No.

09 Central Ave, New Era, Quezon City

College of Arts and Sciences

THE IMPACT OF TRAFFIC

CONGESTION TO THE ACADEMIC
PERFORMANCE OF THE NEW ERA
UNIVERSITY STUDENTS
(Chapter 1 Final Draft)

Submitted by:
Agbayani, Princess O.
Santos, Geralyn
Tabunan, Lei Anne

Submitted to:
Mr. Leo Paulo Magcalas
Chapter 1
Introduction

A. Background of the Study

As mentioned by (Poku, 2013) Traffic congestion disrupts business activities

and reduces productivity level. As the economy grows and real income of
household increase, vehicle population surges up, contributing to traffic congestion
particularly within in urban places like in metro manila is the center of business
trade in the Philippines which makes it prone to traffic congestion causing
excessive travel delays, particularly during peak hours and negatively affecting the
productivity of the good and services. Traffic congestion is one of our daily basis
that we face every day in our life and its getting worsen and has cost the economy
quit heavily in terms of the slowdown in the movement of goods and delivery
services. The traffic affect the performance of the student in the school because of
the delay and the time that is wasted on the road instead of using it in significant
and extra-curricular activities in the school. It is also one common reason why
students have records of tardiness.

According to (Smeed, 1967), traffic congestion is one of the most common

issue of the society especially in Metro Manila area. It has been many years that
Filipinos are enduring and dealing with the heavy traffic in every corner of Metro
Manila. Traffic congestion can affect everything in the society and even economic
growth. When trucks carrying deliveries of goods and raw materials are stuck in
traffic, there will be delay on the production of many business or market. This has
always been a problem of many people which lead to creation of organization, and
conducting researches and resolutions to solve problem in traffic but many of the
solutions that were proposed were not fully implemented.

(Poku, 2013) states that Economic and social activities of human kind
revolve around transportation, transportation it is one of our necessity that provide
linkages between different parts of our country and the global world, it links to work
deliver products to market. There is a relationship between transportation and
productivity because it is a link to almost all sectors of business everything we do
relies on transportation, business activities depend on the transportation system
to ensure the mobility of its customers, employees, suppliers.

(Poku, 2013) present the transportation infrastructure is one of the key factors
that directly affect transportation effectiveness around the metro manila
infrastructure mainly includes roads, parking lots, vehicles and transportation
terminals. People living in urban areas have come to accept traffic congestion as
part of city dynamics and therefore have become used to getting along with it and
it is city authorities that have policies to help manage congestion on affordable
basis to relief commuters of the difficulties imposed upon them by traffic congestion
and it is said that traffic congestion in metro manila is a symbol of a successful
socio economic development improved business activities, increase in
employment and improved culture. These are the factors that motivate firms to
operate more in the urban areas to benefit from economic gains but it reduces
productivity congestion affects speed and smooth traffic flow a wide range of
activities, services, goods market opportunities in the cities which can best be
delivered through transport mobility.

(Alam & Ahmed, 2013) points out the traffic congestion making productivity
suffer, reduces productivity through increased inventory holding by manufacturers
and retailers as a result of travel condition in metro manila and it increases the cost
of business operations the delay in the delivering time can impose additional
inventory cost congestion affects management system like just-in-time making the
businesses less responsive. Effective transportation system improves productivity
which is a key determinant of economic growth and living standards.

The importance of the study is for the researchers contribute of the solutions
to the traffic congestion. The researchers will conduct this study because we are
related to the study. The resolutions will also able to help us in everyday living.
B. Statement of the Problem
What are the impacts of traffic congestion to the academic performance of
the New Era University Students?

C. Significance of the Study

The significance of the research is to help commuters specifically students on

how traffic congestion can affect every individual.

The teachers will benefit from this study because they will have a data or
reason why students late and affect its performance.

The Community of the students will benefit also from this study.

The Commuters will benefit from this study because they will able to know
what increase their social interaction and can help them with their daily life.

Employees will also benefit from this study because they will able to increase
their productivity, reduce work place accident and enhance public image. Also
it helps the employees to manage their time.

