1phase-half wave uncontrolled rectifier:

RL – load R–load with Capacitor filter

↓ ↓
𝑉𝑜 (𝜔𝑡)=
𝑉𝑚 𝛽 𝑉𝑚
𝑉𝑎𝑣𝑔(𝑑𝑐) = ∫ sin(𝜔𝑡) 𝑑𝜔𝑡 = (1 − cos(𝛽)) (ON): 𝑉𝑚 sin (𝜔𝑡)
2𝜋 0 2𝜋 (OFF): 𝑉𝑚 sin (𝜔𝑡) 𝑒 −(𝜔𝑡−𝜃)/𝜔𝑅𝐶
𝜃 = − tan−1(𝜔𝑅𝐶) + 𝜋
sin(𝛽 − 𝜃) + sin(𝜃) 𝑒 −𝛽/𝜔𝜏 = 0 −(2𝜋+𝛼−𝜃)/𝜔𝑅𝐶
sin(𝛼) − sin(𝜃) 𝑒 =0
𝑖𝑐,𝑝𝑒𝑎𝑘 = 𝜔𝐶𝑉𝑚 cos (𝛼)
𝑉𝑚 −𝑡/𝜏
𝑖(𝜔𝑡) = 𝑧
[sin(𝜔𝑡 − 𝜃) + sin(𝜃) 𝑒 ] sin (𝛼)
𝑖𝐷,𝑝𝑒𝑎𝑘 = 𝑉𝑚 [ωC cos(𝛼) +
𝑅
𝑉𝑟𝑚𝑠 =
1 𝛽 2 𝑟𝑖𝑝𝑝𝑙𝑒𝑠 →
√ ∫ (𝑉 sin(𝜔𝑡)) 2 𝑑𝜔𝑡=√𝑉𝑚 (𝛽 1
− 2 sin (2𝛽)) 2𝜋𝑉𝑚 𝑉𝑚
2𝜋 0 𝑚 4𝜋 ∆𝑉𝑜 = 𝑉𝑚 (1-sin(𝛼)) , ∆𝑉𝑜 = =
𝜔𝑅𝐶 𝑓𝑅𝐶

𝛼 = sin−1(𝐸/𝑉𝑚 )
2
𝑉𝑚 1 𝛼 𝑉𝑚2 1 𝛼 1 1 𝛼
𝑉𝑜 = cos(𝛼) + 𝐸( + ) 𝑉𝑟𝑚𝑠 = √ [ − + ( sin (2𝛼))] + 𝐸 2 ( + )
𝜋 2 𝜋 𝜋 2 𝜋 2𝜋 2 𝜋
R load +back
emf → 𝐼𝑟𝑚𝑠 =
𝑉𝑚 𝐸 1 𝛼
𝐼𝑜 = cos(𝛼) + ( + ) 1 𝑉𝑚2 2𝑉𝑚 𝐸 𝜋−𝛼 𝑉𝑚2 1 𝛼
𝑅𝜋 𝑅 2 𝜋 √ sin 𝛼 − sin ( ) + ( + 𝐸2) ( − )
𝑅 4𝜋 𝜋 2 2 2 2𝜋

Poly phase uncontrolled rectifier:

Half-wave 3 phase Full-wave 3 phase Full-wave 6 phase Star
↓ ↓ ↓
3√3𝑉𝑚
𝑉𝑜 = = 0.827𝑉𝑚 𝑉𝑟𝑚𝑠 = 1.655𝑉𝑚
2𝜋 𝐼𝑟𝑚𝑠 = 𝑉𝑟𝑚𝑠 /𝑅 𝑉𝑜 = 0.955𝑉𝑚
𝑉𝑟𝑚𝑠 = 0.84𝑉𝑚 3√3𝑉𝑚
𝑉𝑜 = = 1.654𝑉𝑚 𝐼𝐷,𝑟𝑚𝑠 = 0.552𝐼𝑚 𝑉𝑟𝑚𝑠 = 0.956𝑉𝑚
𝐼𝑎𝑣𝑔 𝜋
𝐼𝐷,𝑎𝑣𝑔 = 𝐼𝑠,𝑎𝑣𝑔 = 𝐼𝑎𝑣𝑔 𝐼𝑟𝑚𝑠
3 𝐼𝐷,𝑎𝑣𝑔 = 2 𝐼𝐷,𝑟𝑚𝑠 = 𝐼𝑠,𝑟𝑚𝑠 =
𝐼𝑟𝑚𝑠 𝑙𝑜𝑎𝑑 3 𝐼𝑠,𝑟𝑚𝑠 = √ 𝐼𝑟𝑚𝑠 √3
𝐼𝐷,𝑟𝑚𝑠 = 𝐼𝑠,𝑟𝑚𝑠 = = 0.485𝐼𝑚 3
√3

𝑉𝑟𝑚𝑠 𝑃𝑜
𝐹𝐹 = 2 − 𝑉2
𝑉𝑎𝑐 = √𝑉𝑟𝑚𝑠
𝑉𝑜 𝑜 𝜂=
𝑅𝐹 = √𝐹𝐹 2 − 1 = 𝑃𝑎𝑐
𝑉𝑚 =√2𝑉𝑟𝑚𝑠 𝑃𝑎𝑐 𝑃𝑎𝑐(𝑙𝑜𝑎𝑑)
𝐼𝑠,𝑝𝑒𝑎𝑘 2 − 𝑉 2 /𝑉
√𝑉𝑟𝑚𝑠 𝑃𝑑𝑐
𝐶𝐹 = 𝑜 𝑜 𝑇. 𝑈. 𝐹 = 𝑃𝐹 = =
𝐼𝑠,𝑟𝑚𝑠 𝑉𝑠 𝐼𝑠 𝑆 𝑉𝑟𝑚𝑠 𝐼𝑟𝑚𝑠(𝑠𝑜𝑢𝑟𝑐𝑒)