If the reflection was distorted, your soul would be distorted
- People's health changed in 7-year cycles, hence 7 years of bad luck

ORIGINS OF BRITISH SUPERSITIONS

1. Don't open an umbrella indoors
 People believe that this superstition started in the 18th century in London when waterproof umbrellas
with large metal spokes began to be used. The umbrellas were very large and difficult to open, so they
often caused an injury to someone or caused an object to be broken if opened in the house.
2. Don't walk under a ladder
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
3. Don't break a mirror
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
 Unit 8 | NEW WAYS TO LEARN
A PRONUNCIATION
1 Choose the word that has the underlined part pronounced differently from the other three by
circling A, B, C or D.
1. A. electronic B. contribute C. introduce D. personal
2. A. similar B. interest C. device D. animal
3. A. native B. escape C. headache D. portable
4. A. access B. tablet C. desktop D. present (n)
5. A. concentrate B. conflict C. introduce D. symbolic
2 Choose the word that has a different stress pattern from the other th circling A, B, C, or D.
1. A. fantastic B. energy C. expensive D. aggression
2. A. party B. special C. today D.orange
3. A. wonderful B. laughable C. badminton D. temptation
4. A. demand B. table C. partner D. power
5. A. celery B. trampoline C. industry D. library
6. A. distinguished B. tremendous C. portable D. however
7. A. quiet B. engine C. diet D. retrieve
8. A. greedy B. manage C. carpet D. although
9. A. Understand B. dependent C. museum D. opinion
10. A. comfort B. exchange C. relax D. resist
B VOCABULARY & GRAMMAR
1 Complete the sentences with the correct answer (A, B, C, or D).
1. Computers,cellphones,cameras and televisions are technological ______.
A. tool B. devices C. elements D. games
2. Technology devices make our lives _______.
A. lighter B. longer C. easier D. taller
3. A computer ______ the knowledge and data that we save.
A. gives B. stores C. puts D. keep
4. ______is any set of instructions that tells the hardware what to do.
A. Webcam B. Software C. Hardware D. Printer
5. We can______to the Internet with just one click.
A. put B. find C. connect D. go
6. You should be careful about which personal photos you want to ______ on Instagram.
A. post B. receive C. get D. take
7. Some people can really become ______ to the Internet.
A. user B. fan C. addicted D. positive
8. Televisions, microwave ovens, cellular phones and computers ______ radiation.
A. get B. emit C. take D. leave
9. This Ipad has ______ screen.
A. untouchable B. touch C. point D. pointable
10. Whenever you're creating a password, it's important to create a strong one that nobody will be able to
______.
A. think B. understand C. guess D. see
2 Choose the most appropriate word in each sentence.
1. This computer is fitted with a three point cable/plug/socket.
2. Don't touch that wire! It's live/lively/living.
3. This Ipod is motivated/powered/run by batteries.
4. The set wouldn't work because there was a faulty connection/link/joint.
5. Can you lend me your cell phone? Mine is running/finishing/starting out of battery.
6. The appliance is powered by a small electric engine/machine/motor.
7. With a USB, I can save/burn/record my files to it and then, I erase them and use the disk over and over
again.
8. USB flash drives offer potential advantages over other portable storage devices/gears/appliances.
3 Use a verb form and a particle to complete each sentence.
click switch shut scan log hack go scroll type pop
ON DOWN IN INTO UP
1. ______ the link to visit our website.
2. The printer is not working, since I have forgotten to ______it______!
3. Close all programs before you ______ your computer.
4. You can ______ your photos and email them to your friends.
5. You'll need a password to ______
6. A teenager managed to _______ the bank's main database.
7. I hope the computer doesn't ______ again or I'll never finish this work.
8. ______ the page until you find the items you want.
9. ______ the password and press 'enter'.
10. If you click on the right button a ______ menu will appear.
4 Fill in the blanks with only ONE function word.
Today, millions of people want to learn or improve their English but it is difficult to find 1. ______
best method. Is it better to study in Britain or America or 2. ______ study in your own country?
The advantages of going to Britain seem obvious. Firstly, you will 3. ______ able to listen to the
language all the time you are in the country. You will be completely surrounded 4. ______ the language
wherever you go. Another advantage is that you have to speak the language if you are with other people.
In your country, it 5. ______ always possible, in the class, to speak your mother tongue if you want to,
and that means the learning is slower.
On the other hand, there are also advantages to staying 6. ______ home to study. You do 7. ______
have to make big changes to your life. As well as this, it is also 8. ______ lot cheaper than going to
Britain. If you have a good teacher, I think you 9. ______ learn in a more concentrated way.
So, 10. ______ conclusion, I think that if you have enough time and enough money, the best choice is
to spend some time 11. ______ the UK. This is simply not possible for most people, so being in your
own country might be the only viable option. The best thing you 12. ______ do in this situation is to
maximise your opportunities: to speak only English 13. ______ class and to try 14. ______ use English
whenever possible outside the class.
5 Complete each sentence with a relative pronoun.
1. The man ______ lives next door has just died.
2. Can you show me the novel ______ you bought yesterday?
3. The man ______ we visited in the hospital last week has been discharged.
4. The man ______ house is next to the post office is my teacher.
5. The letter ______ was received this morning has no stamps on it.
6. The maid ______ is cleaning the room is underpaid.
7. Where is the lady______ won the quiz of intelligence?
8. He remembers the day _____ the police caught him.
9. The dictionary ______ Michelle is using right now belongs to me.
10. That child ______ parents are not here is crying.
11. My cat caught the rat _____ ate the cheese.
12. Those are the players ______ we saw two days ago.
13. Where is the boy _______ spoke to me just now?
14. The lady ______ daughter is your friend has just come here.
15. The oranges ______ I bought yesterday are sour.
6 Complete the sentences with the most appropriate choice (A, B, C, or D).
1. The author's house ______ he was born and lived throughout his life has now been converted into a
museum.
A. which B. where C. when D. whose
2. The woman ______ son was badly injured in the accident was crying
A. whom B. who C. whose D. of whom
3. The boy requested to know ______ the matter was with his younger brother, but they didn't reveal
anything.
A. how B. what C. where D. who
4. A major concern among archaeologists today is the preservation of archaeological sites ______ are
threatened by development.
A. which B. where C. when D.whose
5. The group leaders, some of ______ were appointed by the teacher, meet today to choose their
presentation topics.
A. that B. whom C. whose D. who
6. The first-year students______have no knowledge about coding, will be trained for one month.
A. which B. whom C. who D. when
7. Stratford is the town ______ Shakespeare was born in.
A. when B. whose C. who D. which
8. The British Prime Minister, ______ was interviewed yesterday, denied responsibility.
A. whom B. who C. whose D. when
9. The crowd, ______ was making a lot of noise, was told to move on by the police.
A. whose B. what C. which D. whom
10. The school, ______ has seven hundred students, had the best exam results in the country last year.
A. which B. when C. what D. whom
11. The capital city, ______ cathedral is one of the finest in the country, is worth visiting
A. whose B. which C. whom D. when
12. The mobile phone app ______ I use to study English is very good.
A. what B. whom C. which D. when
13. The house _____ they have rented is in the centre of town.
A. when B. which C. what D. whom
14. You will be introduced to the president ______ interests include fishing and traveling.
A. which B. who C. whom D. whose
15. Websites ______ have online English exercisesare very popular with students.
A. whose B. who C. which D. whom
C READING
1 Read the following texts about technology and learning. Then, answer the questions.
 Text 1: The Robot Teacher
The Brain Initiative project gave robots to four libraries across Australia.
One woman at one of the libraries said that the robots are teaching the kids a
skill set, critical thinking skills, and how to problem solve.
Ray the Robot is one of those robots, and it can walk, dance, follow
instructions, and get kids excited about coding with computers. With the
technology industry constantly growing, kids are at an advantage if they
learn the basics at a young age, which could then even land some of them into high-tech jobs in the
future.
(Text and image retrieved from: https://goo.gl/E6t8Mx)
1. What skills can kids learn from the robot?
_______________________________________________________________
2. What can Ray the Robot do?
_______________________________________________________________
3. What is the advantage of learning technology at a young age?
_______________________________________________________________

Text 2: Can You Learn English Using Games?

Yes, English learning games and even video games can help you learn and master English faster and
improve overall comprehension. Research studies have concluded that video games enhance traditional
learning methods and make mastering a new language like English fun and exciting. Without the firm
foundation in grammar and vocabulary provided by conventional
learning programs, however, you will not be able to learn English
with games alone.
When combined with a solid foundation in vocabulary and
grammar, video games help students improve reading,
comprehension, and even speaking skills. The key is practice,
practice, and more practice!
Learning games and video games naturally require the integration
of several linguistic skills including reading, listening, speaking, and even writing in some games. And by
removing the fear of making mistakes so common in students in traditional classroom settings, students
are free to practice the language and further develop their linguistic and cognitive abilities in the process.
(Text adapted from: https://goo.gl/ctxwEw)
4. Which of the following is true about English learning games?
A. They are more effective than traditional learning methods.
B. Students can learn English through English learning games alone.
C. They can support traditional methods of learning English.
5. How can students learn English better with games?
A. Students are afraid of making mistakes.
B. Students have fun while learning English.
C. Students need to practice as much as possible.
6. What is your opinion on learning English through games and video games?
____________________________________________________________
 Text 3: Pupils learn to code
Code is the language used to instruct computers. Facebook, your mobile apps and your browser are all
made with code! And there are a range of different programming
languages you can use - HTML, for example, is the computer code
used to create web pages.
Until 2014, British children were taught ICT (Information and
communications technology) in schools, which basically showed them
how to use technology. Under the new curriculum, there is a much
greater emphasis on learning about computers and teaching children
how to use code.
Children as young as five get practical experience of designing and writing computer programmes so
that they understand the basic principles of computer science.
Not everything will change; children will still learn how to use email, for example, but now they'll be
taught how networks like the Internet actually work too.
(Text adapted from: https://goo.gl/BNa9EE)

7. True/False We use code to give instructions to computers.

8. True/False HTML is the programming language of apps.
9. True/False Before 2014, students in Britain didn't learn ICT.
10. True/False Nowadays, British pupils learn how to code in school.
11. True/False Children design and write computer programmes from the age of five.
12. True/False Children will no longer need to learn how to use email.
2 Read the following text on learning English through Skype. Then, decide if the statements are
True (T) or False (F).
Learning English through Skype
Nowadays, it is very easy to find the answer to a question within minutes, or even to talk to a friend on
the other side of the world. Learning English on Skype has never been easier.
No need to travel
It is very likely that, if you are on the internet then you are either using a computer, laptop or mobile
phone. That is all you need to be able to connect, which most of us can do from home or work. Even if
you do not have any English teachers near to where you are, you can find them online.
This is perfect not only for those of us with busy schedules who can only fit in time to study in our
lunch breaks or on the way home from work, as it means we can log on and immediately be available.
Flexible and adaptable
As you will not need to travel, learning English on Skype
is much more flexible and adaptable. If something happened
last minute, such as an accident or an emergency meeting at
work, your speaking partner will already be online to see your
message about not being able to attend the lesson. That, and all
of us can find a spare 30 minutes during the day where we can
learn English. Some people may choose to do their household
chores whilst studying, others may be on their way to meet their friend. Whenever you have a spare
moment and Internet access, you can be learning English on Skype.
Easy to utilise technology
 Considering we are already connected and online, it is very easy to use this technology effectively to
better explain our ideas, opinions and feelings. It takes just a few moments to find a link and send to your
English conversation partner, to show them exactly what you want to express.If you struggle with
pronunciation or even remembering words, you could even record parts of your conversation to refer back
to later.
Chat with native English speakers easily, wherever you are
Sometimes it is difficult to find people to practice with, especially if there are not many native English
speakers in your country. The best thing about talking with native English speakers via Skype is that you
can find and connect with them easily. It also seems that, when talking with natives speakers who live in
their home country, they are more up-to-date with current idioms and slang. This is certainly helpful if
you travel often. Plus, it's fun!
Refer back to your lessons easily
What is worse than concentrating hard on your lesson, only to seemingly forget everything
immediately afterwards? The good thing about learning English on Skype is you can make notes and even
record your conversations to be able to come back to afterwards. This is probably one of the most
effective ways to learn, because you can listen back to how you are speaking and will be aware of what
mistakes you are making and when.
(Text adapted from: https://goo.gl/gGLMMQ)
1. _______ Communication is easier and faster nowadays.
2. _______ Learning via Skype is suitable for people who are busy.
3. _______ You need to travel to a computer lab to learn through Skype.
4. _______ Learning in traditional classrooms is more flexible.
5. _______ You cannot cancel your Skype lesson, even if you have an accident.
6. _______ You can do other things while studying online.
7. _______ It is easier to express your ideas online.
8. _______ With Skype, you can record your conversation to study later.
9. _______ It is difficult to find English speakers online.
10._______ English speakers who live in their home country know more current idioms and slangs.
3 Read the following text about the ways to learn English. Find a heading to each paragraph, there
are 3 you don't need to use:
A. Use All of Your Resources
B. Surround Yourself with English
C. Find a Good School or Course for Yourself
D. Don't Spend Much Money on English
E. Speak without Fear - Do Make Mistakes
F. Study it Every Free Minute
G. Spend Money on it
H. Involve in Learning All of Your Family and Friends

How To Learn English!

1. _______
People are usually afraid of making mistakes and then of looking stupid in the eyes of others. Don't
follow this pattern! The fastest way to learn anything is to do it - again and again until you get it right.
English is not an exception, so all you need is practice, practice and practice. And remember, everybody
makes mistakes, the more you make them the more you learn the language. And if you don't do mistakes
that means that you do nothing, that you are not improving your skills. One more thing to remember,
don't forget to correct your mistakes!
2. _______
Remember that you can hear and see English not only in your class. There are a lot of resources. First
of all it is the Internet, here you can listen to the English songs and sing them along, watch films, read
articles, communicate with people all over the world and write letters to them. You don't have the
Internet, that's not a problem, you always can listen to the radio, read newspapers (especially
advertisements), watch TV. Try to catch English everywhere and always get the meaning of it!
3. _______
Put some notes around your room, listen and watch English programs, speak English with your
friends/ family at least for 2 hours a day or have a day without your native language.
4. _______
There are a lot of grammar and vocabulary workbooks for self-studying (without a teacher), remember
to master the language level by level, and you'll see that practice makes wonders. After that, do exercises
and take tests to see what your real level is.
5. _______
There is a good stereotype "if you spend money on something you want to use it", and it really works.
Buy or subscribe to English newspapers and magazines, buy English books (you can do it in second-hand
shops, they will be really cheap), buy some language learning courses. And the principle is very simple,
people are sorry to waste their money, so after spending must come using.

