INGENIERÍA SISMO RESISTENTE

NRC 1578

PRIMER MÉTODO

MÉTODO DE SUPERPOSICIÓN MODAL

Ingreso de datos:
ton
E ≔ 2 ⋅ 10 6 ―― L1 ≔ 4 m L2 ≔ 3 m
m2
⎡1⎤
1 m
r≔⎢1⎥ wf ≔ ― acel ((t)) ≔ 0.4 ⋅ 9.81 ― sin ((wf ⋅ t))
⎢ ⎥ s s2
⎣1⎦

Inercias

((1)) ((2)) ((3))

b1 ≔ 0.3 m d2 ≔ 0.3 m b3 ≔ 0.3 m

π
h1 ≔ 0.4 m A2 ≔ ―⋅ d2 2 = 0.071 m 2 h3 ≔ 0.2 m
A1 ≔ b1 ⋅ h1 = 0.12 m 2 4 A3 ≔ b3 ⋅ h3 = 0.06 m 2
π
I2 ≔ ― ⋅ d2 4 = 0 m 4
b1 ⋅ h1 3 64 b3 ⋅ h3 3
I1 ≔ ――― = 0.002 m 4 I3 ≔ ――― = 0 m4
12 12
Masas

ton ((12 m)) ton ⋅ s 2 ton ((12 m)) ton ⋅ s 2 ton ((5 m)) ton ⋅ s 2
Mp1 ≔ 3 ―― ⋅ ―――= 3.67 ――― Mp2 ≔ 3 ―― ⋅ ―――= 3.67 ――― Mp3 ≔ 2 ―― ⋅ ―――= 1.019 ―――
m m m m m m m m m
9.81 ― 2
9.81 ― 2
9.81 ― 2
s s s
Rigideces
12 ⋅ E ⋅ I1 ton 12 ⋅ E ⋅ I1 ton
rigt1 ≔ ――― 3
= 600 ―― rigt4 ≔ ――― 3
= 1422.222 ――
L1 m L2 m
12 ⋅ E ⋅ I2 ton
rigt2 ≔ ――― = 149.103 ――
L1 3 m 12 ⋅ E ⋅ I2 ton
rigt5 ≔ ――― = 353.429 ――
12 ⋅ E ⋅ I3 ton L2 3 m
rigt3 ≔ ――― = 75 ――
L1 3 m 12 ⋅ E ⋅ I3 ton
rigt6 ≔ ――― = 177.778 ――
L2 3 m

ton
kp1 ≔ rigt1 + rigt2 + rigt3 = 824.103 ――
m
ton
kp2 ≔ rigt4 + rigt5 + rigt6 = 1953.429 ――
m
ton
kp3 ≔ rigt4 + rigt5 = 1775.651 ――
m
Matriz de masas
⎡ Mp3 0 0 ⎤ ⎡ 1.019 0 0 ⎤
⎢ ⎥ ⎢ ⎥ ton ⋅ s 2
M ≔ 0 Mp2 0 = 0 3.67 0 ―――
⎢ ⎥ ⎢ ⎥ m
⎣ 0 0 Mp1 ⎦ ⎣ 0 0 3.67 ⎦

ton ⋅ s 2
MTOT ≔ M ((0 , 0)) + M ((1 , 1)) + M ((2 , 2)) = 8.359 ―――
m
Matriz de rigidez
⎡ kp3 -kp3 0 ⎤ ⎡ 1775.651 -1775.651 0 ⎤
⎢ ⎥ ⎢ ⎥ ton
K ≔ -kp3 kp3 + kp2 -kp2 = -1775.651 3729.081 -1953.429 ――
⎢ ⎥ ⎢ ⎥
⎣ 0 -kp2 kp2 + kp1 ⎦ ⎣ 0 -1953.429 2777.532 ⎦ m
Matriz de Eigen
⎡ 0.002 0.006 0.004 ⎤
A ≔ K -1 ⋅ M = ⎢ 0.002 0.006 0.004 ⎥ s 2
⎢ ⎥
⎣ 0.001 0.004 0.004 ⎦
Valores y vectores propios

