2017

EARTH RESISTIVITY TEST REPORT

NAME OF THE PROJECT: STUDIES WORK FOR ANDHAPRADESH MEDTECH ZONE

(AMTZ), VISHAKHAPATNAM, ANDHAPRADESH
LOCATION: SUB‐STATION, ANDHAPRADESH

Report Ref. No: IDAX/REP/2017060007/FD‐ERT/2017‐18/424

TESTING AGENCY:
IDAX CONSULTING & RESEARCH PVT.LTD.
Plot No. - 5016, Duplex-E, Brundaban Enclave, VSS Nagar,
Bhubaneswar-751007, Odisha (INDIA).
Tel: +91-674-3199991, 2360019, Fax: +91-674-2360019
E-mail: info@idaxconsulting.com
Web: www.idaxconsulting.com

Date of Test: 06.07.2017

Date of Submission of Report: 08.07.2017
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1. INTRODUCTION:
The Earth Resistivity Test (ERT) of soil was carried out at site for STUDIES WORK FOR
ANDHRAPRADESH MEDTECH ZONE (AMTZ), VISHAKHAPATNAM, ANDHRAPRADESH. with
the aim to determine an average value of electrical resistivity of soil for design of safe
earthing system. The Earth resistivity field test was done in 06/07/2017 at one location
given as directed by the client.

2. PURPOSE OF INVESTIGATION:
The purpose of this investigation is to determine an average value of electrical
resistivity of subsurface for design of safe earthing system with the help of
Microprocessor based electrical resistivity meter model DET-Auto.

3. GEOPHYSICAL INVESTIGATION:
Geophysical investigation was carried out as per IS: 3043-1987 on the basis of Earth
Resistivity meter model no. DET-Auto. Wenner’s four-electrode method is used to
determine the earth resistivity.

4. WENNER’S CONFIGURATION:
This is one of the most commonly used arrays proposed by Wenner in 1916. Four
electrodes A, B, M, and N are placed at the surface of the ground along a straight
symmetrically about a point O. The observation point in such a way that the distance
between AM = MN =NB = a., Where ‘a’ is called electrode separation see fig. 1.
Current ‘I’ is sent generally through outer electrodes A and B and the potential
difference (V) is measured between M and N. The instrument multification factor is f.

Apparent Resistivity,  = 2aR (As per IS: 3043 – 1987, Clause No. : 36.3.1.2)

A M N B
a a a

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5. Survey Procedure:
Resistivity sounding is used to make investigations along the depth. In this method
the center of configuration is kept fixed and measurements are made by successively
increasing electrode spacing. The apparent resistivity values obtained with increasing
values of electrode separations are used to estimate the thickness and resistivity of
the subsurface formations. In Wenner’s configuration all the four electrodes are
arranged in a line at a equal distance ‘a’ between the consecutive electrodes.
Measurements were taken at 1m,2m,3m & 5.0m. Current is sent through the outer
electrodes and the potential difference is measured between the inner electrodes.
The Resistance (R = V/I) is measured for each electrode separation and apparent
resistivity is calculated by multiplying value of ‘R’ with Wenner configuration factor
(2a), where ‘a’ is the uniform distance between the elctrodes. The computation of
the sounding data is discussed in the subsequent section.

6. Computation of Earth Resistivity:

When the earth resistivity readings for different electrode spacing in a direction are
within 20 to 30%, the soil is considered to be uniform. When the spacing is increased
gradually from low values, at a stage, it may be found that the resistivity readings are
more or less constant irrespective of the increase in the electrode spacing. The
resistivity for this spacing is noted and taken as the resistivity for that direction. In a
similar manner, resistivity for at least one equally spaced direction from the center of
the site are measured. These resistivity are plotted in a graph sheet in the appropriate
directions choosing a scale. A closed curve is plotted on the graph sheets jointing all
the resistivity points plotted to get the polar resistivity curve. The area inside the polar
resistivity curve is measured and equivalent circle of the same area is found out. The
radius of this equivalent circle is the average resistivity of the site under consideration.
The average resistivity thus obtained may be used for the design of the earthing grid
at that particular depth.

