Settlement Analysis for Foundations

Elastic Settlement Computed from Theory of Elasticity

Consolidation Settlement Computed by Theory of 1-D Consolidation
Analysis as per IS : 8009 Part 1 - 1976, Clause 9.2

Detailed Caclulations- 25 m wide foundation bearing at 4 m depth

Total settlement, S = Si + Sc where Si = immediate settlement
Sc = consolidation settlement
ELASTIC / IMMEDIATE SETTLEMENT
q B' (1 - m2) I
Si = df dr
E
Reference : Foundation Analysis & Design by J.E.Bowles, fifth edition (1996)
where B= Foundation width B' =B/2 m = Poisson's Ratio
q = Applied Bearing Pressure E = Modulus of Elasticity
df = Depth factor dr = Rigidity factor
I = Influence factor at corner of rectangular loaded area(B' x L'),
computed from theory of elasticity using Steinbrenner's factors
Settlement at centre of footing of size B x L = 4 x Settlement at corner of area B' x L'
2
Applied Bearing Pressure q : 19.5 T/m
Depth of Foundation D: 4.0 m
Foundation Shape : Square
Foundation Width B : 25.0 m B' = B/2 : 12.50 m
Foundation Length L : 25.0 m L' = L/2 : 12.50 m
Is Rigid Layer met? Y Rigid Layer at 15.5 m below GL
Design Water Table Depth : 0.0 m
Fox's Depth Factor to be considered ? Y
Depth to be ignored in Depth Factor Computation for
loose soils, poorly compacted backfill, etc. : 0.0 m
Fox's Depth Factor, df = 0.96 Rigidity Factor, dr = 0.80
Consolidation Settlement calculations based on Cc or mv ?: cc

Poisson's Ratio
Precons. Press
Density T/m3

Elasticity, T/m2

Cc2 (p>=pc)
Cc1 (p<pc)
Depth , m
Initial Void
Modulus of
SoilType*

(pc), T/m2
C,G or H

Ratio
Layer
Soil Classification

=
No.
From To

1 0.0 2.0 Silty clay C 1.78 1000 5 0.7 0.0250 0.236 0.45
2 2.0 7.0 Silty clay C 1.83 1500 22 0.66 0.0220 0.290 0.45
3 7.0 11.5 Silty clay C 1.93 2200 30 0.6 0.0200 0.330 0.45
4 11.5 15.5 Silty sand G 2.00 3000 0.33

* For "Soil Type", Enter : C (Cohesive soil), G (Granular soil) or H (Hard soils/Rock - no consolidation)
Thickness, m

AT CENTRE OF LAYER
LAYER No.

Modulus
Layer

Soil of
Depth,m

Depth, m

p Influence Dp If M, (B'/L') N, (H/B') Si

Below

below

Elasticity,
Fndn.

Type
GL.
(H)

m=L'/Z n=B'/Z
T/m2
T/m2 Factor* T/m2
2 3 C 1.5 5.5 4.5 8.33 8.33 0.9 18.0 1500 0.01 1.0 0.1 0.00097
3 4.5 C 5.25 9.25 7.8 2.38 2.38 0.7 14.5 2200 0.05 1.0 0.4 0.00316
4 4 G 9.5 13.5 11.9 1.32 1.32 0.6 11.0 3000 0.14 1.0 0.8 0.00568

SH= 11.5 S Si (m) = 0.010

Elastic Settlement = SSi*df*dr = 7.53
 Settlement Analysis for Foundations
Elastic Settlement Computed from Theory of Elasticity
Consolidation Settlement Computed by Theory of 1-D Consolidation
Analysis as per IS : 8009 Part 1 - 1976, Clause 9.2

Detailed Caclulations- 25 m wide foundation bearing at 4 m depth

CONSOLIDATION SETTLEMENT
As per Terzaghi's theory of one dimensional consolidation :
cc H
Sc = {log(p+Dp)/p} loed df dr
1+e0
= mv Dp H loed df dr e0 = Initial void ratio
where: cc = compression index cc1 = cc for stress range < pre-consoli-dation
p = overburden pressure pressure = recompression index

Dp = incremental pressure computed using stress cc2 = cc for stress range >= pre-consoli-
distribution theory (Boussenesq or
dation pressure
Westergaard)
mv = coeff. of volume change, to be selected
depending on the pressure in layer
loed = oedometer correction factor
2
Applied Bearing Pressure : 19.5 T/m
Foundation Depth, (D) : 4.0 m Stress Distribution Theory : Enter B for
Foundation Width (B) : 25.0 m Boussenesq or W for Westergaard O for W
Foundation Length L : 25.0 m Osterberg Stress Distribution
Oedometer Correction Factor, l : 0.7
2
Overburden Pressure @ Fndn Lvl : 3.22 T/m

dp)/p] /(1+e0)
AT CENTRE OF LAYER
Thickness, m

Cc H log[(p+
Precons.
P + Dp,
below GL.
(Z) Below
Layer

Depth,m

Depth, m

LAYER Soil p Influence Dp Press

cc
Fndn.

2
No. Type m=L'/Z n=B'/Z T/m (pc),
T/m2 Factor* T/m2 T/m2

2 3.0 C 1.50 5.50 4.465 8.33 8.33 0.924 18.01 0.2900 22.48 22.0 0.032
3 4.5 C 5.25 9.25 7.803 2.38 2.38 0.742 14.47 0.0200 22.27 30.0 0.026
4 4.0 G 9.50 13.50 11.895 1.32 1.32 0.565 11.03

SH= 11.5 m * WESTERGAARD INFLUENCE FACTORS S Soed (m) = 0.0581

Consolidation Settlement = SSoed*df*dr*l = 31.2 mm

Total Settlement = Elastic Settlement + Consolidation Settlement

= 7.5 + 31.2
= 38.7 mm