⎡ 0.012 ⎤ ⎡ -0.636 -0.709 -0.925 ⎤

EVL ≔ eigenvals ((A)) = ⎢ 0.001 ⎥ s 2 FI ≔ eigenvecs ((A)) = -0.605 -0.299 0.362 ⎥
⎢
⎢ ⎥ ⎢ ⎥
⎣0 ⎦ ⎣ -0.479 0.639 -0.116 ⎦

Cálculo periodos
‾‾‾
1 1 2⋅π
L1 ≔ EVL ((0 , 0)) = 0.012 s 2 w1 ≔ ―― = 9.241 ― T1 ≔ ―― = 0.68 s
L1 s w1

‾‾‾
1 1 2⋅π
L2 ≔ EVL ((1 , 0)) = 0.001 s 2 w2 ≔ ―― = 31.723 ― T2 ≔ ―― = 0.198 s
L2 s w2

‾‾‾
1 1 2⋅π
L3 ≔ EVL ((2 , 0)) = 0 s 2 w3 ≔ ―― = 49.227 ― T3 ≔ ―― = 0.128 s
L3 s w3
Masa generalizada
⎡ 2.598 0 0 ⎤
T ⎢ ⎥ ton ⋅ s 2
Mg ≔ FI ⋅ M ⋅ FI = 0 2.338 0 ―――
⎢ ⎥ m
⎣0 0 1.402 ⎦
Rigidez generalizada
⎡ 221.83 0 0 ⎤
T ⎢ ⎥ ton
Kg ≔ FI ⋅ K ⋅ FI = 0 2352.958 0 ――
⎢ ⎥
⎣ 0 0 3396.835 ⎦ m

Matriz de amortiguamiento generalizado

ξ1 ≔ 0.02 ξ2 ≔ 0.02 ξ3 ≔ 0.02

⎡ 2 ⋅ Mg ((0 , 0)) ⋅ w1 ⋅ ξ1 0 0 ⎤ ⎡ 0.96 0 0 ⎤

ton ⋅ s
Cg ≔ ⎢ 0 2 ⋅ Mg ((1 , 1)) ⋅ w2 ⋅ ξ2 0 ⎥ = ⎢ 0 2.967 0 ⎥ ――
⎢ ⎥ ⎢ ⎥
⎣ 0 0 2 ⋅ Mg ((2 , 2)) ⋅ w3 ⋅ ξ3 ⎦ ⎣ 0 0 2.76 ⎦ m

Ecuaciones diferenciales
(1) en y: ay2p(t)+dyp(t)+ey(t)=Peq1(t)
Peq ((t)) ≔ -M ⋅ r ⋅ acel ((t))
⎡ FI ((0 , 0)) ⎤ ⎡ -0.636 ⎤
ton ⋅ s 2 ton ⋅ s
a ≔ Mg ((0 , 0)) = 2.598 ――― d ≔ Cg ((0 , 0)) = 0.96 ―― FI1 ≔ ⎢ FI ((1 , 0)) ⎥ = ⎢ -0.605 ⎥
m m ⎢ ( ⎥ ⎢ ⎥
⎣ FI (2 , 0)) ⎦ ⎣ -0.479 ⎦
ton
e ≔ Kg ((0 , 0)) = 221.83 ―― P1 ((t)) ≔ FI1 T ⋅ Peq ((t))
m
⎛π ⎞ 1
f ≔ P1 ⎜―s⎟ = 18.156 ton wf ≔ ― tt ≔ 20 s
⎝2 ⎠ s

t ≔ 0 s , 0.1 s ‥ 20 s

0.09
0.075
0.06
0.045
0.03
0.015
0
-0.015 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 y1 ((t)) ((m))
-0.03
-0.045
-0.06
-0.075
-0.09

t ((s))
 (2) en y: ay2p(t)+dyp(t)+ey(t)=Peq2(t)

