g8 English Las Finalized

8
ENGLISH
FIRST QUARTER
LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEETS

Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
COPYRIGHT PAGE
Learning Activity Sheet in ENGLISH
(Grade 8)
Copyright © 2020
DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
Regional Office No. 02 (Cagayan Valley)
Regional Government Center, Carig Sur, Tuguegarao City, 3500
“No copy of this material shall subsist in any work of the Government of the Philippines. However,
prior approval of the government agency or office wherein the work is created shall be necessary
for exploitation of such work for profit.”
This material has been developed for the implementation of K to 12 Curriculum through the
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purposes and the source must be acknowledged. Derivatives of the work including creating an
edited version, an enhancement of supplementary work are permitted provided all original works
are acknowledged and the copyright is attributed. No work may be derived from this material for
commercial purposes and profit.
Consultants:
Regional Director : ESTELA L. CARIÑO, EdD., CESO IV
Assistant Regional Director : RHODA T. RAZON, EdD., CESO V
Schools Division Superintendent : REYNANTE Z. CALIGUIRAN, PhD
Asst. Schools Division Superintendent: JESUS B. MAGGAY
Chief Education Supervisor, CLMD : OCTAVIO V. CABASAG, PhD
Chief Education Supervisor, CID : ESTELA S. CABARO, PhD
Development Team
Writers :ELAINE P.FURIGAY; CARINA V. PELAGIO; JOYCE S. LABUGUEN;
MICHAEL JOHN ANTHONY R. FUGABAN; VICTORIA T. AQUINO;
CAROL A. CALLAPAG; MILDRED ROSE D. MAIZTEGUI; SHER-ANNE
GUZMAN, CHAROLF CARANGUIAN
Content Editors : EMMA S. DUMAYAG; JENIFER B. OLIQUIANO
Focal Persons : JOSEPHINE I. GAMMAD
JESSICA T. CASTANEDA, PhD
RONIE F. TEJANO, RIZALINO G. CARONAN
RIZALINO G. CARONAN
Printed by: DepEd Regional Office No. 02
_____________________________________________
Regional Center, Carig Sur, Tuguegarao City
Address: Regional Government Center, Carig Sur, Tuguegarao City, 3500

Telephone Nos.: (078) 304-3855; (078) 396-9728
Email Address: region2@deped.gov.ph Website: region2.deped.gov.ph
Note: Practice Personal Hygiene Protocols at all times. i

Table of Contents
Page
Compentency
number
Nasasabi ang batayang impormasyon tungkol
sa sarili: pangalan, magulang, kaarawan, edad,
tirahan, paaralan, iba pang pagkakakilanlan at
mga katangian bilang Pilipino ..................... 1
Nailalarawan ang pansariling pangangailan:
pagkain, kasuotan at iba pa at mithiin para sa
Pilipinas ..................... 5
*Natutukoy ang mga mahahalagang
pangyayari at pagbabago sa buhay simula
isilang hanggang sa kasalukuyang edad gamit
ang mga
larawan at timeline ..................... 10
* Nakapaghihinuha ng konsepto ng
pagpapatuloy at pagbabago sa
pamamagitan ng pagsasaayos ng mgalarawan
ayon sa pagkakasunodsunod ..................... 15
Naihahambing ang sariling kwento o karanasan
sa buhay sa kwento at
karanasan ng mga kamag-aral ibang
miyembro ng pamilygay ng mga
kapatid, mga magulang (noong sila ay
nasa parehong edad), mga pinsan, at
iba pa; o mga kapitbahay ..................... 23
Naipagmamalaki ang sariling pangarap o
ninanais sa pamamagitan ng mga malikhaing
pamamamaraan ..................... 25
Note: Practice Personal Hygiene Protocols at all times. ii

ENGLISH 8
Name of Learner : _________________________ Grade Level : ______________

Section : ________________________________ Date : ____________________
LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET

Determining Meaning of Words and Expressions
that Reflect Local Culture through Context Clues
Background Information for Learners
Context clues are hints found within a sentence, paragraph, or passage that a reader can
use to understand the meanings of new or unfamiliar words. Learning the meaning of a word
through its use in a sentence or paragraph is the most practical way to build vocabulary, since
a dictionary is not always available when a reader encounters an unknown word.
Even without a dictionary, you can determine the meaning of a new or unfamiliar word
through the clues or hints provided by the surrounding words and as aided by your prior
knowledge. In other words, how the word is used in context helps you understand it thereby
getting its meaning.
Authors also tend to use words or expressions that reflect the local culture usually in
personal narratives, stories, and poems. Local color, a writing device that depicts local culture,
makes use of the raw qualities of a particular locality/region or time and the characteristics and
language of its inhabitants to lend authenticity to a literary piece. Through the writer’s choice
of words and expressions as well as style of writing, readers get glimpses of the culture of the
place from which a piece of writing originates. Interestingly, some of these words have even
made it into the mainstream English language. As a reader, you can always decode or extract
the meanings of these words and expressions that reflect local culture by studying how they
are used in context through the clues provided by the surrounding words in the sentences or in
the text. Consider the following examples :
Sentence 1. Could she not, alone among all women, dance like a bird tripping for grains
on the ground, beautifully timed to the beat of the gangsas?
-From The Wedding Dance by Amador T. Daguio
Note: Practice Personal Hygiene Protocols at all times. 1

Sentence 2. The woman was soaking her sparse gray hair with the gogo suds.
-From The Witch by Edilberto K.Tiempo
After studying carefully the contexts in which the words gangsas and gogo are used, you would
understand that gangsas (in sentence 1) refers to a kind of musical percussion instrument as
hinted clearly by the words dance and beat, and that gogo (in sentence 2) is used to cleanse the
hair as indicated by the words soaking and hair. Both words gangsas and gogo are strongly
reflective of the distinct local culture of the places in which the texts they are used in are written.
As you read these terms and their corresponding uses in people’s lives as reflected in the literary
texts, you come to have glimpses of their lifestyle; hence, you get an idea of an aspect of their
culture. Gangsas are flat sided gongs indigenous to the cultures of places in Cordillera in
Northern Luzon. On the other hand, the gogo is used as shampoo in rural areas in the country,
an idea which you, as a reader, would have upon reading the local term and the context in which
it is used.
Here are specific steps that you can do to build your skill in using context clues in reading :
➢ Skim the context of an unfamiliar word-words or phrases surrounding the word that might
provide clues to its meaning.
➢ Search for explanations or descriptions, definitions, restatements, synonyms, antonyms
and examples in the context
➢ Consider the ideas presented in the sentences before or after an unfamiliar word or phrase.
Determine a meaning consistent with the entire passage.
Can you now determine words and expressions that reflect local culture, get their meanings
through context clues, and also use them in your own sentences? Develop this vocabulary skill
as you work on the exercises below.
Learning Competency with Code

Determine the meaning of words and expressions that reflect the local culture by noting context
clues (Quarter 1, Week 1) EN8V-If-6
Directions :
Exercise 1. Guess What?
Read the short excerpts below taken from Afro-Asian narratives. Then, study the words or
expressions written in bold. Using context clues, give your guesses as to the meanings of the
words or expressions. Write your responses in the table provided.
1. She was smiling at him, and I stopped in the act of tying the sinta across Labang's neck
to the opposite end of the yoke because her teeth were very white, her eyes were so full
of laughter, and there was the small dimple high up on her right cheek.
-From How My Brother Leon Brought Home a
Wife, Manuel E. Arguilla

2. Lobola, the brideprice or dowry, is normally paid in the form of cattle by the groom’s
father and would be paid by the community in Justice’s case and in my own by the
regent himself.
- From Long Walk To Freedom, Nelson Mandela
3. A servant interrupted our conversation by placing a large tray bearing bowls of white
rice, hot chicken curry, roasted turtle eggs, vegetables and namprick , a spicy sauce
made from beetles and fish paste.
-From The Golden Harvest, A Thai Folktale

4. And when they sounded the bell, its tones were found to be deeper and mellower and
mightier than the tones of any other bell,—reaching even beyond the distance of one
hundred li, like a pealing of summer thunder.
-From The Soul of the Great Bell, Chinese Fokltale
5. Tokyo was a long way off and the roads were rough. The father would have to walk
every step of the way for he had no horse. There were no railways or even jinrikishas
to travel on.
-From The Happy Mirror, A Japanese Folktale
Words that Reflect Culture Extracted Meaning(through context

clues)
1. sinta
2. lobola
3. namprick
4. li
5. jinrikishas
Exercise 2. Google It!
Using the internet, look for more information about the given words that reflect culture. List
key ideas about them and copy your sources of information.If there is no internet connection,
you may use the dictionary or the dictionary in your phone, books, encyclopedia and/or any
available material in your home.
Words that Reflect Culture What I Searched About Sources

