INTERPRETATION OF RESULTS

Vinegar is an aqueous solution of acetic acid (CH3COOH), typically contains 5-8% of

acetic acid in volume. It is a weak monoprotic acid that reacts to a strong base such as NaOH,

with a ratio of 1:1. Since vinegar has various levels of acetic acid present in them, experiments

such as Vinegar Analyses were conducted to investigate for its acid concentration.

This experiment is designed to determine the molar concentration of acetic acid present

in an unknown sample of vinegar by titrating it with a standard NaOH solution. The Titration

process is a common laboratory method used to determine an unknown concentration of a known

analyte using quantitative chemical analysis (Medwick and Kirschner, 2010).

In the experiment the researchers have taken consideration of using phenolphthalein as an

indicator for the titration experiment. Phenolphthalein is an acid-base titration indicator which

becomes colorless in acid solutions and pink in base solutions. This helped to determined

whether the unknown sample had already been neutralized.

The preliminary data presented in the experiment include the mass of unknown vinegar,

the initial and final buret reading in milliliters, and the molar concentration of sodium hydroxide

(NaOH) solution in mole per liter.

Using the formula for Moles, Molarity, and Mass percent. The researchers have answered

the identity of the unknown vinegar sample. According to Gleichman (2020), Molarity is the

amount of substance in a certain volume of solution also known as molar concentration. This

helps the researchers to find out the amount of NaOH base to neutralize the acetic acid.

In calculating for the moles of NaOH the researcher multiplied the molar concentration of

NaOH with its volume (subtracting the final and initial buret reading). Since acetic acid is a

monoprotic acid it has the same mole content as the sodium hydroxide.
 In solving for the mass of CH3COOH, the researchers multiplied its mole and molecular

weight to each other. Lastly, for the percent by mass of CH 3COOH in vinegar, the mass of acetic

acid was divided by the mass of the vinegar and multiplied by 100%.

The experiment was done three times to validate each empirical data and to generate a

statistically significant value for representation.

Table1. data sheet.

A. Preparation of Vinegar Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3

Sample
1. Mass of unknown vinegar 5.1 5.2 4.9
sample (g)
B. Analysis of Vinegar Sample
1. Buret reading, initial (mL) 0.1 0.1 0
2. Buret reading, final (mL) 44.2 44.1 42.2
3. Volume of NaOH used (mL) 44.1 44.0 42.2
4. Molar concentration of 0.1 0.1 0.1
NaOH solution (mol/L)
5. Moles of NaOH added (mol) 0.00441 0.00440 0.00422
6. Moles of CH3COOH in 0.00441 0.00440 0.00422
vinegar (mol)
7. Mass of CH3COOH in 0.2649 0.2643 0.2535
vinegar (g)
8. Percent by mass of 5.20 5.08 5.17
CH3COOH in vinegar (%)
9. Average % by mass of CH3COOH in sample 5.15%

Table 2, on the other hand, shows the sample verification for the unknown sample in the
solution based on the given data.

Table 2: Sample Verification

UNKNOWN SAMPLE INDENTITY C

VINEGAR SAMPLE % by mass of acetic acid

 A 2.90%
B 3.40%
C 5.15%
D 4.10%
E 3.90%
F 4.60%

Through solving the acquired values, the researcher had answered the type of unknown

sample is the vinegar. The identity of the Vinegar is type C with 5.15% by mass of acetic acid

present.

CONCLUSION

The experiment was

The conclusion includes the following: restatement and evaluation of experiment

objectives, final thoughts on experimental discussion, learnings and key concepts, universalize

such as comparing other situations or set-ups, reiterating mistakes/experimental errors and ways

to minimize them, recommendations for future researchers, and suggestions for improving the

experimental method. Conclusion should be between 1-3 pages long. Minimize use of

graphs/figures in this part. Being brief, concise and straightforward is key.

(Use APA or MLA format for journals, books, websites, etc.). I recommend using Mendeley
plug-in for MS Word. Use single spacing for references. Remove this red text when submitting!
Maximum SafeAssign % similarity: 30% + 5% for each citation, maximum 50%.
REFERENCES

Hoffa, D. W., & Freeman, S. A. (2007). The impact of laboratory report format on student
learning. International Journal of Engineering Education, 23(1), 105–113.
(APA format)