1.2 LABSHEET1 - DC Part 2

TECHNICAL AND VOCATIONAL EDUCATION
FACULTY
ENGINEERING EDUCATION DEPARTMENT

(JPK)
COURSE CODE BBV 30203
NAME OF COURSE ELECTRICAL MACHINE
DC MACHINES PART 2
i. DC shunt-wound motors
TITLE OF
EXPERIMENT ii. DC series-wound motors
EXPERIMENT NO. 01 part 2

EEM2 DC machines
DC shunt-wound motors
Over the next few pages you will perform the following exercises
pertaining to "DC shunt-wound motors":
Connection and starting

Reversing rotation direction
Speed control
Load characteristics
7
EEM2 DC machines
8
EEM2 DC machines
Training content: "Connection and starting"

Identify the terminal connections of the motor and operate the
motor as a shunt-wound motor
Read the nominal data of the motor based on the rating plate
Connect the motor to the starter
Be familiar with how the starter works
Operate the motor with the brake
Subject the motor to a load
Measure armature voltage and current
Enter the nominal data for the DC machine

UA= ____V
IA= ____A
UE= ____V
IE= ____mA
n= ____rpm
Match the winding designations to the windings

A1/A2 __
B1/B2 __
C1/C2 __
E1/E2 __
D1/D2 __
F1/F2 __
9
EEM2 DC machines
Assembly instructions: "Connection and starting"
Assemble the circuits as specified in the following circuit diagram and

set-up instructions
Include an ammeter and voltmeter in the armature circuit
Switch on the brake too. This does not yet subject the motor to any
load
Note: setting of the DC power supply can only be performed when the motor is
connected.
More detailed information on the brake can be found in the corresponding online
documentation
Circuit diagram for DC shunt-wound motor

"Connection and starting"
10
EEM2 DC machines
Set-up for DC shunt-wound motor

"Connection and starting"
Put the shunt-wound motor into operation
Required settings:
Starter: minimum value (0 )

DC power supply unit: 220V
Experiment procedure:
Put the motor into operation and observe its operating response
11
EEM2 DC machines
The motor demonstrates the following response:
The motor rotates at a higher speed than the nominal

speed
The rotation direction is clockwise
The rotation direction is anti-clockwise More than one
answer may
The switch-on current is higher than the nominal be correct
current
The motor rotates at nominal speed
The current increases with increasing speed
Measure the armature current
Required settings:
Brake mode: "Torque Control"
Apply the brake to slow the motor down to nominal speed

In the process of braking measure the armature current
Make sure that the brake is not applied so hard that the motor comes to a halt
What is the magnitude of the armature current?
The armature current corresponds approximately to

the nominal current
The armature current is considerably higher than the
nominal current
The armature current is considerably smaller than
the nominal current
12
EEM2 DC machines
Record a load characteristic
Required settings:
Starter: maximum value ( Note: 0.3 KW class ~ 47 ; 1 KW class ~ 16 )
The motor should be subjected to the torque loads as set forth in the table
Measure the armature current and armature voltage under load
Enter the measured values into the table
M/Nm n/(1/min) I/A U/V

0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1.2
1.4
13
EEM2 DC machines
Which of the following statements apply to the load characteristic?
The armature voltage is considerably reduced when

the torque is increased
The armature current increases linearly with the
torque
The speed severely drops off once the nominal More than one
torque is reached answer may
be correct
The armature voltage remains practically constant
The speed remains practically constant (± 3%) in the
range of the nominal torque
The speed increases at higher torques
What is the function of the starter?
The starter is primarily used for speed control

The starter restricts the switch-on current
The starter protects the motor from overload during
standard operation
14
EEM2 DC machines
Training content: "Rotation reversal"

Identify the difference between clockwise and anti-clockwise
rotation
Put the motor into operation in both rotation directions
Definition of rotation direction

If you look at the drive shaft end of the DC shunt-wound machine from the
perspective of the working machine (in our case the brake), the rotating direction is
positive when it is clockwise. If the motor has two workable shaft ends, then it is the
shaft end opposite the cooling vents, collector or slip-rings that is the shaft end
which defines the rotation direction.
Note: in the "Classic series" (0.3 kW & 1.0 kW) the rotation direction is
determined by the rotation direction of the brake, i.e. if the asynchronous machine
rotates clockwise, i.e. in the positive direction, the control unit of the brake indicates
a negative rotation direction. Thus the rotation direction displayed is always that of
the brake.
15
EEM2 DC machines
Assembly instructions: "Rotation Reversal"
Assemble the circuit as specified in the following circuit diagram and set-
up instructions.
Include an ammeter and voltmeter in the the armature circuit.
Switch on the brake. This does not yet subject the motor to any load.