⎡ FI ((0 , 1)) ⎤ ⎡ -0.709 ⎤

ton ⋅ s 2 ton ⋅ s
( )
a ≔ Mg (1 , 1) = 2.338 ――― d ≔ Cg ((1 , 1)) = 2.967 ―― FI2 ≔ ⎢ FI ((1 , 1)) ⎥ = ⎢ -0.299 ⎥
m m ⎢ ( ⎥ ⎢ ⎥
⎣ FI (2 , 1)) ⎦ ⎣ 0.639 ⎦
ton
e ≔ Kg ((1 , 1)) = 2352.958 ―― P2 ((t)) ≔ FI2 T ⋅ Peq ((t))
m
⎛π ⎞ 1
f ≔ P2 ⎜―s⎟ = -2.053 ton wf ≔ ― tt ≔ 20 s
⎝2 ⎠ s

0.001

0.001

0.001

0
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 y2 ((t)) ((m))
0

-0.001

-0.001

-0.001
t ≔ 0 s , 0.1 s ‥ 20 s

t ((s))

(3) en y: ay2p(t)+dyp(t)+ey(t)=Peq3(t)

⎡ FI ((0 , 2)) ⎤ ⎡ -0.925 ⎤

ton ⋅ s 2 ton ⋅ s
a ≔ Mg ((2 , 2)) = 1.402 ――― d ≔ Cg ((2 , 2)) = 2.76 ―― FI3 ≔ ⎢ FI ((1 , 2)) ⎥ = ⎢ 0.362 ⎥
m m ⎢ ( ⎥ ⎢ ⎥
⎣ FI (2 , 2)) ⎦ ⎣ -0.116 ⎦
ton
e ≔ Kg ((2 , 2)) = 3396.835 ―― P3 ((t)) ≔ FI3 T ⋅ Peq ((t))
m
⎛π ⎞ 1
f ≔ P3 ⎜―s⎟ = 0.154 ton wf ≔ ― tt ≔ 20 s
⎝2 ⎠ s
 0

0
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20
y3 ((t)) ((m))
0

0
t ≔ 0 s , 0.1 s ‥ 20 s 0

Solución en Coordenadas Reales: x=FI*Y t ((s))

xt ((t)) ≔ FI1 ⋅ y1 ((t)) + FI2 ⋅ y2 ((t)) + FI3 ⋅ y3 ((t))

v1 ≔ [[ 1 0 0 ]] v2 ≔ [[ 0 1 0 ]] v3 ≔ [[ 0 0 1 ]] ⎡ -0.03 ⎤
xt ((0.5 s)) = -0.029 ⎥ m
⎢
⎢ ⎥
x1 ((t)) ≔ v1 ⋅ xt ((t)) x2 ((t)) ≔ v2 ⋅ xt ((t)) x3 ((t)) ≔ v3 ⋅ xt ((t)) ⎣ -0.023 ⎦

0.06 0.06 0.043

0.05 0.05 0.034
0.04 0.04
0.026
0.03 0.03
0.02 0.017
0.02
0.01 0.01 0.009
0 0 0
-0.01
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 x1 ((t)) ((m)) -0.01
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 x2 ((t)) ((m)) 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 x3 ((t)) ((m))
-0.009
-0.02 -0.02
-0.017
-0.03 -0.03
-0.04 -0.04 -0.026

-0.05 -0.05 -0.034

-0.06 -0.06
-0.043

t ((s)) t ((s)) t ((s))

Respuestas máximas absolutas de cada grado de libertad

x1m ≔ ‖ x1ss ← 0 = 0.053 m x2m ≔ ‖ x2ss ← 0 =?