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7. Results:
I. The electric resistivity test of the site were performed in 06/07/2017 at one location as
suggested by client.

II. Measured surface resistivity data is attached separately.

III. Average Resistivity / Equivalent Radius from polar curve is 14.927 ohm-m.

8. LIMITATION
The Electrical resistivity testing has been carried out at the location chosen by the
client. In general resistivity values are influenced by water, presence of dissolved ions
in soil media and nature of strata. Recommendations made in the report are hence
valid only for tested locations only. However if there is any change in subsoil
conditions and properties at places beyond chosen test locations, the soil consultants
to be contacted for further guidance.

For IDAX CONSULTING & RESEARCH PVT.LTD.

Engineer – Civil (Soil) (Head - Civil)

Er. Pratiksha Ray Er. Deepak Kumar Mallick
B. Tech- Civil B. Tech (Hons.) – Civil (IIT Kharagpur)

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DETERMINATION OF EARTH RESISTIVITY

CLIENT: ANDHRA PRADESH MEDTECH ZONE LIMITED

STUDIES WORK FOR ANDHAPRADESH MEDTECH ZONE (AMTZ), VISHAKHAPATNAM,

PROJECT :
ANDHAPRADESH

LOCATION: SUB- STATION

CO-ORDINATES: N- 1950579.220 E- 79279.919

TEMPERATURE: 36.4°C HUMIDITY: 47%
PROJECT NO.: 2017060007

METHOD OF RESISTIVITY SURVEY : Wenner's Method as per IS:3043-1987

Direction: North
Test Electrodes Test Electrodes Distance Apparent
Resistance, Ohm Current Factor
AB / 2 MN / 2 'a' Resistivity
in m in m in m R=V/I f '' = 2aRf
1.50 0.50 1.00 2.460 1 15.457
3.00 1.00 2.00 1.000 1 12.566
4.50 1.50 3.00 1.000 1 18.850
7.50 2.50 5.00 0.360 1 11.310

Direction: North-East
Test Electrodes Test Electrodes Distance Apparent
Resistance, Ohm Current Factor
AB / 2 MN / 2 'a' Resistivity
in m in m in m R=V/I f '' = 2aRf
1.50 0.50 1.00 2.000 1 12.566
3.00 1.00 2.00 0.860 1 10.807
4.50 1.50 3.00 0.590 1 11.121
7.50 2.50 5.00 0.300 1 9.425

Direction: East
Test Electrodes Test Electrodes Distance Apparent
Resistance, Ohm Current Factor
AB / 2 MN / 2 'a' Resistivity
in m in m in m R=V/I f '' = 2aRf
1.50 0.50 1.00 1.120 1 7.037
3.00 1.00 2.00 0.770 1 9.676
4.50 1.50 3.00 0.490 1 9.236
7.50 2.50 5.00 0.390 1 12.252

Direction: South-East
Test Electrodes Test Electrodes Distance Apparent
Resistance, Ohm Current Factor
AB / 2 MN / 2 'a' Resistivity
in m in m in m R=V/I f '' = 2aRf
1.50 0.50 1.00 0.990 1 6.220
3.00 1.00 2.00 0.910 1 11.435
4.50 1.50 3.00 0.750 1 14.137
7.50 2.50 5.00 0.470 1 14.765

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Direction: South
Test Electrodes Test Electrodes Distance Apparent
Resistance, Ohm Current Factor
AB / 2 MN / 2 'a' Resistivity
in m in m in m R=V/I f '' = 2aRf
1.50 0.50 1.00 0.930 1 5.843
3.00 1.00 2.00 1.270 1 15.959
4.50 1.50 3.00 0.860 1 16.211
7.50 2.50 5.00 0.830 1 26.075

