UJIAN AKHIR SEMESTER GENAP 2019/2020

TEKNIK KIMIA

BAHASA INGGRIS TEKNIK

11 Mei 2020

Please read the journal tittle of “Organosilica Membranes for Wetland Saline Water Desalination: Effect
of membranes calcination temperature” and then, answer the questions below:

SCORES
No. QUESTIONS (Max. 4
for each)
A. Find the 1 Paragraph 2
main idea 2 Paragraph 3
and topic 3 Paragraph 4
sentences 4 Paragraph 5
on 5 Paragraph 6

B. Find passive 1 Paragraph 13

and active 2 Paragraph 14
sentences 3 Paragraph 15
on 4 Paragraph 19
5 Paragraph 20
C. According 1 Please write the composition for each raw material of organosilica
to membrane!
Laboratory 2 Systematically, membrane processes consist of: ……
Work Part, 3 For calcination process, xerogels was changed into powder. Could
complete explain your reason refer to chemical concept!
the 4 What are chemical bonds formations on membrane by using
question organic catalyst?
5 How to indicate existence of chemical bond formation in
membrane?
D. Find 1 Paragraph 13
sentences 2 Paragraph 14
which use 3 Paragraph 15
conjunctive 4 Paragraph 19
adverbs on 5 Paragraph 20

E. Make a 1 Paragraph 13
translation 2 Paragraph 16
for 3 Paragraph 23
4 Paragraph 26
5 Paragraph 27
TOTAL SCORES (Max. 100)
Miko Silvariesha

1910814220001

Teknik kimia(A)

1 . Water scarcity had a major impact on meeting life's necessities.

2 . Desalination using membrane is one of technology to increase quality of wetland saline water. It’s
widely through varying method by using membranes.

3 . inorganic membrane from silica based is affordable to be used And has the high potential to separate
small molecules of water and hydrate salt ions.

4 . The problem of separating using a membrane in hydrostability causes the membrane to malfunction.

5 . The making of organosilica membranes with templating carbon material takes a lot of time. This
work, in fact, takes relatively short time.

B.

1 . Organosilica membrane was prepared through sol gel process including hydrolysis and condensation
reaction(passive). chemical reaction in solution under low temperature converting sol to gel(active).
Inorganic acid was rarely used for sol gel reaction(passive). organic acid was also used as catalyst for gel
forming and its physical properties(passive).

2 . During hydrolysis reaction, alkoxide group (OR, whereas R is alkyl group, CxH2x+1) was replaced by
hydroxyl group (OH) (passive). silanol group (Si-OH) reacted and produced siloxane (Si-O-Si), alcohol (R-
OH) and water (passive).

3 . There are many researchers have been delivered for surface silica modification (passive)

4 . Micro structure from silica membrane was determined by reactivity (passive).

5. membrane was prepared through sol gel process employing citric acid catalyst for two types (passive)

C.

1 . 0.0007 N citric acid, ethanol solution (EtOH 70%), water and support membrane (-Al2O3) and acid
catalyst.

2 . Sol gel process

3.

4
5

D.

1 . On the other hand, organic acid was also used as catalyst for gel forming and its physical properties

2. Then, silanol group (Si-OH) reacted and produced siloxane (Si-O-Si), alcohol (R-OH) and water

3. Due to affinity of amorphous silica,

Hence, acid and base catalyst help for up taking of water,

4 . As shown in Figure 2, there are two differences trend line between two types of membrane,

5. then continued to calcination step as endothermic decomposition process

1 Membran Organosilica disiapkan melalui proses sol gel termasuk hidrolisis dan reaksi kondensasi. Sol
gel adalah proses untuk mensintesis senyawa anorganik melalui reaksi kimia dalam larutan di bawah
suhu rendah yang mengubahnya menjadi gel. Asam anorganik jarang digunakan untuk reaksi sol gel,
seperti HCl, HNO3 dan H2SO4. Di pihak lain, asam organik juga digunakan sebagai katalis untuk
membentuk gel dan sifat-sifat fisiknya

3. Fungsi pemisahan menggunakan membran untuk mengukur kemampuan membran untuk

memisahkan molekul garam dan air. Aliran air tinggi dan efek penolakan garam dalam performa
membran tinggi. Di pihak lain, kinerja diberlakukan dalam struktur membran (mesopore).

4. Dengan menggunakan katalis asam sitrat melalui reaksi sol gel yang tertahan di 50oC, membran
organo silica berhasil disintesis. Dibandingkan dengan banyak metode lain untuk senyawa karbon yang
ada, menggunakan katalis asam dapat menghilangkan satu proses dalam mengangkat karbon untuk
relevansi penurunan biaya.

5. Organo silica diubah menjadi desalinasi melalui pervaporation pemberian air asin oleh wetland yang
suhunya sangat rendah. Aliran air dan nilai penolakan garam menunjukkan nilai yang sangat baik untuk
menahan membran di 50oC. Menariknya, spektra IR menunjukkan rantai karbon dalam peti mati silica.
Ini berasal dari katalis organo yang digunakan selama proses sol gel.