D WRITING
1 Join these sentences using a relative pronoun. Make any necessary changes.
1. Teens use blogs. These can have a positive impact on society.
________________________________________________________________
2. Citizens post news stories on the web. They usually become amateur reporters.
________________________________________________________________
3. I've just posted a blog. It shares some ideas on ways to learn English.
________________________________________________________________
4. Traditional newspapers have become obsolete. They should adopt an online version.
________________________________________________________________
5. Jonas writes a blog. It is aimed at teens' problems and worries.
________________________________________________________________
6. School newspapers get more attention from students. They have an online version.
________________________________________________________________
7. Our school newspaper asked for the cooperation of students. Its main priority is to make teens aware of
internet dangers.
________________________________________________________________
8. Sarah deleted some photos. The photos were on her Facebook page.
________________________________________________________________
9. My school has a website. It is aimed at providing information for students.
________________________________________________________________
10.Mobile Stories is an interesting project in our English class. It must be created with mobile phone
technology.
________________________________________________________________
2 Do you know what distance learning is? Read the definition and pros and cons of distance
learning. Then, write a short text of 150 - 200 words about the disadvantages and
advantages of distance learning.
Distance learning is a method of studying in which lessons are broadcasted as videos
or classes are conducted over the Internet, without the student's needing to attend a
school or college.

PROS: CONS:
- save travelling time - Quite expensive
- devote time to studies - need a computer and Internet connection
- not have to pay travelling expenses - not all courses/ available
- study at one's own convenience - practical work/cannot be done
- schedule one's study time - no group discussions and debates
- do any course from anywhere in the - requires self-discipline
world - no immediate feedback
- not have to face competition from - not get problems solved immediately
fellow students - no new faces, friends
- promote self-paced learning - put off homework easily
- good for elderly and disabled people- work in a virtual world
 cannot move around

Distance learning is ________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
 TEST YOURSELF | UNITS 6, 7 & 8
Circle the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word that differs from the other three in the position of
primary stress in each of the following questions.
Question 1. A. impact (n) B. income C. improve D. instinct
Question 2. A. technology B. remarkable C. identity D. inorganic
Circle the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word whose underlined partdiffers from the other three in
pronunciation in each of the following questions.
Question 3. A. venture B. rebel (v) C. present (v) D. preserve
Question 4. A. magpie B. partner C. mass-media D. handkerchief
Circle the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the most suitable response tocomplete each of the following
exchanges.
Question 5. Lan and Long are discussing gender equality.
Long: "I think the woman's place is in the home, taking care of children."
Lan:" _______ "
A. Please go ahead, Long. B. I'm afraid you're awful!
C. I disagree completely. D. Sorry, you're right.
Question 6. Manny is offering Laura some help.
Manny: "I can show you how to design your PowerPoint slides if you want."
Laura:" _______ "
A. No, I don't need to. B. Oh, that's nice of you.
C. Yes, it's fine. D. You're welcome.
Circle the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined
word(s) in each of the following questions.
Question 7. Congratulations! You did a perfect iob on your test.
A. excellent B. flawed C. splendid D. superb
Question 8. You shouldn't have read my diary! It's personal.
A. private B. intimate C. secret D. public
Circle the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined
word(s) in each of the following questions.
Question 9. A very violent criminal has just escaped from prison.
A. controlled B. gentle C. calm D. dangerous
Question 10. After a series of exams, Manh was admitted to a very prestigious university.
A. famous B. common C. insignificant D. ordinary
Circle the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
Question 11. _______ I think my mobile phone is very useful, I don't want to be dependent on it.
A. Although B. Despite C. However D. In spite of
Question 12. Recognizing cultural differences is _______ to the language students.
A. great importance B. of very important
C. of greatly important D. of great importance
Question 13. Can you imagine how _______ it would be to work all day and then to have to cook
dinner?
A. exhausted B. exhaustion C. exhausting D. exhausts
Question 14. "Will Tom help me?" she said. She asked _______.
A. will Tom help her B. if Tom would help her
C. whether he will help her D. whether would he help her
Question 15. It was terrible. I don't think I could have done _______ on my performance.
A. bad B. worse C. worst D. best
Question 16. "Mom, _______ I wear this thick coat? It's not very cold!"
A. must B. shouldn't C. may D. shall
Question 17. Vegetables are mv favourite food. I _______ absolutely hate it!
A. most B. more C. less D. least
Question 18. I think we did a good job on our_______. Everyone seemed to enjoy it.
A. present B. presenting C. presentation D. presents
Question 19. She said she _______ her friend for ages.
A. didn't B. hadn't seen C. hasn't seen D. doesn't see
Question 20. The population of England is greater than _______ of Scotland.
A. whose B. which C. those D. that
Question 21. Unfortunately, gender discrimination still_______ in our society.
A. exists B. existing C. exist D. existed
Question 22. The lighting in the classroom was so poor that the students had _______ the blackboard.
A. hard time seeing B. a hard time to see
C. hard time to see D. a hard time seeing
Read the following passage and circle the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct word or phrase
that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 23 to 27.
In new research, scientists showed horses photographs of human faces, and they discovered that horses
can (23) _______ between angry and happy faces and react (24) _______. The scientists fitted the horses
with heart monitors which revealed that angry faces (25) _______ their heart rates to rise significantly.
Riders from a club in London also say that there is a special relationship between humans and horses.
If you (26) _______ a horse and you are happy and relaxed, then the horse will be relaxed, too, and will
help you. When you are not having a great day, the horse can make you feel much better. The riders also
said that the horses make people (27) _______ of their own emotions because they react to them.
Question 23. A. separate B. compare C. distinguish D. divide
Question 24. A. accordingly B. therefore C. however D. contrastingly
Question 25. A. lead B. make C. create D. cause
Question 26. A. come B. approach C. advance D. forward
Question 27. A. know B. aware C. ignorant D. informed
Read the following passage and circle the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of
the questions from 28 to 34.
Where would you expect to find the world's most expensive home? New York? Hollywood? Tokyo?
In fact, it's in India's largest city, Mumbai.
Mumbai has been growing rapidly over the last 20 years, and it now has a population of 12.5 million.
The city has been getting richer, too; there are over 60 billionaires in India, and about 20 of them are
residents of Mumbai. One of these, MukeshAmbani, has created the world's most expensive family home,
“Antilia", a huge 27-story contemporary building overlooking the ocean.
The house took more than three years to build. It was completed in 2010, and the Ambani family
moved in a year later. No one knows exactly how much Mr. Ambani paid for it, but most experts agree
that the total cost was at least US$1 billion.
The house catersto every possible need, with a number of swimming pools, a huge library, a gym, a
theatre, and hanging gardens over four stories. There is a spacious health club and an “ice room” full of
artificial snow for people who want to chill out in the Mumbai heat. Mr. Ambani's family consists of his
wife Nita, their three children, and his mother - but the house has plenty of room for guests. On the first
six stories of the building there are parking spaces for more than 160 cars, and there are three helicopter
landing pads on the roof. Even when there aren't any visitors, the Ambani family won't be on their own;
the house is so big that it needs hundreds of staff to run it.
Of course, from the top of the house the views over the ocean and the city are spectacular. However,
some of the largest slums in Asia are in Mumbai, and they are so vast that it's impossible not to notice
them from the top of Antilia. And this is why some Mumbai residents are unhappy about the building.
They have questioned whether it is right to spend so much money on a family home in a city where
thousands of people live in cramped, dirty accommodation - and where thousands more have no home at
all.
But is this criticism fair? Mr. Ambani has certainly spent a huge amount of money on his luxurious
home, but there is no doubt that he and his wife have helped the local community in many ways. They
have built a school and a hospital, for example, and Mr. Ambani's company employs thousands of Indian
people. Antilia's architects were American, but most of the construction workers were local.
The people of Mumbai have been arguing about Antilia ever since it was built. The disagreements will
probably continue for years to come.
(Text adapted from: https://goo.gl/4ediiG)
Question 28. The population of Mumbai ________.
A. has always been big B. is getting smaller
C. includes 60 billionaires D. is bigger now than it used to be
Question 29. The amount that Mr. Ambani paid for Antilia was ________.
A. exactly US$1 billion B. probably US$1 billion or more
C. definitely less than US$1 billion D. probably less than US$1 billion
Question 30. Which of the following is the closest in meaning to caters to?
A. helps B. ignores C. meets D. encourages
Question 31. You can see Mumbai's slums from Antilia because they are very ________.
A. big B. close C. cramped D. poor
Question 32. Antilia was designed by________.
A. Indians B. Mr. Ambani
C. Mr. Ambani's company D. Americans
Question 33. Which of the following is mentioned as a criticism of Mr. Ambani?
A. He has spent a lot of money on his home.
B. He never helps local people.
C. He has too much money.
D. His house needs hundreds of staff.
Question 34. We can infer from the text that the author of the passage thinks that .
A. Antilia is a waste of money.
B. Antilia is not a very interesting building.
C. Antilia has created strong feelings among local people.
D. It was a good idea to build Antilia.

Read the following passage and circle the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of
the questions from 35 to 42.
 Since the earliest days of human civilization, people have been aware of the healing power of music.
Over two thousand years ago, the Ancient Greek doctor Hippocrates recommended playing music to
patients who were depressed, and nowadays people still rely on music to improve or enhance their mood.
Val Robinson is a typical music therapist. She loved music when she was at school and attained a high
level of proficiency with several instruments. “The piano was the instrument that I liked most," she says.
“But I didn't want to be a professional musician because I didn't enjoy performing in front of a big
audience. I wanted to help people, but I didn't want to be a nurse or a doctor. So I decided to train as a
music therapist."
The room where Val treats her clients is full of different musical instruments. It looks like a classroom
at a music school, but, despite appearances, a music therapy session isn't like a lesson. “Many of my
clients are young people with behavioural disorders such as autism," says Val. “They can be very anxious
and withdrawn, and they find socializing difficult."
In their sessions, Val often works with small groups of clients and they play on different instruments.
“They can all try different instruments and choose one that suits them," explains Val. “Improvising is a
sociable, fun activity which helps the young people feel more confident and involved." Clients like these
also sometimes have difficulty putting their emotions into words. “I help them express themselves
through composing and playing music," Val adds. “After the therapy session, they usually feel much
more positive."
Music therapy can help people with physical problems, too. “Some of my clients are older people with
serious or terminalillnesses such as cancer. Many of them are having treatment which is long and
painful," says Val. "I visit them at the hospital or at home, and we play music together, or some clients
prefer simply to listen to music. Music makes them feel calmer, and takes their mind off their treatment."
(Text adapted from: https://www.musictherapy.org/about/personal_story/)
Question 35. It can be inferred from paragraph 1 that Hippocrates ______.
A. was a great musician
B. understood the healing power of music
C. was frequently depressed
D. was a music therapist
Question 36. Val Robinson is very good at...
A. helping orchestras to produce better music.
B. talking to people who have emotional problems.
C. performing in front of a lot of people.
D. playing a number of musical instruments.
Question 37. Many of Val's clients find it difficult to _______.
A. play a musical instrument well
B. feel emotions
C. communicate with other people
D. take part in music therapy sessions
Question 38. At Val's therapy sessions, people with behavioural disorders often ______.
A. create music
B. rehearse for a concert
C. practice the piano
D. perform music that Val has written
Question 39. After a therapy session, most clients ...
A. want to talk a lot.
 B. believe that they are better musicians.
C. feel better about themselves.
D. are much healthier.
Question 40. Which of the following is closest in meaning toterminal illnesses?
A. infectious diseases B. incurable diseases
C. minor illnesses D. seasonal illnesses
Question 41. Which of the following is true about Val's job?
A. She has to travel for her job.
B. She is unhappy when treating clients.
C. She makes all of her clients play music with her.
D. Her clients are children.
Question 42. Which one of the statements below CANNOT be inferred from the text?
A. Clients can relax during a music therapy session.
B. Val has been interested in music since she was young.
C. The idea of music therapy has existed for a long time.
D. Everyone can benefit from music therapy.
Circle the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the sentence that is closest in meaning to each of the
following questions.
Question 43. "I will pay back the money, Gloria," said Ivan.
A. Ivan apologised to Gloria for borrowing her money.
B. Ivan offered to pay Gloria the money back.
C. Ivan promised to pay back Gloria's money.
D. Ivan suggested paying back the money to Gloria.
Question 44. My classmate gave this book to me.
A. My classmate was given this book by me.
B. This book was given to me by my classmate.
C. This book was given my classmate by me.
D. This book was given to my classmate by me.
Question 45. I started working here in 1998.
A. I have started work here since 1998.
B. I haven't worked here since 1998.
C. I have started working here since 1998.
D. I have worked here since 1998.
Circle the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the underlined part that needs correction in each of the
following questions.
Question 46. Devices such as mobile phones which can transmit information are ban in examinations.
A B C D
Question 47. In Asian countries like Vietnam or China, the Lunar New Year is the more important
A B C
compared to other holidays.
D
Question 48. When a young girl, she has dreamt of becoming a famous scientist, although her parents
A B C
wanted her to be a school teacher.
D
Circle the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the sentence that best combines each pair of sentences in the
following questions.
Question 49. I tried to eat the cake. It was too sweet.
A. It was such a sweet cake that I couldn't eat it.
B. It was so sweet cake that I couldn't eat it.
C. The cake was too sweet that I could eat it.
D. The cake was very sweet that I could eat it.
Question 50. I didn't have an umbrella with me. So, I got wet.
A. If I had had an umbrella, I wouldn't get wet.
B. If I had had an umbrella, I would get wet.
C. If I had had an umbrella, I wouldn't have got wet.
D. If I had had an umbrella, I would have got wet.
 Unit 9 | PRESERVING THE ENVIRONMENT
A PRONUNCIATION
1 Put a mark (') before the stressed syllable in each of the following words.
1. awareness 2. poverty 3. depletion
2. solution 5. protection 6. erosion
3. energy 8. consumption 9. emission
4. natural 11. conservation 12. depression
5. diversion 14. endanger 15. ecology
2 Choose the word that has a different stress pattern from the other three by circling A, B,C, or D.
1. A. newsletter B. editor C. practical D. pollution
2. A. topic B. engine C. preserve D. impact (n)
3. A. solution B. suitable C. negative D. interest
4. A. increase (v) B. fossil C. occur D. renew
5. A. surface B. damage C. correct D. urban
6. A. depletion B. atmosphere C. underground D. energy
7. A. injury B. effective C. article D. influence
8. A. focus B. level C. polar D. confuse
9. A. chemical B. scientist C. protection D. natural
10. A. advice B. result C. select D. global

