YUNANI

PRESENT ACTIVE INDICATIVE

SINGULAR PLURAL
1st Person
S
-ω -ομεν +
2nd person -εις -ετε
3rd Person -ει -ουσι(ν)

V1 Atau S + TO BE + V.Ing Infinitive = -ειν

Example
 S + V1(s/es) S + tobe(
SINGULAR PLURAL
st
1 Person γινώσκω γινώσκομεν
I knows
I am knowing
2nd person γινώσκεις γινώσκετε

3rd Person Γινώσκει γινώσκουσι(ν)

DEFINITE ARTICLE (THE)

Masculine Feminine Neuter

Case
Singular Plural Singular Plural Singular Plural
NV ὁ οἱ ἡ αἱ τό τά
GA τοῦ τῶν τῆς τῶν τοῦ τῶν
DLI τῷ τοῖς τῇ ταῖς τῷ τοῖς

S + V1(s/es)
Acc τόν Τούς Τήν τάς
S + tobe(is/a
τό τά

Declension
1st Declension : Akhiran didominasi oleh α dan η
2nd Declension : Akhiran didominasi oleh ο dan ω
3rd Declension : Tidak beraturan

Case
Nominative : Subject
Genitive : Descriptive (of)
Ablative : Origin (from)
Dative : Indirect object (to)
Locative : Location (in)
Instrumental : Means, sarana, alat (with/by)
Accusative : Direct object
 Vocative : Direct address, panggilan (!)

AKHIRAN 1ST DECLENSION

Feminine Masculine

1st Class 2nd Class 3rd Class 4th Class 5th Class
Cas (stem ε, ι, (stem σ, λλ, (stem huruf (stem ε, ι, (stem huruf
e ρ) ζ, ξ, ψ) lain) ρ) lain)
Sin Sin Sin Sin Sin
Plu Plu Plu Plu Plu
g g g g g
NV α αι α Αι Η αι ας αι ης αι
GA ας ων ης Ων ης ων ου ων ου ων
DLI ᾳ αις ῃ Αις ῃ αις ᾳ αις ῃ αις
Acc αν ας αν Ας ην ας αν ας ην ας

Exsample :

- καρδίας : Noun, Gen.Sing.Fem

AKHIRAN 2ND DECLENSION

Case Masculine Neuter

 1st Class 2nd Class
Singular Plural Singular Plural
N Ος Οι ον α
GA Ου Ων ου ων
DLI ῳ Οις ῳ οις
Acc Ον Ους ον α
V Ε Οι ον α

Personal Pronouns

1st Person 2nd Person

Case
Singular Plural Singular Plural
ἐγώ ἡμεῖς σύ ὑμεις
Nominative
I we you you
μου (ἐμοῦ) ἡμῶν σου (σοῦ) ὑμῶν
Genitive
of me, my of us, our of you, your of you, your
μου (ἐμοῦ) ἡμῶν σου (σοῦ) ὑμῶν
Ablative
from me from us from you from you
μοι (ἐμοί) ἡμῖν σοι (σοί) ὑμῖν
Dative
to (for) me to (for) us to (for) you to (for) you
μοι (ἐμοί) ἡμῖν σοι (σοί) ὑμῖν
Locative
in me in us in you in you
μοι (ἐμοί) ἡμῖν σοι (σοί) ὑμῖν
Instrumental
by me by us by you by you
με (ἐμέ) ἡμᾶς σε (σέ) ὑμᾶς
Accusative
me us you you
rd
3 Person
Case Masculine Feminine Neuter
Singular Plural Singular Plural Singular Plural
αὐτός αὐτοί αὐτή αὐταί αὐτό αὐτά
N
he they she they it they
αὐτοῦ αὐτῶν αὐτῆς αὐτῶν αὐτοῦ αὐτῶν
G
of him, his of them, their of her, her of them, their of it, its of them, their
 αὐτοῦ αὐτῶν αὐτῆς αὐτῶν αὐτοῦ αὐτῶν
A
from him from them from her from them from it from them
αὐτῷ αὐτοῖς αὐτῇ αὐταῖς αὐτῷ αὐτοῖς
D
to (for) him to (for) them to (for) her to (for) them to (for) it to (for) them
αὐτῷ αὐτοῖς αὐτῇ αὐταῖς αὐτῷ αὐτοῖς
L
in him in them in her in them in it in them
αὐτῷ αὐτοῖς αὐτῇ αὐταῖς αὐτῷ αὐτοῖς
I
by him by them by her by them by it by them
αὐτόν αὐτούς αὐτήν αὐτάς αὐτό αὐτά
Acc
him them her them it them

