12

Oral Communication
in Context
Quarter 1 – Module 1:
Functions, Nature and Process of Communication

Development Team of the Module

Writer: Alvin R. Lim
Editor: Rolylyn H. Dado
Reviewer: June D. Cunanan
Layout Artist: Froilan G. Isip

Management Team Zenia G. Mostoles EdD, CESO V, SDS

Leonardo C. Canlas EdD CESE, ASDS
Rowena T. Quiambao CESE, ASDS
Celia R. Lacanlale PhD, CID Chief
Arceli S. Lopez PhD, SGOD Chief
June D. Cunanan EPS- English
Ruby M. Jimenez PhD, EPS-LRMDS

Published by the Department of Education, Schools Division of Pampanga

Office Address: High School Boulevard, Brgy. Lourdes, City of San Fernando,
Pampanga
Telephone No: (045) 435-2728
E-mail Address: pampanga@deped.gov.ph
Introductory Message
For the Facilitator:

Welcome to the Oral Communication in Context Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM)

Module Functions, Nature and Process of Communication

This module was collaboratively designed, developed and reviewed by educators

from public institutions to assist you, the teacher or facilitator in helping the learners meet the
standards set by the K to 12 Curriculum while overcoming their personal, social, and
economic constraints in schooling.

This learning resource hopes to engage the learners into guided and independent
learning activities at their own pace and time. Furthermore, this also aims to help learners
acquire the needed 21st century skills while taking into consideration their needs and
circumstances.

In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the body of
the module:

As a facilitator, you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this module.
You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to manage their
own learning. Furthermore, you are expected to encourage and assist the learners as they
do the tasks included in the module.

For the Learner:

Welcome to the Oral Communication in Context Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM)

Module on Functions, Nature, and Process of Communication

Think about communication in your daily life. When you make a phone call, send a
text message, or like a post on Facebook, what is the purpose of that activity? Have you
ever felt confused by what someone is telling you or argued over a misunderstood email?
The underlying issue may very well be a communication deficiency.

This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful opportunities for
guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You will be enabled to process
the contents of the learning resource while being an active learner.

What I Need to Know

This module will assist you in encouraging the learners to understand the functions,
nature, and process of communication.
Please help the learners in sharing their ideas and knowledge from their experiences
so that there will be collaboration and learning will be easy.
Answers are written at the back of this module. Inculcate to the learners the value of
honesty while answering this module.
For the learner
“Well developed communication skills are vital to your academic success.”
At all levels of education, you must be able to communicate effectively. Without well-
developed communication skills, you run the risk of falling behind your peers or becoming
emotionally overwhelmed or withdrawn at school.
This topic gives you an overview of communication and introduces you to the main
elements in the communication process.

At the end of this module, you are expected to:

1. Define communication and explain its elements
2. Enumerate and expound the nature of communication
3. Identify the function or purpose of a communicative situation
4. Explain the process of communication

What I Know

Read and answer each item. Write the letter of the best answer in your notebook.

1. Communication can be expressed through written or spoken words, actions, or

_______.
A. Linear
B. Nonverbal
C. Transactional
D. Verbal
2. It happens when communication allows individuals to interact with others.
A. Control
B. Emotional expression
C. Motivation
D. Social interaction
3. It is a process of sharing and conveying information from one person to another within
and across channels, contexts, media, and cultures
A. Broadcasting
B. Communication
C. Gift-giving
D. Transaction
4. It is the exchange of verbal messages with the employment of nonverbal cues.
A. Distance communication
B. Online communication
C. Oral communication
D. Written communication
5. It is the other term for the reactions, responses, or information provided by the receiver.
A. Channel
B. Context
C. Feedback
D. Message
6. The environment where communication takes place is called:
A. Barrier
B. Channel
C. Context
D. Message
7. What is the function of this communication instance as the teacher looks sharply at the
noisy student?
A. Control
B. Emotional expression
C. Information dissemination
D. Motivation
8. Who decodes or interprets the message based on the context?
A. Barrier
B. Channel
C. Receiver
D. Sender
9. When you are thinking of how to express your thought or ideas, you are currently in the
process of _________.
A. Channeling
B. Decoding
C. Encoding
D. Feedback-giving
10. What must be the first step in the communication process?
A. The sender generates an idea.
B. The receiver gets the message.
C. The receiver sends or provides feedback.
D. The sender transmits or sends out a message.