B VOCABULARY & GRAMMAR

1 Complete the sentences with the words from th£ box.
exhaust fumes carbon dioxide endangered species ban
deforestation desertification biodegradable dump
aerosol environmentalist climate change erosion
earthquake biosphere carbon footprint emission
biodiversity conservation acid rain drought
1. ___________ Harmful rain, snow or other precipitation that has become dirty and polluted. It is
dangerous to the Earth with chemicals due to pollution.
2. ___________ A substance contained in a spray can.
3. ___________ The whole mass of air that surrounds the Earth
4. ___________ To prohibit (an action) or forbid the use of (something), especially by official decree:
5. ___________ Capable of being slowly destroyed and broken down into very small parts by natural
processes, bacteria, etc.
6. ___________ Diversity among and within plant and animal species in an environment.
7. ___________ The part of the earth's crust, waters, and atmosphere that supports life.
8. ___________ A colorless gas that is produced when people and animals breathe out or when certain
fuels are burned and that is used by plants for energy
9. ___________ The sum of all emissions of greenhouse gases like CO2 (carbon dioxide), which was
induced by your activities in a given time frame and that have an effect on climate.
10.___________ It refers to changes in weather patterns, e.g. a rise in global temperatures; changes in
rainfall patterns.
11. ___________A mixture of various decaying organic substances, as dead leaves or manure, used for
fertilizing soil.
12. ___________The careful use of natural resources (such as trees, oil, etc.) to prevent them from being
 lost or wasted.
13. ___________ Destruction of forests to make land for agricultures. It is considered as a cause of
increased greenhouse effects.
14. ___________ The transformation of arable or habitable land to desert, as by a change in climate or
destructive land use.
15. ___________ A long period of abnormally low rainfall, especially one that affects growing or living
conditions.
16. ___________ Location where garbage, rubbish or waste is taken and disposed of without
environmental controls.
17. ___________ A shaking of a part of the earth's surface that often causes great damage
18. ___________ The branch of biology dealing with the relations and interactions between organisms
and their environment.
19. ___________ Pollution (including noise, heat, and radiation) discharged into the atmosphere by
residential, commercial, and industrial facilities.
20. ___________ Animals and plants in danger of becoming extinct.
21. ___________ The surroundings and external conditions that affect the growth and development of
living things.
22. ___________ An expert on environmental problems. A person who works to protect the natural
world from pollution and other threats
23. ___________ The process by which the surface of the earth is worn away by the action of water,
glaciers, winds, waves, etc.
24. ___________ Gases ejected from an engine as waste products.
2 What do you know about pollution? Read the questions in A and match them with the answers
in B.
A B

1. What is the environment? a. It's the planet that we live on.

2. What is pollution?
3. What is the Earth?
4. What is the role of the
ozone layer?
5. What are fumes?
6. What is acid rain?
7. What parts of the body are
necessary to breathe air?
8. What is a sickness?
9. What is a disease?
10. Why are paints and glues
harmful?
b. They are grey toxic gases produced by fire.
c. It's everything around us: the land we live on, the
air we breathe and the water that we use.
d. It protects the earth from the sun's ultra-violet rays.
e. Because they can easily catch fire.
f. The mouth, the nose and of course the lungs.
g. It's a negative change in the environment.
h. It's a health problem: the flu, headache, bronchitis...
i. It's when fumes mix with the water drops in the
air and produce acids.
j. It's a dangerous health problem, like cancer, AIDS,
diabetes ...

3 Complete the sentences by choosing the best option (A, B, C or D).

1. "Will Tom help me?" she said.
She asked ______.
 A. will Tom help her B. if Tom would help her
C. whether he will help her D. whether would he help her
2. Peter said, "Alice, are you busy now?"
Peter asked Alice ______.
A. if she was busy then B. she was busy
C. if she is busy D. if she wasn't busy then
3. My sister said: "I hope we shall go on an excursion to the lake".
My sister said that ______ on an excursion to the lake".
A. she hopes we will go B. she hoped we can go
C. she hoped they would go D. she hoped we were going
4. Jim and Julia have been in the restaurant for an hour and they have not been served yet. Julia is angry:
"You said _____ a good place"
A. it is B. it has been C. it will be D. it was
5. "Did you work at a factory 3 years ago?" she asked her friend.
She asked her friend if she______.
A. worked at a factory 3 years ago B. had worked at a factory 3 years before
C. worked at a factory for 3 years D. work at a factory
6. She said she ______ her friend for ages.
A. didn't B. hadn't seen C. hasn't seen D. doesn't see
7. He asked her "Did anybody call this morning?"
He asked her ______.
A. if anybody called this morning B. if somebody had called that morning
C. if somebody called that morning D. who called that morning
8. Teacher: "Tom, read the story, please".
The teacher asked Tom______.
A. to read the story B. read the story
C. that he reads it D. whether he reads the story
9. He said "I met him in 1950".
He said______.
A. I met him in 1950 C. he used to meet him in 1950
B. he had been met by him in 1950 D. he had met him in 1950
10. Jane asked Bob: "What did you buy yesterday?"
Jane asked Bob what ______.
A. he would buy the next day B. he bought yesterday
C. he had bought the day before D. he has Just bought
4 Read the text. Fill each blank with the appropriate form of the word in brackets.
 Japanese (1) _______ went back to their centuries-old tradition of hunting (WHALE)
whales on Thursday.
Workers in a (2) _______ town can be seen carving up one of the animals as a (COAST)
crowd of students stood around, with free samples of its (3) _______ meat (FRY)
handed out later.
Children from two elementary schools on a field trip watched as workers from
a whaling company (4) _______the whale. (BUTCHER)
The annual event took place in the town of Wada, south of Tokyo, a week into
Japan's first whaling season since a (5) _______ court halted the country's better- (GLOBE)
known Antarctic whaling in March.
Though (6) _______ condemn whaling, Japan maintains it is an important part (ENVIRONMENT)
of its food heritage.
The 30-foot-long whale was the worker's (7) _______catch this season and (SIX)
they plan to catch 24 more before whaling season (8) _______ in late August. (END)
5 Find and correct the mistake in each of the following sentences.
1. I told he to leave me alone.
2. The teacher us told that we must concentrate more.
3. Amy asked me not say anything.
4. Holly admitted that she have took the necklace.
5. Dad said he will to speak to my teacher in the morning.
6. Mrs. Brown asked me if I have seen her cat.
7. I asked Lisa did she wanted some water.
8. Suzy asked Joe where he did left the newspaper.
9. Jack asked Sam can he'd lend him some money.
10.The teacher asked Ben what was he doing.

C READING
1 Read the following news extracts about animals and the natural environment. Then, answer the
questions.
News extract 1: Octopuses in Wales
People in Wales witnessed something quite unusual. Dozens of
octopuses crawled out of the ocean onto a beach.
We do not known why the octopuses did it, but experts think that
two recent storms may have had something to do with it.
Later, people found some of the octopuses dead.

(Text and image retrieved from: https://goo.gl/rhcisb)

1. Match each word with its definition
i. witness (v) a. strange
ii. unusual b. see
iii. dozen c. strong wind and rain
iv. crawl d. twelve
v. expert e. move
vi. storm f. someone very knowledgeable about something
2. From the first paragraph, what do we learn was odd?
 A. People in Wales
B. Dozens of octopuses
C. Octopuses moving out of the water
3. Why did the octopuses crawl onto the beach?
A. Because of the recent storms
B. We do not know why for sure
C. Because they were dying

News extract 2: Too many koalas

In the Victoria State in Australia, there were too many koalas. This
was a problem because the koalas ate all of the trees and then they had
nothing to eat.
Last year, people moved 500 koalas, and they want to keep their
numbers down. They gave the females contraceptive implants and
moved them to other forests. However, it will be some years before the
destroyed gum trees grow back.
contraceptive implant: something which is put inside a female's body to stop the female from having
babies.
gum tree: a tree whose leaves koalas eat.
(Text and image retrieved from: https://goo.gl/5o3Jgl)
4. What was the problem mentioned in paragraph one?
A. Koalas' number was too high.
B. Koalas had nothing to eat.
C. Koalas ate all of the trees.
5. What do we learn from paragraph two?
A. 500 koalas were taken to another forest.
B. Female koalas can no longer have babies.
C. The gumtrees destroyed by koalas cannot grow back.

News extract 3: Dead fish in Mexico

Thousands of dead fish appeared in a lagoon in Mexico. People
removed nearly 50 tonnes of fish in just two days.
The incident started an investigation into local wastewater
treatment plants. The fish probably died of high pollution, but
everybody says something different. Some locals say it was a natural
phenomenon, but the government rejects this.
wastewater treatment plant: building which cleans water
(Text and image retrieved from: https://goo.gl/iJ6pEB)
6. Match each word with its definition:
i. lagoon a. something which happens in nature
ii. tonne b. an event
iii. incident c. refuse to agree
iv. investigation d. stretch of water separated from the sea
vi. phenomenon e. 1000 kilograms
vi. reject f. a formal examination
7. What has happened since the phenomenon?
A. The water treatment plant has been closed down.
B. The government has carried out an investigation.
C. Local people has removed fish to eat.
8. What does the government say about the phenomenon?
A. It wasn't a natural occurance.
B. It was caused by the water treatment plant.
C. It was impossible to find the cause.
2 Read the following text about an app that shows countries' pollution levels. Then, answer the
questions.

China is routinely in the headlines for suffering from some of the worst air pollution in the world. But
a new app is attempting to change all of that by naming and shaming the culprits.
The Blue Map app compiles emissions data which is supplied by the factories themselves to local
governments and allows users to see which companies are exceeding the official standards. The app
allows them to share the figures on social media and even report the firms to the local environmental
protection bureau.
Ma Jun, founder of the Institute for Public and Environmental Affairs, is excited about this
introduction but admits that the government's willingness to supply the data took him by surprise.
"I think previously there's never been this extent of interaction between the citizen and the
government. I think this is a very good experiment. I hope this experiment can lead to a more effective
solution to the pollution issue. This way, there will be more faith and more openness and there will be
more encouragement for the public participation."
With no less than 16 of the world's 20 cities with the worst air pollution, the app can't come a moment
too soon.
(Text and image retrieved from: https://goo.gl/2XtLEB)

1. Find words from the text that match the definitions below:
i. ___________________ office
ii. ___________________ try
iii. ___________________things in the air or water that are harmful
iv. ___________________to do something too much
v. ___________________ amount
vi. ___________________problem
vii. __________________ gas
viii. __________________someone who did something wrong
2. What do we learn about China in the first paragraph?
A. It is popular in the newspapers.
 B. It is a main culprit for the world's pollution.
C. It has created a new pollution app.
3. What is true about the Blue Map app?
A. It measures emission data from factories.
B. It shows which companies are polluting the environment.
C. It reports figures to the government.
4 What do we learn about Ma Jun in paragraph three?
A. He is unsupportive of the app.
B. He is surprised that the app works.
C. He didn't expect the government to participate.
5. What can we infer from paragraph four?
A. The government and the people did not have much communication.
B. This app can solve the pollution issue.
C. The people will have complete trust in the government.
6. What does the phrase "With no less than 16 of the world's 20 cities with the worst air pollution" in the
last sentence mean?
A. 16 most polluted cities are in China.
B. More than 20 cities with worst air pollution are in China.
C. China has the greatest cities in the world.
3 Read the following text about a boy called Cameron Oliver and his award. Then, answer the
questions.
Cameron Oliver had a passion for the welfare of desert animals. He received the Abu Dhabi Award as
a community hero for his contributions to society. However, his biggest claim to fame may be that he is
yet to become a teenager. He was only 11 years old when he began his own campaign to save camels
from eating plastic. “I found out that camels are eating rubbish people leave behind and it's killing them,"
says the South African boy. "I love animals, so when I saw how the
camels were dying, I thought I had to do something and make a
difference to save them." He was excited about receiving this award.
He said, "My life changed after I received the award, because it
opened a lot of doors for me. I am able to do a lot more for my
campaign because of it."
"I just want it to be clear that this campaign is all . about the
camels, not me. The award was a privilege, but I have a lot to do. I
promised Sheikh Mohammad that the campaign would only grow
bigger and better from here."
In order to get more support for his efforts from the public, he is distributing posters at shopping malls
and asking taxi drivers and residents to place bumper stickers on their cars. Sharing his experience Oliver
said, "Earlier, I only had the support of my parents. However, with all the attention the campaign has
received, a lot more people are interested. My friends are helping me too." He talked to various experts
over the past few months and they informed him that the situation needed more improvement. “Our desert
animals are still dying, and I want to put a stop to it." A visit to a camel farm in July 2008 was the turning
point of Oliver's life. "At the time, I got to ride camels and one particular baby camel kept licking my ear.
I was extremely sad when I discovered such sweet animals were dying because of our carelessness."
(Text adapted from: https://goo.gl/ygaKZR)
1. What did Cameron Oliver start when he was 11 years old?
 A. the Abu Dhabi Award B. being a community hero
C. a campaign to save camels D. a camel farm
2. What does the word contributions mean in this sentence? “He received the Abu Dhabi Award as a
community hero for his contributions to society”
A. services B. payments C. donations D. grants
3. According to the text, the main goal of his campaign is to ________.
A. protect camels from eating plastics B. keep the desert clean
C. create a camel farm D. protect the environment
4. How did Cameron's life change after he received the award?
A. He is rich
B. He doesn't have to open doors anymore
C. He is known by more people now
D. He does not have to go to school
5. What does the word privilege mean in this sentence? “The award was a privilege, but I have a lot to
do."
A. a present B. a right C. an honour D. a trophy
6. Cameron Oliver is said to be a community hero because ________.
A. he has won an award B. he has worked hard to save camels
C. he loves camels D. he knows a lot about camels
7. What did he promise Sheikh Mohammad?
A. the campaign will include more people
B. he will raise more money
C. he will do more for the desert
D. he will save camels in other countries as well
8. What does the word distributing mean in this sentence? “...he is distributing posters at shopping malls
and asking taxi drivers and residents to place bumper stickers on their cars."
A. finding B. buying C. giving out D. cleaning up
9. When Oliver started his campaign to save camels, he only got support from his _______.
A. friends B. family C. school D. teachers
10. What does the word experts mean in this sentence? “He talked to various experts over the past few
months."
A. scientists B. doctors
C. veterinarians D. people knowledgeable about a subject
11. What experience in Cameron's life was a turning point for him?
A. winning the Abu Dhabi Award B. starting a campaign
C. visiting a camel farm D. talking with experts
12. Cameron felt very sad after his first visit to a camel farm because ______.
A. a baby camel licked his ear
B. he could not ride the camels
C. camels were dying because of people's carelessness
D. camels were dying because there wasn't enough deser

D WRITING
1 Rewrite these sentences and put them in reported speech.
1. The environmentalists warned us: "Nuclear energy may be very dangerous."
 The environmentalists warned us that ____________________________________.
2. They reminded us: "The horrible flood killed many people."
They reminded us ____________________________________________________.
3. They added: "The radiation contaminated air, water, soil and all living beings."
They added _________________________________________________________.
4. They stated: "Many people have developed diseases."
They stated _________________________________________________________.
5. Scientists said: "We are running out of natural resources."
Scientists said _______________________________________________________.
6. They promised: "We will find alternative energy sources."
They promised ______________________________________________________.
7. The reporter asked the scientist: "How can we save the whales from extinction?"
The reporter asked the scientist_________________________________________.
8. He also asked him: "What should we do to clean up the oceans?"
He also asked him ___________________________________________________.
9. He asked: "Can we still save our planet?"
He asked __________________________________________________________.
10. She said: "We can do simple things to save the planet, like saving energy and reducing waste."
She said ___________________________________________________________.
2 Look at the sample fact file and report of the tiger.

