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Mathematics
Quarter 1 – Module 3:
Illustrating Rational
Algebraic Expressions

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Mathematics – Grade 8
Self-Learning Module (SLM)
Quarter 1 – Module 3: Illustrating Rational Algebraic Expressions
First Edition, 2020

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Writers: John Rey P. Taberna, Ly Harvey A. Campos
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 8
Mathematics
Quarter 1 – Module 3:
Illustrating Rational
Algebraic Expressions

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Introductory Message
For the facilitator:
Welcome to the Mathematics 8 Self-Learning Module (SLM) on
Illustrating Rational Algebraic Expressions!
This module was collaboratively designed, developed and reviewed
by educators both from public and private institutions to assist
you, the teacher or facilitator in helping the learners meet the
standards set by the K to 12 Curriculum while overcoming their
personal, social, and economic constraints in schooling.
This learning resource hopes to engage the learners into guided
and independent learning activities at their own pace and time.
Furthermore, this also aims to help learners acquire the needed
21st century skills while taking into consideration their needs and
circumstances.
In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in
the body of the module:

Notes to the Teacher

This contains helpful tips or strategies
that will help you in guiding the learners.

As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use

this module. You also need to keep track of the learners' progress
while allowing them to manage their own learning. Furthermore,
you are expected to encourage and assist the learners as they
do the tasks included in the module.

4
For the learner:

Welcome to the Mathematics 8 Self-Learning Module (SLM) on Illustrating Rational

Algebraic Expressions!

The hand is one of the most symbolized part of the human body. It is often
used to depict skill, action and purpose. Through our hands we may learn,
create and accomplish. Hence, the hand in this learning resource signifies that
you as a learner is capable and empowered to successfully achieve
the relevant competencies and skills at your own pace and time. Your academic
success lies in your own hands!

This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful
opportunities for guided and independent learning at your own pace and
time. You will be enabled to process the contents of the learning resource
while being an active learner.

This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

What I Need to Know This will give you an idea of the skills
or competencies you are expected to learn in
the module.

What I Know This part includes an activity that aims

to check what you already know about
the lesson to take. If you get all the
answers correct (100%), you may decide to
skip this module.

What’s In This is a brief drill or review to help you

link the current lesson with the previous one.
In this portion, the new lesson will
What’s New
be introduced to you in various ways such
as a story, a song, a poem, a problem
opener, an activity or a situation.

What is It This section provides a brief discussion of the

lesson. This aims to help you discover
and understand new concepts and skills.
This comprises activities for
What’s More
independent practice to solidify your
understanding and skills of the topic. You
may check the answers to the exercises
using the Answer Key at the end of the
module.
What I Have Learned This includes questions or
blank sentence/paragraph to be filled in to
process what you learned from the lesson.
What I Can Do This section provides an activity which
will help you transfer your new knowledge or
skill into real life situations or concerns.
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 Assessment This is a task which aims to evaluate
your level of mastery in achieving the
learning competency.
In this portion, another activity will be
Additional
Activities given to you to enrich your knowledge or
skill of the lesson learned. This also tends
retention of learned concepts.
Answer Key This contains answers to all activities in
the module.

At the end of this module you will also

find:

References This is a list of all sources used in

developing this module.

The following are some reminders in using this module:

1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on

any part of the module. Use a separate sheet of paper in
answering the exercises.
2. Don’t forget to answer What I Know before moving on to the
other activities included in the module.
3. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking
your answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are
through with it.

If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in

this module, do not hesitate to consult your teacher or
facilitator. Always bear in mind that you are not alone.
We hope that through this material, you will experience
meaningful learning and gain deep understanding of the relevant
competencies. You can do it!
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 What I Need to Know

This module was designed and written to help you

master how to illustrate rational algebraic expressions.
The scope of this module permits it to be used in many
different learning situations. The language used
recognizes the diverse vocabulary level of learners.
The lessons are arranged to follow the standard
sequence of the course. But the order in which you read
them can be changed to correspond with the textbook you
are now using. After going through this module, you are
expected to:

In this module, you will be able to:

• illustrate rational algebraic
expressions. M8AL-Ic-1

Specifically, you are expected to:

1. illustrate rational algebraic expressions; and

2. differentiate rational algebraic expressions from
non-rational algebraic expressions.