Drivers will benefit from the study because they will able to improve their
driving skills to know the routes in Quezon City that is congested. Knowing how
to avoid traffic congestions, recognize potential hazards, reduced traffic jams
and hassles.

The Future researchers will benefit also from this study to elaborate more and
think of ways how can we resolve the problem of traffic congestion and not to
affect people lives specifically the academic performance of the students.
 D. Scope and Delimitation
The study focuses on the academic performance of New Era University
students specifically college students. The reason why the students is our
respondents because they are the one who fits to the academic
performance and the data that we will able to collect will also well-fitted to
the resolutions and suggestions that we will able to make. The researcher's
objectives would be to find the causes of traffic and to be able to find
possible solutions to lessen the traffic. The researcher's will also look for
ways to improve the implemented Metropolitan Manila Development
Authority (MMDA) projects. Here are some of the MMDA projects that are
currently applied to help the problem on traffic: Color Coding, making the
Yellow Lane ruling and construction of overpasses and highways.

E. Materials and Methods

This research employs a random- sampling method since where focusing
on the data regarding about traffic congestions and academic performance
of the Students. We will conduct a survey to 100 students of New Era
University specifically, college students. We will measure the academic
performance through tardiness.

Bibliography
Alam, A., & Ahmed, F. (2013). Urban Transport Systems and Congestion: A case study
of indian cities. Retrieved from
http://www.unescap.org/sites/default/files/bulletin82_Article-3.pdf
Poku, K. (2013). An Assessment of Traffic Congestion and Its Effect on Productivity in
Urban Ghana. International Journal of Business and Social Science , 225-230.
Smeed, R. (1967). Traffic Studies and Urban Suggestions. Society Think, 33-35.
 Chapter 2

Discussion

Data will be treated and analyzed using the following statistics:

1. Frequency and Percentage- is used to describe a difference of a part to a whole.

This formula will be used for the description of the respondent’s profile.

Percentage (%) = (F/N)* 100

Where:

F= Frequency
N= Total Number of respondents

Table 1 presents the frequency, percentage and rank of participants in terms of

gender.

Table 1
Gender Frequency Percentage Rank
Female 46 46.00% 2
Male 54 54.00% 1
Total 100 100%

The table 1 shows the number of participants involve in the study. The
researchers had 46% female respondents with a frequency of 46 and 54% of male
respondents with a frequency of 54. It shows that in the research process we have
higher rate of male respondents.
Table 2 presents the frequency and percentage of answers in Question #1, #2, #3, #4,
#5, #6 of the survey questionnaire.

Table 2.1

Q1 Frequency Percentage
1 67 67.00 %
2 29 29.00 %
3 5 5.00 %
Total 100 100%

Table 2.1 the data shows that mostly of our respondents spend 1 hour on traffic
with the highest frequency of 67 and percentage of 67. While the 2 hours gain 29% and
3 hours of 5% of the total respondents.

Table 2.2

Q2 Frequency Percentage
1 10 10.00%
2 61 61.00%
3 13 13.00%
4 16 16.00%
Total 100 100%

Table 2.2 the data shows that mostly of our respondents sometimes late because
of traffic with the highest frequency of 61 and percentage of 61. While the always is 10%,
13% often, and 16% always of the total respondents.
 Table 2.3

Q3 Frequency Percentage
1 36 36.00 %
2 42 42.00 %
3 21 21.00 %
Total 100 100%

Table 2.3 the data shows that mostly of our respondents late 2 times in a week
with the highest frequency of 42 and percentage of 42. While 1 time is 36% and 3 times
or more is 21% of the total respondents.

Table 2.4

Q4 Frequency Percentage
1 43 43.00%
2 9 09.00%
3 3 03.00%
4 2 02.00%
5 43 43.00%
Total 100 100%

Table 2.4 the data shows that mostly of our respondents experience traffic Monday
and Friday with the equal frequency of 43 and percentage of 43. While Tuesday for 9%,
Wednesday for 3%, and Thursday for 2% of the total respondents.
 Table 2.5

Q5 Frequency Percentage
1 22 22.00%
2 12 12.00%
3 11 11.00%
4 37 37.00%
5 18 18.00%
Total 100 100%

Table 2.5 the data shows that mostly of our respondents experience traffic in
Fairview with the highest frequency of 37 and percentage of 37. While Commonwealth
for 22%, Tandang Sora for 22%, Visayas Avenue for 11% and other location for 18% of
the total respondents.