Them
1. sinta
2. lobola
3. namprick
4. li
5. jinrikishas

Now, let’s see how well you can use those words in your own sentences!
1. sinta
___________________________________________________________________
2. lobola
___________________________________________________________________
3. namprick
___________________________________________________________________
4. li
__________________________________________________________________
5. jinrikishas
__________________________________________________________________
Exercise 3: Look Inside!
A. Read an excerpt from the poem, “I am an African Child” by EkuMcGred.Try to look into
the underlined words used in it. Pick out the words or clues that are related to each of the
underlined words in the excerpt. Write your answers in the Scale Diagram.
I am an African Child
Eku McGred
I am an African child
Born with a skin the 1colour of chocolate
Bright, brilliant and 2articulate
Strong and3bold; I’m gifted
Talented enough to be the best
I am an African child Often the target of pity
My future is not confined to 4charity
Give me the gift of a lifetime;
Give me a dream, a door ofopportunity;
I will 5thrive
I am an African child.
1. 4.
charity
color of chocolate
2. 5.
articulate thrive
3.
bold
B. Based on your answers in Activity A, unlock or choose among the given choices in the
box the closest meaning of the underlined words.
A. express ideas fluently D. prosper

B. brown E .brave
C. bright F. donations
C. Use the underlined words in sentences.

Exercise 4. LOOK FOR THE CLUES
The following sentences are taken from the story, “Footnote To

Youth” by Jose Garcia Villa. Read the sentences carefully.
Underline the words or groups of words that give hints or clues
to the meaning of the words in bold.
1. Dodong’s mother removed the dishes when they were

through, and went out to the batalan to wash them.
2. Dodong stood in the sweltering noon heat, sweating profusely,
so that his camiseta was damp.
3. Dodong saw Teang, his girl wife, asleep on the papag with
her black hair soft around her face. He did not want her to look that pale...
4. There was interminable work to be done. Cooking. Laundering. The house. The children.
5. He stood in the moonlight, tired and querulous. He wanted to ask questions and somebody
to answer him.
Exercise 5. Write the Right Word

A. Complete the passage by supplying the appropriate word from the WORD POOL below
which means the same as the word/words in parentheses. Write your answers in the blanks
provided.
heralds garland ashram dynasty

hesitate apparently curse blurs
(1)An _________(abode, refuge) is the home of the family- the basic unit of society. It
is from the family that individuals come to birth and it is within the family that they find the
first school of the social virtues that are important to build a society. (2)
__________(obviously) parents are the first teachers.
Every child is a gift to his/her brothers, sisters, parents, and the entire family. They say
a good child is a (3) ________(wreath of flowers) that brings honor to the parents while a black
sheep is a (4) ___________ (damnation); nevertheless, the child is loved and cared for.
In most cases, the family (5) __________(announces) progress and strives to contribute to
national development. Family members don’t (6) ____________(waver) to pursue fields of
endeavor that would bring them honor and glory. Take for example the political (7)
_________(ancestry lines of hereditary rules) we have in the country.
Exercise 6: Riddle Challenge!
A. Read each sentence carefully. Think about what the highlighted word means. Write the
meaning and its clue in the blanks provided.
Riddle 1
Since it was raining outside, I used my Bumbershoot to keep myself from getting wet.
_______________ _______________ _______________
Word Meaning Clue

Riddle 2
Unlike Kyle, who is a conformer and a follower, Jeremy is a maverick.
_______________ _______________ _______________
Word Meaning Clue
Riddle 3
The ranivorous hawk, an animal that eats frogs, is found in Central and Eastern Africa.
_______________ _______________ _______________
Word Meaning Clue
Riddle 4
In class, Julia was so cantankerous that her grumpy behavior negatively affected everyone.
_________________ _______________ _______________
Word Meaning Clue
B. What is the meaning of the make-believe word that is underlined in each sentence? Circle
the correct meaning. Then, circle at least two clue words that helped you figure out the
meaning of the word.
Riddle 1
The apploga bounced really high when Jimmy threw it on the ground. Then, Cathy threw the
apploga through the net and scored two points. We like playing with the apploga during recess.
What is an apploga? table ball orange
Riddle 2
Mary rode her camonga to school yesterday. She could not ride it today though because it was
raining. Her little sister, Alice also has a camonga, but it still has training wheels on it because
Alice is not old enough yet to ride without them.
What is a camonga? car boat bike
Riddle 3
Tommy likes to eat cheese sneitoo for lunch. His brother prefers his sneitoo to have sausage
and pepperoni on it. For dinner, their mom took a frozen sneitoo out of the freezer and cooked
it for dinner. It was yummy!
What is a sneitoo? milk pizza apple
Riddle 4
My dibek is living with us in the spare bedroom. He just moved back to town. He is my dad’s
brother and sometimes teases him. When my brother is not there, he says that I am his favorite
nephew.
What is a dibek? uncle grandpa mom

Challenge: Write your own riddle with a made-up word. Give clues so that your friends can
figure it out.
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________.
After going through the previous exercises, you surely have grasped already the idea on how
to use context clues in unlocking the meaning of words especially those that reflect local
culture. Moreover, the use of local color helps in reflecting culture. Expectedly, you will find
this helpful in carrying out your final activity.
Final Task :
People around the world are still in quarantine due to the COVID-19 pandemic. We are tasked
to stay at home to help combat the disease. Think of your favorite dish or your comfort food.
Through a 5-10 minute vlog, give significant details about it especially in your local culture.
Share how it has become your favorite food. Then, enumerate the ingredients and with the help
of your mother (only if necessary), show how it is prepared and cooked. Use words that reflect
your local culture.
Rubric for Scoring:
1 2 3 4
Content The vlog The vlog The vlog presents The vlog presents
presents little presents the moderate thorough and
information necessary information and substantial
about the dish. information insight about the information,
about the preparation and insight, and
preparation and cooking of the understanding of
cooking of the dish and its the preparation
dish. personal and cooking of
significance to the the dish as well
vlogger. as its significance
to the vlogger
and in the local
culture.
Language There are many There are a few There is a Good command
and Fluency errors in errors in consistent effort of the language is
grammar; there grammar; there in observing rules evident; there is
is no attempt to is an attempt to of grammar; the strong use of
use words that use words that presentation is words that reflect
reflect local reflect local sprinkled with local culture and
culture and the culture and the words that reflect the vlogger is

vlogger sounds vlogger keeps local culture, and spontaneous and
choppy in the an effort to keep the vlogger is enthusiastic
presentation. the presentation spontaneous. indicating that
going despite s/he enjoys the
some dead air. activity.
Organization It is difficult to A part or two of The vlog shows The vlog shows
follow the flow the vlog is clear transition clear and
of the vlog. comprehensible. from beginning to engaging
end. transition from
beginning to end.
Creativity The vlog shows The vlog shows The vlog shows The vlog boosts
no attempt at an attempt at creativity with the viewing
creativity. creativity with a use of props, experience with
minimum use of screen texts and maximum
props. background creativity in the
music. use of props,
screen texts,
background
music and
efficient slide
transitions.
Guide Questions :
1. What are context clues?
2. What is meant by local color?
3. How can context clues help the reader in getting meanings of unfamiliar words or
expressions that reflect local culture?
4. How does the use of local color promote the culture of a particular region or locality?
5. What specific steps can a reader do to build the skill on using context clues in
understanding word meaning?
Reflection
Complete this statement :
I have learned in this activity that _________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________

References for Learners
Cruz, I., Sabanpan-Yu, H. et.al. (2019). Reading the Regions: Teaching Philippine Literature
from Multi-Perspectives. National Committee on Literary Arts. Intramuros, Manila: National
Commission on Culture and the Arts
Gonzales, C., Francisco, N., De Vera, E., Yu, P. (2018). English for 21st Century
Learning(Afro-Asian) DepEd Textbook. Sampaloc, Manila: Rex Book Store, Inc.
Uychoco, MT. A. (2016). 21st Century Literature from the Philippines and the World.
Sampaloc, Manila: Rex Book Store, Inc.
Sandicho, J., Santos, F., Saulo, C., Tumaneng, L. (2014). EnglishTek 8 African and Asian
Literature. Techfactors, Inc.
English 8 Learner’s Material
2010 Secondary education Curriculum(English II)
Zorfass, J., Gray, T. PowerUp WHAT WORKS. Using Context Clues to Understand Word
Meanings. Retrieved from https://www.readingrockets.org/article/using-context-clues-
understand-word-meanings
Context Clues. Retrieved from
https://www.mdc.edu/kendall/collegeprep/documents2/context%20cluesrev8192.pdf
Answer Key
Exercise 1
Answers may vary.
Suggested answers :
1. sinta – rope used to control the animal

2. lobola – the brideprice or dowry
3. namprick - a spicy sauce made from beetles and fish paste.
4. li – unit of distance in China
5. jinrikishas – a kind of vehicle in Tokyo
Exercise 2
Answers may vary.
Exercise 3
A. 1. African, skin B. 1. B C. Answers may vary.

