Revision

Indication
UOP LLC STANDARD SPECIFICATION
25 East Algonquin Road
Des Plaines, Illinois 60017-5017, USA 3-16-7 Page 1 of 9
Note: The information in this document is confidential and the property of UOP LLC and must not be disclosed to others or reproduced in any manner or used for any purpose whatsoever without its written permission.

DATE STATUS APVD AUTHD

STORAGE TANKS - ATMOSPHERIC
08MAY09 Reaffirmed JLS RGP

1. GENERAL

1.1 Scope

a. This Standard Specification covers the general requirements for the design and
fabrication of welded steel atmospheric storage tanks and their appurtenances.

b. Exceptions or variations shown in the UOP Project Specifications take precedence

over requirements shown herein.

1.2 References

Unless noted below, use the edition and addenda of each referenced document current on the
date of this Standard Specification. When a referenced document incorporates another
document, use the edition of that document required by the referenced document.

a. American Petroleum Institute (API) Standard 650, “Welded Steel Tanks for Oil
Storage”

b. API Standard 2000, “Venting Atmospheric and Low-Pressure Storage Tanks”

c. API, “Manual of Petroleum Management Standard, Chapter 2 - Tank Calibration”

d. National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) 11, “Standard for Low-, Medium-, and
High-Expansion Foam”

e. National, state, and local governmental regulations and laws

2. DESIGN AND FABRICATION

2.1 General

a. Tanks shall be designed, fabricated, erected, and tested in accordance with API 650,
except where modified by either the UOP Project Specification(s) or the UOP
Standard Specification(s).

b. Tank venting shall be designed in accordance with the requirements of API 2000
except where modified by either the UOP Project Specification(s) or the UOP
Standard Specification(s).

c. Tanks shall have an official API monogrammed nameplate.

Form QUA-03-4
Revision
Indication
UOP LLC STANDARD SPECIFICATION
25 East Algonquin Road
Des Plaines, Illinois 60017-5017, USA 3-16-7 Page 2 of 9
Note: The information in this document is confidential and the property of UOP LLC and must not be disclosed to others or reproduced in any manner or used for any purpose whatsoever without its written permission.

DATE STATUS APVD AUTHD

STORAGE TANKS - ATMOSPHERIC
08MAY09 Reaffirmed JLS RGP

2.2 Design

a. Nominal capacities given in the UOP Project Specifications include allowance for
freeboard, vapor space, and inaccessible bottom space. No further allowance is
required in establishing tank size. Capacities given for Floating Roof Tanks is the
volume to the underside of the roof deck with seals in full operation. Shell extensions
above tank height listed in UOP Project Specifications shall be provided as required.

b. For earth mounded foundations, the tank bottom shall be coned upwards ("Apex Up")
with the angle of slope from the center of the tank to the foundation.

c. When the UOP Project Specifications require the tank to be completely and frequently
emptied, and where contamination between successive tank contents cannot be
tolerated, the tank bottom shall be cone down ("Apex Down").

d. Drain connections shall be furnished complete with the following: 4 inch nozzle,
internal piping terminating 4 inches (100 mm) above the bottom of the tank (or sump),
and a drain valve. Non-freeze type drain valves shall be furnished where the ambient
temperature can fall below 32°F (0°C) for more than 24 hours.

e. A pumpout connection shall be furnished with a 4 inch nozzle, internal piping

terminating 4 inches (100mm) above the bottom of the tank (or sump), and a valve.
The pumpout nozzle shall be located near the pump suction nozzle. A non-freeze type
valve shall be furnished where the ambient temperature can fall below 32 ºF (0 ºC) for
more than 24 hours.

f. Reinforcement or bearing plates shall be added to the tank bottom under concentrated
loads such as heating coils, support legs for floating roofs, fixed columns, etc. Wear
plates 1/4 inch (6 mm) thick shall be installed under pipes discharging against the tank
bottom.

g. Roof plates shall be laid for complete rainwater run off with the lower edge of plates
in any course overlapping the adjacent lower course.

h. Pan-type floating roofs are not acceptable for floating roof tanks.

i. Tanks shall have a minimum corrosion allowance of 1/16 inch (1.5 mm), including
roof, shell, and bottom plates and all supporting and bracing members.

j. When service conditions are such that it is not practical to provide a corrosion
allowance by added base metal, special lining materials such as concrete, alloy steel,
plastics, etc., suitable for the service, shall be used.

k. Tanks shall be strapped over the full height of the tank as required in API, “Manual of
Petroleum Management Standard, Chapter 2 - Tank Calibration”, before placing in
service. A gauge table shall be provided.

l. When shell plates with openings require post weld heat treatment, the openings shall
be grouped in as few plates as possible.

