Buck-Boost Converter Project

Submitted By:
Balingway, Reagan
Capalungan, N-jay
Marquez, Ezekiel
Tagayuna, Justine Karl
Gatan, Athena Daye

Submitted To:
Engr. Ricky James Allam

Executive Summary
 Electrical power is produced by the speed at which electrons travel. The modern technological era
means that many devices need electricity to do certain functions. The ability to regulate electrical power
is expensive. In today's society, the bottom line, or cost, is constantly there. Power supply refers to
devices that are able to control electrical power to use in a range of applications. Although power
supplies can be pricey, there are less expensive options that function just as effectively. A power supply
needs to have conversion mechanisms built in and be trustworthy enough to shield the linked devices
from harm. These two qualities require specific components organized in specific orientations in order
to generate those exact outputs. This document contains several tips on building a low-cost, reliable
power supply.

Introduction
Power is utilized in daily life. Since Nikola Tesla and others developed the basic theories of power, which
were eventually integrated into the modern power system, people have been drawn to power. People
need power to run their computers, automobiles, homes, and other devices. The ability to manipulate
power is crucial in today's world. Power is defined as (Voltage)*(Current); AC and DC currents are the
two forms of current that are included in this equation. Every circuit designed in the modern day needs
power to function. DC is the foundation of most circuit designs found in everyday objects. Lack of power
would prevent a circuit from serving its intended purpose.

Background
There are instances in which the electricity entering the house travels hundreds of miles. Throughout
the operation, AC current is used in this. Alternating current, or AC, has different phases depending on
what it is used for. These phases result from the initial power generator's physical offset. The opposite
of AC is DC, also referred to as direct current. Circuits are subjected to a constant current produced by
DC; the current does not alternate. Circuit design relies heavily on DC because many components
behave adversely when AC is added. AC refers to the current that is supplied to a normal household wall
socket. Every day, a wide variety of gadgets are plugged into and used with wall outlets; yet, for the
most part, these devices need DC to operate. Placing a plug into a wall socket causes a conversion from
AC to DC.

Objective
To provide a DC power source that is dependable, cost-effective, and efficient. A basic structure exists
that can be adjusted to suit different needs. For this supply to be versatile and utilized in a range of
items, it must be as small as possible.
 EQUIPMENTS USED

IC NE555
The 555 timer IC is a versatile integrated circuit commonly used in electronics for generating accurate
time delays, pulse-width modulation, oscillation, and other timing functions. It can be configured in
various modes, such as astable, monostable, and bistable, making it widely employed in applications like
timers, pulse generators, and tone generators in electronic circuits

20K Ohm Potentiometer

A 20k ohm potentiometer, or pot, is an adjustable resistor with a resistance of 20,000 ohms. Its main
function is to vary the resistance in an electric circuit. When used, it allows you to adjust the voltage or
current in a specific part of the circuit by turning a knob or dial, providing variable control.

220uF Capacitor
A 220uF capacitor is commonly used in electronic circuits for smoothing or filtering purposes. Its main
function is to stabilize and filter voltage. In power supply circuits, it helps reduce ripples by storing and
releasing electrical energy, resulting in a more stable and continuous voltage output.
 A 1k ohm resistor, is often used in electronic circuits to limit current or divide voltage. Its function
depends on the specific context in which it is employed. Common applications include current limiting to
protect components, voltage division for signal scaling, or as part of various circuits to set bias points or
reference voltages. The resistor value is chosen based on the desired level of resistance in a circuit,
providing control over current flow and voltage levels.

An inductor with a value of 240 microhenries (uH) and a current of 431 amperes typically serves as a
component in electronic circuits to store energy in its magnetic field. Its function includes smoothing
and filtering signals, energy storage, and influencing the behavior of electrical circuits, especially in
applications like power supplies and radio frequency circuits. The inductor's performance is influenced
by its inductance value and the current flowing through it.

The IRFZ44N is a popular N-channel power MOSFET (Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect

Transistor). Its function in electronic circuits involves controlling the flow of electrical current. MOSFETs
like the IRFZ44N are commonly used as electronic switches or amplifiers. In switching applications, they
can be used to turn on or off high-power devices like motors or LED arrays. In amplification, MOSFETs
can be used to amplify weak signals. The IRFZ44N is known for its ability to handle relatively high
currents and voltages, making it suitable for various power applications in electronics.
The 1N4007 is a standard rectifier diode. Its primary function is to allow current to flow in one direction
while blocking it in the opposite direction. This makes it suitable for rectification purposes in electronic
circuits, converting alternating current (AC) into direct current (DC). In simple terms, the 1N4007 diode
permits the positive half-cycle of an AC waveform to pass through while blocking the negative half-cycle.

A PCB (Printed Circuit Board) serves as a platform for electronic components, providing mechanical
support and electrical connections.

the 100nF Mylar capacitor serves multiple functions, ranging from energy storage to signal conditioning
and timing in electronic circuits. The specific application depends on the circuit design and
requirements.

heat sinks play a crucial role in preventing overheating and ensuring the reliable and efficient operation
of electronic components, contributing to the overall performance and longevity of electronic devices.
ACTUAL DESIGN
In bread board

In PCB
SIMULATION
DOCUMENTATION
 CONCLUSION

In this project, we discovered a consistent disparity between actual and simulated outcomes.
Specifically, when applying a constant input of 6 volts, the simulated output voltage ranged from 2 to
12.5 volts, while the actual output voltage exhibited a variation from 3.06 to 11.49 volts. Engaging in a
process of trial and error, we developed three circuit diagrams based on internet sources, with only one
proving to be functional. Our total expenses for electronic components, jumpers, PCB, magnetic wire,
etc., amounted to 708 pesos. Additionally, certain components were repurposed from the old
motherboard of a non-functional TV.

Throughout the project, we operated without a designated leader, yet effectively distributed tasks
among team members. Responsibilities encompassed mathematical calculations, marketing efforts,
simulation work, report writing, and project assembly. This experience provided us with valuable
insights, particularly in the realms of budgeting and time management challenges.