College of Engineering

Mech. Eng. Dept.

Subject: Strength of Materials
Second Class Lecturer: Sadiq Muhsin Almosawy

Example1:- Due to the applied loading, the element at point A on the solid cylinder is
subjected to the state of stress shown. Determine the principal stresses acting at this point.

σx=-12 ksi , σy=0 , xy=-6 ksi

 x  y  12  0 12 ksi
c= =  6 ksi
2 2
 x  y  12  0 2
R= ( ) 2   xy2  ( )  (6) 2 =8.485 ksi 6 ksi
2 2
Draw Mohr’s circle

A(-12,-6) , B(0,6)

B
2

D C
2 p2
2 p1
1

 1  R  C =8.485-6=2.485 ksi A
 2  ( R  C ) =-(8.485+6)=-14.485 ksi

 x  y 12  0
CD  =  6 ksi
2 2
AD 6
tan 2 p2   1
CD 6
2 p2  45  p2  22.5
y
 p  90  22.5  67.5
1 2.485 ksi

x

22.5
x
14.485 ksi

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 College of Engineering
Mech. Eng. Dept.
Subject: Strength of Materials
Second Class Lecturer: Sadiq Muhsin Almosawy

Example2:- An element in plane stress at the surface of a large machine is subjected to

stresses shown below. Using Mohr’s circle determine the following quantities a) the
stresses acting on element inclined at an angle   40 b) the principal stresses and c) the
maximum shear stress.
5 ksi
σx=15 ksi , σy=5 ksi , xy=4 ksi
 x  y 15  5 4 ksi
c= =  10 ksi 15 ksi
2 2
 x  y 15  5 2
R= ( ) 2   xy2  ( )  (4) 2 =6.403 ksi
2 2
A(15,4) , B(5,-4)
Draw Mohr’s circle
 x  y
15  5
CD  = 5 ksi
2 2 P
A
AD 4
tan 2 p1   2
CD 5
80
2 p1  38.66 
2 2 p1
 p  19.33 E C
E
1

 p  90  19.33  109.33

2
2 p2 D

2=180-80-38.66=61.34 1
 x  C  CE  10  6.403 cos 61.34  6.929 ksi
 y  C  CE   10  6.403 cos 61.34  13.07 ksi B
P 
 xy  PE  6.403sin 61.34  5.618 ksi

y 5.618 ksi x
6.929 ksi
13.07 ksi
40
x

y

3.597 ksi
 1  R  C =10+6.403=16.403 ksi
 2  C  R =10-6.403=3.597 ksi x
19.33
x
16.403 ksi
 max  R  6.403 ksi

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College of Engineering
Mech. Eng. Dept.
Subject: Strength of Materials
Second Class Lecturer: Sadiq Muhsin Almosawy

Theories of Failure:-

1. Ductile Materials
a) Maximum Shear Stress Theory
1   Y
 1 ,  2 have same signs. (Rankine)
 2  Y

1   2   Y  1 ,  2 have opposite signs.(Guest-Tresca)

b) Maximum Principal Strain Theory

 1   2   3   Y (Saint-Venant)

c) Maximum Shear Strain Energy Per Unit Volume (Distortion Energy

Theory)
For the case of triaxial stress
1
2
 
( 1   2 ) 2  ( 2   3 ) 2  ( 3   1 ) 2   Y2 (Maxwell-Huber-Von Mises)
For the case of plane or biaxial stress
 12   1 2   22   Y2
d) Total Strain Energy Per Unit Volume
 12   22   32  2 ( 1 2   2 3   3 1 )   Y2 (Haigh)

2. Brittle Materials
a) Maximum Normal Stress Theory
If the material is subjected to plane stress.
 1   ult
 2   ult

93
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College of Engineering
Mech. Eng. Dept.
Subject: Strength of Materials
Second Class Lecturer: Sadiq Muhsin Almosawy

Example1:- The steel pipe shown below has an inner diameter of 60 mm and an outer
diameter of 80 mm. If it is subjected to a torsional moment of 8 KN.m and a bending
moment of 3.5 KN.m, determine if these loadings cause failure as defined by the
maximum distortion energy theory. The yield stress for the steel found from a tension test
is σY=250 MPa.

 12   1 2   22 ?  Y2

 Point A
Tr 8  40  10 3
A    116.41 MPa
J  3 4 3 4
[(40  10 )  (30  10 ) ]
2

My 3.5  40  10 3
A    101.859 MPa
I  3 4 3 4
[(40  10 )  (30  10 ) ]
4

116.41 MPa

σx=-101.859 MPa , σy=0 , xy=-116.41 MPa 101.859 MPa

 x  y  101.859  0
c= =  50.9295 MPa
2 2
 x  y  101.859  0 2
R= ( ) 2   xy2  ( )  (116.41) 2 =127.063 MPa
2 2
A(-101.859,-116.41) , B(0,116.41)
Draw Mohr’s circle

 1  R  C =127.063-50.9295=76.1335 MPa
2 B
 2  ( R  C ) =-(127.063+50.9295)
C
=-177.9925 MPa
A 1
(76.1335)2-

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College of Engineering
Mech. Eng. Dept.
Subject: Strength of Materials
Second Class Lecturer: Sadiq Muhsin Almosawy

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College of Engineering
Mech. Eng. Dept.
Subject: Strength of Materials
Second Class Lecturer: Sadiq Muhsin Almosawy

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