2. bright, brilliant 2. A
3. strong, bright 3. E
4. target of pity, gift 4. F
5. dream, opportunity 5. D

Exercise 4
1. dishes, wash
2. noon heat, sweating profusely, damp
3. asleep on
4. work to be done, Cooking. Laundering. The house. The children.
5. wanted to ask questions, somebody to answer him
Exercise 5
A. 1. ashram
2. Apparently
3. garland
4. curse
5. heralds
6. hesitate
7. dynasty
Exercise 6
A. 1. Bumbershoot-umbrella, raining, wet

2. maverick-loner-unlike who is a follower
3. ranivorous-frog-eating animal-hawk, eats frogs
4. cantankerous-ill-tempered-grumpy behaviour, acting negatively
B.1. apploga-ball-round, net

2. camonga- bike- ride, wheels, raining
3. sneitoo- pizza-sausage and pepperoni, cooked, yummy
4. debik- uncle-dad’s brother, nephew
Final Task
A scoring rubric is provided.
Prepared by:
MRS. ELAINE P. FURIGAY

MRS. CARINA V. PELAGIO
Writers

ENGLISH 8
Name of Learner: _____________________________ Grade Level: ______________

Section: _____________________________________ Date: ____________________

Conventions in Citing Sources

Citation means giving proper credit to the source of ideas and information we use in
our work, especially in research writing. If we don’t acknowledge properly the original source
of ideas we borrowed, we may be held liable of the crime, plagiarism.
The following are two of the major citation styles:
• MLA (Modern Language Association) – standard format for papers, articles and books
in the arts and humanities. Footnotes and endnotes for additional information are used
in this format.
• APA (American Psychological Association) – style used by teachers in business and
social sciences. Endnotes are used in this format.
Examples:
IN-TEXT/
STYLE PARENTHETICAL BIBLIOGRAPHY
CITATION
According to Abramowitz, Books
MLA is a useful system. Gonzales, Carolina T., et al. English for 21st
(Abramowitz 36) Century Learning (Afro-Asian). Manila:
Rex Bookstore, Inc. 2018. Print.
Journals and Magazines

Jaeger, Jaclyn. “Social Media Use in the
MLA Financial Industry.” Compliance Week.
1 August 2010: 9. Print
Online Sources
Garcia, Pia. Ties that bind: The Filipino –
Chinese culture. 6 Feb. 2016. Web. 6 June
2020.<https://cnnphilippines.com/lifestyle/
2016/02/06/filipino-chinese-culture.html>
Jones believes APA is a good Book
system for science. (Jones, Gonzales C. T., Francisco, N. R., De Vera, E.
2015) E., & Yu, P. R. (2018) English for 21st
APA
Century Learning (Afro-Asian). Manila: Rex
Bookstore, Inc.

Journals and Magazines
Jaeger, J. (2010). Social media use in the
financial industry. Compliance Week, 54.
Online Sources
Garcia, P. (2016, Feb. 6) Ties that bind: The
Filipino – Chinese culture. Retrieved from
https://cnnphilippines.com/lifestyle/2016/
02/06/filipino-chinese-culture.html

Use conventions in citing sources (Quarter 1, Week 4) EN8SS-IIIg-1.6.4
Directions:
Exercise 1. Let us review the differences between MLA and APA
formats. Identify the citation style based on the descriptions given by
checking the appropriate column box.
Descriptions MLA APA Both
1. It requires a title page.
2. It includes author and page number in the in-text citation.
It includes author, year and page number (if any) in the in-text
3.
citation.
It uses hanging indention after the first line of every entry in the
4.
bibliography section.
It uses the term, References, referring to the list of sources at the
5.
end of the research paper.
It uses the term, Works Cited, referring to the list of sources at the
6.
end of the research paper.
It consists of a brief parenthetical citation in the text and a full
7.
citation at the end of the research paper.
It includes author’s family name and initials of the first name in the
8.
bibliography especially with multiple authors.
Exercise 2. Identify the citation style used in the following examples. Write
MLA or APA on the blanks provided before each number.
__________1. Becker A. (2013). Journey. Summerville, MA: Candlewick Press.

__________2. Hearn, Lafcadio. The Soul of the Great Bell. M & P Bissinger. 1939. Print
__________3. Waley, Arthur. The Analects of Confucius. New York: Random House. 1989.
Print
__________4. Confucius. The Analects of Confucius : a Philosophical Translation.
New York :Ballantine Books, 1999
__________5. Bautista, Lualhati. Dekada 70. Philippines: Jingle Clan Carmelo &
Bauermann Printing Corp. 1983. Print.

__________6. Salvador, Andrea. 21st- century classroom. 15 Dec 2015. Web. 6 June 2020.
< https://opinion.inquirer.net/91173/21st-century-classroom>
__________7. Bautista, V. (2007). Turning Philippine schools into Peace Zones: A policy
paper on bullying. A commissioned study for the Council for the
Welfare of Children
__________8. Bufete, M. B. et. al. (2008). Expanding English Skills for Empowerment:
High School English Series. Las Piñas City: Hope Publishing House Inc.
__________9. Dean, Cornelia. "Executive on a Mission: Saving the Planet." The New York
Times. 22 May 2007. Web 29 May 2019.
<www.nytimes.com/2007/05/22/science/earth/22>
__________10. Suyu, Estrella. Cagayan Valley: The Ibanag. Web. 6 June 2020.
<https://ncca.gov.ph/about-ncca-3/subcommissions/subcommission-
on-cultural-communities-and-traditional-arts-sccta/northern-cultural-
communities/cagayan-valley-the-ibanag/
Exercise 3. Write an in-text/parenthetical citation in MLA and APA styles for

each given quotation, repetition of a sentence, phrase or passage from a speech
or text. Write your answers on the appropriate columns.
Quotation MLA APA

1. A positive school climate is one
of those things that is difficult to
define and measure, but everyone
recognises it when they see it.
Quoted From Andreas Schleicher
in PISA 2018 Insights and
Interpretation
2. "I am what I am, an' I'm not
ashamed.'Never be ashamed,' my
ol' dad used ter say, 'there's some
who'll hold it against you, but
they're not worth botherin' with.'
Quoted from J.K. Rowling’s
Harry Potter and the Goblet of
Fire published in July 2000
3. A new report has revealed the
world's heaviest internet users:
the Philippines, where people
spent an average of 10 hours and
two minutes a day online in
2018. Quoted from The Digital
2019 report, created by social
media management platform
Hootsuite and digital marketing
agency We Are Social

4 “So all these years—since
when?—he had been seeing the
light of dead stars, long
extinguished, yet seemingly still
in their appointed places in the
heavens.” Quoted from the novel
Dead Stars by Paz Marquez
Benitez, 1925
5 “If I fail I’ll come back to you...
Then both of us will die
together. Both of us will vanish
from the life of our tribe.”
Quoted from Amador T.
Daguio’s novel, The Wedding
Dance published in 1953
6 “A crisis is also an opportunity.
Let this one help us discover
inner strengths we never thought
existed. Let it teach us to be
more resourceful, more creative,
and above all, more attuned, not
to what the world offers, but to
the lasting spiritual riches we all
need in these trying times.”
Quoted from an online article
written by Maridol Ranoa
Bismark for Philstar.com
published on April 30, 2020
Exercise 4. Write a bibliography entry in MLA and APA style for

each information given.
1 Book
. Title: Smaller and Smaller M
Circles L
Author: Felisa Batacan A
Publisher: UP Press
Date Published: 2002 A
Place of Publishing: Quezon City P
A

2 Magazine
. Name of Magazine: Bannawag M
Title of Article: Nakaro a Tikag, L
Nakaro a Layus A
Article Writer: Felix M. Eslava
Jr. A
Issue Date: March 1-15, 2020 P
Page/s: 24-25 A
3 Online
. Title of Article: Filipinos and
Nationalism During the COVID- M
19 Pandemic L
Article Writer: Juliene Guillermo A
Date Published: March 26, 2020
Date Accessed: Date today
Type of Online Source: Web
URL: A
https://asiasociety.org/philippines P
/filipinos-and-nationalism- A
during-covid-19-pandemic
4 Book
Title: The Wedding Dance
Author: Amador T. Daguio
Publisher: Stanford University
Date Published: 1953
Place of Publishing: California
5 Magazine
Name of Magazine: Positively
Filipino
Title of Article: K-Dramas Might
Save Us Yet
Article Writer: Criselda Yabes
Issue Date: July 15, 2020
6 Online
Title of Article: Return of GMRC
hailed: ‘timely’ for kids raised in
tech-driven world
Article Writer: Mariejo S. Ramos
and Leila B. Salaverria
Date Published:
Date Accessed: Date today
Type of Online Source: Online
Newspaper
URL:https://newsinfo.inquirer.net
/1298105/return-of-gmrc-hailed-
timely-for-kids-raised-in-tech-
driven-world#ixzz6TLQhyfHa

Exercise 5. Look for any available sources of information at home.
If possible, look for a book, a newspaper, journal or magazine and an
online source. Write a bibliography entry in MLA and APA styles of
the sources you found. Use the guide below.
Book:
MLA
APA
Newspaper/Journal/Magazine:
MLA
APA
Online Source:
MLA
APA
Guide Questions:
1. What is citation?
2. What are the two major styles in writing a citation?
3. How can we differentiate APA style from MLA style?
4. Why is there a need to cite in our research paper the information and ideas we borrow?
Reflection
As a student, proper citation of sources is important because ____________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________

