Efficiency of LSD related to RBD

For p treatments, we have the following ANOVA for LSD

ANOVA for LSD

SV df SS MSS E(MSS)
𝑝 𝑝
Row p-1 𝑀𝑆𝑅 𝑝
𝑆𝑆𝑅 = 𝑝 ∑(𝑦̅𝑖.. − 𝑦̅… )2 𝜎2 + ∑ 𝛼𝑖2
(𝑝 − 1)
𝑖=1 𝑖=1
𝑝 𝑝
Column p-1
2
𝑀𝑆𝐶 𝑝
𝑆𝑆𝐶 = 𝑝 ∑(𝑦̅.𝑗. − 𝑦̅… ) 𝜎2 + ∑ 𝛽𝑗2
(𝑝 − 1)
𝑗=1 𝑗=1
𝑝 𝑝
Treatment p-1 𝑀𝑆𝑇𝑟 𝑝
𝑆𝑆𝑇𝑟 = 𝑝 ∑(𝑦̅..𝑘 − 𝑦̅… )2 𝜎2 + ∑ 𝜏𝑘2
(𝑝 − 1)
𝑖=1 𝑘=1
𝑝
Error (𝑝 − 2)(𝑝 − 1)
2
𝑀𝑆𝐸 𝜎2
𝑆𝑆𝐸 = ∑ (𝑦𝑖𝑗𝑘 − 𝑦̅𝑖.. − 𝑦̅.𝑗. − 𝑦̅..𝑘 + 2𝑦̅… )
𝑖,𝑗,𝑘=1
2 𝑝
Total 𝑝 −1
𝑆𝑆𝑇 = ∑ (𝑦𝑖𝑗𝑘 − 𝑦̅… )2
𝑖,𝑗,𝑘=1

If the same experiment is conducted for RBD then the ANOVA for RBD is given below

ANOVA for RBD

SV df SS MSS E(MSS)
𝑝
Treatment p-1 𝑀𝑆𝑡𝑟 ′2
𝑝 ∑𝑝𝑖=1 𝜏𝑖 2
𝑆𝑆𝑇𝑟 = 𝑝 ∑[𝑦̅𝑖. − 𝑦̅.. ]2 𝜎 +
𝑝−1
𝑖=1
𝑝
Block p-1
2
𝑀𝑆𝐵 𝑝 ∑𝑝𝑗=1 𝛽𝑗 2
′2
𝑆𝑆𝐵 = 𝑝 ∑[𝑦
̅̅̅
.𝑗 − 𝑦
̅.. ] 𝜎 +
𝑝−1
𝑗=1
𝑝
Error (𝑝 − 1)2 2 𝑀𝑆𝐸 𝜎′
2

𝑆𝑆𝐸 = ∑ (𝑦𝑖𝑗 − 𝑦̅ 𝑖. − 𝑦̅ .𝑗 + 𝑦̅ .. )
𝑖,𝑗=1
𝑝
Total 𝑝2 − 1
𝑆𝑆𝑇 = ∑ (𝑦𝑖𝑗 − 𝑦̅.. )2
𝑖,𝑗=1

Since the total sum of squares in each case remain same, so we get from the above two tables
 𝑝 𝑝 𝑝
𝑝 𝑝 𝑝
(𝑝 − 1) (𝜎 2 + ∑ 𝛼𝑖2 ) + (𝑝 − 1) (𝜎 2 + ∑ 𝛽𝑗 2 ) + (𝑝 − 1) (𝜎 2 + ∑ 𝜏𝑘 2 )
(𝑝 − 1) (𝑝 − 1) (𝑝 − 1)
𝑖=1 𝑗=1 𝑘=1
2
+ (𝑝 − 1)(𝑝 − 2)𝜎
𝑝 ∑𝑝𝑘=1 𝜏𝑘 2 𝑝 ∑𝑝𝑗=1 𝛽𝑗 2
′2 ′ 2 2
= (𝑝 − 1) (𝜎 + ) + (𝑝 − 1) (𝜎 + ) + (𝑝 − 1)2 𝜎 ′
𝑝−1 𝑝−1

𝑝 𝑝 𝑝
𝑝 𝑝 𝑝
𝑂𝑅 (𝜎 +2
∑ 𝛼𝑖2 ) + (𝜎 2 + ∑ 𝛽𝑗 2 ) + (𝜎 2 + ∑ 𝜏𝑘 2 ) + (𝑝 − 2)𝜎 2
(𝑝 − 1) (𝑝 − 1) (𝑝 − 1)
𝑖=1 𝑗=1 𝑘=1

2 𝑝 ∑𝑝𝑘=1 𝜏𝑘 2 2
𝑝 ∑𝑝𝑗=1 𝛽𝑗 2 2
= (𝜎 ′ + ) + (𝜎 ′ + ) + (𝑝 − 1)𝜎 ′
𝑝−1 𝑝−1

𝑝
𝑝 2
𝑂𝑅 𝜎 2 (3
+ 𝑝 − 2) + ∑ 𝛼𝑖2 = 𝜎 ′ (2 + 𝑝 − 1)
(𝑝 − 1)
𝑖=1

𝑝
𝑝 2
𝑂𝑅 𝜎 2 (𝑝 + 1) + ∑ 𝛼𝑖2 = 𝜎 ′ (𝑝 + 1)
(𝑝 − 1)
𝑖=1

2 𝑝
𝜎′ 𝑝 1
𝑂𝑅 2 = 1 + ( 2 ∑ 𝛼𝑖2 ) 2 (𝑖)
𝜎 (𝑝 − 1) 𝜎
𝑖=1

The efficiency of LSD related to RBD is given by the ratio of relative amount of precision of the two
designs

