English Lesson

Welcome to class!
PARTS OF SPEECH
NOUN
PRONOUN
VERB
ADJECTIVE
ADVERB
PREPOSITION
CONJUCTION
INTERJECTION
WHAT IS PARTS OF SPEECH ?
There are 8 basic types of words
and they are called " PARTS OF
SPEECH"
All words belong to categories
called word classes (or parts of
speech) according to the part
they play in a sentence. The main
word classes in English are listed
below.
 NOUN:- Name of a person, animal, place,
thing and abstract idea.
Look at the Examples

Example 1 Example 2 Example 3

Last year our Portia White was an According to
neighbours bought a opera singer. Plutarch, the library
boat. at Alexandria was
destroyed.
 PRONOUN:- Use it to replace a noun
in order to make your
sentences less repetitive.
TYPES OF PRONOUNS
Personal- I, you, she, he, it, we, they…
Demonstrative- this, these, that, those…
Interrogative- what, who, whom, which…
Indefinite- all, another, anybody, each, many, none…
Relative- who, whom, that, which
Reflexive- myself, yourself, herself, himself…
Possessive- mine, yours, his, hers, its, ours, theirs
Object- me, you, her, him, us, them…
 Mike loves to study. Mike is good at skating.
Instead of Mike we can use ' he '
Mike loves to study. He is good at skating.
The word ' he ' takes the place of Mike and is called pronoun .

Example 1 Example 2 Example 3

She was upset with One person shouted Did you see the
herself for failing it. "That brown bag painting that I did for
belongs to me". the art fair at our
school?
VERB:-Express actions, events or states
of being.
Expressing
Action State Of Being EVENT
EXAMPLE 1 EXAMPLE 2 EXAMPLES 3
Dracula Smith has been The teacher
bites his here for a week. taught the 1st
victims in lesson .
the neck.
 ADJECTIVE:-An adjective is a word that describes
a noun.
There are two kinds of adjectives: attributive
and predicative.
Look at the Examples
Attributive Examples Predicative
The attributive A wonderful old The predicative is
stands next to a Italian clock. [opinion
when a verb
noun and describes – age – origin]
separates it from the
it. The usual place A big square blue
box. [size – shape – noun or pronoun it
of the adjective is in describes.
color]
front of the noun. Some new slim Example:The crowd
Example: The black French trousers. [age was happy.
cat climbed a tree. – shape – origin]
Can you identify the adjectives ?
1.The cake baking in the oven made the whole house fragrant.
a. cake
b. oven
c. fragrant
2. The climber dangled in midair, held by a frail rope.
a. dangled
b. midair
c. frail
3. The puppy flopped around on the slippery floor.
a. puppy
b. around
c. slippery
4. The hot coals made a fizzle as they hit the water.
a. hot
b. fizzle
c. water
Is everything
clear so far?
 ADVERB:-
Modifies a verb, an adjective, another
adverb, a phrase or a clause. It Indicates
manner, time, place, cause or degree and
answers questions such as how, when, where
and how much.
Some adverbs can be identified by the suffix
ly but must of them must be identified by
untangling the grammatical relationships
within the sentence or clause as a whole.
 Look at the Illustrations
CAN YOU IDENTIFY THE ADVERBS?
The woman quickly made the clothes.
We urged him to dial the number more carefully.
Unfortunately, the bank closed at three today.
Finally, the doors to the stadium were opened.
They celebrate the festival annually.
American cuisine is actually quite diverse.
Everyone knows that fried chicken is practically a
staple food of the south in the USA.
 PREPOSITION:-
Links nouns, pronouns and phrases to other
words in a sentence. The word or phrase that the
preposition introduces is called the object of the
preposition.
The preposition indicates the temporal, spatial or
logical relationship of its object with the rest of
the sentence.
EXAMPLES:-
The book is on the table.
The book is under the table.
She reads the book during class.
 Look at the Examples
Can you identify the prepositions ?

The children climbed the mountain without

fear.
There was rejoicing throughout the land
when the government was defeated.
The dog is hiding under the porch because it
knows it will be punished for chewing up a
pair of shoes.
The book is leaning against the table.
 CONJUCTION
You use conjunctions to link words, phrases and
clauses.
I ate the pizza and the pasta.
Call your mother when you are ready.
Co-ordinating conjunctions:-
And, but, for, or, so, yet, nor, Use them to join
individual words, phrases and clauses.
Subordinating conjunctions, introduce a
dependent clause and indicate the nature of the
relationship among the independent clauses
and the dependent clauses. After, although, as,
because, before, how, if once, since, than,
though, till, until, whether, while…
Identify the Conjuctions:-
Lilacs and violets are usually purple.
Daniel’s uncle claim that he spent most of his
youth dancing on rooftops and swallowing
goldfish.
After she had learned to drive, Alice felt more
independent.
If the paper work arrives on time, your check
will be mailed on Tuesday.
Gerald had to begin his thesis over again
when his computer crashed.
INTERJECTION
Is a word added
to a sentence to CAN YOU IDENTIFY THE
convey emotion. INTERJECTIONS?
1. Ouch, that hurt!
It’s not
2. Oh no, I forgot that the
grammatically
exam was today!
related to any
3. I heard one guy say to
other part of the
another guy “he has a
sentence.
car, eh?”
Usually it is
followed by "!".
 EXERCISES
1. T h e c l o w n c h a s e d a dog around the ring .
A) verb b) noun c ) preposition d ) adverb

2. Yikes ! I’m late for class .

A ) noun b ) conjunction c ) interjection

3. Mr . Frederic angrily stamped out the fire .

A ) verb b ) noun c ) adjective d ) adverb

4. What was I thinking of ?

A ) noun b ) verb c ) adverb d ) pronoun

5. The manager confidently made his

presentation to the board of directors .

A ) verb b ) adverb c ) adjective )
d noun
 ENGLISH
WEEKLY HOMEWORK
Classify the words in these sentenses:-

1. Exciting new products and effective

marketing strategies will guarantee
the company’s success.
2. Dust covered every surface in the
locked bedroom.
3. Small children often insist that they
can do it by themselves.
4. Hawaii is the only state in the United
States that was an independent
country.
5. Anyone that would like to enter pays
a modest fee.
6. People can attend a farm animal
auction at the fair.
 Thank you for
joining today's class.