References:
“Free Access to Academic Writer Tutorials and Quick Guides During the Coronavirus
Pandemic.” APA Style. American Psychological Association, April 21, 2020.
https://apastyle.apa.org/blog/academic-writer-tutorials-quick-guides.
Gahan, Courtney. “In-Text Citation in APA, MLA and Chicago.” Scribbr, February 28, 2020.
https://www.scribbr.com/citing-sources/in-text-citation-styles/.
Gonzales, Carolina T., Nelda R. Francisco, Estrella E. De Vera, and Yu R. Pilar. English for
21st Century Learning (Afro-Asian). Manila, Philippines: Rex Bookstore, Inc., 2018.
McCombes, Shona. “APA vs MLA: The Key Differences.” Scribbr, January 9, 2020.
https://www.scribbr.com/citing-sources/apa-vs-mla/.
“Writing Resources from the Modern Language Assscoiation.” The MLA Style Center.
Modern Language Association. Accessed June 6, 2020. https://style.mla.org/.
Answer Key:
Exercise 1
1. MLA 5. APA
2. MLA 6. MLA
3. APA 7. BOTH
4. BOTH 8. APA
Exercise 2
1. APA 6. MLA
2. MLA 7. APA
3. MLA 8. APA
4. MLA 9. MLA
5. MLA 10. MLA
Exercise 3
MLA APA
1 A positive school climate is one of A positive school climate is one of those
those things that is difficult to define things that is difficult to define and
and measure, but everyone recognises it measure, but everyone recognises it when
when they see it. (Schleicher, 47) they see it. (Schleider, 2018, p. 47)
2 Rubeus Hagrid said, “I am what I am, an'
Rubeus Hagrid said, “I am what I am,
I'm not ashamed.'Never be ashamed,' my
an' I'm not ashamed.'Never be
ol' dad used ter say, 'there's some who'll
ashamed,' my ol' dad used ter say,
hold it against you, but they're not worth
'there's some who'll hold it against you,
botherin' with.” (Rowling, 2000)

but they're not worth botherin' with.”
(Rowling)
3 A new report has revealed the world's A new report has revealed the world's
heaviest internet users: the Philippines, heaviest internet users: the Philippines,
where people spent an average of 10 where people spent an average of 10 hours
hours and two minutes a day online in and two minutes a day online in 2018.
2018. (Hootsuite and We Are Social) (Hootsuite and We Are Social, 2019)
“So all these years—since when?—he “So all these years—since when?—he had
had been seeing the light of dead stars, been seeing the light of dead stars, long
long extinguished, yet seemingly still extinguished, yet seemingly still in their
in their appointed places in the appointed places in the heavens.” (Paz
heavens.” (Benitez) Marquez Benitez, 1925)
“If I fail I’ll come back to you... Then “If I fail I’ll come back to you... Then both
both of us will die together. Both of us of us will die together. Both of us will
will vanish from the life of our tribe.” vanish from the life of our tribe.” (Amador
(Daguio) T. Daguio, 1953)
“A crisis is also an opportunity. Let “A crisis is also an opportunity. Let this one
this one help us discover inner help us discover inner strengths we never
strengths we never thought existed. Let thought existed. Let it teach us to be more
it teach us to be more resourceful, resourceful, more creative, and above all,
more creative, and above all, more more attuned, not to what the world offers,
attuned, not to what the world offers, but to the lasting spiritual riches we all need
but to the lasting spiritual riches we all in these trying times.” (Maridol Ranoa
need in these trying times.” (Bismark) Bismark, 2020)
Exercise 4
MLA APA
1 Batacan, Felisa. Smaller and Smaller Batacan, F. (2002) Smaller and Smaller
Circles. Quezon City: UP Press. 2002. Circles. Quezon City: UP Press
Print
2 Eslava, Felix Jr. M., “Nakaro a Tikag, Eslava, F. Jr. M. (2020) Nakaro a Tikag,
Nakaro a Layus.” Bannawag. 1 Nakaro a Layus. Bannawag. 24-25.
March,
2020: 24-25. Print
3 Guillermo, Juliene. Filipinos and Guillermo, J. (2020 March 26) Filipinos
Nationalism During the COVID-19 and Nationalism During the COVID-
Pandemic 6 Feb 2016. Web. Date 19
today. Pandemic. Retrieved from
<https://asiasociety.org/philippines/ https://asiasociety.org/philippines/
filipinos-and-nationalism-during- filipinos-and-nationalism-during-
covid-19-pandemic> covid-19-pandemic
Daguio, Amador. The Wedding Daguio, A. (1953) The Wedding Dance.
Dance. California: Stanford California: Stanford University.
University. 1953. Print

Yabes, Criselda. “K-Dramas Might Save Yabes, C. (2020). K-Dramas Might Save
Us Yet.” Positively Filipinos. Us Yet. Positively Filipinos.
15 July, 2020. Print
Ramos, Mariejo and Salaverria, Leila. Ramos, M., Salavierra, L. (27 June,
Return of GMRC hailed: ‘timely’ for 2020)
kids raised in tech-driven world. Return of GMRC hailed: ‘timely’ for
27 June, 2020. Online Newspaper. kids raised in tech-driven world.
Date Today. Retrieved from
https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/1298105/
<https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/1298105/ return-of-gmrc-hailed-timely-for-kids-
return-of-gmrc-hailed-timely-for- raised-in-tech-driven
kids- world#ixzz6TLQhyfHa
raised-in-tech-driven-
world#ixzz6TLQhyfHa>
Exercise 5
• Learners’ answers vary and will be based on the available sources they will find in
their respective homes.
Prepared by:
MICHAEL JOHN ANTHONY R. FUGABAN

Writer

ENGLISH 8
Name of Learner: ________________________________ Grade Level_______________
Section:________________________________________ Score: ____________________
LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEETS

Using Appropriate Modals
Modals are special verbs and considered as a type of auxiliary verbs. They have
different distinctive qualities that cannot be found in common verb forms, like:
• modals do not have the –s or –es form;
• they cannot be used alone; they must be paired with another verb; and
• they take the negative form using the word NOT.
Common Modal Verbs:
can-could will-would shall-should may-might must-ought to
Every modal has its own use. Study the table below:
Modals Use Example
We can download the COVID 19 updates
can ability anytime.
opportunity If scientists could discover the vaccine for COVID
19, students can go to school and study.
request Can we ask for support from the private
establishments?
could (past) ability If there are no confirmed Covid cases in our place,
we could go anywhere we want.
will futurity Students will report to school for face to face

learning as soon as the IATF recommends it.
promise After realizing that the educated are more resilient,
I will start to become more conscientious in
studying.
determination We will survive this pandemic if we remain
obedient to all the guidelines set.
would past of will I would rather stay home than go outside.
conditional If I were a scientist, I would do everything to
discover the vaccine.

Modals Use Example
shall futurity I shall do my part as a citizen of this
(commonly used country.
in first person)
suggestion Shall we impose backyard gardening in
every home for food security?
promise I shall give my counterpart to stop the
spread of the virus.
should recommendation/ Everybody should stay home to prevent the
advice transfer of the virus.
obligation I should prepare for the new normal.
expectation Every parent should ensure learning
continuity for his/her child.
may possibility The virus may not be eliminated if people
don’t cooperate.
give permission The LGUs may issue updates from time to
time.
request May we be allowed to travel anytime?
might possibility We might suffer seriously if our leaders are
not tough.
suggestion Our law makers might want to work
overtime to review the different bills.
must obligation The public mustfollow protocols.
prohibition You must not violate any of the protocols.
ought to recommendation/ The public ought to observe social
advice distancing all the time.
expectation/ We ought to get the clarifications from the
probability spokesperson not later than tomorrow.

Using appropriate modal verbs. ENG-IIIa-2.6 (Quarter 1, Week 3)

Directions/Instructions:
This worksheet will help you acquire the requisite skills to master the uses of modal
verbs. Try doing each exercise and make sure that you are following strictly the instructions
given for each. Take note that your ultimate aim is to be able to write or speak the language
using modal verbs correctly.
Exercise 1
A. Read the “Memo to Parents by a Child”. Then, underline all the modals used in the text.
Memo to Parents by a Child
(Adapted)
1. You should not spoil me. I know quite well that I ought not to have all I
ask for. I’m only testing you.
2. You should not be afraid to be firm with me. I prefer it. It makes me feel
more secure.
3. Don’t let me form bad habits. I must rely on you to detect them in early stages.
4. Don’t make me feel smaller than I am. I might behave “stupidly” big.
5. Don’t correct me in front of people if you can help it. I’ll take much more
notice if you quietly talk with me in private.
6. Don’t make me feel that my mistakes are sins. It upsets my sense of value.
7. Don’t protect me from consequences. I should learn the painful way sometimes.
8. Don’t be upset when I say “I hate you”. Sometimes it isn’t you I hate but your
power to thwart me.
9. Don’t take too much notice of my ailments. Sometimes they get me
the attention I need.
10. Don’t nag. If you do, I can protect myself by appearing deaf.
11. Don’t forget that I cannot explain myself as well as I should like to. That is
why I am not always accurate.
12. Don’t put me off when I ask questions. If you do, you will find that I will stop
asking and seek information elsewhere.
13. Don’t pretend to be innocent. I might get confused and I might lose my faith
in you.
14. Don’t tell me my fears are silly. They are terribly real and you can do
much if you try to understand them.
15. Don’t ever suggest that you are perfect or infallible. It can give too great a
shock if I discover that you are neither one nor the other.
16. Don’t ever think that it is beneath your dignity to apologize to me.
An honest apology makes me feel surprisingly warm toward you.
17. Don’t forget I love experimenting. I could not get along without it. So
please put up with me.
18. Don’t forget how quickly I am growing up. It may be very difficult to keep
pace with me but please do try.
19. Don’t forget that I cannot thrive without lots of love and understanding. I
shouldn’t tell you this, should I?
20. You ought to keep yourself fit, I NEED YOU.