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 What I Know

Before we start our lesson, let me know about your prior

knowledge on illustrating rational algebraic expressions.
Direction: Encircle the letter of the correct answer.
1. What expression contains operations, numbers, and one or more
variables?
a. Basic Expressions
b. Numerical Phrases
c. Algebraic Expressions
d. Operational Coefficients
2. What is the constant in the expression 4x2 – 2x + 5?
a. 4
b. 2
c. 1
d. 5
3. How many terms are there in the expression 3x + 1?
a. 1
b. 2
c. 3
d. 4
4. What are the operations used in the expression 2x + y – 1?
a. + only
b. – only
c. Both + and –
d. Neither + nor –
5. What are the literal coefficients in the expression 2x + y + 3z?
a. x and y
b. x and z
c. y and z
d. x, y and z
6. What expression refers to the ratio of both polynomial
numerator and denominator?
a. Algebraic Expressions
b. Basic Rational Expressions
c. Rational Numerical Phrases
d. Rational Algebraic Expressions
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 ? 𝑃(𝑥)
7. What is the excluded value of the rational function,
𝑄(𝑥)
a. Q(x) ≠ 0
b. Q(x) = 0
c. Q(x) ≥ 0
d. Q(x) ≤ 0
8. Which of the following is an algebraic expression?
a. 3x + 2y = 2
b. x + 1
c. 3 + 4 = 7
d. 4 + 2

9. What is the name of a term with no variable in an algebraic

expression?
a. Coefficient
b. Variable
c. Constant
d. Factor

10. What do you call of the numerical factor of a term that contains
a variable?
a. Coefficient
b. Term
c. Constant
d. Factor

11. Why is it important to know the excluded value/s of a

rational algebraic expression?
a. To prevent the expression to become define
b. To prevent the expression to become 1
c. To prevent the expression to become undefined
d. To prevent the expression to become greater than or equal
to zero.
12. Which of the following expressions is a rational algebraic
expression?
𝑥
a.
√3𝑦
3𝐶-3
b. √(𝑎+1)0
c. 4𝑦2 + 𝑧 −3
d. 𝑎-𝑏
𝑎+𝑏 9
13. Which of the following expressions is NOT a rational algebraic
expression?
𝑥+𝑦
a.
𝑥−𝑦

b. 𝑦2+1
𝑥𝑦−3

c. 𝑥
√25𝑦2
𝑎+𝑏+𝑐
d. 𝑎−𝑏+𝑐

14. Identify the terms in the expression, 2x2 + x + 1.

a. 2, x, and 1
b. 2, 1, and 1
c. 2x2, x, and 1
d. x2, x, and 1

15. Which of the following expressions could be considered as

rational algebraic expression?
a. √50𝑥
b. 5𝑥1/2
c. 4𝑦2 − 9𝑧−2
d. 𝑏−𝑎
𝑏+𝑎

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Lesson Illustrating Rational
3 Algebraic Expressions
It is a good day to start this module. This module will help
you illustrate rational algebraic expressions. Moreover, this will
focus on illustrating rational algebraic expressions, and
differentiating rational algebraic expressions from non-rational
algebraic expressions.

What’s In

Before the discussion of the new topic, let us review first

your knowledge about the following: translating the verbal
phrases to mathematical phrases, the laws of exponents,
and identifying polynomials from non-polynomials.

Activity 1. Let us Match

A. Match the symbol with their correct implications.

Symbol Implication of Mathematical Symbols
______ 1. ( ) a. ratio of, the quotient of, divided by
______ 2. / b. equals, is equal to
______ 3. + c. the sum of, more than, increased by,
______ 4.- d. multiplied by, times
______ 5. = e. less than, decreased by, subtracted from,
the difference
B. Match the laws exponents with appropriate expressions.

Laws of exponent Rule

______1. Product Rule a. (ax)y = ax∙y
______2. Quotient Rule b. ax / ay = ax-y
______3. Power Rule c. ax ∙ ay = ax+y
______4. Inverse Rule d. a0 = 1
______5. Zero Exponent e. a-1 = 1/a
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C. Match the name of polynomials with appropriate expressions.

Names of Polynomial Expression

______1. Binomial a. 2x
______2. Monomial b. 2x + 1
______3. Polynomial c. 2x2+2x+1
______4. Trinomial d. 2x3+2x2+2x+1
What are Non-polynomials?
1
1. √𝑥 or 𝑥 2 , a variable that has a rational power is not a polynomial.
2. 1 , a variable found in the denominator is not a polynomial.
𝑥
3. 𝑥−1, a variable with a negative power is also not a polynomial.

What’s New

Good Job! We are done with our review. Let’s go to our new topic
the Rational Algebraic Expression. First, let us discuss what an
algebraic expression is.
Activity 2. Can You Break It Down?
Directions: Identify the terms, numerical coefficient/s, literal
coefficients and constant of the following algebraic expression
below.
Algebraic Terms Numerical Literal Constants
Expressions Coefficients Coefficients

Ex. 3b2 + 2c -5 3b2, 2c and -5 3 and 2 b2 and c -5

1. 4x + 2

2. 3c2 + 5x

3. 5b + 5

4. 3a2 + 2b2 + 1

5. 3r3 + 7s2
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 What is It

A Algebraic Expression is an expression that contains

operations, numbers, and one or more variables.