Form QUA-03-4
Revision
Indication
UOP LLC STANDARD SPECIFICATION
25 East Algonquin Road
Des Plaines, Illinois 60017-5017, USA 3-16-7 Page 3 of 9
Note: The information in this document is confidential and the property of UOP LLC and must not be disclosed to others or reproduced in any manner or used for any purpose whatsoever without its written permission.

DATE STATUS APVD AUTHD

STORAGE TANKS - ATMOSPHERIC
08MAY09 Reaffirmed JLS RGP

3. APPURTENANCES AND ACCESSORIES

3.1 Requirements Applicable to all Atmospheric Storage Tanks

a. The orientation of the roof and shell fittings shall permit the installed equipment to
work accurately and effectively.

b. Shell Manways: The minimum number and size shall be:

Tank Diameter Number and Size Spacing

Less than or equal to 40 feet (12 m) 1 – 24 inch ID -
Greater than 40 feet to 150 feet (12 m to 45 m) 2 – 24 inch ID 180° apart
Greater than 150 feet to 200 feet (45 m to 60 m) 3 – 24 inch ID 120° apart
Greater than 200 feet (60 m) 4 – 24 inch ID 90° apart

c. Roof manways (for Cone Roof Tanks only) - The minimum number and size shall be:

Tank Diameter Number and Size Spacing

Less than 100 feet (30 m) 1 – 24 inch ID -
Greater than or equal to 100 feet (30 m) 2 – 24 inch ID 180° apart

d. Manways shall be hinged and provided with a handle.

e. One roof manway on each tank shall be located adjacent to the level gauge connection
to permit adjustment of float.

f. The minimum number and size of drain connections shall be:

Tank Diameter Number and Size Spacing

Less than 40 feet (12 m) 1 – 4” -
Greater than or equal to 40 feet to 150 feet (12 m to 2 – 4” 180° apart
45 m)
Greater than or equal to 150 feet to 200 feet (45 m 3 – 4” 120° apart
to 60 m)
Greater than or equal to 200 feet (60 m) 4 – 4” 90° apart

g. Drain nozzles shall be located near shell manways to facilitate cleaning of sumps.

h. Shell connections 1-1/2 inch and over shall be flanged nozzles with boltholes
straddling the vertical centerline. Connections smaller than 1-1/2 inch may be 3000
pound screwed couplings. However, all thermowell connections shall be flanged
nozzles.

Form QUA-03-4
Revision
Indication
UOP LLC STANDARD SPECIFICATION
25 East Algonquin Road
Des Plaines, Illinois 60017-5017, USA 3-16-7 Page 4 of 9
Note: The information in this document is confidential and the property of UOP LLC and must not be disclosed to others or reproduced in any manner or used for any purpose whatsoever without its written permission.

DATE STATUS APVD AUTHD

STORAGE TANKS - ATMOSPHERIC
08MAY09 Reaffirmed JLS RGP

i. One 8 inch nominal size (minimum) gauge hatch, with self closing non-sparking
cover, shall be furnished and located adjacent to the ladder or top stair platform. For
gas blanketed tanks a “slot dipping device” shall be used to permit gauging and
sampling without venting gas to the atmosphere.

j. Tank venting devices shall be furnished.

(1) The number and size of normal and emergency vents provided shall be based on
the venting capacity obtained from API 2000 and shall be sufficient to prevent
any accumulation of pressure or vacuum (including that arising from inert gas
blanketing) exceeding the design conditions.

(2) When pressure vacuum vent valves are specified on the UOP Project
Specification the pressure vacuum vents shall have non-freezing features when
the ambient temperature can fall below 32°F (0°C) for more than 24 hours.

(3) When sizing vents on gas blanketed tanks, include as a sizing case the maximum
capacity of the gas blanketing control valves, assuming failure in the open
position.