FACT FILE
Name of the animal: Tiger
Description: The largest of all the cats
Habitat: Forests, rainforests and
grasslands in some parts of East Asia.
Size: 3 metres long, 150 - 200 kg
Life span: 15 - 20 years
Diet: Deer, wild pigs and river fish
Status: Endangered species.
Causes of endangerment: Destruction of natural habitat, deforestation, conflict with farmers, illegal
hunting and trading...
Solutions: take care of existing tigers, stop cutting rainforests, stop illegal hunting, create tiger
reserves...)

Sample report:
The tiger is the largest of all cats. It measures about 3 metres long and it weighs from ISO to 200 kilos.
It lives for 18 years on average and feeds on small and large animals such as river fish, deer and wild
pigs.
This wild mammal once lived in many Asian lands, but now it is only found in some remote forests,
rainforests and grasslands in East Asia. At present, the tiger is an endangered species in the wild.
If people don't stop destroying their natural habitat, there won't be any tigers in the future, so there
are many things we must do to save this animal.
Tigers would survive if we stopped cutting the rainforests where they live, and there wouldn't be
conflicts with farmers if they created tiger reserves. Also, if biologists took care of the existing tigers, they
would protect them. And if we all stopped illegal tiger trading, hunters wouldn't kill them. If we took these
actions, the situation of this species would become better and tigers wouldn't be in danger of extinction.
If we all became more conscious about the protection of the environment, we would have a better
world in the future and we might help save our planet's vanishing biodiversity.

Now, use the information provided in the fact file below to write report on how to save the
endangered giant panda.

FACT FILE
Name of the animal: Giant Panda
Description: black and white bear
Size: 1.2 -1.9 metres, 70 -125 kg
Life span: 20 years
Habitat: high mountain areas in central China
Diet: 99% bamboo
Status: Vulnerable species in the wild
Causes of endangerment: Destruction of natural habitat, hunting
and capturing them for zoos.
Solutions: reduce human activities in panda habitat, save bamboo forests, create panda reserves.
Report:
The giant panda is __________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
 Unit 10 | 1ECOTOURISM
A PRONUNCIATION
1 Find the stress in each word and put it in the correct column.
conservation ecological geographical moisturising
preservation sustainable mathematics economics
comfortable environment fascinating independence
conversation ecology relaxation popularity
sociology philosophy psychology indecisive
archeology understanding engineering American
biology transformation
Stress on 1st syllable Stress on 2nd syllable Stress on 3rd syllable

2 Practice saying these sentences. Pay attention to the stress pattern in the words with more than
three syllables.
1. Biology is his favourite subject at the university.
2. Engineering and mathematics are very challenging majors.
3. Conservation and preservation of natural ecological systems are very important
4. The entrance examination to universities in Vietnam is one the most competitive examinations for high
school students.
5. His interests include sociology, archeology and philosophy.

B VOCABULARY & GRAMMAR

1 Complete each sentence with the correct form of the words from the bank.

ecology coach trip tour

sustain packag tour cruise
harbour destination itinerary
1. As soon as the ship left the _______ everybody got seasick.
2. Her suitcase wasn't labelled and she arrived at her _______ without it.
3. It is much cheaper to travel by _______ than by train in Britain.
4. The manager is away on a business _______ so I am in charge of the office now.
5. They met on board of a luxurious ship during a _______ in Halong Bay.
6. If you want to see historical places it is a good idea to go on a guided _______.
7. We want to know what is planned for every day of the trip so can you give us an _______?
8. _______ tourism is important because it doesn't destroy the environment.
9. I like going on _______ because everything is organised for you and included in the price.
10. In order to keep the _______ diversity of the national park, hunting is strictly forbidden.
2 Complete each sentence with the best answer A, B, C or D.
1. The best way to reach my house is to take the bus and _______ at Stop 15.
A. get down B. get out C. get off D. get way
2. When you travel it is a good idea to have a/an on your suitcase.
A. nametag B. identification C. symbol D. identity
3. We missed the plane because we didn't _______ to the airport on time.
A. reach B. get C. arrive D. make
4. I had three heavy suitcases so I called a _______ to take them to my room.
A. carrier B. waiter C. porter D. holder
5. I was robbed on holiday and couldn't _______ my journey back home.
A. pay B. pay for C. pay up D. pay in
6. We _______ a lovely weekend in an eco-lodge.
A. spent B. passed C. occupied D. stayed
7. There was a queue of cars on the _______, waiting for the car-ferry to arrive.
A. harbour B. beach C. seashore D. quay
8. The train to Sapa leaves from _______ three.
A. deck B. platform C. board D. runway
9. Professor Arthur is organising a/an to search for the lost city of Atlantis.
A. tour B. excursion C. expedition D. voyage
10. The cheapest accommodation we could find was in a youth_______.
A. hotel B. house C. home D. hostel
3 Conditional sentences Type 1: Put the verbs in the brackets in the correct form.
1. If I _______ (see) him, I'll give him a ride.
2. If he goes into that field, the bull _______ (chase) him.
3. If you eat all that, you _______ (be) ill.
4. If I find your passport, I ______ (call) you at once.
5. If the police catch him, they _______(arrest) him.
6. If you read in bad light, you _______(ruin) your eyes.
7. Someone _______ (steal) your car if you leave it unlocked.
8. What will happen if my tour guide _______ (not call)?
9. If you mow the grass, I _______ (give) you some money.
10. I _______ (lend) you my dress if you promise to take care of it.
11. If you _______ (not go) away, I'll call the police.
12. If the tour company cancel our trip, I _______ (be) very angry.
4 Conditional sentences Type 2: Put the verbs in the brackets in the correct form.
1. If I had a computer, I _______ (type) it myself.
2. If I knew his address, I _______ (give) it to you.
3. If he shaved more often, he _______ (look) a lot better.
4. If you played the guitar, you _______ (be) more popular.
5. If he worked more slowly, he _______ (not make) so many mistakes.
6. More tourists _______ (come) to this town if it had a better climate.
7. I shouldn't drink that wine if I _______ (be) you.
8. If I were sent to prison, _______(you / visit) me?
9. If someone gave you a helicopter, what _______ (you / do) with it?
10. If I had some money, I _______ (buy) tickets to travel the world.
11. If he ________ (clean) his windscreen, he'd be able to see where he was going.
12. If you drove your car into the river, ______ (you / be able) to get out?
5 Conditional sentences types 1 and 2: Put the verbs in the brackets in the correct form.
1. If you pass your examination, we _______ (have) a celebration.
2. If I press this button, what _______ (happen)?
3. I could repair the roof myself if I _______ (have) a long ladder.
4. If you drove more slowly, you _______ (not / have) so many accidents.
5. If she _______ (leave) the fish there, the cat will get it away.
6. If you leave your glasses there, someone _______ (sit) on them.
7. Unless he _______ (come) with me, I'll probably get lost.
8. If your dad offered to buy you a mobile phone, which _______ (you / choose)?
9. You could play better chess if you _______ (not talk) so much.
10. If you go to Paris, where _______ (you / stay)?
11. Unless they turn the volume down, I _______ (go) mad.
12. If you went on an eco-tour, which country _______ (you / visit)?
6 Read the text Fill each blank with the appropriate form of the word in brackets.

Ecotourism in Vietnam

You've (1) _______ heard of ecotourism, but it's a pretty new term. Maybe (PROBABLE)
you've heard it called 'green tourism' or 'responsible tourism.' It's part of the (2) (GROW)
_______ trend to take care of our world, both the natural aspects and the
traditional cultural ones. And Vietnam, with 30 (3) _______ parks, 69 natural (NATION)
(4) _______, 45 landscape protection sites, and 54 cultural groups, has (RESERVE)
incredible potential as one of the world's best countries for ecotourism.
Ecotourism is all about (5) _______ and enjoying the world without (SUSTAIN)
(6) _______ it - or even better, protecting and improving it while you explore. (DAMAGE)
It's feel-good travel. You grow, you help, and you keep the world beautiful.
So if you've had enough of mega-hotel chains and (7)_______ tourist traps, (CROWD)
and you want to see what natural beauty and unique cultures Vietnam has to
offer all while helping the region continue to grow and thrive, then you should
(8)_______consider ecotourism. (SERIOUS)
(Text and image retrieved from: https://goo.gl/Pmwueg)

C READING
1 Read the following text about animals in tourism. Then, answer the questions.
On World Animal Day, some of the worst types of suffering
endured by wild animals in the tourism industry have been
exposed.
From elephant rides to taking selfies with tigers and
watching animals fight in a boxing ring, world animal
attractions are currently part of too many holidays. Yet,
tourists are largely unaware of the cruelty that goes on behind
the scenes.
That's why a new global campaign to keep wild animals in their natural habitat has been launched.
Tourists might think that watching animals perform tricks or walking with tigers does no harm, but the
brutal truth is that cruelty and suffering is inflicted at every turn. From being taken from their mothers and
being mistreated as they're trained to give rides or perform in shows, and being kept in isolation, they're
unable to form natural social bonds.
So, holidaymakers need to know the truth about what goes on behind the scenes.
(Text and image retrieved from: https://goo.gl/Yhngnw)
1. Match each word with its definition.
i. endure a. organized actions to achieve a particular goal
ii. expose b. having no knowledge of a situation or fact
iii. unaware c. very violent
iv. cruelty d. suffer something painful or difficult patiently
v. campaign e. cause something painful
vi. launch f. behave badly towards a person or animal
vii. brutal g. make something visible or known
viii. inflict h. cause someone to be alone
ix. mistreat i. behavior that causes pain to a person or animal
x. isolate j. start something
2 Decide if the following statements are true (T) or false (F).
i. ____ No one is aware that wild animals are being mistreated in the tourism industry.
ii. ____ Making animals fight in a boxing ring is considered as animal cruelty.
iii. ____ If you ride elephants, you are not participating in animal cruelty.
iv. ____ Most tourists know about the mistreatment of animals.
v. ____ The mistreatment of animals happens behind tourists' back.
vi. ____ The new campaign to help wild animals is happening on an international scale.
vii. ____ Tourists think that watching animals perform tricks is harmless.
viii.____ Most animals in the tourism industry have been taken from their mothers at a young age.
ix. ____ The animals trained to perform in shows have a chance to form social bonds.
x. ____ People working in the tourism industry need to take into account what is happening when
planning tours.
2 Read the following text about ecotourism in Costa Rica. Then, answer the questions.
 As places around the world begin to disappear forever due to environmental changes, ecotourism is
becoming more popular and important than ever. Ecotourism destinations not only allow travelers to see
some of the most extreme and beautiful natural wonders around the world, they also ensure that travelers
do so responsibly. Often, the money pumped into an economy by tourists is than put back into preserving
and conserving its natural environment - in other words, everybody wins.
The country undoubtedly most associated with ecotourism, Costa Rica has made a name for itself as a
travel destination because of its well-protected natural beauty. The South American country, with
coastlines on both the Caribbean and Pacific, is almost one-fourth rainforest, the main draw for visitors.
In addition to the rainforests, there are breathtaking volcanoes and pristine beaches, both of which add to
the stunning biodiversity in the country. If you'd like to stay in eco-friendly accomodations while there,
you'll have plenty of places to choose from.
(Text and image retrieved from: https://goo.gl/iW783m)
1. Find words from the text that match the definitions below:
i. ______________ in its original condition; unspoiled
ii. ______________ reaching a high or the highest degree
iii. ______________ protect from harm or destruction
iv. ______________ remarkable properties or abilities
v. ______________ the variety of life in a particular habitat or ecosystem
vi. ______________ fill something up
vii. ______________ make certain that something will happen
viii. ______________ extremely impressive or attractive
ix. ______________ maintain (something) in its original or existing state
x. ______________ a place that people will make a special trip to visit
2. What is true about ecotourism?
A. It is increasing in popularity as tourism destinations are being destroyed.
B. It limits the types of wonders that tourists can visit.
C. It requires that travellers pay a lot of money.
3. With ecotourism, what happens with the money from tourists?
A. Money is used to develop the country's economy.
B. Money can be won by tourists.
C. Money is used to protect the local environment.
4. What is true about Costa Rica?
A. Costa Rica does not allow many tourists so as to protect the natural beauty.
B. When people think of ecotourism, most of them think about Costa Rica.
C. Costa Rica is part of the United States of America.
5. What can we infer about Costa Rica's environment?
A. There is a range of wild animals and plants.
 B. Most of the country's land is rainforests.
C. It was previously destroyed.
3 Read the following text about France helping ThuaThien Hue's tourism. Then, answer the
questions.
France's Regional Council Poitou Charentes and other French
partners provided financial aid worth over VND11 billion to
help central Thua Thien Hue province implement a project to
develop eco-tourism in the locality.
The project aims to support the province develop tourism
sustainably, enhance competitive edge, preserve and promote
cultural heritage values, especially the Hue Relics Complex.
Eco-tourism in Hue is now very attractive to visitors with a number of famous destinations such as
Lang Co Bay which is recognised as one of the world's 30 most beautiful beaches and Tam Giang - Cau
Hai lagoon - the largest one in South East Asia. France and Viet Nam are also developing ecotourism and
heritage preservation projects in the province's Bach Ma National Park.
(Text and image retrieved from: https://goo.gl/gtYPYV)
1. How does France help Thua Thien Hue's tourism?
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
2. What are the aims of tourism development in Thua Thien Hue?
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
3. What are some destinations for eco-travellers coming to Hue?
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
4. What is special about Lang Co Bay?
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
5. What is special about the Tam Giang - Cau Hai lagoon?
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________