B. Based on the text, Memo to Parents by a Child, choose two memos that you can relate
best to your relationship with your parents. Write on the space provided below the reason/s
you wish to tell them..
• 1.___________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
• 2.___________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
Exercise 2
Underline the modal that fits each sentence.
1. The Philippines [can, could, may] get through the Covid 19 pandemic despite
being a third world country.
2. [Could, Will, Should] you help me disseminate the safety measures to combat the
Corona virus?
3. As responsible citizens, we [may, should, must] adhere to the call of the
Department of Health to stay home to stop the spread of the virus.
4. Our country [may, might, can] speed up the flattening of the curve if we listen to
the call of the DOH to stay home.
5. It is not safe outside because of the threat of the corona virus; so, I [may, will,
can] stay at home.
6. The Department of Education is struggling to meet the new normal in education;
thus, parents, learners and teachers[must, should, will]prepare.
7. The learners [can, will, could) adopt to the new normal since DepEd is doing all
its best to provide appropriate learning modalities to continue learning amidst the
pandemic.
8. The government [can, may, shall] seek the help of other countries if things come
to worst.
9. We [must not, should not, could not] disobey the regulations of the Local
Government Unit. The threat of the virus is just around the corner.
10. The President (may, might, could) allow classes to resume even without the
vaccine yet.

Exercise 3 Agony Aunts
For more practice in using modal verbs, imagine yourself as an Agony Aunt. Work on the
following activity by writing two pieces of advice to a fellow Grade 8 learner for each of the
given situations. Use should, should not, must, must not, or ought to.
Example:
I am always anxious that my friends are not loyal to me.
A. You should treat your friends well and trust their loyalty.
B. You should never betray your friends .
1. Time management is so challenging for me. I cannot control myself in playing

online games.
A. _______________________________________________________________
B. _______________________________________________________________
2. My parents could hardly find time to help me out with my homework/ school
requirements.
A. _______________________________________________________________
B. _______________________________________________________________
3. Most of my cousins are doing well in school, so my mother is pressing much on

me to become an awardee.
A. _______________________________________________________________
B. _______________________________________________________________
4. I don’t appreciate vegetables as part of my diet because I prefer meat and

processed food.
A. _______________________________________________________________
B. _______________________________________________________________
5. My friends think that having a boyfriend or girlfriend is cool, so they are

convincing me to have one.
A. _______________________________________________________________
B. _______________________________________________________________
6. Sibling rivalry often causes conflict in our family.

A. _______________________________________________________________
B. _______________________________________________________________
7. Family budget is always our concern because of our parents’ meager income.
A._______________________________________________________________
B. _______________________________________________________________
8. I am struggling so much in understanding my lessons.

A. _______________________________________________________________
B. _______________________________________________________________

9. I have never learned to save money.
A. _______________________________________________________________
B. _______________________________________________________________
10. I feel that I could open up more easily towards my friends than my family.
A. ______________________________________________________________
B. ______________________________________________________________
Exercise 4
Your Local Government Unit has announced to the public the existing/prevailing protocols and
guidelines on wearing facemask, social distancing and proper hand washing for the New
Normal. List 10 things you will do to abide with the set protocols and guidelines.
1. will - _____________________________________________________________
2. shall -____________________________________________________________
3. would -___________________________________________________________
4. should - __________________________________________________________
5. can - _____________________________________________________________
6. could - ___________________________________________________________
7. may - ____________________________________________________________
8. might - ___________________________________________________________
9. must - ____________________________________________________________
10. ought to - ________________________________________________________
Exercise 5
Choose five among the given ways in responding to the complex global pandemic. Write
sentences using appropriate modals on how you are going to respond in your own little way
to help save lives, protect livelihood and minimize socio-economic setbacks.
Ways Response
1. Uniting against
COVID
19
2. Addressing the
social and economic impact
for rapid recovery

3. Staying ahead of the
curve
4.Boosting government’s
communication strategies
5.Engaging the private
sector
6. Supporting home
schooling needs
7. Fast tracking
procurement for immediate
health needs
8.Making sure women and
girls are safe at home,
where most acts of violence
occur
9. Leaving no one behind
10.Initiating projects to
overcome the challenges of
the current situation.
Exercise 6
A. Fill in the grid below with the necessary information based on your personal contexts. The
first one has been done for you.
Activities/Concerns What I used to do before What I do now

1. Schooling Before, I would go to school for Now I learn through
face to face learning. online distance learning.
2. Hang-out
3. Allowance
4. Food Choices
5. Travel
6. Social Gatherings
7. Learning Partners
8. Recreational Activities
9. Communion with God
10. Family Bonding
11. Purchasing Life’s
Necessities

B. Based on your list in the grid, write a letter to God expressing all your thoughts and feelings
about the impact of the pandemic in your life highlighting your significant insights in order to
survive. Use 10 different modals. Try to observe the correct format in letter writing. Use the
space provided. (See attached rubric for your output.
_________________________
_________________________
_________________________
Dear God,
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
Your G8 – Precious child,
____________ --________
(Name)

RUBRIC FOR LETTER WRITING
CRITERIA EXCELLENT GOOD FAIR POOR

CONTENT Letter contains Letter contains Letter lacks one Letter lacks key
all key all key key information element of
information; information; and needs required
each is each is development information and
supported with generally through specific lacks specific
specific and supported with details. examples.
engaging specific details.
details.
SENTENCE Letter contains Letter contains Letter contains Letter contains
STRUCTURE sentences with 5-7 modal 3-4 modal 1 to 2 modal
8-10 modal verbs. Most verbs. verbs. No use
verbs. All sentences Sentences of new ideas
sentences have present reflect little and originality
clear and correct information variety, and to create the
structure. clearly. meaning is meaning of the
often unclear. topic.
MECHANICS/ There are no Letter has Letter has Letter has
USAGE/ evident errors. generally several errors in frequent errors
SPELLING “clean” mechanics, in mechanics,
mechanics, usage, and usage, and
usage and spelling. spelling which
spelling but made the
contains a few writing difficult
mistakes. to understand.
WORD Words engage Some words are Letter needs No evidence of
CHOICE the readers and misplaced. revision and thought in word
add color to the better word selection.
meaning. choice should
be considered.
Guide Questions:
1. How do you feel about this pandemic? What is its impact in your life?
2. How were you able to survive when your place of residence was placed under community
quarantine? What significant insights helped you survived the challenges?
3. Braving the New Normal is another milestone we have to face now. And one way of living
it is the continuation of education at home with the help of the different learning modalities
prepared by DepEd. Given the chance to write a personal note/letter to God what would you
tell/ask Him in order to win your own battle as a Grade 8 student in the new normal and succeed
the SY 2020-2021 safe and healthy?

Reflection:
Complete the statements:
I enjoyed __________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
I found helpful the ___________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________
I would like to work further on ________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________
References:
English of the New Generation pp.14-19
https://www.un.org/africarenewal/news/coronavirus/9-ways-un-teams-around-world-are-
fighting-covid-19
https://www.eslprintables.com/vocabulary_worksheets/face_and_body/palm_readingpredicti
ons/Palm_reading_class_26432/
https://sca.district70.org/ourpages/auto/2018/2/25/39771017/Letter%20Rubric%207-8.pdf
Answer Key
Exercise 1
A. B. (Note: These are just possible answers,
ought not to students’ answers may vary)
must
might 1. Don’t forget that I cannot explain
will myself as well as I should like to.
should That is why I am not always
can accurate.
could 2. Don’t forget I love experimenting. I
may could not get along without it. So
should not
please put up with me.
Exercise 2
1. can 6. must
2. could 7. can
3. must 8. may
4. might 9. must not
5. will 10. could

Exercise 3
(Note: These are just possible answers, students’ answers may vary)
1. A. You should try scheduling your responsibilities

B. While following your schedule, you must not do anything irrelevant.
2. A. You should ask your teachers or friends to help you.
B. You must learn to look after yourself in school.
3. A. You should ask your mother to help you in academics.
B. You must understand that she only wants what’s best for you.
4. A. You should give vegetables a try, they’re not always bad.
B. Eating processed food isn’t bad for you, but you must not eat them every day.
5. A. You must tell them not to pressure you to doing something you don’t like.
B. You should ask yourself first if you can balance both academics and love.
6. A. You should ask professionals for help.
B. You should learn to listen and talk to your siblings so you can reach resolves.
7. A. You should study hard so you can lift them from hardships in the future.
B. You must learn to save money.
8. A. You should ask your parents of teachers for help.
B. You should not try to cheat to get high grades.
9. A. You must not spend it all on one go.
B. You should buy what you need first before spending it on unnecessary things.
10. A. You must not hold your feelings in.
B. You must not be afraid; they love you and will understand you.
11. A. You should try scheduling your responsibilities
B. While following your schedule, you must not do anything irrelevant.
12. A. You should ask your teachers or friends to help you.
B. You must learn to look after yourself in school.
13. A. You should ask your mother to help you in academics.
B. You must understand that she only wants what’s best for you.
14. A. You should give vegetables a try, they’re not always bad.
B. Eating processed food isn’t bad for you, but you must not eat them every day.
15. A. You must tell them not to pressure you to doing something you don’t like.
B. You should ask yourself first if you can balance both academics and love.
16. A. You should ask professionals for help.
B. You should learn to listen and talk to your siblings so you can reach resolves.
17. A. You should study hard so you can lift them from hardships in the future.
B. You must learn to save money.
18. A. You should ask your parents of teachers for help.
B. You should not try to cheat to get high grades.
19. A. You must not spend it all on one go.
B. You should buy what you need first before spending it on unnecessary things.
20. A. You must not hold your feelings in.
B. You must not be afraid; they love you and will understand you.