(4) The vents shall be fitted with a mesh of open area adequate for the venting
requirement. The mesh shall be sufficiently course. A 2 x 2 x 18 standard wire
gauge (swg) mesh is recommended (the clean free area is approximately 81%).
When open vents are specified on the UOP Project Specification the vents shall
be of the gooseneck type and include a 2 x 2 x 18 swg mesh.

k. One 1-inch connection for thermowell installation shall be furnished as follows:

(1) Cone roof tanks: 3 feet (900 mm) above the bottom of the tank.
(2) Internal and external floating roof tanks: 2 feet (600 mm) above the bottom of the
tank.

l. Tank heating nozzles shall be furnished with a 9-inch (225 mm) long internal
projection, bevelled for field welding.

m. Jet mixer nozzles shall be furnished with a double flange, and oriented a minimum of
90 degrees from the pump suction nozzle.

n. Flame arresting devices shall not be provided on vent nozzles.

o. Scaffold cable supports shall be furnished on cone roof tanks.

p. When foam chambers are required in UOP Project Specification, foam chambers and
other required foam equipment shall be provided in accordance with NFPA 11.

Form QUA-03-4
Revision
Indication
UOP LLC STANDARD SPECIFICATION
25 East Algonquin Road
Des Plaines, Illinois 60017-5017, USA 3-16-7 Page 5 of 9
Note: The information in this document is confidential and the property of UOP LLC and must not be disclosed to others or reproduced in any manner or used for any purpose whatsoever without its written permission.

DATE STATUS APVD AUTHD

STORAGE TANKS - ATMOSPHERIC
08MAY09 Reaffirmed JLS RGP

3.2 Additional Requirements for External Floating Roof Tanks

a. Each roof compartment shall be provided with a minimum of one 20 inch ID manway.

b. In addition to roof compartment manways, roof manways for access into the tank shall
be as follows:

Tank Diameter Number and Size Spacing

Less than 100 feet (30 m) 1 – 24 inch ID -
Greater than or equal to 100 feet (30 m) 2 – 24 inch ID 180° apart

c. Automatic bleeder vents shall be furnished for venting air to or from the underside of
the floating roof bottom when filling or emptying the tank. Vents shall be sized for
the specified maximum filling and emptying rates.

d. Floating roofs shall be provided with drains to discharge rainwater, melted snow, any
condensation water, and fire fighting water to the outside of the tank. In addition to
normal roof drains, double deck roofs shall be fitted with emergency drains, capable of
discharging rainfall in excess of design directly into the product. Single deck roofs
shall not be fitted with emergency drains. Emergency roof drains shall be provided
with a slotted membrane fabric cover that covers at least 90% of the opening area.
One additional roof drain line over and above the number required to discharge the
design rainfall shall be provided. Floating roof drains shall be articulated pipe drains
fitted with flexible joints using antifriction bearings or using steel bellow flexible
joints. Flexible pipe can also be used in place of the articulated pipe drains. The
flexible pipe shall be made of stainless steel coated with a flexible resin resistant to the
tank’s contents and shall prevent the flexible pipe from floating, kinking, or catching
on any internal appurtenance or obstruction during operation, and from being crushed
by landing legs on the floor. Drain pipes shall be located so that they are not affected
by the forces generated by the flows from mixers and inlets. The roof drain lines shall
be valved at the tank and at the drain pit. The first (tank shell) valve shall be locked
open. Siphon type and conventional hose type drains are not acceptable as primary
roof drains.

e. Tanks shall be equipped with two seals, one above the other. The lower seal is the
primary seal. The upper seal is the secondary seal.

f. The primary seal shall be either a mechanical shoe seal or a liquid mounted seal.

(1) The accumulated area of gaps between the tank wall and a mechanical shoe seal or
liquid mounted seal shall not exceed 10.0 square inches (6452 mm2) per foot (305
mm) of tank diameter. The width of any portion of any gap shall not exceed 1-1/2
inches (38.1 mm).

(2) One end of a mechanical shoe shall extend into the stored liquid and the other end
shall extend a minimum vertical distance of 24 inches (610 mm) above the stored
liquid surface.

Form QUA-03-4
Revision
Indication
UOP LLC STANDARD SPECIFICATION
25 East Algonquin Road
Des Plaines, Illinois 60017-5017, USA 3-16-7 Page 6 of 9
Note: The information in this document is confidential and the property of UOP LLC and must not be disclosed to others or reproduced in any manner or used for any purpose whatsoever without its written permission.

DATE STATUS APVD AUTHD

STORAGE TANKS - ATMOSPHERIC
08MAY09 Reaffirmed JLS RGP

(3) There shall be no holes, tears, or other openings in the shoe, seal fabric, or seal
envelope.

g. The secondary seal shall be installed above the primary seal and shall be attached to
the tank roof so that it covers the space between the roof edge and the tank wall.

(1) The accumulated area between the tank wall and the secondary seal shall not
exceed 1.0 square inches (645 mm2) per foot (305 mm) of tank diameter. The
width of any gap shall not exceed 1/2 inch (12.7 mm).

