Observing Microbial Cells and Colony Morphology

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1. To improve Why do we stain cells? 7. differential

contrast, help stain
identify bacteria,
and improve
ability to observe
bacterial cell
structures
2. simple stain

a method of staining microorganisms

with a single basic dye; improves
reveals distinguishing traits of bacteria, helps
contrast
identify bacteria
3. Direct simple
8. structural
stains
strain

dye salts with positive charged

chromogens
4. chromogens colored ions found withins stains/dyes.
highlight the structure of bacteria
5. Positively-charged How do direct simple stains work?
chromogens helps to improve the ability to observe
attract to negative bacterial cell structures
charged bacteria
9. cell Categorizes cells based off their size, shape,
6. acidic environment What prevents direct simple stains from morphology and arrangement; can be observed after
(H+ protons working? staining cells.
compete to attract
10. Bacillus
to negatively-
charged bacterial
cells)

Rod shaped bacteria

11. coccus 15. diplo-

A spherical bacterium. pairs of bacteria connected to each other after

cell division.
12. coccobacillus
16. Tetrads

arrangement of four cells connected to each

other.
17. strepto-

short round rod

13. vibrio

twisted chains

comma shaped bacteria 18. staphylo-

14. spirillum or
spirochete

grape-like clusters
A spiral-shaped bacterium.
19. Fixation The adherence of cells to a slide by a chemical
or heat treatment.
20. fusiform bacillus

tapered at ends/football shaped