Example 1: 5x – 2
In the above example, we can determine the parts of an
algebraic expression.
5x and 2 are the two terms in the expression.
5 is the numerical coefficient or the numerical value
of the term 5x.
x is the literal coefficient or variable written using a letter.
- is the operation used.
- 2 is the constant or a term with no variable.

Example 2: 6y3 + 2z - 5
We can also easily identify the parts of the algebraic expression
in the above example.
6y3, 2z, and -5 are the three terms in the expression.
6, 2 , and - 5 are numerical coefficients.
y, z are the literal coefficients.
- 5 is the constant.
In this section, you will answer the activity 1 to apply your
knowledge in identifying parts of algebraic expressions.

A Rational algebraic expression is an expression containing

a numerator and denominator that are both polynomials. It is
an expression of P(x) and Q(x) in the form of
𝑃(𝑥)
, where Q(x) ≠ 0.
𝑄(𝑥)
numerator
Example,
𝑃(𝑥) 𝑥2+3𝑥+2
𝑄(𝑥) 𝑥2−1 denominator

where 𝑥 ≠ 1 and − 1.
You have learned in the past lesson about polynomials that if there
is a radical sign and a negative exponent, then the expression is not
an algebraic expression.
Example:
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 2√𝑥 the numerator has a radical sign ( ),so, this is
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not a rational algebraic expression.
Except: √4 , √9 , √16 or any number that has a square root.

𝑥−5+2 the numerator and also the denominator has a

𝑦−2 negative exponent, so, this is not a rational
algebraic expression

After this, try your ability to know if the expressions are

rational or not.

What’s More

Activity 3. Can You Recognize Me?

Direction: Identify which of the following are rational algebraic

expressions and which are not. Write R if it is a rational
algebraic expression and N if it is a non- rational algebraic
expression.
𝑘
_____1.
𝑚2+3𝑘
𝑥+2
_____2.
𝑥−2

3𝑥
_____3.
𝑥2+𝑥
2
_____4.
𝑚−5

𝑏
_____5.
√2𝑥

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 What I Have Learned

To summarize what you have learned. Fill in

the blank with the appropriate words.

In a rational algebraic, expression, the numerator and

denominator should both be ________. Furthermore, the
numerator with a variable inside radical sign ( ) is ___ a rational
algebraic expression. Moreover, the numerator and the
denominator with a _______ or ______ exponent, so, this is
not a rational algebraic expression.

What I Can Do

This activity will apply your knowledge on illustrating

rational algebraic expression in real-life situation.

Activity 4. Can you help John?

John has given a task to determine if the given
expression is a rational algebraic expression or not. Write
H if it is a rational algebraic expression and A if it is a non-
rational algebraic expression.
3𝑎𝑏𝑐
_____1. 64𝑟 _____4. −5
𝑚
𝑚3+5𝑛−17𝑜
−2 25𝑚𝑛
_____2. 3𝑒𝑥 _____5.
𝑓𝑥2+𝑔𝑥 2
𝑦+𝑟+7
_____3. _____6. 3𝑎𝑏𝑐
𝑦−𝑠−9 √𝑎𝑏𝑐𝑑𝑤 𝑥 𝑦𝑧

I hope that the pattern of the answers makes you laugh.

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 Assessment

Good Job! Let us test what you have learned from the very start
of our lesson. Now, I want you to read carefully and answer the
questions below. Direction: Encircle the letter of the correct answer.
1. How many terms are there in the expression 5x + 4?
a. 1
b. 2
c. 3
d. 4
2. What are the literal coefficients in the expression 5x + 3y +2z?
a. x and y
b. x and z
c. y and z
d. x, y and z
3. What are the operations used in the expression 5x + 8y – 9?
a. + only
b. – only
c. Both + and –
d. Neither + nor –
4. What is the constant in the expression 5x2 – 3x + 9?
a. 2
b. 3
c. 5
d. 9
5. What expression contains operations, numbers, and one or more
variables?
a. Basic Expressions
b. Numerical Phrases
c. Algebraic Expressions
d. Operational Coefficients
6. What expression refers to the ratio of both polynomial
numerator and denominator?
a. Algebraic Expression
b. Basic Rational Expression
c. Rational Numerical Phrase
d. Rational Algebraic Expression
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 7. Why is it important to know the excluded value/s of a rational
algebraic expression?
a. Can determined the values that can make the denominator
equal to one
b. Can determined the values that can make the denominator
equal to zero
c. Can determined the values that can make the denominator
equal to positive numbers
d. Can determined the values that can make the denominator
equal to negative numbers
𝑃(𝑥)
8. What is the excluded value of the rational function, 𝑄(𝑥) ?