Lesson
Functions, Nature, and Process
1 of Communication

Communication is an integral part of our lives. Most of our activities as human beings
depend upon effective communication.

However, we often misconceive communication, just like breathing, which we just

naturally born to do; therefore, not to be studied, nor to be learned and mastered.

Flores (2016) states communication is an art, a science, a process, and a technique,

and studying it encompasses learning about elements, dimensions, and principles.
 What’s In

Direction. Through the use of the following pictures, identify the five-macro skills
in communication.

L __ __ T __ N __ __ __ __ P __ __ K __ __ __ V__ E __ __ __ G

__ __ A D I __ __ __ R __ T I __ __

What’s New

Activity 1
Direction. Using the concept map below, share your ideas, knowledge, and
experience about communication. Write your answer in your notebook.

Communicati
on
 What is It

Discussion of Activity 1

Communication is a process of sharing and conveying information from one person

to another within and across channels, contexts, media, and cultures (McCornack as cited
by Sipacio & Balgos, 2016). There is a wide variety of contexts and situations in which
communication can be manifested; it can be a face-to-face interaction, a phone
conversation, a group discussion, a meeting or interview, a letter
correspondence, a class recitation, and many others.

Moreover, speech or oral communication is the exchange of verbal messages with

the employment of nonverbal cues such as tone of voice, bodily actions, eye communication,
and others.

Nature of Communication
1. Communication is a process.
2. Communication occurs between two or more people (the speaker and the receiver).
3. Communication can be expressed through written or spoken words, actions
(nonverbal), or both spoken words and nonverbal actions at the same time.
Elements of Communication

Communication is divided into elements which help us better understand its

mechanics or process (Sipacio & Balgos, 2016). These elements are the following:

1. Speaker – the source of information or message

2. Message – the information, ideas, or thoughts conveyed by the speaker in words or in

actions

3. Encoding – the process of converting the message into words, actions, or other forms
that the speaker understands

4. Channel – the medium or the means, such as personal or non-personal, verbal or

nonverbal, in which the encoded message is conveyed

5. Decoding – the process of interpreting the encoded message of the speaker by the
receiver

6. Receiver – the recipient of the message, or someone who decodes the message

7. Feedback – the reactions, responses, or information provided by the receiver

8. Context – the environment where communication takes place

9. Barrier – the factors that affect the flow of communication

 Functions of Communication

Basically, there are five functions of communication. These are control, social
interaction, motivation, emotional expression, and information dissemination.

1. Control – Communication functions to control behavior.

2. Social Interaction – Communication allows individuals to interact with others.
3. Motivation – Communication motivates or encourages people to live better.
4. Emotional expression – Communication facilitates people’s expression of their
feelings and emotions.
5. Information dissemination – Communication functions to convey information.

Process of Communication

1
The sender generates an idea.

6 2

5 3The sender encodes an idea or

The receiver sends or provides converts the idea into words or
feedback. actions.
4

The receiver decodes or The sender transmits or sends

interprets the message based on out a message.
the context.

The receiver gets the message

 What’s More

Independent Activity 1

Direction. Look for the following words in the puzzle. Briefly explain each word by relating
their essence to our lesson for today. You can locate them either vertically,
horizontally, or diagonally.

COMMUNICATION SENDER

PROCESS RECEIVER

VERBAL FEEDBACK

NONVERBAL SPEAK

MESSAGE LISTEN
Independent Assessment 1

Direction. With the nature of communication in mind, briefly expound each property of
communication. Write your answer in your notebook.

