Practical 1

Introduction to Wiring Accessories

1. Residential Wiring:

Rating of accessories: 220 V, 5/15/30 A and not more than 1000 W

A) Casing and Capping Wiring
i) Casing and capping

ii) Joints
 iii) switches:

We can ON and OFF an electrical supply with the help of a switch, which makes it one of the
most common and important electrical accessories.
When the switch connected to such a circuit is switched off, a gap is created in the circuit that
hinders electrons from flowing. Conversely, when the switch is turned on, the gap is closed,
allowing electrons to move about and make the device work.

1 gang switch

2 gang switch

4 gang

7 Gang+ 2 pin socket

 iv) Power Socket

Sockets allow plugging in of appliances to attach them to the electric grid and provide power for
them to run. They allow electrically operated equipment to be connected to the primary
alternating current power supply in a building. These sockets differ in voltage and current rating,
and shape, size, and type of connectors. Sockets used in every country are set on the country’s
individual national standards. To derive power from the socket into the appliance, plugs are
used to be inserted into the socket, while being connected at the other end to the appliance.

V) Lamp holders

As the name itself indicates, a lamp holder is used to hold the lamp. It is a device designed to
connect a lamp to an electric circuit supply terminals, and support it mechanically. Depending
upon the requirements and how they need to be used, lamp holders are manufactured in
different designs. These include batten, angle, pendant, swivel, and bracket lamp holder.

v) Ceiling Rose
 vi) Junction Box

vii) Distribution Board

A distribution board divides an electrical power feed into subsidiary circuits, while providing a
protective fuse or circuit breaker for each circuit, in a common enclosure. Normally, a main
switch, and in recent boards, one or more Residual-current devices or Residual Current
Breakers with Overcurrent protection, will also be incorporated.

viii) PVC Cables (Wires)

Red for Phase 1

Yellow for Phase 2
Blue for Phase 3
Black for Neutral
Green for Earth
 ix) MCB

A circuit breaker is an automatically operated electrical switch that can protect an electrical
circuit from damage of over-current, by disconnecting the circuit supply. Its basic function is to
interrupt the flow of current after a fault is detected or when the current drawn from the circuit
increases to a pre-determined value. It has the same function of a fuse, with the difference that
a fuse needs to be replaces, while a circuit breaker can be simply reset by lifting the operational
knob to resume normal operation.

SP- Single Pole MCB

DP-Double Pole MCB

Construction and Working of MCB

 x) Main Switch:

This is the main on/off switch that controls the main supply that is responsible for the entire
home’s power supply. In a single-phase circuit, Iron Clad Double Pole (ICDP) main switch is
used; and in a three-phase circuit, Iron Clad Triple Pole (ICTP) main switch is used to control
the power supply.

xi) Fuse

Fuse in an electrical safety device that is designed to provide protection from excessive current
in an electrical circuit. It contains a metal wire or strip that melts down when too much current
flows through it, thus interrupting the flow of current. The fuse wire can be made of lead, tin,
copper, silver, or aluminum.