Exercise 4
1. I will help my brother with his modules for the New Normal School.
2. I shall always remember to wear a mask when I go out.
3. I would rather stay at home and not get sick.
4. The people should avoid contact with other people.
5. I can not go out during curfew hours in our barangay.
6. We could just video chat instead of going to the mall.
7. May we cooperate with the officials on this matter?
8. I might not want to get close to my parents after they’ve come home from work.
9. I must refrain to go out while on community quarantine.
10. I ought to follow the regulations of the IATF.
Exercise 5
3. Staying ahead of the curve I will follow quarantine protocols and stay
inside.
I must spread announcements in different
4. Boosting government’s communication
platforms, so my friends and family remain
strategies
updated.
I will help my sibling in the technological and
6. Supporting home schooling needs
academic aspects of their online learning.
8.Making sure women and girls are safe at I will protect my mother and sisters from any
home, where most acts of violence occur innate threat that will be present against them.
I should help my friends who are struggling

9. Leaving no one behind
mentally because of the pandemic.
Exercise 6
A. (Note: These are just possible answers, students’ answers may vary)
What I used to do before What I do now

1. Before, I would go to school for face to face Now I learn through online distance learning.
learning.
2. I could go to my friend’s house on a I can’t go out because of quarantine
Saturday. regulations.
3. I may have already spent 500 pesos for the I do not have allowances.
whole week.
4. I might have just bought whatever was I become conscious of what I eat.
available at the canteen.

5. I used to go to school through public I only stay inside the house.
commute every school day.
6. My family would go to restaurants or hold We celebrate virtually.
parties to celebrate occasions.
7. My friends and I may do sleepovers before We video call each other to exchange
exams to review. thoughts.
8. We might’ve gone to different beaches I could only play video games with other
during summertime. people online.
9. We would go to church every Sunday. We hold church meetings thru zoom.
10. We could go watch a movie in the theater We watch movies on the TV.
together.
11. I go with mom to help her with groceries. Mom goes out alone.
B. Students’ answers may vary. See rubric for letter writing.
Prepared by:
JOYCE S. LABUGUEN
VICTORIA T. AQUINO
Writers

ENGLISH 8
Name of Learner: ________________________ Grade Level: ________________
Section: ________________________________ Score: _____________________

Signals That Indicate Coherence

Transitions or signals are words and phrases that show the connection between ideas and
help the reader follow the direction of a writer’s thought.
The use of transition signals, along with repeated words and reference words, is one of the
many ways to achieve good cohesion and coherence in writing.
Transitions clarify and convey sequence and signal shifts.
Transitions help students understand the relationship between sentence parts, sentences and
paragraphs
This lesson is designed to teach students what transitions are, what their purpose is, and
how to use them, more importantly.
Examples
1. Repatriated Filipino workers undergo quarantine; consequently, they are confined in
government designated facilities.
2. DepEd conducts remote enrolment nationwide. In fact, teachers facilitate enrolment by
contacting the parents and the learners through digital platforms.
3. General Community Quarantine was declared in most parts of the country; however, local
government units are still empowered to impose restrictions.
TRANSITION WORDS
ADDITION CONTRAST COMPARISON

and but likewise
not only however in the same way
but also on the other hand similarly
moreover CONTRAST
furthermore
moreover
EMPHASIS ILLUSTRATION CAUSE AND EFFECT

First example so
summary specifically as a result
most importantly for instance therefore
LEARNING COMPETENCY WITH CODE

Identify and use signals that indicate coherence ( Quarter 1, Week 5 ) EN8RC IVc-13.1

ACTIVITY 1
Directions:Read the biography of Benjamin Pogrund. As you read, look for cohesive
devices used and write them on your notebook.
Benjamin Pogrund was brought up in Cape Town. In particular, he began his career as
a journalist in 1958, writing for The Rand Daily Mail in Johannesburg. Eventually, he became
deputy-editor of the The Rand Daily Mail which was the only newspaper in South Africa at
that time to report on events in black South African townships. In the course of his work, he
came to know the major players in the apartheid struggle and gained the respect and confidence
of leaders such as Nelson Mandela.
Soon, Pogrund was a reporter at the Sharpeville massacre on 21 March 1960. Then, he
wrote about the1965 series on beating and torture of black inmates and maltreatment of white
political prisoners. During his career reporting on apartheid in South Africa, he was put on
trial several times, put in prison once, had his passport revoked and was investigated as a threat
to the state by security police.
Source: Wikipedia
ACTIVITY 2
Directions: Circle the transitional expressions in the selections that follow. The
number in parentheses tells you how many signal words to look for in each case.
Also, write in the margin beside each signal whether it shows emphasis, addition,
comparison, contrast, illustration, or cause-and-effect.
1. Many of the restless and dissatisfied sons and daughters of these middle, upper-middle, and
upper-class homes had never known poverty. Consequently, they could not understand their
parents’ emphasis upon money, status, and work. Parents, on the other hand, could not
understand how some of their children could be indifferent, even hostile, to such practical
things as formal education and preparation for work. (2 signal words)
2. The greatest value of play technique is in the study of personality. Children often cannot or
will not explain themselves in the first person. However, they may reveal much of their inner
lives in play. The child who will not tell about his or her own fears and conflicts may readily
project these feelings into dolls. Feelings of rejection, insecurity, ambivalent attitudes toward
parent, repressed hatred, fears, and aggressions may all be freely revealed in play. As a result,
the play technique, when properly handled, offers opportunities for understanding the child that
are otherwise difficult to create. (3 signal words)
3. Energy is used to cause chemical changes. For example, a chemical change occurs in the
electroplating of metals when electrical energy is passed through a salt solution in which the
metal is submerged. A chemical change also occurs when radiant energy from the sun is utilized
by plants in the process of photosynthesis. Moreover, as we say, a chemical change occurs
when heat causes mercuric oxide to decompose. Chemical changes are often used to produce
energy rather than new substances. The heat or thrust generated during the combustion of fuels
is more important than the products formed. (5 signal words)

4. Along with food production, human beings found time to develop the arts and sciences.
Some hunter-gatherers, as was already pointed out, must have had considerable leisure without
making any notable movement toward civilization. A difference between the hunter-gatherers
and farmers that is important to note is that the former are usually nomadic; whereas, the latter
are sedentary. But even those pre-agricultural people who had fairly stationary living sites did
not develop in civilized ways comparable to the farmers. Agriculture probably required a far
greater discipline than did any form of food collecting. Seeds had to be planted at certain
seasons, some protection had to be given to the growing plants and animals, harvests had to be
reaped, stored, and divided. Thus, we might argue that it was neither leisure time nor a
sedentary existence that produced great changes in human culture. The cause was rather the
more rigorous demands associated with an agricultural way of life. Humanity was changing
plants and animals to suit its needs, and living in close relation with plants and animals was
changing humans’ way of life. (8 signal words)
ACTIVITY 3
Directions: Read the following passages carefully. Then, choose from the
parentheses the appropriate transitional device that completes each idea. Write the correct word
of your choice.
African religion is closely intertwined with African life. (1. In like manner, Hence),
African art is a vital part of the celebration of African life. (2.Furthermore, And), it is knit
tightly into the whole fabric of African tradition and culture. (3. Hence, Besides), art is (4.
indeed, in order to) an imitation of life ;
(5. thus, hen), a representation of it. Life flows. Man is born. He grows to sexual maturity,
reproduces and dies. (6. Moreover, Hence), he depends on the land, on vegetation, and on the
animal world for food and shelter. The farmer plants, cultivates, and harvests his crops in
seasonal rotation. (7. On the other hand, Similarly), the animal world has the same cycle of
birth, reproduction, and death. (8. And, So) the hunter counts on its continuity.
ACTIVITY 4
Directions: Read the following passages carefully. Then, choose from the pool of
words the appropriate transitional device that completes each idea. Write the letter
of your choice.
A However B. Of course C. Moreover

D. Meanwhile E Undoubtedly F. As a result
G. At the same time . H. In like manner I. For this reason
(1)______________ nearly all, if not all people believe in a Supreme Being. The name varies
(2)____________ because of the different languages in the world. God is the Creator. He is
transcendent, living in heaven whom men naturally look up to. Belief in life after death is
perhaps the most ancient religious belief of all mankind. God may be an abstract idea but he
cares and does not strike with terror. (3)____________ He sustains all things.
It is generally agreed that in the earliest times, God lived on earth but due to some fault,
God got angry. (4)___________, he left the earth and went up to heaven. The Shiller of the

Upper Nile regions say that in the beginning man and woman lived in the land of God, but they
ate the forbidden fruit. (5)______________ God sent them away.
The Africans may be asked why men must pay attention to many spirits and not to one
god alone. One answer may be that people cannot afford to neglect any power that can influence
their lives. (6)______________, they do not pay attention to one person alone but to many
officials with whom they must deal.
Belief in a spiritual power animating the earth is found all over Africa. So,
(7)_______________the Africans worship god, they also must worship a lot of earth spirits.
(8)_______________new religions have come to Africa but much of the old remains.
ACTIVITY 5
Directions: Read each statement carefully. Choose and use the appropriate
transitions at the right. Capitalize when necessary.
1. I would like to see you tomorrow, _____________ let’s have WORD BANK
lunch together.
for example
2. My sister loves to eat, ______________ I don’t care much finally
about food. but
so
3.When you begin an exercise program, you must be careful to the left
not to overdo it. My father, _____________, hurt his back beyond
by exercising too hard without warming up first. still
4.She had looked everywhere for a job; ___________, she was
called for an interview.
5. She had been studying for hours, _______________, she

hoped to do well on the test. WORD BANK
6. First, Mary went to the store. _____________, she went to visit third
her mother. similarly
nevertheless
7. I would like to read many books; _______________,I don’t however
seem to have enough time to read. as a result
then
8. John ate and ate; ________________, he never gained weight. therefore
for instance
9. Joe ate too fast,____________, he had indigestion.