"Rotation Reversal"
16
EEM2 DC machines

"Rotation Reversal"
Rotation reversal
Required settings:
Starter: minimum value (0 )

DC power supply: 220V
Switch on the motor and observe how it responds
Note: setting of the DC power supply can only be performed when the motor is
connected.
17
EEM2 DC machines
What is the motor's direction of rotation?
The motor rotates clockwise

The motor rotates anti-clockwise
Switch the motor off and modify the circuit as shown by changing the polarity
of the exciter coil
Turn the motor back on and observe its response

"Rotation reversal" (reversed rotation direction)
What is the motor's direction of rotation now?
The motor rotates clockwise

The motor rotates anti-clockwise
18
EEM2 DC machines
Training content: "Speed Control"

Put the DC motor into operation using the field regulator
Investigate speed control by modifying the armature current power
Investigate operation in the field weakening range
Assembly instructions: "Speed Control"
Assemble the circuits as specified in the circuit diagram and set-up

instructions below.
Include an ammeter and voltmeter in the armature circuit .
Include an ammeter in the exciter circuit.
Switch on the brake. This does not yet subject the motor to any load.
Note: setting of the DC power supply unit can only be performed when the motor
is connected.
More detailed information on the brake can be found in the corresponding online
documentation

"Speed control"
19
EEM2 DC machines

"Speed control"
20
EEM2 DC machines
Record characteristics "Ia and "n" as a function of "Ua
Required settings:
DC power supply 220V

Field regulator: minimum value (0 )
Reduce the armature voltage in 3 stages via the adjustable DC power supply
(220/190/160V)
At the same time measure the variables Iaand n and enter the measured
values into the table
Ua/V n/(1/min) Ia/A

220
190
160
21
EEM2 DC machines
Record the characteristic of n" as a function of "M" using the

"ActiveDrive/DCMA" software
Required setting:
Brake:
Industrial series: "PC Mode"
Classic series: "Application Mode" ( Note: when starting the
"ActiveASMA" software you will be prompted to select "Application
mode")
Adjustable DC power supply unit (armature voltage): 220/190/160V
DC power supply unit (exciter circuit voltage): 220V
Start the "ActiveDrive/DCMA" software

The motor should be subjected to a load equivalent to its nominal torque
Label the diagram as given in the placeholder
Record a total of three load characteristics for the three specified armature
circuit voltages
After completing the measurement export the completed diagram with all three
characteristics and copy it into the appropriate space below
Compute the nominal torque of the motor as given by the following equation:
22
EEM2 DC machines
Placeholder for characteristics n (M), Ua=220/190/160V
Record the characteristics of "If" and "n" as a function of Rf
Required settings:

DC power supply unit: (armature & exciter circuit) 220V
23
EEM2 DC machines
Switch on the DC power supply

Vary the Rf value of the field regulator in 3 steps, 0%, 50% and 90% of the
maximum value ( Note: 0.3 kW class ~ 2.2 k ; 1kW class ~ 680 )
At the same time measure the respective variables If and n for each step and
enter the measured values into the table
Rf/ n/(1/min) If/mA
24
EEM2 DC machines
Record the characteristic "n" as a function of "M" using the

Required setting:
Brake:
mode")

The motor should be subjected to a load up to its nominal torque
Label the diagram as appropriate in the placeholder below
Record three characteristics are recorded in sequence for 3 different field
regulator values (Rf), one each at 0%, 50% and 90% of the maximum setting
( Note: 0.3 kW class ~ 2,2 k ; 1 kW class ~ 680 )
After completing the measurement export the graph with all 3 characteristics
and copy it into the placeholder below
Placeholder for characteristics n (M), Rf = 0%/50%/90% of the maximum setting
25
EEM2 DC machines
Which statements are true of the speed variation?
A reduction of the armature voltage leads to a drop in

speed
A reduction of the exciter current leads to a drop in
speed More than one
answer may
An increase of the armature voltage leads to a drop be correct
in speed
A decrease of exciter current leads to an increase in
speed
26
EEM2 DC machines
Training content: "Load characteristic"