Table 2.6

Q6 Frequency Percentage
1 53 53.00%
2 23 23.00%
3 14 14.00%
4 1 01.00%
5 9 09.00%
Total 100 100%

Table 2.6 the data shows that mostly of our respondents use Jeepney as mode of
transportation with the highest frequency of 53 and percentage of 53. While Bus for 23%,
FX for 14%, MRT for 1%, and Private car for 9% of the total respondents.
Table 3 Represents the data of what are the problems that you encounter because of
traffic and Possible Solutions for the existing problem

Table 3.1

Problems Frequency Percentage Rank

I miss a lot of quizzes 45 15.68% 4
Lack of sleep due to waking up in the
59 20.57% 2
morning just to get time in school.
Lessen time spend with friends in
22 07.67% 6
school
My friends are angry with me because I
wasn’t able to come in school early for 26 09.06% 5
participating to our group study.
Experiencing suffocation due to air
55 19.16% 3
pollution that cause of traffic
Experiencing stress because of
80 27.87% 1
spending long time in traffic
TOTAL 287 100

Table 3.1 the data shows that mostly of our respondents experiencing stress
because of spending long time in traffic with the percentage of 27.87% which is the rank
1 in the survey. While the rank 2 with the percentage of 20.57% is lack of sleep due to
waking up in the morning just to get time in school. The 3rd rank is experiencing
suffocation due to air pollution that cause of traffic with 19.16%. The 4 th rank is I miss a
lot of quizzes with the 15.68%. The 5th rank is my friends are angry with me because I
wasn’t able to come in school early for participating to our group study with 09.06%. The
last rank is Lessen time spend with friends in school with 07.67%. This data proves that
experiencing traffic can affect health not just the academic performance.
 Table 3.2

Solutions Frequency Percentage Rank

Sleep Early 75 26.13% 1
Think of alternative way or route in
38 13.24% 4
lesser time
Quality time on weekends with friends
25 8.71% 6
and family.
Inform them that you will late because
34 11.85% 5
of traffic.
Bring Mask or Handkerchief when
57 19.86% 3
you’re commuting.
Bring water or spend time on social
58 20.21% 2
media when you stuck on traffic.
TOTAL 287 100

Table 3.2 the data shows that mostly of our respondent’s possible solution to the
existing problem is sleep early with 26.13% which is the rank 1. While the 2nd rank is bring
water or spend time on social media when you stuck on traffic with 20.21%. The 3 rd rank
is bring Mask or Handkerchief when you’re commuting with 19.86%. The 4 th rank is think
of alternative way or route in lesser time with 13.24%. The 5 th rank is Inform them that
you will late because of traffic with 11.85%. The last rank is Quality time on weekends
with friends and family with 8.71%. This data proves that possible solution also affect
health so that it will have a positive impact to academic performance,
 CHAPTER 3

SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS, AND RECOMMENDATIONS

Summary & Conclusions

The survey results resolves and answer our research problem, “What are the
impacts of traffic congestion to the academic performance of the New Era University
Students” Based on the data that we gathered that traffic congestion has a negative
impact or relationship to the academic performance of the students. We, therefore
conclude that traffic congestions has negative impact not just in the students but also
workers and commuters who deals with it every day. The questionnaire includes what
day and how many hours’ people experiencing traffic which is Monday and Friday with
average of 1 hour stuck on traffic. We also conclude that traffic congestion has a huge
impact to commuters’ health. The highest number and percentage that cause by traffic is
having stress.

Recommendations

We, the researchers recommend that:

1. On the possible solutions to avoid traffic congestion is to sleep early so that the
lack of sleep cannot be a problem
2. Bring water when commuting so that it can lessen the stress that cause by traffic
3. We can think of ways on how to pas quizzes and home works without coming
late to school by passing it through online (if the teacher agree with the process)
4. If traffic cannot be resolve then we can think of another way to avoid or lessen
the traffic (includes the possible resolution)