10. He stayed up too late night; ______________, he slept until noon.
11. I want you to buy milk, eggs and fruit juice; ____________ WORD BANK
I want you to be sure to get cereal and ice cream.
in contrast
12. I was concentrating on my homework. _____________the consequently
soup boiled over. until then
in fact
13. ________________, I will boil the water. Second, I will third
brew the tea, and ____________, I will serve it. meanwhile
furthermore
14. Joe, _______________, happens to be my best friend. first
15. Jane studies all the time; ______________, Billy never studies.
ACTIVITY 6
Directions: Write a 5-7 sentence paragraph about the importance of healthy lifestyle
using transitions to show coherence.
Title: Staying Healthy Amidst Covid 19 Crisis”

Rubrics:
Criteria 4 Very 3 Satisfactory 2 Fair 1 Needs

Satisfactory improvement
Use of All cohesive Most cohesive Some cohesive Many cohesive

Cohesive devices are used devices are used devices are not devices are not
Devices correctly to correctly to used correctly. used correctly.
have a smooth have a smooth That’s why there
transition of transition of is no smooth
ideas from one ideas from one transition of
paragraph to paragraph to ideas from one
another. another. paragraph to
another.
Relevance The content of The content of The content of The content of
the paragraph is the paragraph is the paragraph is the paragraph is
very relevant to relevant somewhat irrelevant .
the given topic. enough. relevant .
Punctuation All punctuation Most Some of Many
Marks and marks used and punctuation punctuation punctuation
Spelling spelling are marks used and marks used and marks used and
correct. spelling are spelling are spelling are
correct. incorrect. incorrect.

Guide Questions:
1. What coping mechanisms must one do during health emergencies like the Covid 19
pandemic?
2 Are there any significant learnings that you have gained during the quarantine period?
3. How can you protect yourself and the others around you from Covid 19?
Reflection:
In this lesson, I have learned that ________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________
References:
Bloor, T., & Bloor, M. (2013). The Functional Analysis of English: A Hallidayan Approach
(3rd ed.). London: Routledge. pp.70-74
Gonzales, Carolina et.al., English for 21st Century Learning ( Afro – Asian ) Teacher’s
Manual pp. 86-89
Halliday, M. A. K., & Hasan, R.(1976). Cohesion in English. London: Longman. pp.52-55
Hasan, R. (1968). Grammatical Cohesion in Spoken and Written English: Part one.
University College pp.64-66
Ladera, Helen & Guevara, Eufrocina (2003). The New Dimensions in Learning English II
( For the Secondary Schools)pp.402-407
Tanskanen, s.-k. (2006): Collaborating Towards Coherence. Lexical Cohesion in English

Discourse. Amsterdam: Benjamins. pp.54-57
Wikepedia the free encyclopedia.
https://www.theschoolrun.com/what-are-cohesion-and-cohesive-devices-in- writing
https://www.cpp.edu/ramp/program-materials/recognizing-transitions.shtml
www.butte.edu/departments/cas/tipsheets/grammar/transitions.html

ANSWER KEY:
Activity 1 Activity 2 Activity 3
1. consequently - cause and effect 1. hence
In particular on the other hand- comparison 2. and
eventually 2. however - contrast 3. hence
in the course of or - choice 4. indeed
soon as a result- conclusion 5. thus
and 3. for example -illustration 6.
moreover
such as moreover - addition 7. similarly
or - choice 8. so
than - comparison
rather than - comparison
more important than - comparison
4. whereas- comparison
and- addition
but- contrast
thus - conclusion
the cause- cause and effect
along with- addition
rather than- comparison
that is important to note- emphasis
Act 4 Act 5 Act 6

1. undoubtedly 1. so ( see rubrics)
2. however 2. but
3. moreover 3. for example
4. for this reason 4. finally
5. as a result 5. similarly
6. in like manner 6. then
7. of course 7. however
8. at the same time 8. nevertheless
9. as a result
10. consequently
11. meanwhile
12. until then
13. first, third
14. in fact
15. in contrast
Prepared by:
CAROL A. CALLAPAG
MILDRED ROSE D. MAIZTEGUI
Writers

ENGLISH 8
Name of Learner: _________________________ Grade Level: ___________

Section: _________________________________ Score: ________________

Using a Range of Verbs, Adjectives and Adverbs to Convey Emotional
Response or Reaction to an Issue to Persuade
Verbs are words used to indicate an action, state, or occurrence, and they
form the main part of the predicate of a sentence.
Examples: Perla caught some fish.
They watch movies every Saturday.
Frontliners are the modern-day heroes.
Adjectives are called modifiers because they limit, change or explain

further the meaning of the noun or pronoun that they modify. Usually, they answer
the questions what kind, which one, how many, and how much.
Examples : Curly hair looks beautiful.
The tall lady is the president.
Anna has an expensive watch.
Adverbs modify a verb, an adjective and another adverb.

They may be a word, phrase, or a clause that usually modifies the predicate
of the sentence.
Examples: The story ended happily.
Victor walks very fast.
An exceedingly tall man visited the store.
Persuasion is a process or a skill by which you get people to vote on your

favor, stop doing something, or sway them to change their mind on a given issue.
Learning Competency
Use a range of verbs, adjectives and adverbs to convey emotional response or reaction to an
issue to persuade

Exercise 1
Directions: Your friend asked you to help him complete his Facebook post. Choose the
appropriate verbs to complete it. Write your answer on the space provided.
A pandemic (1.)__________ (hit, visited, accompanied) us. It (2.) __________ (brought,

carried, attended) a sudden change into our lives. News headlines cover this dreadful virus and
every media platform (3.)__________ (contains, conceals, develops) its adverse effects. These
mounting information continue to cause fear, confusion and anxiety among us. One may (4.)
__________ (pray, plan, believe) that we are living in uncertainty as a vaccine is not yet available
to put an end to our battle against COVID-19.
To (5.) __________ (start, prevent, support) it from spreading further, our government
(6.) __________ (stopped, avoided, implemented) various methods to ensure our safety. One of
these which greatly affected us is the community quarantine. We were (7.) __________ (directed,
supported, enlightened) to stay at home and were compelled not to go to school. This is
disheartening for I know that we all want to enrich ourselves with the competencies we may
acquire from attending school.
This is now a challenge to us, my fellow students. Let this pandemic not stop us to (8.)
__________ (play, forget, achieve) our dreams. Let us not stop learning and developing ourselves
to become who we aspire to be. (9.) __________ (Notice, Monitor, Perceive) this as an
opportunity to (10.) __________ (look, guide, discover) our talents and skills.

Exercise 2.
Directions: Read the friendly letter below and complete it by choosing the appropriate
adjectives from the given pool of words. Write your answer on the blank.
POOL OF WORDS
new near scenic strong

nervous friendly beneficial historical
wonderful immediate affordable approachable
Lot 318, Jahlan Muhibbah

93400, Kuching
Sarawak, Malaysia
June 8, 2019
Dear Maria,
How are you? I want you to know that I am doing great here in Malaysia. My
colleagues are (1.) ____________ and (2.) ____________. They treat me like
their own family. I am enjoying my job here. It gives me the opportunity to
learn (3.) ____________ things.
During weekends, I visit (4.) ____________ parks, go to (5.) ____________
restaurants, watch (6.) ____________ documentaries, and see my friends
living (7.) ____________ our village.
Please study hard. Have a (8.) ____________ determination to finish your
studies. Believe in your dreams and pursue your goals. Do not let anything
hinder you in achieving a (9.) ____________ life.
I miss you and I am looking forward to your (10.) ____________ response to
my letter.
Thank you.
With love,
Teodora

Exercise 3
Directions: Read the conversation below between Antonio and Ismael. Complete it by
choosing the appropriate adverbs from the pool of words. Write your answer on the blank after
each item number.
POOL OF WORDS
now widely easily always

cleverly personally incredibly abundantly
extremely surprisingly specifically amazingly
accordingly conveniently destructively responsibly
Antonio: I am interested with the different festivals of Asian countries. However, I don’t
have reading materials.
Ismael: Don’t worry, Antonio. We can access (1.) ____________ the information that you
want using the internet through my cell phone or my computer.
Antonio: Wow! I am thankful that we 2. _________have free internet access in our barangay.
Ismael: We can start our search (3.) ____________. Tell me what you want to know
(4.) ____________.
Antonio: I want to learn the history, the rituals and the significance of their festivals.
Ismael: I am (5.) ____________ amazed with your enthusiasm about this topic. We can have
all the data in a minute. That’s how internet connection (6.) ____________ works.
Antonio: It functions (7.) ____________ in a fast speed. It is also worthy to note that electronic
devices are (8.) ____________ made and they make searching for information (9.)
____________ convenient.
Ismael: People must use technological inventions (10.) ____________ and (11.)
____________.
Antonio: I agree. They help us live (12.) ____________ therefore, we must not use them
(13.)____________.
Ismael: I (14.) ____________ wish that others may (15.) ____________ experience the
wonders of technology.