‖ ‖
‖ for i ∊ 1 ‥ 201 ‖ for i ∊ 1 ‥ 201
‖ ‖ i ‖ ‖ i
‖ ‖ tp ← ― s - 0.1 s ‖ ‖ tp ← ― s - 0.1 s
‖ ‖ 10 ‖ ‖ 10
‖
‖ if |x1 ((tp))|| > x1ss
| ‖
‖ if |x2 ((tp))|| > x2ss
|
‖ ‖ ‖ x1ss ← x1 (tp) ‖ ‖ ‖ x2ss ← x2 (tp)
‖ ‖‖ ‖ ( ) ‖ ‖‖ ‖ ( )
‖ x1ss ‖ x2ss
‖ ‖

x3m ≔ ‖ x3ss ← 0 = 0.041 m

‖
‖ for i ∊ 1 ‥ 201
‖ ‖ i
‖ ‖ tp ← ― s - 0.1 s
‖ ‖ 10
‖
‖ if |x3 ((tp))|| > x3ss
|
‖ ‖ ‖ x3ss ← x3 (tp)
‖ ‖‖ ‖ ( )
‖ x3ss
‖ ⎡ x1m ⎤ ⎡ 0.053 ⎤
xmax ≔ ⎢ x2m ⎥ = ⎢ 0.051 ⎥ m
⎢ ⎥ ⎢ ⎥
⎣ x3m ⎦ ⎣ 0.041 ⎦

⎡ 4.168 ⎤
fmax ≔ K ⋅ xmax = ⎢ 14.975 ⎥ ton
⎢ ⎥
⎣ 14.823 ⎦

Cortante basal equivalente

Veq ≔ fmax ((0 , 0)) + fmax ((1 , 0)) + fmax ((2 , 0)) = 33.966 ton
Coeficiente sísmico
Veq
Cs ≔ ―――――― = 0.414
m
MTOT ⋅ 9.81 ―
s2

SEGUNDO MÉTODO ANÁLISIS MODAL ESPECTRAL

⎡ -4.627 ⎤
ton ⋅ s 2
Lsis ≔ FI ⋅ M ⋅ r = 0.523 ⎥ ―――
T ⎢
⎢ ⎥ m
⎣ -0.039 ⎦
T1 = 0.68 s Sd1 ≔ 0.04829 m

T2 = 0.198 s Sd2 ≔ 0.00394446 m

T3 = 0.128 s Sd3 ≔ 0.0016334 m

Factor de participación
Modo((2)) Modo((3))
Modo((1))
Lsis ((1 , 0)) Lsis ((2 , 0))
Y2 ≔ ―――― = 0.224 Y3 ≔ ―――― = -0.028
Lsis ((0 , 0)) Mg ((1 , 1)) Mg ((2 , 2))
Y1 ≔ ―――― = -1.781
Mg ((0 , 0)) ⎡ -0.001 ⎤ ⎡0⎤
⎡ 0.055 ⎤ x2max ≔ FI2 ⋅ Y2 ⋅ Sd2 = ⎢ 0 ⎥m x3max ≔ FI3 ⋅ Y3 ⋅ Sd3 = ⎢ 0 ⎥ m
⎢ ⎥ ⎢ ⎥
x1max ≔ FI1 ⋅ Y1 ⋅ Sd1 = ⎢ 0.052 ⎥ m ⎣ 0.001 ⎦ ⎣0⎦
⎢ ⎥
⎣ 0.041 ⎦
⎡ -0.642 ⎤ ⎡ 0.105 ⎤
⎡ 4.761 ⎤ f2max ≔ K ⋅ x2max = ⎢ -0.975 ⎥ ton f3max ≔ K ⋅ x3max = ⎢ -0.147 ⎥ ton
⎢ ⎥ ⎢ ⎥
f1max ≔ K ⋅ x1max = ⎢ 16.299 ⎥ ton ⎣ 2.082 ⎦ ⎣ 0.047 ⎦
⎢ ⎥
⎣ 12.921 ⎦ 2 2

