ARLYN M.

ALQUIZA MAED 101

1. What is Descriptive Research?

DESCRIPTIVE RESEARCH is a research that where in it is an appropriate
choice when the research aim is to identify characteristics, frequencies, trends, and
categories. This kind of research is very useful when a researcher is not much is
known yet about the topic or problem he/she wants to study. Before a researcher
can do research why something happens, he/she need to understand how, when
and where it happens.
 How it is differ in an experimental research?

 Purpose- a descriptive research describes a certain characteristics of a

research while the experimental research manipulates the variables or the
research subject of a study.

 Paradigm- When we say descriptive research the paradigm is describing

something as a “research paradigm” means that it is an established model,
accepted by a substantial number of people in a research community while
an experimental research the paradigm is a well-established paradigm.

 Participants- In Descriptive research the study designed to depict

the participants in an accurate way. The three main ways to collect this
information are: Observational, defined as a method of viewing and
recording the participants. Case study, defined as an in-depth study of an
individual or group of individuals. The study use random selection to select
participant. While in experimental research study, the Random
Selection Experiment Method used and researchers need to select a
representative sample from a larger population, they often utilize a method
known as random selection. In this selection process, each member of a
group stands an equal chance of being chosen as a participant in the study.

 Instrumentation- In Descriptive research, before a researcher collect any

data he/she need to design research instruments that is the tools which
will used to collect the data. The tools include Questionnaire, Interview,
 Observation and Reading. In Experimental research , the research use
measurement device such as survey, test, questionnaire.

 Data Gathering precedure- In Descriptive research there are 3 main data

collection methods namely; observational method, case study method, and
survey research. While in Experiments Research are carried out
for researchers to collect data. These data then can be analysed or processed
to produce meaningful conclusions. There are four major ways to collect
data: surveys, observation, computer simulation and experiment.

 Data analysis- In descriptive research, Descriptive statistics are used to

describe the basic features of the data in a study. They provide simple
summaries about the sample and the measures. Together with simple
graphics analysis, they form the basis of virtually every
quantitative analysis of data. While in Experimental research , the
experimentation often generates multiple measurements of the same thing,
i.e. replicate measurements, and these measurements are subject to error.
Statistical analysis can be used to summarize those observations by
estimating the average, which provides an estimate of the true mean.

2. What is meant by validity and reliability of experimental designs?

When we say validity findings are true and correct, the accuracy of a measure. If
research has high validity, that means it produces results that correspond to real
properties, characteristics, and variations in the physical or social world. While
reliability it means that it is the consistency of the measure. If the same result can
be consistently achieved by using the same methods under the same circumstances,
the measurement is considered reliable. Both about how well a method measures
something in an experimental research. A valid measurement is generally reliable:
if a test produces accurate results, they should be reproducible.