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PROGRAM NAME: SAP2000

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BS 8110-1997 Example 002

P-M INTERACTION CHECK FOR COMPRESSION-CONTROLLED RECTANGULAR COLUMN

EXAMPLE DESCRIPTION
The Demand/Capacity ratio for a given axial loading and moment is tested in this
example.

In this example, a reinforced concrete column is subjected to factored axial load

N = 1971 kN and moment My = 493 kN-m. This column is reinforced with five
25M bars. The design capacity ratio is checked by hand calculations and the
result is compared with computed results. The column is designed as a short,
non-sway member.

GEOMETRY, PROPERTIES AND LOADING

1971 kN

My= 493 kN-m

550mm

A A 60 mm 350mm
3m

Section A-A

Material Properties Section Properties Design Properties

Ec = 25x106 kN/m2 b = 350 m fcu = 30 MPa

ν = 0.2 d = 490 mm fy = 460 MPa
G = 10416666.7kN/m2

TECHNICAL FEATURES TESTED

 Tied reinforced concrete column design

BS 8110-1997 Example 002 - 1

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RESULTS COMPARISON
Independent results are hand calculated and compared.

Percent
Output Parameter SAP2000 Independent Difference

Column Demand/Capacity Ratio 0.995 1.00 -0.50%

COMPUTER FILE: BS 8110-1997 EX002

CONCLUSION
The computed result shows an acceptable comparison with the independent
result.

BS 8110-1997 Example 002 - 2

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HAND CALCULATION

Column Strength under compression control

fcu = 30 MPa fy = 460 MPa
b = 350 mm d = 490 mm

1) Because e = 250 mm < (2/3)d = 327 mm, assume compression failure. This
assumption will be checked later. Calculate the distance to the neutral axis for a
balanced condition, cb:
Position of neutral axis at balance condition:
700 700
=cb = dt = ( 490 ) 312 mm
700 + f y / γ s 700 + 460 /1.15

2) From the equation of equilibrium:

N = Cc + C s − T
where
0.67
=Cc = fcu ab 0.67 1.5 •=30 • 350a 4667 a
γΜ
As′
Cs =
γs
( f y − 0.4467 fcu ) = ( 460 − 0.4467 • 30 ) =
2500
1.15
971, 014 N

Assume compression steel yields (this assumption will be checked later).

= 2174 fs ( fs < f y )
As fs 2500 fs
= T =
γs 1.15
N1 =4, 667 a + 971, 014 − 2174 fs (Eqn. 1)

3) Taking moments about As:

1  a 
=
N Cc  d −  + C s ( d − d ′ ) 
e′   2 
The plastic centroid is at the center of the section and d ′′ = 215 mm
e′ =e + d ′′ =250 + 215 =465 mm
1   a 
=N  4, 667 a  490 −  + 971, 014 ( 490 − 60 ) 
465   2 
N = 4917.9a − 5.018a 2 + 897,926 (Eqn. 2)

BS 8110-1997 Example 002 - 3

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4) Assume c = 364 mm, which exceed cb (296 mm).

= =
a 0.9 • 364 327.6 mm

Substitute in Eqn. 2:
N 2 4917.9 • 327.6 − 5.018 ( 327.6 ) + 897,926
2
= = 1,970,500 N

5) Calculate fs from the strain diagram when c = 365 mm.

 490 − 364 
=fs =  700 242.3 MPa
 364 
ε=
s ε=
t fs Es = 0.0012

6) Substitute a = 327.6 mm and fs = 242.3 MPa in Eqn. 1 to calculate N1:

N1 4, 667 ( 327.6 ) + 971, 014 − 2174 ( 242.3

= = ) 1,973,163 N
which is very close to the calculated N2 of 1,970,500 (less than 1% difference)

 250 
M = Ne = 1971  = 493 kN-m
 1000 

7) Check if compression steels yield. From strain diagram,

 365 − 60 
=ε′s   ( 0.0035
= ) 0.00292
= > ε y 0.0023
 365 

Compression steel yields, as assumed.

8) Therefore, the section capacity is

N = 1971 kN
M = 493 kN-m

BS 8110-1997 Example 002 - 4