Near Demonstrative

Case Masculine Feminine Neuter

Singular Plural Singular Plural Singular Plural
οὗτος οὗτοι αὗτη αὗται τοῦτο ταῦτα
N
this these this these this these
τούτου τούτων Ταύτης ταύτων τούτου τούτων
G
of this of these of this of these of this of these
τούτου τούτων Ταύτης ταύτων τούτου τούτων
A
from this from these from this from these from this from these
τούτῳ τούτοις ταύτῃ ταύταις τούτῳ τούτοις
D
to this to these to this to these to this to these
τούτῳ τούτοις ταύτῃ ταύταις τούτῳ τούτοις
L
in this in these in this in these in this in these
τούτῳ τούτοις ταύτῃ ταύταις τούτῳ τούτοις
I
by this by these by this by these by this by these
τοῦτον τούτους Ταύτην ταύτας τοῦτο ταῦτα
Acc
this these this these this these
Demonstrative Pronouns

Remote Demonstrative
Case Masculine Feminine Neuter
Singular Plural Singular Plural Singular Plural
ἐκεῖνος ἐκεῖνοι ἐκείνη ἐκεῖναι ἐκεῖνο ἐκεῖνα
N
that those that those that those
 ἐκείνου ἐκείνων ἐκείνης ἐκείνων ἐκείνου ἐκείνων
G
of that of those of that of those of that of those

ἐκείνου ἐκείνων ἐκείνης ἐκείνων ἐκείνου ἐκείνων

A
from that from those from that from those from that from those

ἐκείνῳ ἐκείνοις ἐκείνῃ ἐκείναις ἐκείνῳ ἐκείνοις

D
to that to those to that to those to that to those
ἐκείνῳ ἐκείνοις ἐκείνῃ ἐκείναις ἐκείνῳ ἐκείνοις
L
in that in those in that in those in that in those
ἐκείνῳ ἐκείνοις ἐκείνῃ ἐκείναις ἐκείνῳ ἐκείνοις
I
by that by those by that by those by that by those
ἐκεῖνον ἐκεῖνους ἐκείνην ἐκείνας ἐκεῖνο ἐκεῖνα
Acc
that those that those that those

Present Middle & Passive Indicative

Present Middle Indicative (PMI)

- Hasil kegiatan dirasakan oleh satu pelaku (single subject)
- Hasil kegiatan dirasakan oleh para pelaku (plural subjects)
Deponent : Bentuknya middle, tapi fungsinya aktif
Present Passive Indicative (PPI)
- Subjek dikenai kegiatan (by/ὑπο)
- Ada suatu perantara (through/διά)

SINGULAR PLURAL

1st PERSON -ομαι -ομεθα

2nd PERSON -ῃ -εσθε

3rd PERSON -εται -ονται

Infinitive = -εσθαι

PMI : Subject + To Be + V.ing/V.es/s + oneself

PPI : Subject + To Be + Being + V.ing
Example :

Imperfect Active Indicative

- Gambaran yang jelas tentang suatu kegiatan di masa lampau
- Kegiatan yang dilakukan berulang kali di masa lampau
 SINGULAR PLURAL

1st Person ε___ον ε___ομεν

2nd ε___ες ε___ετε

Person

3rd ε___ε(ν) ε___ον

Person Subject +
To Be
(was/were) + V.ing

Example:

Imperfect Middle & Passive Indicative

SINGULAR PLURAL

1st PERSON ε___ον ε___ομεν

2nd PERSON ε___ες ε___ετε

3rd PERSON ε___ε(ν) ε___ον

S + tobe(was/were) + Ving
 Imperfect Middle & Passive Indicative

SINGULAR PLURAL

1st PERSON ε___ομην ε___ομεθα

2nd PERSON ε___ου ε___εσθε

3rd PERSON ε___ετο ε___οντο

IMI : S + tobe (was/were) + Ving + oneself

IPI : S + tobe(was/were) + being + V3