2
MModef2 ≔ Lsis ((1 , 0)) ↲ = 0.009 MModef3 ≔ Lsis ((2 , 0)) ↲ = 0
MModef1 ≔ Lsis ((0 , 0)) ↲ = 2.512 ÷ M ((1 , 1)) ↲ ÷ M ((2 , 2)) ↲
÷ M ((0 , 0)) ↲ ÷ MTOT ÷ MTOT
÷ MTOT
 Estimación máx. SRSS

0.5
⎡ 0.055 ⎤ 0.5
⎡ 4.805 ⎤
xmax ≔ ⎛⎝x1max 2 + x2max 2 + x3max 2 ⎞⎠ = 0.052 ⎥ m
⎢ fmax ≔ ⎛⎝f1max 2 + f2max 2 + f3max 2 ⎞⎠ = ⎢ 16.329 ⎥ ton
⎢ ⎥ ⎢ ⎥
⎣ 0.041 ⎦ ⎣ 13.087 ⎦
Veq ≔ fmax ((0 , 0)) + fmax ((1 , 0)) + fmax ((2 , 0)) = 34.221 ton
Veq
Cs ≔ ―――――― = 0.417
m
MTOT ⋅ 9.81 ―
s2
(3) GRÁFICAS DE RESPUESTA EN EL TIEMPO DEL PISO SUPERIOR

Fuerza de restitución

⎡ 1775.651 -1775.651 0 ⎤ Frest ((t)) ≔ K ⋅ xt ((t))

⎢ ⎥ ton
K = -1775.651 3729.081 -1953.429 ――
⎢ ⎥
⎣ 0 -1953.429 2777.532 ⎦ m Frest3 ((t)) ≔ v1 ⋅ Frest ((t))

4.25

3.4

2.55

1.7

0.85

0
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 Frest3 ((t)) ((ton))
-0.85

-1.7

-2.55

-3.4

-4.25

t ((s))
 Fuerza de amortiguamiento
d1 ton ⋅ s
Xamort ((t)) ≔ ―― x1 ((t)) Camort ≔ 2 ⋅ M ((0 , 0)) ⋅ w1 ⋅ ξ1 = 0.377 ――
d t1 m
Famort ((t)) ≔ Camort ⋅ Xamort ((t))

0.035
0.028
0.021
0.014
0.007
0
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20
-0.007
Famort ((t)) ((ton))
-0.014
-0.021
-0.028
-0.035
-0.042

t ((s))

Fuerza inercial
Finerc ((t)) ≔ Famort ((t)) - Frest3 ((t))

4.25

3.4
2.55

1.7

0.85
0

-0.85
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 Finerc ((t)) ((ton))
-1.7

-2.55
-3.4
-4.25

t ((s))
(4) GRÁFICAS DE FUERZAS DE RESTITUCIÓN EN FUNCIÓN DEL DESPLAZAMIENTO DEL PISO SUPERIOR Y FUERZA DE
AMORTIGUAMIENTO EN FUNCIÓN DE LA VELOCIDAD DEL PISO SUPERIOR

Fuerza de restitución en función del desplazamiento del piso superior

4.25

3.4

2.55

1.7

0.85

0
-0.043
-0.034
-0.026
-0.017
-0.009 0 0.0090.0170.0260.0340.043 Frest3 ((t)) ((ton))
-0.85

-1.7

-2.55

-3.4

-4.25

x3 ((t)) ((m))

Fuerza de amortiguamiento en función de la velocidad del piso superior

0.035
0.028
0.021
0.014
0.007
0
-0.1 -0.08-0.06-0.04-0.02 0 0.02 0.04 0.06 0.08
-0.007
-0.014 Famort ((t)) ((ton))
-0.021
-0.028
-0.035
-0.042

⎛m⎞
Xamort ((t)) ⎜―⎟
⎝ s ⎠