Precision of LSD =

1
𝜎2

Precision of RBD =

1
𝜎 ′2
Hence, for the same experiment, the efficiency of LSD related to RBD is given by

1 2
𝜎 2 𝜎′
𝐸= = 2
1 𝜎
′ 2
𝜎
For LSD E(𝑀𝑆𝐸 ) = 𝜎 2
and
𝑝
𝑝
𝐸(𝑀𝑆𝑅 − 𝑀𝑆𝐸 ) = ∑ 𝛼𝑖2
(𝑝 − 1)
𝑖=1

OR
𝑝

(𝑝 − 1)𝐸(𝑀𝑆𝑅 − 𝑀𝑆𝐸 ) = 𝑝 ∑ 𝛼𝑖2

𝑖=1

i.e. 𝑀𝑆𝐸 and (𝑝 − 1)(𝑀𝑆𝑅 − 𝑀𝑆𝐸 ) is an unbiased estimator of 𝜎 2 and 𝑝 ∑𝑝𝑖=1 𝛼𝑖2 respectively.

Hence from eq(i) we have

(𝑝 − 1)(𝑀𝑆𝑅 − 𝑀𝑆𝐸 ) 1 (𝑝 + 1)𝑀𝑆𝐸 + (𝑀𝑆𝑅 − 𝑀𝑆𝐸 ) (𝑀𝑆𝑅 + 𝑝𝑀𝑆𝐸 )

𝐸 = 1+( ) = =
(𝑝2 − 1) 𝑀𝑆𝐸 (𝑝 + 1)𝑀𝑆𝐸 (𝑝 + 1)𝑀𝑆𝐸

Which is the required efficiency of LSD related to RBD

Efficiency of LSD related to CRD

The ANOVA if the experiment is conducted as a CRD as

ANOVA for CRD

SV df SS MSS E(MSS)
Treatment p-1 𝑆𝑆𝑇𝑟 𝑀𝑆𝑡𝑟 ′2
𝑝 ∑𝑝𝑖=1 𝜏𝑖 2
𝜎 +
𝑝−1
𝑝(𝑝 − 1) 2
Error 𝑆𝑆𝐸 𝑀𝑆𝐸 𝜎′
Total 𝑝2 − 1 𝑆𝑆𝑇

Since the same experiment is performed for both CRD and LSD as the SST remains unchanged so
from the above two tables (ANOVA for LSD and CRD) we may write
𝑝 𝑝 𝑝
𝑝 𝑝 𝑝
2
(𝑝 − 1) (𝜎 + ∑ 𝛼𝑖2 ) + (𝑝 − 1) (𝜎 2 + ∑ 𝛽𝑗 2 ) + (𝑝 − 1) (𝜎 2 + ∑ 𝜏𝑘 2 )
(𝑝 − 1) (𝑝 − 1) (𝑝 − 1)
𝑖=1 𝑗=1 𝑘=1

2 𝑝 ∑𝑝𝑖=1 𝜏𝑘 2 2
+ (𝑝 − 1)(𝑝 − 2)𝜎 2 = (𝑝 − 1) (𝜎 ′ + ) + 𝑝(𝑝 − 1)𝜎 ′
𝑝−1
 𝑝 𝑝 𝑝
𝑝 𝑝 𝑝
(𝜎 2 + ∑ 𝛼𝑖2 ) + (𝜎 2 + ∑ 𝛽𝑗 2 ) + (𝜎 2 + ∑ 𝜏𝑘 2 ) + (𝑝 − 2)𝜎 2
(𝑝 − 1) (𝑝 − 1) (𝑝 − 1)
𝑖=1 𝑗=1 𝑘=1

2 𝑝 ∑𝑝𝑘=1 𝜏𝑘 2 2
= (𝜎 ′ + ) + 𝑝𝜎 ′
𝑝−1

𝑝 𝑝
𝑝 2
𝑂𝑅 𝜎 2 (3 + 𝑝 − 2) + (∑ 𝛼𝑖2 + ∑ 𝛽𝑗 2 ) = 𝜎 ′ (𝑝 + 1)
(𝑝 − 1)
𝑖=1 𝑗=1

𝑝
𝑝 2
𝑂𝑅 𝜎 2 (𝑝 + 1) + ∑ 𝛼𝑖2 = 𝜎 ′ (𝑝 + 1)
(𝑝 − 1)
𝑖=1

2 𝑝 𝑝
𝜎′ 𝑝 1
𝑂𝑅 2 = 1 + 2 (∑ 𝛼𝑖2 + ∑ 𝛽𝑗 2 ) 2
𝜎 (𝑝 − 1) 𝜎
𝑖=1 𝑗=1

𝑝 𝑝
For LSD E(𝑀𝑆𝐸 ) = 𝜎 2 , 𝐸(𝑀𝑆𝑅 − 𝑀𝑆𝐸 ) = ∑𝑝𝑖=1 𝛼𝑖2 and 𝐸(𝑀𝑆𝐶 − 𝑀𝑆𝐸 ) = ∑𝑝𝑗=1 𝛽𝑗2
(𝑝−1) (𝑝−1)

OR
2
𝜎′ 1 1 (𝑀𝑆𝑅 + 𝑀𝑆𝐶 ) + (𝑝 − 1)𝑀𝑆𝐸
𝐸 = 2 =1+ (𝑀𝑆𝑅 − 𝑀𝑆𝐸 + 𝑀𝑆𝐶 − 𝑀𝑆𝐸 ) =
𝜎 (𝑝 + 1) 𝑀𝑆𝐸 (𝑝 + 1)𝑀𝑆𝐸

Which is the required efficiency of LSD related to CRD