4. Read the text and fill in the blanks with the most appropriate word from the bank. There are
four extra words.
a, dispensers b, location c, showers d, paddle
e, concrete f, guarantee g, ecotourism h, the budget
i, organic policy j, waterways k, legend 1, houseboats
m, organic produce n, the harbour o, city tour p, boat
Think of ecotourism and the images that instantly spring to mind will be of woods and lakes, meadows
and mountain springs. Glass and steel don't come into it, and there's not an inch of (1)…………… to be
seen. Which might explain why it's so rare to come across a green city break. Yet urban (2) ……………
can be every bit as rewarding as its rural counterpart - and a lot less muddy. And where better to prove the
point than Copenhagen, one of Europe's greenest cities? People consume more (3) …………… per head
here than in any other city in the world. The city's waterways are so clean that people swim in outdoor
pools within (4) ……………
 Axel Hotel Guldsmeden is five minutes' walk from the station. Despite its red-light district (5)
……………, this gleaming white boutique hotel is both
sophisticated and environmentally responsible. Furniture
is made from sustainably-sourced teak, cleaning products
are eco-friendly, (6) …………… in the en-suite
bathrooms pump out own-brand organic shampoo and
body lotion and all the food is organic.
At lunchtime, you're spoilt for choice. The city's
smartest organic and biodynamic restaurant, Geranium,
picked up a Michelin star last year for dishes such as
"happy" chicken. But if you don't have (7) …………… for Michelin-star food, there are plenty of
alternatives, including BioM, a small but sophisticated restaurant in the residential area of Osterbro with a
100% (8) …………… (even the walls are decorated with organic paint).
Kajak-Ole is a local company specialising in Copenhagen city tours with a twist - they're done by
kayak. I met the guide, JesBrinch, in the Christianshavn district in the early afternoon.
As we paddled our way out into the harbour past rows of cheery (9) …………… and brightly painted
houses, he gave a running commentary on the city's waterscape.
Much more fun than a standard (10) ……………, travelling through the city by kayak makes you feel
almost a part of it. And Copenhagen's calm, quiet, urban (11) …………… were surprisingly easy to
navigate.
It might have been the first time I'd ever walked into a cafe with a (12) …………… in my hand. The
cappuccino was probably the best I've ever had.
(Text and image retrieved from: https://goo.gl/9bXX29)
5 Read the text and answer the questions by circling A, B, or C.
ECOTOURISM IN THE GALAPAGOS ISLAND
Ecotourism is tourism which does not harm or change the natural environment in any way. Tourist
agencies and tourists must follow certain rules in national
parks and reserves in order to protect them. Tourist visiting the
Galapagos Islands must observe the following rules.
Don't touch the animals - One of the main reasons why
tourist love the Galapagos Island is because the animals and
birds are not afraid of people. This is because they have never
been hunted. For this reason tourists are not allowed to touch
the animals. However, if they want to the animals can touch
the tourists.
Don’t eat, drink, or smoke in certain Islands - It is
important that tourists don't change the natural environment of the Islands. If people smoke on certain
Islands, they will introduce cigarette smoke. If people eat on the Islands the animals will eat the food that
they leave on the ground. For these reason eating, drinking, and smoking are prohibited.
Don't light fires - Tourists and guides are not allowed to light fires on the islands, since fire can
destroy plants and vegetation and the animal's natural habitat.
Don't drop litter - The Galapagos wildlife can be harmed or injured by rubbish. Therefore, tourists
must not throw rubbish into the sea or drop litter on the islands.
Keep the marked paths - Tourists are no allowed to walk in all areas on the islands. They must walk
on the paths, so that they do not disturb the wildlife or destroy the environment.
 Don’t take anything from the Islands - Tourists are not allowed to pick flowers or plants or remove
anything from the islands, because many of the species are endangered.
(Text adapted from: https://goo.gl/kfwmsn)

1. What is true about animals on Galapagos Island?

A. They are scared of people.
B. No human has ever hunted them.
C. They cannot approach people.
2. Why must visitors not touch the animals on Galapagos Island?
A. The animals will become afraid of people.
B. The animals will bite people.
C. The animals will touch people.
3. Which of the following behaviour is acceptable on Galapagos Island?
A. Feeding animals.
B. Smoking cigarrettes.
C. Taking pictures.
4. What action can harm the environment on the island?
A. Walking on paths.
B. Picking up litter.
C. Building a fire to keep warm.

D WRITING
1 Rephrase the sentences below as indicated. Use correct type 2 conditional sentences.
1. He doesn't speak clearly because his parents don’t correct him.
If his parents _________________________________________________.
2. Susan likes healthy food because her mother cooks healthy food.
If Susan's mother ______________________________________________.
3. You can play chess because your father is a very good teacher.
If your father _________________________________________________.
4. You are intelligent because you read many books.
If you didn't _________________________________________________.
5. Charles is attentive and so he is very clever.
If Charles wasn't ______________________________________________.
6. You can participate in the contest because they accept people of your age.
If they ______________________________________________________.
7. Aunt Lucy is very fat because she doesn't exercise.
If Aunt Lucy _________________________________________________.
8. You feel afraid because it's a new thing for you.
If it _________________________________________________________.
9. Maria is a good English speaker because she meets many native speakers.
If Maria didn't ________________________________________________.
10. She is an easy-going person so she has got many friends.
If she wasn't __________________________________________________.
11. Tess knows many films because she goes to the cinema every weekend.
If Tess didn't _______________________________________________.
12. He has got a car already because his parents can afford it.
If his parents couldn't ________________________________________.
13. The photo is great because I have a good camera.
If I _______________________________________________________.
14. The little girl behaves herself because her parents are very demanding.
If her parents weren't _________________________________________.
15. The trousers are still wet and so I can't wear them.
If the trousers _______________________________________________.
2 Rewrite the following sentences, using the 1st or 2nd conditional.
1. I don't travel very often because I'm very busy.
___________________________________________________________
2. Mary never goes swimming because she can't swim.
___________________________________________________________
3. I'd like to buy a new car but I haven't got money.
___________________________________________________________
4. I can't send her a birthday invitation because I don't know her address.
___________________________________________________________
5. He's tired because he works very hard.
___________________________________________________________
6. If you don't hurry, you'll miss the bus.
___________________________________________________________
7. I advise you to see a doctor.
___________________________________________________________
8. In my opinion, you should give up eating fast food.
___________________________________________________________
9. I have a lot of homework, so I can't go to the cinema with my friends.
___________________________________________________________
10. You are not studying much and you are probably going to fail your exams.
___________________________________________________________
11. Pam wants to buy a new flat but she hasn't got enough money.
___________________________________________________________
12. I will send you the letter by post. You will probably get it tomorrow.
___________________________________________________________
13. I may go to Ireland this summer. Then I'll have to improve my English.
___________________________________________________________
14. Mai wants to buy a house on the beach but she hasn't got enough money.
___________________________________________________________
15. Unless you are on time, we'll go to the cinema without you.
___________________________________________________________
16. I want to go to the cinema but I haven't got enough money.
___________________________________________________________
17. Be careful or you'll fall down.
___________________________________________________________
18. I won't go to the cinema unless I finish my project.
___________________________________________________________
19. I can't watch TV because it doesn't work.
___________________________________________________________
20. If she doesn't work hard, she will be sacked.
___________________________________________________________

3 Read the following advert of Mai Chau Agricultural Tour and its introduction.
Come to Mai Chau today! A truly tranquil and peaceful place!

Main attractions:
 Fresh rural scenery
 1000 Step Cave: see magnificent view of the district
Activities:
 Farming activity: prepare soil and plant vegetables:
rake, sow, water, etc.
 Fishing activity: at local family house: prepare bait
pick location
 Herd water buffalo
Mai Chau
Accomodation: local familypeaceful
is a truly tranquil and setting guaranteed to help you relax, slow down and connect
home-stay
with nature.
The fresh and clean rural surroundings also have many interesting places to visit, like the 1000 Step
Cave where you will enjoy the magnificent view of the district.
You will start your day by experiencing working with local farmers in their vegetable gardens. You
will learn aspects of gardening such preparing the soil and planting vegetables. You will also learn how
the land is prepared, fertilized and how the vegetables are cultivated as well as discovering how they are
used in Vietnamese food. Other activities will include: raking, sowing, and watering etc.
In the afternoon we will enjoy fishing nearby the local family house. We will show you how to prepare
the bait and pick the right location. We will also have an opportunity to work with the farmer to herd the
water buffalo to a different location for feeding.
You can also have some free time to explore at your leisure or relax in the family home. You will stay
overnight in a local family home-stay.

Now look at the advert for Bai Tu Long cruise and Halong Bay, then write an introduction for it.
 Halong Bay Cruise - Spectacular nature and unique local life

Main attractions:
 Halong Bay: thousands of sculpted limestone islands
 Sung Sot Cave: most beautiful and largest cave
 Soi Sim island: swim, relax, climb to the top of the
island to enjoy view
Activities:
 Kayaking near LightCave to see limestone islands up
close
 Bay cruise is____________________________________________________________
This Halong Fishing activity: at local fishing village
 BBQ dinner
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
 TEST YOURSELF | UNITS 9 & 10
Circle the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word that differs from the other three in the position of
primary stress in each of the following questions.
Question 1. A. syllable B. pollutant C. honeymoon D. preference
Question 2. A. seldom B. quiet C. embrace D. basic
Circle the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word whose underlined partdiffers from the other three in
pronunciation in each of the following questions.
Question 3. A. right B. ritual C. pesticide D. violent
Question 4. A. import B. portable C. protect D. organic
Circle the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the most suitable response tocomplete each of the following
exchanges.
Question 5. Mike is asking Tom about his trip to Thailand.
Mike: “Did you have a good time in Thailand?"
Tom:" ______ "
A. Yes, I have. B. I'm afraid it was great.
C. I enjoyed it. D. I was alright.
Question 6. Chris is asking Angie about riding horses.
Chris: “Have you ever ridden a horse?"
Angie: “______"
A. No, but I love it. B. No, but I rode a camel once.
C. Yes. I've ridden a camel. D. Do you think I should?
Circle the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined word(s)
in each of the following questions.
Question 7. The strong storm damaged most of the farmers' crops.
A. destroyed B. watered C. ruined D. repaired
Question 8. Despite limited funding, the researchers still try their best to protect the endangered species.
A. abundant B. vast C. restricted D. loose
Circle the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined word(s)
in each of the following questions.
Question 9. She has been acting very strange and mysterious lately.
A. obvious B. secretive C. familiar D. apparent
Question 10. Organizations like World Wildlife Fund (WWF) try to preserve the natural environment.
A. safeguard B. abandon C. attack D. neglect
Circle the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
Question 11. Because of a flat tire, my friends were prevented ______ in Danang on time.
A. on arriving B. from arriving C. about arriving D. to arrive
Question 12. I like your watch. How long ______ it?
A. are you having B. have you had C. did you have D. you have
Question 13. By 2040, scientists surely ______ a cure for cancer.
A. have discovered B. are discovering
C. must discover D. will have discovered
Question 14. I bought a new computer last week, but it ______ so I took it back to the shop.
A. worked not B. hasn't worked C. didn't work D. don't work
Question 15. As the city's tourism develops, ______ do the problems that come with it.
A. as B. with C. so D. than
Question 16. Are these the people ______ have organized the holiday?
A. who B. which C. whom D. whose
Question 17. I ______ for her since eight o'clock and she ______ yet. So, I'm leaving now.
A. have been waiting/ has not come B. waited/ has not come
C. have waited/ has come D. have been waiting/ has come
Question 18. ______ that I am not able to remember them all.
A. There are many stories B. I know a lot of stories
C. Many stories in the book D. There are so many stories
Question 19. It was not until she had arrived home ______ she remembered her appointment with the
dentist.
A. when B. that C. and D. before
Question 20. I think you ______eat less and take more exercise.
A. should B. must C. may D. have
Question 21. The main point ______ was well understood.
A. that he spoke B. of his speech C. made he spoke D. that made
Question 22. ______1975 that war in Vietnam ended.
A. In B. That in C. It was D. It was in

Read the following passage and circle the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct word or phrase
that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 23 to 27.
Military dogs which used to protect soldiers are now being (23) ______ to sniff out prostate cancer in
patients' urine samples. The Italian researchers started the study after reading about dogs that were used to
smell melanoma.
Dogs' noses are very (24) ______, as they have up to 300 million sensors compared to a measly six
million in humans. One dog was even able to (25) ______ the disease in a patient before the medical
team.
As (26) ______ as the canines' performance is, you will not see dogs roaming hospital wards to (27)
______ patients any time soon. The team in Tuscany wants to develop an electronic tool to replicate the
dog's sense of smell.
(Text adapted from: https://www.newsinlevels.com/products/dogs- smell-cancer-level-3/)
Question 23. A. developed B. equipped C. trained D. cultivated
Question 24. A. energetic B. powerful C. dynamic D. persuasive
Question 25. A. identify B. sniff C. select D. describe
Question 26. A. impressive B. dramatic C. amazed D. awestruck
Question 27. A. analyse B. investigate C. research D. diagnose

