z u e g a i nd e c r e a s e the heat is supplied

starts boiling again. at constant pressure, the

es and water only. When we heat the gas of the gas
volume of the gas apart from temperature
does some external
rises. When the gas expands, it
steamline So in this case, the
iclne water work for increasing the volume.
heat is supplied.
of the gas.
ICe steam
(a) to raise the temperature
for expansion.
b) to do the mechanical work
to increasee
As a result more amount of heat is required
the temperature of the gas through the same
temperature amount

tan be asily seen from the graph that as pressure when the pressure is kept constant. Hence Cp is always
Increases
the melting point of ice decreases. greater than the value of C.
&():In an
irreversible process, there always 43. (a)
loss of energy. This is because energy
CUS Some
the dissipative force is not44. (a): Second law of thermodynamics can be
working
sentin against explained with the help of example ofrefrigerator, as
mrovered back. Some ireversible processes occur in we know that in refrigerator, the working
substance
nature such as
friction where extra work is needed to
extracts heat from colder body and rejects a largge
in water
cancel the effect of friction. Salt dissolves amount of heat to a hotter body with the help of an
salt and
but a salt does not separate by itselfinto pure external agency i.e., the electric supply of the
pure water.
refrigerator. No refrigerator can ever work without
36. (a): In a perfectly reversible system, there is no extemal supply of electric energy to it.
l0ss of energy. Losses can be minimised, friction can
(c): An isolated system may have any process
ereduced, the resistance in L-C oscillating system45. isothermal, adiabatic. cyclic etc.
such as
Can also be negligible. But one cannot completely
46. (c): Assertion is true but reason is false. is
climinate energy losses, which will makes a perfectly
TEversible system, an ideal one. In an adiabatic process, no exchange of heat
permissible i.e., dQ 0. =

37. (a): Adiabatic expansion produces cooling. dl= - dw

As, do= dU + dW=0
8. b): In an isolated system the entropy increases 47.
(a): In adiabatic process, no heat transfer takes
accordance with the second law of place between gas and surrounding i.e. AQ=0

ermodynamics.
From definition of specific heat,C==mAT =0

(a): Efficiency n=1-=1-2 Again, for isothermal process, AT= 0

b ) : Assertion is true. Due to cooling of milk, C =

disorder lecreases. Hence entropy decreases. Reason mAT