1 Communication is a process.
•

Communication occurs between two or more people (the

2 speaker and the receiver).
•

Communication can be expressed through written or

spoken words, actions (nonverbal), or both spoken
3 words and nonverbal actions at the same time.
•

Independent Activity 2

Direction. Match Column A to Column B by identifying the element of communication being

described in each item. Write the letter of the best answer in your notebook.

Column A Column B

______ 1. Sender a. environment where communication takes place

______ 2. Message
______ 3. Encoding
______ 4. Channel
______ 5. Decoding
______ 6. Receiver
______ 7. Feedback
______ 8. Context
______ 9. Barrier
b. factors that affect the flow of communication
c. information, ideas, or thoughts conveyed by the
speaker in words or in actions
d. medium or the means, such as personal or non-
personal, verbal or nonverbal, in which the encoded
message is conveyed
e. process of converting the message into words, actions,
or other forms that the speaker understands
f. process of interpreting the encoded message of the
speaker by the receiver
g. reactions, responses, or information provided by the
receiver
h. recipient of the message, or someone who decodes the
message
i. source of information or message
Independent Assessment 2

Direction. Identify the function of communication in each of the following situations. Write C
for control, M for motivation, SI if Social Interaction, EE for emotional expression,
and ID if information dissemination. Put your answers in your notebook.

1. A television personality thanks to the supportive moviegoers during an interview.

2. A tourist guide orients a group of tourists about a heritage site.
3. Breatney delivers her valedictory speech.
4. Erica shares her personal frustrations with Chandler.
5. Karyl shares her insights on how to live peacefully despite a complicated life.
6. Mayor Flores presents his strategies to execute the plans in a public forum.
7. Mr. Calimlim lectures about mathematical concepts.
8. Nathalie greets Rosalie; then, they start talking about their plans for the holidays.
9. Teacher Paul reads and discusses classroom policies to her students.
10. The President delivers his last State of the Nation Address.

Independent Activity 3

Direction. Complete each step involved in the process of communication by filling in the
blanks. Write your answers in your notebook.

1. The sender __________ an idea.

2. The sender encodes an idea or __________ the idea into words or actions.
3. The sender transmits or sends out a __________.
4. The __________ gets the message.
5. The receiver __________ or interprets the message based on the context.
6. The receiver sends or provides __________.

Independent Assessment 3
Direction. With the process of communication in mind, arrange the following situations by
numbering them in accordance with the steps studied. Write the correct order in
your notebook.

____ Amihan loves Ybrahim, her suitor, as a friend.

____ Amihan tells him, “Ybrahim, mahal kita bilang kaibigan.”
____ Amihan thinks of how to tell Ybrahim using their native language.
____ Ybrahim frowns and does not say something,
____ Ybrahim hears what Amihan says.
____ Ybrahim tries to analyze what Amihan means based on the content and their
relationship and he is heartbroken.
 What I Have Learned

Direction. Reflect on what you have learned after taking up this lesson by completing the
chart below in 2-3 sentences

What were your I thought…

thoughts or ideas
about the functions,
nature, and process
of communication
prior to the
discussion of the
lesson?

I learned that…
What new or
additional ideas did
you learn after taking
up this lesson?

I am going to…
How are you going to
apply the things you
have learned about
the functions, nature,
and process of
communication?
 What I Can Do

Direction. Define communication in your own words. Then give a communication situation
to expound your definition involving nature and process of communication. Write
your answer in your notebook.

___________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________

Assessment

Direction. Read and answer each item. Write the letter of the best answer in your notebook.