Read the following passage and circle the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of
the questions from 28 to 34.
The world's oceans have warmed 50 percent faster over the last 40 years than previously thought due
to climate change, Australian and US climate researchers reported Wednesday. Higher ocean
temperatures expand the volume of water, contributing to a rise in sea levels that is submerging small
island nations and threatening low-lying, densely-populated, delta regions around the globe.
The study, published in the British journal Nature, adds to growing scientific warnings about the pace
and consequences of rising oceans.
 Rising sea levels are driven by two things: the thermal expansion of sea water, and additional water
from melting sources of ice. Both processes are caused by global warming. The ice sheet that sits atop
Greenland, for example, contains enough water to raise world ocean levels by seven metres (23 feet),
which would bury sea-level cities from Dhaka to Shanghai.
Trying to figure out how much each of these factors contributes to rising sea levels is critically
important to understanding climate change, and forecasting future temperature rises, scientists say.
The new study, led by CatiaDomingues of the Centre for Australian Weather and Climate Research,
uses new techniques to assess ocean temperatures. It shows that thermal warming contributed to a 0.53
millimetre-per-year rise in sea levels rather than the 0.32 mm rise reported previously by the UN
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change.
(Source: Agence France-Presse)
Question 28. What happens when the ocean's temperature rises?
A. It causes sea levels to rise. B. It causes sea levels to remain constant.
C. It causes sea levels to decrease. D. Its effects are not clear.
Question 29. Which of the following is closest in meaning to the word submerging?
A. rinsing B. dipping C. showering D. flooding
Question 30. The rise in water levels is especially dangerous for small island nations and______.
A. low-lying urban areas B. all coastal cities
C. people who live on the beach D. densely-populated cities
Question 31. What is a cause of rising sea levels?
A. Water in the sea getting cooler B. Global warming
C. Water freezing into ice D. Ice sheets in Greenland melting
Question 32. The new study______.
A. showed that thermal warming contributed to a 0.32 millimetre-per-year rise in sea levels
B. did not reveal anything that scientists didn't already know
C. used new techniques to assess ocean temperatures
D. had the same results as the UN Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
Question 33. What was the main finding of the study?
A. That not enough is being done about global warming.
B. That ocean waters have warmed faster than scientists had previously thought.
C. That the warming of the world's oceans is not a threat.
D. That the Earth will soon be under water.
Question 34. Ultimately, the new study should help scientists to .
A. lower water levels
B. stop rising temperatures
C. bury sea-level cities like Dhaka and Shanghai
D. better predict climate change
Read the following passage and circle the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of
the questions from 35 to 42.
South America is the fourth largest of the seven continents. South America is roughly triangular in
shape with the tip of the triangle at the southernmost point of South America. The northern one-third of
South America lies on the equator making the climate hot. The continent is almost completely surrounded
by ocean except for its narrow connection in the north with the continent of North America. The Pacific
Ocean lies to the west of South America and the Atlantic Ocean makes the eastern border of the
continent. The Caribbean Sea, a subdivision of the Atlantic Ocean, makes the northern border.
 Cape Horn is considered to be the southernmost point of South America. The Atlantic and Pacific
Oceans meet off the coast of Cape Horn causing some of the roughest sea conditions on earth. Many
sailing ships never completed their journey around Cape Horn but modern vessels are better equipped to
handle the challenge. The Scotia Sea which lies between Cape Horn and the continent of Antarctica is
considered to be partly in the Atlantic Ocean and partly in the Southern Ocean.
The mighty Amazon River of South America is the second longest river in the world, slightly shorter
than the Nile, but the Amazon is the largest river in the world in terms of the volume of water it carries.
The Amazon River, which runs roughly west to east, is an important part of the rainforest ecosystem that
dominates the northern areas of South America.
The Andes Mountains extend for about 4,300 north and south across nearly the entire length of the
eastern edge of South America, making the Andes the longest mountain chain on any continent. The
Andes are second only to the Himalaya Mountains of Asia in height. However, some of the mountains of
the Andes are active volcanoes. The areas where tectonic plates meet under the Andes are subject to
earthquakes, some of which can be severe.
(Text adapted from: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geography_of_South_America)
Question 35. What do we learn about the continent of South America in the first paragraph?
A. It is shaped like a rectangle.
B. It is larger than three other continents.
C. It has a hot climate.
D. It is surrounded by oceans.
Question 36. The equator runs through what part of South America?
A. North B. South C. East D. West
Question 37. Which of the following oceans borders on South America?
A. Atlantic Ocean B. Indian Ocean C. Arctic Ocean D. All of the above
Question 38. What is special about Cape Horn?
A. It is the tallest mountain in South America.
B. It is where the Amazon River meets the Atlantic Ocean.
C. It is where the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans meet.
D. It is a famous volcano.
Question 39. What is said about ships travelling around Cape Horn?
A. It is still impossible to travel around Cape Horn.
B. Modern ships can travel around Cape Horn.
C. In the past, no one took journeys around Cape Horn.
D. Ships meet favourable conditions when travelling around Cape Horn.
Question 40. The Scotia Sea ________.
A. is to the north of South America
B. belongs in the Pacific Ocean
C. is between two continents
D. none of the above
Question 41. What is true about the Amazon River?
A. It is the longest river in the world.
B. It is the second largest river in the world.
C. It runs from the north to the south of South America.
D.It is surrounded by the rainforest ecosystem.
Question 42. Which statement best describes the Andes Mountains?
 A. The Andes Mountains is the longest mountain chain in the world.
B. The Andes Mountains has the highest peak in the world.
C. The volcanoes on the Andes are no longer active.
D. Earthquakes on the Andes are relatively minor.
Circle theletter A, B, C, or D to indicate the sentence that is closest in meaning to each of the following
questions.
Question 43. Your car is more expensive than mine.
A. My car is not as cheap as yours.
B. Your car is not cheaper than mine.
C. My car is as expensive as yours.
D. My car is not as expensive as yours.
Question 44. I often get up early.
A. I am used to get up early.
B. I can get up early.
C. I am used to getting up early.
D. I like to get up early.
Question 45. The more money Peter makes, the more his wife spends.
A. Peter's wife spends more and more money.
B. Peter spends more money than his wife.
C. Peter and his wife both make money.
D. Peter spends the money his wife makes.
Circle the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the underlined part that needs correction in each of the
following questions.
Question 46. Using non-renewable energy sources like coal and fossil fuels harm the environment.
A B C D
Question 47. One of the main cause of air pollution in Vietnam is exhaust fumes from motorbikes and
A B C D
cars.
Question 48. Eco-friendly tourism helps tourists appreciate the beauty of a destination without destroy it.
A B C D
Circle the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the sentence that best combines each pair of sentences in the
following questions.
Question 49. The baby slept soundly. The children made a lot of noise.
A. The children couldn’t sleep because of the noise.
B. The baby woke up because the children made noise.
C. The baby and the children slept through the noise.
D.The noise didn't prevent the baby from sleeping.
Question 50. It started to rain at 2 o'clock. It is still raining.
A. It has been raining at 2 o'clock.
B. It has been raining since 2 o'clock.
C. It has been raining for 2 o'clock.
D. It has been raining in 2 o'clock.

************************************************
 ANSWER KEY

UNIT 1. FAMILY LIFE

A PRONUNCIATION
1 1. housework 2. breadwinner 3. divide 4. homemaker
5. recreation 6. rubbish 7. important 8. alike
9. manage 10. routine
2 1. breakfast-bring 2. cry-crack 3. train-trousers 4. trip-travel
5. treasure-training 6. crash-critical 7. brother-brain 8. crab-crocodile
9. crazy-crowded 10. broom-break
3 Students' answers
B. VOCABULARY & GRAMMAR
1 1. e. 2. d 3. b 4.f 5. c
6. a 7. i 8.g 9. j 10. h
2 1.B 2. B 3. A 4. A 5. B
6. A 7. A 8. B 9.A 10. A
3 1. responsible 2. parenting 3. housework 4. solution
5. manages 6. sociable 7. marriage 8. difficult
9. educated 10. traditional
4 1. married 2. growth 3. develop 4. face
5. raising/rearing 6. confident 7. achieve
5 1. is/'s doing 2. are 3. is/'s watering-does
4. takes 5. is/'s ironing 6. is/'s sweeping 7. is/'s feeding
8. helps 9. says 10. have
6 1. are 2. is 3. are proudly wearing 4. comes
5. are coming 6. want 7. are feeling 8. takes
9. likes 10. goes 11. does 12. fixes
C. READING
1 1.B 2. A 3. C 4. A 5. A
6. B 7. C 8. C 9.A 10. B
2 1. T 2. F 3. F 4.T 5. F 6. T 7. F 8. T

3 1.C 2. C 3. B 4. C 5. D
6. D 7. B 8. C 9. C 10. A
4 1. own 2. underlies 3. eliminate 4. take
5. barriers 6. achieved 7. discriminatory 8. leave
9. partners 10. as well as
D. WRITING
1 1. I jog every day.
2. What time does the opera start tonight?
3. The sun is shining and the birds are singing.
4. He's/is washing his car in the garden.
5. I'm/am having a nasty flu.
6.- Who usually does the housework in your family?
- My mother does.
 7. Women should have equal access to opportunities for career development as men.
8. Jane usually reads books for one hour every day.
9. - It's/It is really stressful for my mother to handle all the household chores by herself.
- My mother finds it hard to do so, too.
10. - My father always helps out in the house whenever he has time.
- My father rarely does housework.
2 Model answer
I disagree that men should be the main earner, not women for three main reasons. First of all, women
should be independent as well. They need to have their own money for they cannot depend on their
husband's budget for personal problems like clothes, or skincare. Furthermore, they should be ready to
face the challenges in case they cannot rely on their spouse for financial support. Secondly, depending on
each family's condition, women may need to work in order to help provide for their family. Moreover,
they can even make much more than their partner, thus turning them into the breadwinner. Having said
that, some women actually want to go to work, experience something exciting that they have never
experienced at home. Thirdly, in today's world, more women are educated and they need to put their
knowledge to good use, not to use it wastefully at home. They need to have an identity, a role, a voice in
society. Most females don't realise how smart they are until they go out to the real world and make a huge
contribution to the world. All things considered, I think women have as much capability as men to share
the main financial responsibilities.
 UNIT 2. YOUR BODY AND YOU
A. PRONUNCIATION
1 1. /pr/ 2. /gr/ 3. /pl 4./pl/ 5. /pr/
6. /gr/ 7. /gr/ 8. /pl/ 9. /gl/ 10./pr/
2 1. D 2. A 3. C 4. B 5. C
6.A 7.A 8. C 9. C 10. B
3 Students' answers
B. VOCABULARY & GRAMMAR
1 1. skeleton 2. lungs 3. brain 4. bones
5. heart 6. skull 7. spine 8. intestine
9. stomach 10. kidneys
2 1. respiratory system 2. circulatory system 3. skeletal system
4. nervous system 5. digestive system
3 1. evidence 2. Illness/ailment 3. discomfort
4. promote 5. unhealthy 6. unsafe/dangerous
7. yang 8. change 9. complicated/complex
10.decrease 11. gain weight 12. breathe out
13. start 14. care 15. choice/option
4 1. digestive 2. absorbed 3. energy 4. respiratory
5. balanced 6. consuming 7. obesity 8. friendly
9. promotes 10. productivity
5 1. well-being 2. widely 3.absorbed
4. alternative 5. variety 6. healing
6 1. d 2. e 3. c 4.f 5. b
6. a 7. h 8. j 9. g 10. i
7 l. B 2. B 3. C 4.B 5. A 6. A 7. A 8. B
9. C 10. C 11. A 12. B 13. C 14. A 15. B 16. A
17. A 18. C 19. A 20. B
C. READING
1 1. F 2. A 3. A/E 4. C 5. F 6. B 7. D 8. B
2 1. D 2. C 3. B 4.A
3 l. F 2. T 3. T 4. F 5. NG 6. T 7. F 8. F
3 1. Four/4; They are A, B, AB and O.
2. (I need to have) the same type of blood with the person who gives me blood./blood that matches
your own type.
3. (It contains) six million red blood cells and up to 10, 000 white blood cells.
4. The cells of the bone marrow.
5. Because muscles produce heat when they use energy.
6. 40%/40 per cent.
7. over 200 (different muscles)
D WRITING
1. 1. you type this for me
2. to take me to the airport
3. going to do a Japanese course next month
4. going to wear a vintage dress to the alumni party
 5. more interested in yoga today
2. 1. Eating a balanced diet of different foods will help fight off diseases.
2. Acupuncture is an alternative to modern medicine for the treatment of certain ailments.
3. You should drink a lot of water to keep your body from dehydration.
4. Drinking warm milk before bedtime will help/helps you fall into sleep more easily.
5. Kicking a bad habit is not always easy.
6. Infection occurred because they failed to take necessary precautions.
7. Our heart beats faster when we exercise because our muscles use more oxygen.
8. Eating the right foods and doing regular exercise keeps/will keep us healthy.
9. There are about 50 million cells in the body and 100,000 km of blood vessels.
10. The liver is a large gland which processes amino acids and stores vitamins and glycogen.
3 Model answer
Here are some ways I exercise that have helped me a lot physically and mentally. Firstly, I ride my
bike to school every day. It's early morning exercise that helps to warm up my muscles. Secondly, I play
some sports in the afternoon, either basketball or badminton. Both of these sports have helped with my
height and the posture of my back. As a secondary school student, after long hours at school, I get
backaches which hurt a lot. So playing these sports is a necessity for me. Thirdly, at the weekends, I wake
up early at around 5 to 5:30 am and go swimming. By doing this, I am stretching my arms, legs and my
body is absorbing the morning sunlight, thus, adding vitamin D to my bones. These forms of exercise have
helped me and I'm sure they'll help you as well.
 UNIT 3. MUSIC
A. PRONUNCIATION
1 1. 2nd 2. 1st 3. 3rd 4. 2nd 5. 2nd
6. 1st 7. 3rd 8. 1st 9. 2nd 10. 2nd
2 1. B 2. B 3. A 4. B 5. A
6. B 7. A 8. B 9. A 10. A
3 Students' answers
B. VOCABULARY & GRAMMAR
1 1. a 2. a 3. a 4. b 5. b
6. a 7. a 8. a 9. b 10. b
2 1. season 2. Top 3. auditioning 4. semifinal
5. judges 6. winner 7. won 8. released
9. debut 10. singer
3 1. composer 2. successful 3. powerful 4. inspiration
5. hope 6. nominated 7. patriotic 8. performing
9. influential 10. singer
4 1.D 2. A 3. A 4. C 5. A
6. C 7. D 8. D 9. D 10. A
11. C 12. A 13. A 14. D 15. C
5 1. B (to watch) 2. C (to wear) 3. B (to go out) 4. A (to buy)
5. A (and Blake) 6. A (to say) 7. B (both) 8. C (or)
9. D (but) 10. B (carry/to carry) 11. B (study) 12. A (to get)
13. D (or folk songs) 14. C (get) 15. C (so)
C. READING
1. 1. B 2. D 3.C 4.A
2. 1. duets, professional and amateur
2. 13/15 or over
3. Television viewers
4. Telephone, internet, SMS text and iTunes Store purchases of the audio-recorded artists' vocal
performances.
5. US$100,000 - a record deal with Universal Music Group
6. guide their teams of selected artists through the remainder of the season
7. (the) winning coach
8. Adam Levine, Blake Shelton, Christina Aguilera, CeeLo Green
9. Adam Levine, Blake Shelton, Christina Aguilera, CeeLo Green
10. Shakira, Usher, Adam Levine, Blake Shelton
11. Adam Levine, Blake Shelton, Christina Aguilera, CeeLo Green
12. Shakira, Usher, Adam Levine, Blake Shelton
13. Gwen Stefani, Pharrell Williams, Adam Levine, Blake Shelton
14. Adam Levine, Blake Shelton, Pharrell, Christina Aguilera
15. Gwen Stefani, Pharrell Williams, Adam Levine, Blake Shelton
16. Adam Levine, Blake Shelton, ChristinaAguilera, Pharrell Williams
17. Miley Cyrus, Alicia Keys, Adam Levine, Blake Shelton
18. Alicia Keys, Gwen Stefani, Adam Levine, Blake Shelton
19. Jennifer Hudson, Miley Cyrus, Adam Levine, Blake Shelton
 20. Alicia Keys, Kelly Clarkson, Adam Levine, Blake Shelton
3. 1. B 2. B 3. C 4. B 5. C
6. A 7. B 8. C 9. B 10. C
D. WRITING
1. 1. to leave the company for what I had done wrong
2. Jimmy and Jenny like Mozart
3. in a traffic jam, so they missed the first part of the show
4. to talk to the teacher
5. not to do it again
6. to go to that bar any longer
7. to go out for a cup of tea
8. to make it through to the finale
9. his dad/father to let him have a go with it
10. redecorate the room
2 John Lennon was a singer and songwriter. He was born in Liverpool, England on October 9,1940. In
1957, he formed his first band, the Quarrymen. He met Paul McCartney in the same year and invited
McCartney to join his music group. Three years later, in 1960 John formed the Beatles, the legendary
band, with Paul McCartney, George Harrison and Ringo Starr. On April 8,1963, his son, Julian Lennon
was born, with his first wife, Cynthia Powell. In 1969, John left the Beatles, and this year he got
remarried to Yoko Ono and added "Ono" as one of his middle names. From 1970 onwards, his solo
career began. In May 1971, John recorded 'Imagine', the best-selling single of his solo career. On
October 9,1975, his second son, Sean Lennon was born with his second wife, Yoko Ono. On December 8,
1980, three weeks after his last album Double Fantasy with Ono was released, legendary songwriter,
singer John Lennon was killed by a crazed fan named Mark David Chapman.
3 Model answer
I enjoy watching American Idol because of the appeal of the contestants, the judges and the host. First
of all, the contestants impress me with their unique talents. For example, some contestants can not only
sing but also dance. Some both sing and play musical instruments; Others sing with a wide vocal range
and with great emotion, which is fascinating to watch. I am crazy about American Idol also because I
adore the way the judges critique the contestants' performances, through their clever and constructive
comments, complemented by their very own personality traits and styles. Last but not least, the host
always magnifies me. He is handsome, charming, and collected. Above all, as a speech talent, he is there
to lift up the spirit of the show. In conclusion, I like American Idol as a whole package of its unique
contestants, judges and host.
(144 words)
 TEST YOURSELF - UNITS 1, 2 & 3
l. C 2. D 3. A 4. C 5. A
6. C 7. C 8. A 9. D 10. B
11. B 12. A 13. D 14. D 15. A
16. C 17. D 18. C 19. B 20. A
21. A 22. D 23. A 24. C 25. C
26. B 27. D 28. C 29. B 30. A
31. C 32. B 33. D 34. D 35. A
36. B 37. C 38. B 39. C 40. B
41. D 42. A 43. A 44. D 45. B
46. B 47. B 48. B 49. C 50. D
 UNIT 4. FOR A BETTER COMMUNITY
A. PRONUNCIATION
1 1. C 2. A 3. C 4.C 5. B
6. D 7. C 8. A 9. B 10. A
2 Students' answers.
B. VOCABULARY & GRAMMAR
1 1. c 2. e 3. g 4.a 5. b 6. h 7d 8. f
2 1. satisfaction 2. non-profit 3. fundraiser 4. grateful
5.generous 6. philanthropy 7. goodwill 8. charity
3 1. careless 2. beautiful 3. wonderful 4. homeless
5. fearless 6. helpful 7. successful 8. hairless
9. friendless 10. sleepless 11. careful 12. peaceful
13. graceful 14. truthful 15. priceless 16. careless
17. useful 18. beautiful 19. cloudless 20. harmful
21. hopeful
4 1. boring 2. bored 3. annoying 4. depressed
5. embarrassed 6. frightening 7. interested 8. excited
9. disappointed 10. interesting 11. surprising 12. confusing
13. disgusting 14. exhausted 15. interesting
16. depressing/depressed 17. fascinated 18. relaxing
19. shocking 20. puzzling 21. tired 22. amusing
5 1. heard 2. was cooking 3. rang 4. was playing
5. came 6. was making 7. broke 8. were having
9. was cycling 10. injured 11. was traveling 12. fell down
13. stole 1 4. was not looking 15. hurt 16. died
17. was raining 18. fell asleep 19. slept 20. was chasing
6 1. tells 2. was 3. took 4. would assume
5. was 6. was 7. spent 8. was
9. were 10. were 11. thought 12. loved
13. was helping 14. made 15. is 16. do
17. is 18. get 19. love 20. volunteered
21. do 22. do 23. don't volunteer 24. said
25. will be 26. will be 27. have sought 28. provides
29. aren't 30. have 31. involves 32. abound
33. is 34. have also found 35. had 36. raised
37. Don't be 38. jump 39. learn 40. become
41. grow 42. make 43. are 44. Starts
45. showing 46. be
C. READING
1 1. i. d ii. a iii. f iv. b v. c vi. e
2. C 3.A 4. A
2 1. i. c ii. a iii. e iv. d v. b 2. B 3. C
3 1.F 2. T 3. F 4. F 5. T 6. T 7. F 8.T
4. 1. The volunteers help disabled children learn to surf.
2. He had a great time and was very happy.
 3. Because this is the first time some children have ever been in the ocean.
5. l. f 2. g 3. a 4. d 5.b 6.c 7. e 8. F
9. F 10. T 11. T 12. F 13. T 14. F 15. T 16. F
17. Students' answers.
D. WRITING
1 1. Yesterday, the sun shone its rays through the green leaves.
2. Last night, my cat bit me when I tried to hold her.
3. woke up at 5a.m. last Monday morning to catch a flight.
4. Yesterday, the whole class stood up when the teacher came in.
5. He rode his horse last Saturday.
6. Last year, my mom hid the presents until Christmas morning.
7. She forgot to turn off the lights when going out last night.
8. I felt really good when I donated my clothes to the poor last year.
9. Yesterday, some of the boys in my class fought each other.
10. Last Sunday, I fed the poor at a local soup kitchen.
2 Native Plan t Salvage Program
Dear Sir/Madam,
I am writing to apply for a post of a volunteer at the Department of Natural Resources' Native Plant
Salvage Program. I saw the advertisement in the Youth Newspaper on February 14th.
I have experience working with plants as I grew up on a farm. I used to help my grandparents plant
vegetables in the garden.
I also have a love for nature and plants. I strongly believe in preserving the environment for future
generations. Iam hardworking, patient and eager to learn.
I am available for an interview any day after school or at weekends. If my application is successful, I
can start working from next month in the afternoon and at weekends.
I look forward to hearing from you.
Yours faithfully,
Mai Tran
 UNIT 5. INVENTIONS
A. PRONUNCIATION
1. 1. 'Greenhouse Green 'house
2. 'Blackboard Black 'board
3. Dark 'room 'Darkroom
4. Mobile 'person 'Mobile phone
5. 'Stone age Stone 'building
6. 'Hotdog Hot 'tea
7. Summer 'clothes 'Summertime
2 Students' answers.
B. VOCABULARY & GRAMMAR
1 1. c 2. a 3. b 4. d 5. e
Verb Noun Adjective Person

