Department of Electronics and

Telecommunication Engineering
Exp. No. 9
Semester B.E. Semester VII – Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering
Subject Optical Communication
Subject Professor
Dr. Dhananjay Patel
In-charge
Assisting Teachers Dr. Dhananjay Patel

Student Name Prasad Ganesh Rane

Roll Number 17104A0037

Experiment
09
Number
Experiment
To observe effect of Four Wave Mixing (FWM).
Title
Resources /
Hardware: Software: Optisystem Software
Apparatus
Laptop / Desktop
Required
Description • Four-wave mixing (FWM) is an intermodulation phenomenon in non-linear
of the optics, whereby interactions between two or three wavelengths produce two
experiment
or one new wavelengths.
• It is similar to the third-order intercept point in electrical systems. Four-wave
mixing can be compared to the intermodulation distortion in standard
electrical systems. It is a parametric nonlinear process, in that the energy of
the incoming photons is conserved.
• FWM is a phase-sensitive process, in that the efficiency of the process is
strongly affected by phase matching conditions.
• FWM finds applications in optical phase conjugation, parametric
amplification, supercontinuum generation, Vacuum Ultraviolet light
generation and in microresonator based frequency comb generation.
Parametric amplifiers and oscillators based on four-wave mixing use the
third order nonlinearity, as opposed to most typical parametric oscillators
which use the second-order nonlinearity.
• Apart from these classical applications, four-wave mixing has shown promise
in the quantum optical regime for generating single photons,correlated
photon pairs, squeezed light and entangled photons.
 Department of Electronics and
Telecommunication Engineering
Exp. No. 9
Simulation
setup

Parameters Settings:
CW Laser 1 Power: 35 dBm, Frequency: 1515 nm
CW Laser 2 Power: 0 dBm, Frequency: 1515.5 nm
WDM MUX 2 X 1: Bandwidth: 1000 GHz
Length of Fiber: 1 Km to 50 Km (in the interval of 5 Km)
 Department of Electronics and
Telecommunication Engineering
Exp. No. 9
Spectrums • CW Laser 1 Power= 35dBm, CW Laser 2 Power= 0dbm, Fiber Length= 1Km
and graphs

• CW Laser 1 Power= 35dBm, CW Laser 2 Power= 0dbm, Fiber Length= 5Km

• CW Laser 1 Power= 35dBm, CW Laser 2 Power= 0dbm, Fiber Length= 10Km

 Department of Electronics and
Telecommunication Engineering
Exp. No. 9
• CW Laser 1 Power= 35dBm, CW Laser 2 Power= 0dbm, Fiber Length= 15Km

• CW Laser 1 Power= 35dBm, CW Laser 2 Power= 0dbm, Fiber Length= 20Km

• CW Laser 1 Power= 35dBm, CW Laser 2 Power= 0dbm, Fiber Length= 25Km

 Department of Electronics and
Telecommunication Engineering
Exp. No. 9

• CW Laser 1 Power= 35dBm, CW Laser 2 Power= 0dbm, Fiber Length= 30Km

CW Laser 1 Power= 35dBm, CW Laser 2 Power= 0dbm, Fiber Length= 35Km

• CW Laser 1 Power= 35dBm, CW Laser 2 Power= 0dbm, Fiber Length= 40Km

 Department of Electronics and
Telecommunication Engineering
Exp. No. 9
• CW Laser 1 Power= 35dBm, CW Laser 2 Power= 0dbm, Fiber Length= 45Km

• CW Laser 1 Power= 35dBm, CW Laser 2 Power= 0dbm, Fiber Length= 50Km

Inferences • In four wave mixing, two signals are mixed using a MUX. But on the output side post
mixing we receive 4 signals.
• At first when the power of transmitted power is kept 0dbm then the value of the two
harmonics generated is observed to be -60dbm which is extremely low and hence can
be neglected.
• But as the power of the signal is increased further for the input signal the power of the
harmonic starts getting into the positive range and can no longer be considered
negligible. Moreover when both the signals share a high power level it leads to
generation of more no. of harmonics due to inter mixing of signals.
Conclusion In Four wave mixing, the number of harmonics generated as well as, power level of the
output signal received is directly proportional to the power level of the input signals used
to generate the signal. This phenomenon results in Cross talk.