a. Q(x) ≠0
b. Q(x) =0
c. Q(x) ≥0
d. Q(x) ≤0
9. Which of the following is an algebraic expression?
a. 5x2 + 4y = 8
b. 2x + 4
c. 4 + 5 = 9
d. 7 + 2
10. What is the name of a term with no variable in an algebraic
expression?
a. Coefficient
b. Variable
c. Constant
d. Factor
11. What do you call that number before variable in a term?
a. Numerical coefficient
b. Term
c. Constant
d. Literal coefficient
12. What are the terms in the expression, 4x2 + 2x + 3?
a. 4, x2, and 3
b. 4, 2, and 3
c. 4x2, 2x, and 3
d. 4x2, x, and 3
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 13. Which of the following expressions is NOT a rational algebraic
expression?
2𝑥+𝑦
a.
𝑥−2𝑦

b. 𝑦+12
4𝑥𝑦−3
5𝑥
c.
√25𝑦2
2𝑎+𝑏+𝑐
d.
𝑎−𝑏+2𝑐

14. Which of the following expressions could be considered as

rational algebraic expression?

a. √110𝑥
1
b. 5𝑥 2
c. 4𝑦2 − 9𝑧−2
d. 2𝑏−𝑎
𝑏+2𝑎

15. Which of the following expressions is a rational algebraic expression?

3𝑥

a.

√3𝑦

3𝐶−3
b.
√(𝑎+1)0

c. 4𝑦2 + 𝑧−3
d. 4𝑎−𝑏+𝑐
𝑎+𝑏

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 Additional Activities

Activity 3. Can you differentiate?

Identify which of the following are rational algebraic

expression and which are not. Write Y if it is a rational
algebraic expression and N if it is a non- rational
algebraic expression.

_____1. 6𝑝
𝑚4+5𝑛
3𝑦+6
_____2.
3𝑦−8

_____3. 4𝑥−8
𝑥4+𝑥

_____4. 50𝑥𝑦
𝑥−5
5𝑎𝑏𝑐
_____5. √5𝑎

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Assessment
What’s Additional
What’s What I
1. B Activities
In More Can Do
A. 2. D
1.d 1. R 1. H 3. C
2.a 2. R 2. A 4. D
1. Y
3.c 3. R 3. H 5. C 2. Y
4.e 4. N 4. A 6. D 3. N
5.b 5. N 5. H 7. B 4. N
6. A 8. A 5. N
B. 9. A
1. c 10. C
2. b 11. A
3. a 12. C
4. e 13. B
5. d 14. D
15. D
C.
1. b
2. a
3. d
4. c
Answer Key
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K to 10 Grade 8 Math Teachers Guide pp. 82-86
K to 10 Grade 8 Math Teachers Guide pp. 60-63
References
What New
What I numerical literal
Algebraic coefficients coefficients
Know constants
Expressions terms
1. C
Ex. 3b2 + 2c 3b2 3 and 2 b2 and c -3
2. D -3 and 2c
3. B
4. C 4x
1. 4x + 2 and 2 4 x 2
5. D
6. D 3c2
7. A 3 and None
and 5 c2 and x
8. B
9. C 1. 3c2 + 5x 5x
10. A 5b 5
11. C b 5
2. 5b + 5 and 5
12. D
13. B 3. 3a2 + 3a2 ,
3 and a2 and
14. B 2b2, 1
2b2 + 1 2 b2
15. C and 1
16. D
3r3 3 and r3 and none
4. 3r3 + s2 and s2 1 s2
 DISCLAIMER

This Self-Learning Module (SLM) was

developed by DepEd SOCCSKSARGEN with
the primary objective of preparing for
and addressing the new normal. Contents of
this module were based on DepEd’s
Most Essential Learning Competencies
(MELC). This is a supplementary material to be
used by all learners of Region XII in all
public schools beginning SY 2020-2021.
The process of LR development was
observed in the production of this
module. This is version 1.0. We
highly encourage feedback, comments, and
recommendations.

For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:

Department of Education – SOCCSKSARGEN
Learning Resource Management System (LRMS)
Regional Center, Brgy. Carpenter Hill, City of Koronadal
Telefax No.: (083) 2288825/ (083) 2281893
Email Address: region12@deped.gov.ph

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