Exercise 4.
Directions: Read the statements below and complete them by choosing the proper words from
the choices. Write your answer on the space provided.
Host: Today, we are given the opportunity to hear the statements of the people from the
different sectors on the adverse effects of COVID -19.
DOT Employee
Our government regulated the use of public transportation. Its (1.) ____________
(ready, readily) access to commuters became a (2.) ____________ (serious,
seriously) problem because many workers do not have their own vehicle. To our
public commuters, I urge you to extend your (3.) ____________ (full, fully)
understanding as this measure is for our own safety.
DOT Director
Department of Tourism (4.) ____________ (great, greatly) feels the adverse effect
brought about by this pandemic. The (5.) ____________ (sudden, suddenly)
implementation of travel ban (6.) ____________ (large, largely) decreased the
income generated for this year. Despite this, we still believe that the ban is (7.)
____________ (beneficial, beneficially) to all of us.
DTI Representative
The food industry is (8.) ____________ (similar, similarly) affected. However, we

are (9.) ____________ (confident, confidently) that we can address the issue on
food supply. I am requesting our consumers not to worry and I appeal to the food
suppliers not to hoard goods.
DOH Secretary
During this time, medical workers are (10.) ____________ (diligent, diligently)
exerting efforts to win against COVID-19. We are facing this battle (11.)
____________ (brave, bravely). In order to help us, I am asking our people to
stay home.
Host:
To all our viewers, your cooperation is (12.) ____________ (immense,

immensely) needed for the (13.) ____________ (effective, effectively)
implementation of the different orders of our government officials. We are (14.)
____________ (hopeful, hopefully) that this session will bring (15.) ____________
(meaningful, meaningfully) insights to all of us.

Exercise 5.
Directions: Accomplish the following GRASPS.
Goal You are going to convince the local officials from the tourism department
to approve your proposal through a persuasive letter.
Role You are a resident in the barangay where the tourism department plans to
do various programs to enhance tourism.
Audience The local DOT officials are your audience.
Situation You are a supporter of DOT in their campaign in promoting local tourism.
As such, you are able to write a project proposal that promotes your local
products. For faster action on your proposal, you thought of writing a
persuasive letter addressed to local DOT officials.
Product You are expected to write a persuasive letter specifying the significance
of your project to the campaign.
Standards and See attached Rubric.
Criteria for
success
Rubric
3 2 1 Score
Organization The persuasive The persuasive The persuasive
letter is written letter is written letter is not
logically and logically and but written
maintains the does not maintain logically.
interest of the the interest of the
audience. audience.
Key Points The letter contains The letter contains The letter
and Reasons at least 5 key at least 4 key points contains at
points for fast for fast approval of least 3 key
approval of the the proposal. points for fast
proposal. approval of the
proposal.
Word choice The letter containsThe letter contains The letter
verbs, adjectives verbs, adjectives or contains verbs,
or adverbs which adverbs and adjectives or
are all appropriatemajority of which adverbs but do
to support the are appropriate to not support the
arguments support the arguments
presented. arguments presented.
presented.
Grammar There are no There are few There are
and Spelling corrections in corrections in several
grammar and grammar and corrections in
spelling. spelling. grammar and
spelling.
TOTAL

Key Points and Reasons:
______________________________________
_______________________
______________________________________
_______________________
______________________________________
_______________________
______________________________________
_______________________
______________________________________
_______________________
______________________________________
_______________
______________________________________
______________
______________________________________
______________
______________________________________
______________
Reflection:
These activities helped me to

__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
The activity I enjoyed the most is

__________________________________________________________________________
because___________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________

ANSWER KEY:
Exercise 1: Exercise 2: Exercise 3: Exercise 4: Exercise 5:

1. hit 1-2. friendly/ 1. easily 1. ready Answers
2. brought approachable 2. widely 2. serious may vary
3. contains 3. new 3. now 3. full
4. believe 4. scenic 4. specifically 4. greatly
5. prevent 5. affordable 5. extremely 5. sudden
6. implemented 6. historical 6. amazingly 6. largely
7. directed 7. near 7. surprisingly 7. beneficial
8. achieve 8. strong 8. cleverly 8. similarly
9. perceive 9. wonderful 9. incredibly 9. confident
10. discover 10. immediate 10-11. responsibly/ 10. diligently
accordingly 11. bravely
12. conveniently 12. immensely
13. destructively 13. effective
14. always 14. hopeful
15. personally 15. meaningful
References:
Lapid, Milagros G. and Serrano, Josephine B. English Communication Arts and Skills
through afro-Asian Literature. 8th ed. Quezon City, Philippines: The Phoenix
Publishing House Inc., 2018
Nem Singh, Rosario P. Communication Arts and Skills. Pasig City, Philippines: Anvil
Publishing, Inc., 1997
Websites:
https://www.google.com/search?q=VERBS&oq=verb&aqs=chrome.0.69i59j69i57j35i
39j0l5.1256j0j7&sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8
https://www.aviano.af.mil/News/Articles/News-Display/Article/724743/think-before-
you-post/
Prepared by:
SHER-ANNE GUZMAN
CHAROLF CARANGUIAN
Witers

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8

LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEETS

Address: Regional Government Center, Carig Sur, Tuguegarao City, 3500

Note: Practice Personal Hygiene Protocols at all times. i

Note: Practice Personal Hygiene Protocols at all times. ii

Name of Learner : _________________________ Grade Level : ______________

LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET

Background Information for Learners

Note: Practice Personal Hygiene Protocols at all times. 1

Learning Competency with Code

Exercise 1. Guess What?

Note: Practice Personal Hygiene Protocols at all times. 2

- From Long Walk To Freedom, Nelson Mandela

-From The Golden Harvest, A Thai Folktale

Words that Reflect Culture Extracted Meaning(through context

Exercise 2. Google It!

Words that Reflect Culture What I Searched About Sources

Note: Practice Personal Hygiene Protocols at all times. 3

Exercise 3: Look Inside!

A. express ideas fluently D. prosper

C. Use the underlined words in sentences.

Note: Practice Personal Hygiene Protocols at all times. 5

The following sentences are taken from the story, “Footnote To

1. Dodong’s mother removed the dishes when they were

Exercise 5. Write the Right Word

heralds garland ashram dynasty

Exercise 6: Riddle Challenge!

Note: Practice Personal Hygiene Protocols at all times. 6

What is an apploga? table ball orange

What is a camonga? car boat bike

Note: Practice Personal Hygiene Protocols at all times. 7

Rubric for Scoring:

Note: Practice Personal Hygiene Protocols at all times. 8

Note: Practice Personal Hygiene Protocols at all times. 9

Answers may vary.

1. sinta – rope used to control the animal

Answers may vary.

A. 1. African, skin B. 1. B C. Answers may vary.

Note: Practice Personal Hygiene Protocols at all times. 10

A. 1. Bumbershoot-umbrella, raining, wet

B.1. apploga-ball-round, net

A scoring rubric is provided.

MRS. ELAINE P. FURIGAY

Note: Practice Personal Hygiene Protocols at all times. 11

Name of Learner: _____________________________ Grade Level: ______________

LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET

Background Information for Learners

Journals and Magazines

Note: Practice Personal Hygiene Protocols at all times. 12

Learning Competency with Code

__________1. Becker A. (2013). Journey. Summerville, MA: Candlewick Press.

Note: Practice Personal Hygiene Protocols at all times. 13

Exercise 3. Write an in-text/parenthetical citation in MLA and APA styles for

Quotation MLA APA

Note: Practice Personal Hygiene Protocols at all times. 14

Exercise 4. Write a bibliography entry in MLA and APA style for

Note: Practice Personal Hygiene Protocols at all times. 15

Note: Practice Personal Hygiene Protocols at all times. 16

Note: Practice Personal Hygiene Protocols at all times. 17

Note: Practice Personal Hygiene Protocols at all times. 18

Note: Practice Personal Hygiene Protocols at all times. 19

MICHAEL JOHN ANTHONY R. FUGABAN

Note: Practice Personal Hygiene Protocols at all times. 20

LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEETS

Name of Learner : ___________ Grade Level :

Name of Learner: _______________ Grade Level:

Section: ____________ Score: _

Name of Learner: _______________ Grade Level: _

A pandemic (1.) (hit, visited, accompanied) us. It (2.) (brought,