(2) There shall be no holes, tears, or other openings in the seal or seal fabric.

(3) All seal components shall be unaffected by weather, extreme sunlight, tank liquid,
or tank vapor.

h. Each opening in the floating roof, except for automatic bleeder vents and rim space
vents, shall be provided with a projection below the liquid surface.

i. Each opening in the floating roof except for automatic bleeder valves, rim space vents,
roof drains, and leg sleeves, shall be equipped with a gasketed cover, seal, or lid with
no visible gaps.

j. Double-deck roofs shall be provided for tanks over 275 feet (84 meters) in diameter.

k. Rim space vents shall be furnished when mechanical shoe seals are employed. The
vents shall be capable of releasing any excess air or noncondensible vapors that may
enter the tank through the filling line. A minimum of two 4" rim space vents shall be
provided.

l. Adjustable roof supports for 30 inches (750 mm) of operating level and 72 inches
(1800 mm) of cleaning level shall be furnished. Their dimensions shall be adjusted for
clearance of internal equipment installed in the tank, e.g., tank heaters, mixers, etc.
Bearing plates shall be centered under each roof support.

m. Conductive parts of the floating roof shall be electrically interconnected and bonded to
the outer tank structure.

n. Centering and antirotation devices shall be provided to maintain the roof in a centered
position and to prevent its rotation.

o. Provide an 8 inch nominal combination gauge/sample well and guide pole assembly
equipped with a self closing, non-sparking gauge hatch. Locate adjacent to and
operable from the top stair platform.

p. Provide a float well for a level indicator gauge float. The level indicator gauge float
shall move freely to within 2 inches (50 mm) of the tank bottom in low operating
position.

q. Tank wind girders shall have a width of not less than 24 inches (600 mm).

Form QUA-03-4
Revision
Indication
UOP LLC STANDARD SPECIFICATION
25 East Algonquin Road
Des Plaines, Illinois 60017-5017, USA 3-16-7 Page 7 of 9
Note: The information in this document is confidential and the property of UOP LLC and must not be disclosed to others or reproduced in any manner or used for any purpose whatsoever without its written permission.

DATE STATUS APVD AUTHD

STORAGE TANKS - ATMOSPHERIC
08MAY09 Reaffirmed JLS RGP

r. Wind girders shall be used as walkways when tanks are equipped with an airfoam
injection system with multiple outlet foam chambers. Guard rails shall be provided.

s. A circular dam shall be provided for the purpose of retaining foam at the seal area in
accordance with NFPA 11. The dam height shall be determined by the height of the
secondary seal and shall be a minimum of 24 inches (600 mm) high, with dam at least
2" (51 mm) above top of secondary seal.

t. The deck of single-deck pontoon floating roofs shall be designed to be in contact with
the liquid during normal operation, regardless of service. The design shall
accommodate some deflection of the deck that may lead to pockets of trapped vapor
on hot days.

u. Rim and bulkhead plates shall have a minimum nominal thickness of 3/16 inch (5
mm).

v. Top decks of double-deck roofs and top decks of the pontoon portions of single-deck
roofs shall be designed, fabricated, and erected with a slope to minimize accumulation
of standing water (e.g., pooling adjacent to a rolling ladder’s track) when primary roof
drains are open.

w. Removable covers on roof openings except roof drains shall have gaskets or other
sealing means and shall be provided with at least a liquid-tight cover.

3.3 Additional Requirements for Internal Floating Roof Tanks

a. For tanks that are not nitrogen blanketed, the fixed roof may be either a cone roof or
an aluminum geodesic dome roof. Aluminum geodesic dome roof shall only be used
if aluminum and other dome roof materials are compatible with the stored liquid.

b. Nitrogen blanketed tanks shall have cone roof as fixed roof.

c. Open top bulk headed roofs shall not be used.

d. Provide manways in the fixed roof and floating roof for access to the tank interior as
follows:

Tank Diameter Number and Size Spacing

Less than 100 feet (30 m) 1 – 24 inch ID -
Greater than or equal to 100 feet (30 m) 2 – 24 inch ID 180° apart

e. Automatic bleeder vents shall be furnished for venting air or blanketing gas to or from
the underside of the floating roof deck when filling or emptying the tank. The vents
shall be sized for the specified maximum filling and emptying rates.

f. The tank fabricator shall determine the type and construction of seals. If a vapor
mounted type seal is used, a second seal shall be provided above it.