Direction: South-West
Test Electrodes Test Electrodes Distance Apparent
Resistance, Ohm Current Factor
AB / 2 MN / 2 'a' Resistivity
in m in m in m R=V/I f '' = 2aRf
1.50 0.50 1.00 1.410 1 8.859
3.00 1.00 2.00 1.400 1 17.593
4.50 1.50 3.00 0.680 1 12.818
7.50 2.50 5.00 0.540 1 16.965

Direction: West
Test Electrodes Test Electrodes Distance Apparent
Resistance, Ohm Current Factor
AB / 2 MN / 2 'a' Resistivity
in m in m in m R=V/I f '' = 2aRf
1.50 0.50 1.00 2.110 1 13.258
3.00 1.00 2.00 1.170 1 14.703
4.50 1.50 3.00 0.600 1 11.310
7.50 2.50 5.00 0.390 1 12.252

Direction: North-West
Test Electrodes Test Electrodes Distance Apparent
Resistance, Ohm Current Factor
AB / 2 MN / 2 'a' Resistivity
in m in m in m R=V/I f '' = 2aRf
1.50 0.50 1.00 2.520 1 15.834
3.00 1.00 2.00 1.690 1 21.237
4.50 1.50 3.00 0.770 1 14.514
7.50 2.50 5.00 0.550 1 17.279

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Project Code‐ 2017060007_ERT

Results of Electrical Resistivity

IDAX CONSULTING & RESEARCH PVT.LTD.

Wenner Method (IS-3043)
Project No: 2017060007

Client: ANDHRA PRADESH MEDTECH ZONE LIMITED

Project: STUDIES WORK FOR ANDHAPRADESH MEDTECH ZONE (AMTZ), VISHAKHAPATNAM, ANDHAPRADESH

Co-ordinates: N- 1950579.220 E- 79279.919

Temperature: 36.4°C Humidity: 47%

Location SUB- STATION

Method of Resistivity Survey: Wenner's Method

Electric Resistivity: r in ohm-meter = 2aR (Ω.m)

where a = Distance between two successive electrodes in meter (m)

R = V/I = Resistance in ohm (Ω)

Direction of Test
Avg. Maximum Minimum
Electrodes Electrodes Distancs
North North-East East South-East South South-West West Nourth West Resistivity Resistivity Resistivity
AB / 2 MN / 2 'a'
Sr. No. at Depth at Depth at Depth

m m m R (Ω) f ρ(Ω.m) R (Ω) f ρ(Ω.m) R (Ω) f ρ(Ω.m) R (Ω) f ρ(Ω.m) R (Ω) f ρ(Ω.m) R (Ω) f ρ(Ω.m) R (Ω) f ρ(Ω.m) R (Ω) f ρ(Ω.m) ρavg(Ω.m) ρmax(Ω.m) ρmin(Ω.m)

1 1.50 0.50 1.00 2.460 1 15.457 2.000 1 12.566 1.120 1 7.037 0.990 1 6.220 0.930 1 5.843 1.410 1 8.859 2.110 1 13.258 2.520 1 15.834 10.634 15.834 5.843

2 3.00 1.00 2.00 1.000 1 12.566 0.860 1 10.807 0.770 1 9.676 0.910 1 11.435 1.270 1 15.959 1.400 1 17.593 1.170 1 14.703 1.690 1 21.237 14.247 21.237 9.676

3 4.50 1.50 3.00 1.000 1 18.850 0.590 1 11.121 0.490 1 9.236 0.750 1 14.137 0.860 1 16.211 0.680 1 12.818 0.600 1 11.310 0.770 1 14.514 13.525 18.850 9.236

4 7.50 2.50 5.00 0.360 1 11.310 0.300 1 9.425 0.390 1 12.252 0.470 1 14.765 0.830 1 26.075 0.540 1 16.965 0.390 1 12.252 0.550 1 17.279 15.040 26.075 9.425
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Average Resistivity in Direction 14.546 10.980 9.550 11.640 16.022 14.059 12.881 17.216 13.362
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