Record the motor's load characteristic
Calculate the nominal torque
Determine the highest degree of efficiency
Recognise how the motor responds to loads
Setup diagram: "Load Characteristic"
Assemble the circuit as specified in the following circuit diagram and set-
up instructions
Include an ammeter and voltmeter in the armature/exciter circuit
Switch the brake on too. This does not yet subject the motor to any load
Note: setting of the DC power supply can only be carried out when the motor is
connected
More detailed information on the brake and the software used can be found in the
appropriate online documentation

"Load characteristic"
27
EEM2 DC machines

"Load characteristic"
28
EEM2 DC machines
Record the motor's load characteristics with the aid of the

Required setting:
Brake:
mode")

The motor should be subjected to a load up to 1.5 times its nominal torque
Label the diagram as given in the placeholder
The following parameters should be recorded: The degree of efficiency (M) (
=> "Eta"), of the armature current I A, the power output P2 and the speed n(M)
Before starting the measurement you must have answered the question
concerning the nominal torque, which you should have determined in
the "speed control" experiment
After completing the measurement export the generated graph and copy it into
the corresponding placeholder below
Determine from the diagram the highest degree of efficiency obtainable
29
EEM2 DC machines
What is the nominal torque?

MN= ____Nm
Placeholder for graph (M) ( => „Eta“), IA(M), P2(M), n(M)
What is the maximum efficiency " " for the shunt-wound motor?
= ____% approx.
30

1.2 LABSHEET1 - DC Part 2

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TECHNICAL AND VOCATIONAL EDUCATION

ENGINEERING EDUCATION DEPARTMENT

COURSE CODE BBV 30203

NAME OF COURSE ELECTRICAL MACHINE

EXPERIMENT NO. 01 part 2

Connection and starting

Training content: "Connection and starting"

Enter the nominal data for the DC machine

Match the winding designations to the windings

Assembly instructions: "Connection and starting"

Assemble the circuits as specified in the following circuit diagram and

Circuit diagram for DC shunt-wound motor

Set-up for DC shunt-wound motor

Put the shunt-wound motor into operation

Starter: minimum value (0 )

The motor demonstrates the following response:

The motor rotates at a higher speed than the nominal

Measure the armature current

Brake mode: "Torque Control"

Apply the brake to slow the motor down to nominal speed

What is the magnitude of the armature current?

The armature current corresponds approximately to

Record a load characteristic

Starter: maximum value ( Note: 0.3 KW class ~ 47 ; 1 KW class ~ 16 )

M/Nm n/(1/min) I/A U/V

Which of the following statements apply to the load characteristic?

The armature voltage is considerably reduced when

What is the function of the starter?

The starter is primarily used for speed control

Training content: "Rotation reversal"

Definition of rotation direction

Assembly instructions: "Rotation Reversal"

Circuit diagram for DC shunt-wound motor

Set-up for DC shunt-wound motor

Starter: minimum value (0 )

Switch on the motor and observe how it responds

What is the motor's direction of rotation?

The motor rotates clockwise

Circuit diagram for DC shunt-wound motor

What is the motor's direction of rotation now?

The motor rotates clockwise

Training content: "Speed Control"

Assembly instructions: "Speed Control"

Assemble the circuits as specified in the circuit diagram and set-up

Circuit diagram for DC shunt-wound motor

Set-up for DC shunt-wound motor

Record characteristics "Ia and "n" as a function of "Ua

DC power supply 220V

Ua/V n/(1/min) Ia/A

Record the characteristic of n" as a function of "M" using the

Start the "ActiveDrive/DCMA" software

Placeholder for characteristics n (M), Ua=220/190/160V

Record the characteristics of "If" and "n" as a function of Rf

Brake mode: "Torque Control"

Switch on the DC power supply

Rf/ n/(1/min) If/mA

Record the characteristic "n" as a function of "M" using the

Start the "ActiveDrive/DCMA" software

Placeholder for characteristics n (M), Rf = 0%/50%/90% of the maximum setting

Which statements are true of the speed variation?

A reduction of the armature voltage leads to a drop in

Training content: "Load characteristic"

Setup diagram: "Load Characteristic"