Zamudio, Phobelyn C.

BIO 4
BSEd Sciences – 3D 2/08/23

ACTIVITY 3

Task 1. Make a storyline/song/poem/jingle about how endospores become beneficial to a

bacteria.

ENDOSPORES

Oh, a well-rounded cell

Whose purpose is great as well
Its sturdy structure
Makes a bacteria survive at any measure

High heat and freezing temperature

Are easy to regulate with its feature
It reactivates and generate
And live for years as long as it take

Task 2. Make a chart which partitioned internal and external parts of bacterium.

BACTERIA CELL STRUCTURE

EXTERNAL INTERNAL

CAPSULE FLAGELLA CELL WALL CYTOPLASMIC

MEMBRANE

PILI SHEATH NUCLEOID MESOSOME

PROSTHECA STALKS RIBOSOME CYTOPLASM

SPORE
Guide Questions:

1. How genes of bacterium transfer from one bacterium to another?

• Bacterial genes are transferred from one bacterium to another by

transformation, transduction, or conjugation. During transformation, a bacteria
absorb DNA from its surroundings. In transduction, it involves the transfer of genes
from the receiver to the donor by bacteriophage infection of donor cells followed
by the lytic cycle. While for conjugation, DNA is transferred from one bacterium to
another. DNA is transferred between cells when the donor cell draws itself near to
the receiver via a structure called a pilus.

2. What are endospores? How this advantage in life cycle offered?

• Endospores are latent, resistant, and non-reproductive structures formed by

Firmicute bacteria. It is mainly caused by a shortage of nutrients and is seen in
Gram-positive bacteria. They are resistant to UV light, desiccation, temperature
fluctuations, and chemical disinfectants. It has the ability to persist for lengthy
periods of time despite environmental changes. It does this by storing genetic
information under environmental stress and being able to reactivate and replenish
the bacteria over time.

What do you learn?

• I have learned that bacteria are composed of single-cell organisms. It is made

up of structures such as the cell wall (external structure) that maintain its shape
the and plasma membrane (internal structure of a bacteria cell) that encloses the
cytoplasm that provides selective permeability for nutrients to enter.