Form QUA-03-4
Revision
Indication
UOP LLC STANDARD SPECIFICATION
25 East Algonquin Road
Des Plaines, Illinois 60017-5017, USA 3-16-7 Page 8 of 9
Note: The information in this document is confidential and the property of UOP LLC and must not be disclosed to others or reproduced in any manner or used for any purpose whatsoever without its written permission.

DATE STATUS APVD AUTHD

STORAGE TANKS - ATMOSPHERIC
08MAY09 Reaffirmed JLS RGP

g. When the internal roof is of a design using floats (deck above liquid), roof drains shall
be provided and extended into the product a minimum of 4 inches (100 mm).

h. Provide an 8 inch combination gauge/sample well and guide pole assembly equipped
with a self closing non-sparking gauge hatch.

i. Provide a covered float well for a level indicator gauge float. The level indicator
gauge float shall move freely to within 2 inches (50 mm) of the tank bottom in the low
operating position.

j. Centering and antirotation devices shall be provided to maintain the roof in a centered
position and to prevent its rotation.

k. Conductive parts of internal floating roof shall be electrically interconnected and

bonded to the outer tank structure.

l. Provide a permanent ladder for access from the fixed roof to the floating cover. The
ladder shall be installed in a fixed roof manway.

m. Each opening in the floating roof except for automatic bleeder vents and rim space
vents shall be provided with a projection below the liquid surface.

n. Each opening in the cover, except for automatic bleeder vents, rim space vents, stub
drains, column wells, ladder wells, sample wells, and leg sleeves, shall be equipped
with a cover, seal, or lid with no visible gaps.

o. Except for tanks requiring gas blanketing, overflow slots shall be provided to prevent
over filling of the tank. They shall be sized for the maximum filling rate and for
ventilating the vapor space. The slots shall be covered with a corrosion resistant
course mesh screen and shall be provided with weather shields. A 2 x 2 x 18 standard
wire gauge (swg) mesh is recommended (the clean free area is approximately 81%).

p. A corrosion gauge for the floating roof shall be provided adjacent to the internal
ladder.

q. For tanks designed for a seal area fire, a circular dam shall be provided to retain foam
at the seal area in accordance with NFPA 11. The dam shall be a minimum of 12
inches (300 mm) high. In tanks that require double seals the dam height shall be
determined by the height of the secondary seal, with dam at least 2 inches (51 mm)
above top of secondary seal.

r. When UOP Project Specification indicates carbon steel or killed carbon steel as
material of construction, floating roof may be constructed of aluminum. If used,
aluminum shall conform to API-650, Appendix H. Contractor shall be responsible for
confirming that aluminum is compatible with stored liquid.

Form QUA-03-4
Revision
Indication
UOP LLC STANDARD SPECIFICATION
25 East Algonquin Road
Des Plaines, Illinois 60017-5017, USA 3-16-7 Page 9 of 9
Note: The information in this document is confidential and the property of UOP LLC and must not be disclosed to others or reproduced in any manner or used for any purpose whatsoever without its written permission.

DATE STATUS APVD AUTHD

STORAGE TANKS - ATMOSPHERIC
08MAY09 Reaffirmed JLS RGP

3.4 Exterior Stairways and Ladders:

a. Tanks shall be provided with access to the roof.

b. A spiral stairway shall be provided for all tanks unless tank is too small to
accommodate it. Small tanks shall be provided with a ladder.

c. Spiral stairways shall be 30" (750 mm) wide.

d. For External Floating Roof Tanks, a top platform with railing shall be provided from
the top of the stairway to the gauge well and roof ladder. Intermediate landings shall
be provided at 33 feet (10 meters) vertical intervals.

e. For Cone Roof and Internal Floating Roof Tanks, a platform shall be provided at the
top of the stairway and the stair railing shall continue along the edge of the roof for a
distance of 6 feet (1.8 meters) on each side of the platform. Intermediate landings
shall be provided at 33 feet (10 meters) vertical intervals.

f. Handrails shall extend at least 4 feet (1.2 meters) beyond any fitting, appurtenance, or
gas blanketing control valve manifold that requires periodic maintenance and is within
3 feet - 6 inches (1050 mm) of the roof edge, regardless of proximity to the gauge
platform.

g. External floating roof tanks shall have, and be proportioned to accommodate, rolling
stairs from the top of the tank to the floating roof. Stairs shall have flat self-leveling
treads. The rolling stairs shall be designed to resist wind loading and wind induced
vibration. They shall be fitted with anti-derailment devices, which are adequately
designed for the maximum wind speed without locking or causing permanent
distortion.

Form QUA-03-4