create creation creative creator

invent invention inventive inventor

discover discovery discovered/ discovering discoverer

Inspire inspiration inspired/ inspiring/ inspirational inspirer

2 1. inspires 2. economical 3. patent 4. versatile

5. principle 6. generous 7. brainstorm 8. imitated
9. portable 10. infectious
3 1. have enjoyed 2. have stuck 3. have used 4. have been
5. have driven 6. have written 7. has finished 8. haven't done
9. Has Huyen cleaned 10. has just corrected
11. Have Emily and Anne eaten 12. hasn't watered
13. Have the students gone 14. haven't finished
15. Has your brother passed 16. hasn't written
17. Have you seen/haven't 18. has just opened
19. haven't learnt 20. Have you read/have
4 l. yet 2. ever 3. just
4. yet 5. yet 6. ever
7. ever 8. ever 9. just
10. ever 11. yet 12. yet
13. just 14. ever 15. yet
5 1. lighting 2. to relax 3. cutting 4. to get
5. playing 6. to practise 7. to go 8. coming
9. to study 10. being 11. to build 12. to read
13. studying 14. to help 15. to learn 16. writing
17. to navigate 18.to search 19. cleaning 20. telling
6 1. naturally 2. absolutely 3. discovery 4. dissolved
5. findings 6. widely 7. clinical 8. production
9. jointly 10. curative
C. READING
1 1. i. e ii. h iii. f iv. a v. b vi. d vii. g viii. c
2. T 3. T 4.F 5. F 6. T
7. F 8. T 9. F 10. F
2 1.B 2. A 3. C
3 1. He wanted to find a new and exciting way to get a thrill.
2. The vehicles could not get into the areas he wanted to go.
3. It is a sport where people tie themselves to horses and get dragged through the snow.
4. It means being silly.
4. 1. F 2. T 3. T 4. F 5.T 6. F 7. F 8. F
9. F 10. T 11. B 12. C 13. A 14. C 15. B
D. WRITING
1 1. It's the first time she's been to a pottery museum.
2. She hasn't worked since the accident/ She hasn't been able to work since the accident.
3. Alice hasn't seen Tom yet.
4. I'm not hungry. I've already eaten something.
5. You've missed the bus. It's just left.
6. I have come to this restaurant before.
7. Have you ever been to the opera?
8. You're too late. The film has already begun.
9. I haven't had a cold since October.
10. Carlos has recently taken up a new hobby.
2 Students' answer.
Model answer:
Airplanes were invented in 1903 by the brothers, Orville and Wilbur Wrights, in America. Airplanes
are important because they are capable of transporting goods as well as people to the other side of the
world in less than a day. Before the invention of safe and convenient travel by airplane, journeys took
much longer and were more difficult. That's why invention of airplanes was considered important. This
technology has broadened minds through enormous cultural exchanges. The airplane has also
contributed towards promoting business around the world and the globalisation of modern day society.
 TEST YOURSELF - UNITS 4 & 5
1. B 2. A 3. A 4. D 5. A
6. B 7. D 8. A 9. B 10. B
11. D 12. D 13. B 14. C 15. A
16. C 17. B 18. C 19. A 20. D
21. A 22. C 23. C 24. D 25. D
26. B 27. A 28. C 29. C 30. B
31. D 32. A 33. A 34. C 35. B
36. A 37. C 38. D 39. B 40. C
41. D 42. C 43. C 44. A 45. C
46. C 47. C 48. D 49. D 50. C
 UNIT 6. GENDER EQUALITY
A. PRONUNCIATION
1 1. D 2. D 3. B 4. B 5. C
6. A 7. A 8. C 9.D 10. A
2 Students' answers.
B. VOCABULARY & GRAMMAR
1 l.d 2. i 3. b 4. g 5. a
6. j 7. f 8. c 9.e 10. h
2 1. compete 2. bridge the gap 3. financial independence
4. promote 5. discrimination 6. ambitious
7. feminist 8. male chauvinist 9. pressured
10. maternity leave
3 1. Can 2. must 3. shouldn't 4. must not
5. should 6. needn't 7. have to 8. can't
9. mustn't 10. shouldn't
4 l.B 2. B 3. C 4. A 5. A
6. B 7. D 8. D 9. C 10. C
11. A 12. B 13. C 14. B 15. D
5 1. awareness 2. preference 3. imbalances 4. educational
5. reinforced 6. agricultural 7. winner 8. decisions
9. dependent 10. Initiative 11. tackled
C. READING
1 l. B 2. B 3. C 4. A
2 l. T 2. F 3. F 4. F 5. F 6. T
3 1. i. b ii. c iii.f iv. d v. a vi. e
2. C 3. A
4 1. i.d ii. a iii. e iv. b v. c vi. f
2. B 3. C 4. A
5 l. C 2. A 3. B 4. C 5. B 6. A 7. A
D. WRITING
1 1. She can speak French really well.
2. will learn German quite quickly.
3. Would you help me with my English?
4. There is someone at the door. It might be our Russian teacher.
5. You must know Spanish to get this job.
6. He could speak Portuguese when he was younger.
7. I may pass the exam if I'm lucky.
8. She ought to study harder to pass her French exam.
2 1. The work must be done today.
2. The ambulance should be called.
3. Dinner must be served.
4. This project must be finished by Friday.
5. He said that my computer can be fixed.
6. The office doesn't have to be cleaned today.
7. Used tissue mustn't be dropped on the floor.
 8. The grass in our back yard shouldn't be cut.
9. Our cars can't be parked near the theather, as the parking lot is full.
10. The kids' toys shouldn't be left in the living room.
3 Yes, women are equal to men: a, d, e, h, i, j
Women have a long way to go before they are equal to men: b, c, f, g
Writing: students' answer.
Model answer:
In my opinion, women are now more equal to men, but they still have a long way to go before being
truly equal.
To start with, women nowadays are equal to men in many fields. First of all, many governments have
both male and female representatives. There are even female presidents. In addition, many television
series now portray women as successful career makers. This is true in real life as well since many
companies are now owned or managed by women. Moreover, a lot of progress has been made thanks to
women's involvement. That's the reason why many important laws have been passed to ensure equality in
the workplace. I believe that men now also share the raising of children and household responsibilities.
Nonetheless, the truth of the matter is that women are not truly equal to men. Without a doubt, women
still earn less than men in many work situations. In addition, women are still portrayed in a superficial
manner in many television shows. Pagent shows and beauty contests make women seem like objects
rather than people. What’s more, most governments still are made up in their majority of men. The
number of female politicians is still very small. Lastly, women are often not given enough responsibility at
work based on the possibility that they might become pregnant.
Overall, 1 believe we still need to speak out more in order to have true gender equality.
 UNIT 7. CULTURAL DIVERSITY
A. PRONUNCIATION
1 1. 'conflict 2. con'flict 3. 'decrease
4. decrease 5. im'port 6. 'import
7. increase 8. 'increase 9. 'insult
10. in'sult 11. perfect 12. 'perfect
13. permit 14. per'mit 15. pre'sent
16. present 17. 'produce 18. pro'duce
19. pro'test 20. protest 21. re'cord
22. 'record 23. 'suspect 23. sus'pect
25. ad'dress 26. 'address 27. 'content
28. con'tent 29. 'object 30. ob'ject
2 Students' answer.
B. VOCABULARY & GRAMMAR
1 1. flower girl 2. speech 3. engagement ring
4.fiancée 5. register 6. bouquet
7. bride 8. honeymoon 9. groom
10. reception 11. engagement 12. cold feet
13. proposal
2 1. bouquet 2. bride 3. cold feet 4. engagement ring
5. engagement 6. fiancée 7. flower girl 8. groom
9. honeymoon 10. proposal 11. reception
12. register 13. speech
3 1. the most spoken 2. lazier than 3. warmer
4. the most popular 5. more popular than 6. more difficult than
7. as absent-minded as 8. healthier than 9. the fastest
10. the most beautiful 11. less 12. the best
13. nicer than 14. faster than 15. the tallest
4 1. the most expensive 2. the most interesting 3. more/less beautiful
4. The least/most attractive 5. more exciting 6. more frightening
7. less risky 8. the most dangerous
9. the least/most handsome - the least/most attractive
10. less expensive 11. more interesting 12. more generous
5 1. Korean is the official language of South Korea.
2. The Republic of Korea is an industrialized  nation.
3 .  South Korea has two mountain ranges, the Taebaek Mountain sand the Sobaek Mountains.
4. The three major rivers are the Han, the Kum, and the Naktong.
5.  Seoul is the capital of Korea.
6. All Korean holidays are based on the lunar calendar.
7.  Chuseok, the Harvest Moon Festival, is a time for thanksgiving.
8. Yut is a popular board game for the Lunar New Year celebration.
9. The most famous Korean story is “The Tale of Chunnhyang". It is a popular love story.
10. One of Korea's most famous places is a theme park called Everland Resort.
11. When you visit a Korean home, you should always remove your shoes at the entrance.
12.  Kimchi is a dish that is unique to  Korea.
 13. Dishes at a dining table are always passed with the right hand.
14. Korean words have special endings to use whenspeaking to the elder.
15. Scientists at Seoul National University created theworld's first cloned dog. It was an Afghan
houndnamed  Snuppy.
16. The traditional Korean style outfit is called ahanbok.
17. The woman's hanbok has a blouse, called a chogori, and it has a very full skirt.
18. The blouse is tied at the waist and has  long, full sleeves.
19. The men's chogori tends to be longer than the women's and is styled more like a tunic.
20. Instead of a skirt, men wear 0 baggy trousers called paji.
6 1. of 2. in 3. a 4. From 5. the 6. it 7. at 8. who
9. in 10. what 11. do 12. far 13. can 14. run 15. no 16. on
17. as 18. have 19. has 20. for 21. so 22. up 23. them 24. to
25. over 26. that 27. to
C READING
1 1. i. paw ii. confetti iii. district
iv. walk down the aisle v. register
2 1. B 3. C
3 l.True 2. False 3. True 4. False 5. True
1. i. criticism ii. rights iii. ritual
iv. entertainment v. originate
2. People believe it originated in the Middle Ages as a ritual during times of bad illness.
3. Nothing, the tradition is still continued.
4. Because they are intelligent animals.
5. It has increased.
6. It is against the national laws on the animal protection and public entertainment.
4 l.C 2. A 3. C 4. B 5. A 6. B 7. C
5 1. Paragraph A: The symbolism
Paragraph B: The legend
Paragraph C: The usage
2. True 3. False 4. True 5. True 6. False
7. False 8. False 9. True 10. True
D WRITING
1 1. less comfortable than 2. the most delicious cake
3. is as tall as 4. is less fit than
5. not as healthy as 6. is as heavy as/ has the same weight as
7. is not so/as strong as 8. the most beautiful painting I
2. 2. Don't walk under a ladder:
It is thought that this superstition originates in Egypt thousands of years ago. The Egyptians strongly
believed in the power of the pyramids. So much so that even a ladder leaning against a wall formed a
triangle which symbolised a pyramid. They believed that walking under a ladder would break the 'power'
of the pyramid and bring bad luck.
3. Don't break a mirror
In Roman times, it was believed that your reflection (in a mirror or in water) represented your soul. If
the reflection was distorted (e.g. by the mirror breaking or a stone being thrown into the water), your soul
would be distorted too, bringing you bad luck.The Romans also believed that people's health changed in
7-year cycles; so after breaking your reflection, you would have 7 years of bad health or misfortune.
 UNIT 8. NEW WAYS TO LEARN
A. PRONUNCIATION
1 1. A 2. C 3. D 4. B 5. C
2 1. B 2. C 3. D 4. A 5. B
6. C 7. D 8. D 9. A 10. A
B. VOCABULARY & GRAMMAR
1 l. B 2. C 3. B 4. B 5. C
6. A 7. C 8. B 9. B 10. C
2 1. plug 2. live 3. run 4. connection
5. running 6. motor 7. save 8. devices
3 1. Click on 2. switch on 3. shut down 4. scan in
5. log in 6. hack into 7. go down 8. Scroll down
9. Type in 10. pop-up
