The Joy of being

JOHNSON GRAMMAR SCHOOL (I.C.S.E)

MALLAPUR, HYDERABAD
Notes of the lesson
Class:7 Ls-4 Photosynthesis and Respiration in Plants Prepared by Ms. Jaya
Subject: Biology

NEW WORDS:
1. Thylakoid 2. Grana 3. Guard cells 4. Palisade layer

5. Spongy layer 6. Photolysis 7. Variegated leaf 8. Anaerobic respiration

9. Cytoplasm 10. Lenticels 11. Mitochondria 12. Adenosine Tri Phosphate

IMPORTANT POINTS:
1. Green plants make their own food, so they are called autotrophs.
2. The process by which green plants make their own food from carbon dioxide and water in
the presence of sunlight and chlorophyll is called photosynthesis.

3. In the leaves , mesophyll cells (or chlorenchyma) are arranged in two layers- palisade layer
and spongy layer.

4. A number of plastids called chloroplasts are present in the mesophyll cells.

5. The minute numerous pores under the surface of leaves are called stomata which helps in
exchange of gases.

6. Each stoma is surrounded by two guard cells. During day time guard cells absorb water,
swell and bulge outwards, resulting in the opening of stomata. At night, the guard cells lose
water, resulting in the closing of stomata.

7. G.O Showing the different factors affecting Photosynthesis.

TEMPERATURERATUR
E
CARBON DIOXIDE

FACTORS

AFFECTING
LIGHT PHOTOSYNTHESIS
WATER
8. In the first stage of photosynthesis light energy is absorbed by chlorophyll in plant cells.
This light energy is then used to produce ATP and to split water into hydrogen and oxygen.
The splitting of water is referred to as photolysis.

9. Iodine is used to test the presence of starch which gives bluish black colour in the green
areas and remains brown in non-green areas of a Variegated leaf.

10. Respiration is the process of releasing energy by breaking down food (glucose) for life
activities.

11. A large amount of energy is stored in high energy molecules called Adenosine Tri
phosphate (ATP).

12. There are two types of respiration-aerobic respiration and anaerobic respiration.

13. Differentiate between Aerobic respiration and Anaerobic respiration.

Aerobic respiration Anaerobic respiration

It takes place in the presence of It takes place in the absence of 14. The
oxygen oxygen exchange of
gases occurs
It occurs both in cytoplasm and It occurs only in cytoplasm by stomata of
mitochondria leaves and
lenticels of
It involves complete breakdown of It involves incomplete breakdown older stems.
glucose molecule. of glucose molecule.
15. In desert
Carbon dioxide and water are the Ethyl alcohol and carbon dioxide plants, the
end products. are the end products. leaves are
More energy is released Less energy is released. modified into
spines and
Glucose+oxygen Carbon Glucose Ethyl alcohol+ the stems are
dioxide + water+ energy(38ATP) Carbon dioxide+ energy(2ATP) green, thick
and fleshy.
Give reason.

The leaves are modified into spines to reduce the rate of transpirationwhereas the stems are
green, thick and fleshy to carry out process of photosynthesis.

16. The leaves of some plants are dark red in colour and perform photosynthesis. Give
reason.

The dark pigment present in the leaves of some plants appear dark in colour and hide the
green colour of the chlorophyll, so they can prepare their own food.

JOHNSON GRAMMAR SCHOOL (I.C.S.E) 

MALLAPUR, HYDERABAD-7 
 WORKSHEET 
Class : 7                                 Ls-4  Photosynthesis and Respiration in
plants                              Subject: Biology 
           
Answer the following: 
1. Define Photosynthesis. 
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2. Plants support life on earth. Give reason. 
 
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3. Unavailability of adequate amount of water reduces the rate of photosynthesis. Give
reason. 
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4. Draw a flow chart showing photolysis of water. 
                                                                                                                      
 
 
 
 
 
5. Match the following and rewrite the correct pair: 
             Column A                            Column B 

  
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