1. It is a process of sharing and conveying information from one person to another within
and across channels, contexts, media, and cultures
A. Broadcasting
B. Communication
C. Gift-giving
D. Transaction
2. Communication can be expressed through written or spoken words, actions, or ______.
A. Linear
B. Nonverbal
C. Transactional
D. Verbal

3. It is the exchange of verbal messages with the employment of nonverbal cues.

A. Distance communication
B. Online communication
C. Oral communication
D. Written communication

4. The environment where communication takes place is called:

A. Barrier
B. Channel
C. Context
D. Message

5. It is the other term for the reactions, responses, or information provided by the receiver.
A. Channel
B. Context
C. Feedback
D. Message

6. It happens when communication allows individuals to interact with others.

A. Control
B. Emotional expression
C. Motivation
D. Social interaction

7. What is the function of this communication instance as the teacher looks sharply at the
noisy student?
A. Control
B. Emotional expression
C. Information dissemination
D. Motivation

8. Who decodes or interprets the message based on the context?

A. Barrier
B. Channel
C. Receiver
D. Sender

9. When you are thinking of how to express your thought or ideas, you are currently in the
process of _________.
A. Channeling
B. Decoding
C. Encoding
D. Feedback-giving
10. Arrange the following steps adhering to the process of communication

I. The receiver decodes or interprets the message based on the context.

II. The receiver gets the message.
III. The receiver sends or provides feedback.
IV. The sender encodes an idea or converts the idea into words or actions.
V. The sender generates an idea.
VI. The sender transmits or sends out a message.

A. I, II, III, IV, V, VI

B. II, I, III, V, IV, VI
C. IV, VI, V, II, I, III
D. V, IV, VI, II, I, III

Additional Activities

Direction. Write T before each number if the statement is true and F if the statement
is false.
1. Consider ethics in your speech at all times.
2. Effective use of nonverbal communication can strengthen your message.
3. How you communicate reflects who you are as a person.
4. One way to help you build credibility is through effective nonverbal communication.
5. There are certain words that are only appropriate at certain times and places.
6. To achieve clarity, we must speak the same language as our listeners.
7. The use of too many fillers can distract your listeners.
8. Verbal communication is better than nonverbal communication.
9. When you talk to others, you should not assume too quickly that they understand the
message that you convey.
10. When you communicate, choose what you want to say and how you want to say it.
What I Know What’s New Independent Independent
1. B Answers may vary Activity 2 Activity 3
2. D 1. i 1. Generates
3. B 2. c 2. Converts
4. C 3. e 3. Message
What’s More 4. d 4. Receiver
5. C
6. C Independent 5. f 5. Decodes
Activity 1 6. h 6. feedback
7. A
Check the answered 7. g
8. C 8. a
9. C puzzle below. 9. b
10. A Independent
Independent Assessment 3
Independent Assessment 2
What’s In 1. EE 1, 3, 2, 6, 4, 5
Assessment 1
1. LISTENING Answers may vary 2. C
2. SPEAKING 3. M What I Have
3. VIEWING 4. EE Learned
4. READING 5. M Answers may vary.
5. WRITING 6. ID
7. ID What I Can Do
8. SI Answers may vary
9. C
10. ID
Assessment
1. B
2. B
3. C
4. C
5. C
6. D
7. A
8. C
9. C
10. D
Additional
Activities
1. T
2. T
3. T
4. T
5. T
6. T
7. T
8. F
9. T
10. T
Answer Key
References

 Child Success Center. 2020. The Importance Of Communication Skills For

Academic Success | Child Success Center. [online] Available at:
<https://childsuccesscenter.com/blog/importance-of-communication-skills-for-
academic-success/#:~:text=Well%20developed%20communication%20skills
%20%20are,overwhelmed%20or%20withdrawn%20at%20school.> [Accessed
27 June 2020].

 Dingwall, J., Labrie, C., McLennon, T. and Underwood, L., 2020. Introduction
To Communication. [online] Ecampusontario.pressbooks.pub. Available at:
<https://ecampusontario.pressbooks.pub/profcommsontario/chapter/module-
overview-2/> [Accessed 27 June 2020].

 Flores, R., 2016. Oral Communication In Context. 1st ed. City of Manila: Rex
Book Store, Inc., pp.1.

 Sipacio, P. and Balgos, A., 2016. Oral Communication In Context Textbook.

Quezon City: C & E Publishing, Inc., pp.4-5.