4 1. the 2. to 3. be 4. by 5. is 6. at 7. not 8. a
9. can 10. in 11. in 12. can 13. in 14. to
5 1. who 2. which 3. whom/that/who 4. whose 5. which/that
6. who 7. who 8. when/that 9. which/that 10. whose
11. which 12. whom/who 13. who 14. whose 15. which/that
6 l. B 2. C 3. B 4.A 5. B 6.C 7. D 8. B
9. C 10. A 11. A 12. C 13. B 14. D 15. C
C. READING
1 1. Critical thinking skills and problem solving skills.
2. Walk, dance, follow instructions, teach kids coding.
3. They can get a high-tech job in the future.
4. C 5. B
6. Students' answer
7. T 8. F 9. F 10. T 11. T 12. F
2 l. T 2. T. 3. F 4. F 5. F
6. T 7. T 8. T 9. F 10. T
3 1E 2A 3B 4F 5G
D. WRITING
1 1. Teens use blogs which can have a positive impact in society.
2. Citizens who post news stories on the web usually become amateur reporters.
3. I've just posted a blog which shares some ideas on ways to learn English.
4. Traditional newspapers, which have become obsolete, should adopt an online version.
5. Jonas writes a blog which is aimed at teens' problems and worries.
6. School newspapers which have an online version get more attention from students.
7. Our school newspaper, whose main priority is to make teens aware of internet dangers, asked for the
cooperation of students.
8. Sarah deleted some photos which were on her Facebook page.
9. My school has a website which is aimed at providing information for students.
10. Mobile Stories, which must be created with mobile phone technology, is an interesting project in
our English class.
2 Students' answer.
Model answer:
 Distance learning is a method of studying in which lessons are broadcasted as videos or classes are
conducted over the Internet, without the student's needing to attend a school or college. There are both
advantages and disadvantages of learning with this method.
On the one hand, distance learning has many benefits. First of all, it saves travelling time because you
don't need to come to class. So, you also save money on travelling. This is also good for elderly and
disabled people who cannot move around. Moreover, with distance learning, you can devote time to your
studies. Because it is online, you can study at your own convenience, whenever you have free time. You
can easily schedule your study time. In addition, you can do any course from anywhere in the world. You
won't have to face competition from fellow students, so you can study at your own pace.
On the other hand, there are certain drawbacks with distance learning. First, it is quite expensive. You
need a computer and Internet connection to study online. Secondly, not all courses are available as
distance education. For example, if you want to learn some practical work, it cannot be done. In addition,
you do not have classmates so there are no group discussions and debates. You can't talk directly to the
teacher so there is no immediate feedback. Your problems and questions cannot be solved immediately.
Because you work in a virtual world, it requires a lot of self-discipline so that you don't put off homework.
In conclusion, distance learning is suitable for some but not others. You should ask what your goals
and learning styles are before deciding whether distance learning is for you.
 TEST YOURSELF - UNITS 6, 7 & 8
l. C 2. D 3. A 4. B 5. C
6. B 7. B 8. D 9. D 10. A
11. A 12. D 13. C 14. B 15. B
16. A 17. D 18. C 19. B 20. D
21. A 22. D 23. C 24. A 25. D
26. B 27. B 28. D 29. B 30. C
31. A 32. D 33. A 34. C 35. B
36. D 37. C 38. A 39. C 40. B
41. A 42. D 43. C 44. B 45. D
46. D 47. C 48. A 49. A 50. C
 UNIT 9. PRESERVING THE ENVIRONMENT
A. PRONUNCIATION
1 1. a'wareness 2. 'poverty 3. de'pletion
4. so'lution 5. pro'tection 6. e'rosion
7. 'energy 8. con'sumption 9. e'mission
10. 'natural 11. conser'vation 12. degression
13. di'version 14. en'danger 15. e'cology
2 1. D 2. C 3. A 4. B 5. C
6. A 7. B 8. D 9. C 10. D
B. VOCABULARY & GRAMMAR
1 1. acid rain 2. aerosol 3. atmosphere
4. ban 5. biodegradable 6. biodiversity
7. biosphere 8. carbon dioxide 9. carbon footprint
10. climate change 11. compost 12. conservation
13. deforestation 14. desertification 15. drought
16. dump 17. earthquake 18. ecology
19. emission 20. endangered species 21. environment
22. environmentalist23. erosion 24. exhaust fumes
2 1. c 2. g 3. a 4. d 5. b
6. i 7. f 8. h 9. j 10. e
3 l. B 2. A 3. C 4. D 5. B
6. B 7. B 8. A 9. D 10. C
4 1. whalers 2. coastal 3. fried
4. butchered 5. global 6. environmentalists
7. sixth 8. ends
5 1. I told him to leave me alone.
2. The teacher told us that we had to concentrate more.
3. Amy asked me not to say anything.
4. Holly admitted that she had taken the necklace.
5. Dad said he would speak to my teacher in the morning.
6. Mrs Brown asked me if I had seen her cat.
7. I asked Lisa if she wanted some water.
8. Suzy asked Joe where he had left the newspaper.
9. Jack asked Sam if he’d lend him some money.
10. The teacher asked Ben what he was doing.
C. READING
1 1. i. b ii. a iii. d iv. e v.f vi. c
2. C 3. B 4. A 5. A
6. i. d ii. e iii. b iv. f v. a vi. c
7. B 8. A
2 1. i. bureau ii. attempt iii. pollution iv. exceed
v. extent vi. issue vii. emission viii. culprit
2. B 3. B 4. C 5. A 6. A
3 l. C 2. A 3. A 4. C 5. C 6. B
7. A 8. C 9. B 10. D 11.C 12. C
D. WRITING
1 1. The environmentalists warned us that nuclear energy might be very dangerous.
2. They reminded us that the horrible flood had killed many people.
3. They added that the radiation had contaminated air, water, soil and all living beings.
4. They stated that many people had developed diseases.
5. Scientists said that we were running out of natural resources.
6. They promised that they would find alternative energy sources.
7. The reporter asked the scientist how we could save the whales from extinction.
8. He also asked him what we should do to clean up the oceans.
9. He asked if we could still save our planet.
10. She said we could do simple things to save the planet, like saving energy and reducing waste.
2 Students’ answer
 UNIT 10. ECOTOURISM
A. PRONUNCIATION 1
Stress on 1st syllable Stress on 2nd syllable Stress on 3rd syllable
moisturising sustainable relaxation
fascinating environment preservation
comfortable ecology conservation
philosophy ecological
psychology popularity
biology economics
American sociology sociology
geographical
engineering
mathematics
archeology
understanding
indecisive
conversation
independence
transformation
2 Students' answers
B. VOCABULARY & GRAMMAR
1 1. harbour 2. destination 3. coach 4. trip
5. cruise 6. tour 7. itinerary 8. sustainable
9.package tours 10. ecological
2 l. C 2. A 3. B 4. C 5. B
6. A 7. D 8. B 9.C 10. D
3 1. see 2. will chase 3. will be 4. will call
5. will arrest 6. will ruin 7. will steal 8. doesn't call
9. will give 10. will lend 11. don't go 12. will be
4 1. would type 2. would give 3. would look 4. would be
5. wouldn't make 6. would come 7. were 8. would you visit
9. would you do 10. would buy 11. cleaned 12. would you be able
5 1. will have 2. will happen 3. had 4. would not have
5. leaves 6. will sit 7. comes 8. would you choose
9. didn't talk 10. will you stay 11. will go 12. would you visit
6 1. probably 2. growing 3. national 4. reserves
5. sustainability 6. damaging 7. crowded 8. seriously
C. READING
1 1. i. d ii. g iii. b iv. i v. a
vi. j vii. c viii. e ix. f x. h
2. i. F ii. T iii. F iv. F v.T
vi. T vii. T viii. T ix. F x. T
1. i. pristine ii. extreme iii. conserve iv. wonder
v. biodiversity vi. pump vii. ensure viii. stunning
ix. preserve x. destination
2 2. A 3. C 4. B 5.A
3 1. By providing VND 11 billion to develop eco-tourism
2. Develop tourism sustainably, enhance competitive edge, preserve and promote cultural heritage
values, especially the Hue Relics Complex.
3. Lang Co Bay, Tam Giang - Cau Hai lagoon, Bach Ma National Park
4. It is one of the world's 30 most beautiful beaches.
5. It is the largest lagoon in South East Asia
4 1. e 2. g 3. m 4. n 5. b 6. a
7. h 8. i 9. l 10. o 11. j 12. d
5 l. B 2.A 3. C 4. C
D. WRITING
1 1. If his parents didn't correct him, he wouldn't speak clearly.
2. If Susan's mother didn't cook healthy food, she wouldn't like healthy food.
3. If your father wasn't/weren't a very good teacher, you couldn't play chess.
4. If you didn't read many books, you wouldn't be intelligent.
5. If Charles wasn't/weren't attentive, he wouldn't be very clever.
6. If they accepted people of your age, you could participate in the contest.
7. If Aunt Lucy exercised, she wouldn't be very fat.
8. If it was/weren't a new thing for you, you would feel afraid.
9. If Maria didn't meet many native speakers, she wouldn't be a good English speaker.
10. If she wasn't/weren't an easy-going person, she wouldn't have got many friends.
11. If Tess didn't go to the cinema every weekend, she wouldn't know many films.
12. If his parents couldn't afford it, he wouldn't have got a car.
13. If I didn't have a good camera, the photo would not be great.
14. If her parents weren't very demanding, the little girl wouldn't behave herself.
15. If the trousers weren't wet, I could wear them.
2 1. I would travel more often if I weren't so busy
2. Mary would go swimming if she could swim.
3. I would buy a new car if I had money.
4. I could send her a birthday invitation if I knew her address.
5. He wouldn't be tired if he didn't work so hard.
6. Unless you hurry, you'll miss the bus.
7. If I were you, I would see a doctor.
8. If I were you, I would give up eating fast food.
9. If I didn't have a lot of homework, I could go to the cinema with my friends.
10. If you don't study more, you will fail your exams.
11. Pam would buy a new flat if she had more money.
12. If I send you the letter by post, you will get it tomorrow.
13. If I go to Ireland this summer, I will have to improve my English.
14. Mei would buy a house on the beach if she had enough money.
15. If your aren't on time, we'll go to the cinema without you.
16. I would go to the cinema if I had enough money.
17. If you aren't careful, you'll fall down.
18. I won't go to the cinema if I don't finish my project.
19. I could watch TV if it worked.
 20. Unless she works hard, she will be sacked.
3 Students' answer.
Model answer:
This Halong Bay cruise is absolutely unique and impressive with many activities, you will be guided to
admire the spectacular nature and get into local life in the floating village.
We sail to magical Halong bay, where thousands of sculpted limestone islands rise from the waves like
dragons' teeth. You will be transferred by a tender to visit one of the most beautiful and the largest
limestone cave in Halong bay call Sung Sot Cave (Surprising Cave).
We will then travel to Soi Sim island where you are able to enjoy swimming, relaxing on the beach as
well as climbing up to top of the island and take spectacular view of Halong bay, you may feel lost in a
mysterious land and don't forget to take as many photos as possible.
We keep cruising to discover LightCave. You will kayak to get closer to small limestone islands.
Finally, we vitit a quaint fishing village and lagoon where you will be able to fish with local people and
enjoy a BBQ dinner.
 TEST YOURSELF - UNITS 9 & 10
1. B 2. C 3. B 4. C 5. C
6. B 7. D 8. A 9. B 10. A
11. B 12. B 13. D 14. C 15. C
16. A 17. A 18. D 19. B 20. A
21. B 22. D 23. C 24. B 25. A
26. A 27. D 28. A 29. D 30. A
31. B 32. C 33. B 34. D 35. B
36. A 37. A 38. C 39. B 40. C
41. D 42. A 43. D 44. C 45. A
46. D 47. B 48. D 49. D 50. B