15EEL47 Electrical Machines Laboratory - 2

EXPT. No:
DATE:
SPEED CONTROL OF D.C. SHUNT MOTOR

AIM: To control the speed of a D.C. shunt motor by:

1. Armature control method
2. Flux or field control method.

APPARATUS:
Meter :
Range Quantity
Ammeter (MC) 0–1A: 1 No.
Voltmeter (MC) :
0 – 300 V
Rheostats :
18 Ohm 1 each
200 Ohm
Tachometer : 1No.

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:

220 Ohm
Cut-Out 18 Ohm
Cut-In

+
Z
Z
-
S
M V
VA
230 Volt, 0 – 300V MC
DC Supply
ZZ
Z
If A 0–2A
MC

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM FOR THE SPEED CONTROL OF DC SHUNT MOTOR

ARMATURE CONTROL AND FIELD CONTROL METHODS

Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering, Page 1

Bangalore Institute of Technology, Bangalore – 560 004.
 15EEL47 Electrical Machines Laboratory - 2

THEORY: Student should write about the following:

1. Speed equation of DC shunt motor
2. Different methods of speed control of DC Shunt motor, their advantages and
disadvantages.

PROCEDURES:
Procedure for armature voltage method:
1. Connections are made as shown in the circuit diagram.
2. With 18 Ohms rheostat in cut-in position, 200 Ohms rheostat cut – out
position and the spring balance reading zero, the supply switch is closed.
3. The reading of the voltmeter connected across the armature and the speed of
the motor are to be noted down in the tabular column.
4. The motor speed is varied in steps by cutting out the 18 ohm rheostat
connected in the armature circuit in steps and at every step the voltmeter
reading and the speed of the motor are to be noted down in the tabular column.
4. The above step is to be repeated till the 18 ohm rheostat is completely cut out.
Procedure for field control method:
5. With 18 ohm rheostat in complete cutout position, the field current indicated
by the ammeter connected in the field winding of the motor and the speed of the
motor are to be noted down in the tabular column.
6. Vary the resistance of the field winding by varying the 220 ohm rheostat
connected in the field circuit of the motor to vary the field current in steps and
the current and the speed of the motor should be noted down..
7. the rheostats connected in the circuits are brought to the initial positions and
the supply switch is opened.

OBSERVATIONS:
NAME PLATE DETAILS
Rating :
Rated Voltage :
Rated Input current :
Rated field current :
Rated load speed :

Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering, Page 2

Bangalore Institute of Technology, Bangalore – 560 004.
 15EEL47 Electrical Machines Laboratory - 2

TABULAR COLUMNS:
1. Armature voltage method:
Field current = Amp.

S. Armature Speed, N
No. Voltage, rpm
V Volt

2. Field control method:

Armature Voltage = Volts.

S. Armature Speed, N
No. Voltage, rpm
V Volt

Graphs:
Following graphs are to be plotted from the calculations:
1. Armature Voltage Vs Speed
.
2. Field current Vs Speed

RESULT:
Student should discuss the test results very briefly indicating the graphs
plotted. They should also comment on the performance of the motor using the
graphs plotted.

Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering, Page 3

Bangalore Institute of Technology, Bangalore – 560 004.
 15EEL47 Electrical Machines Laboratory - 2

EXPECTED SHAPE OF GRAPHS:

Speed in r.p.m.

Speed in r.p.m.
Armature Voltage Field Current

Armature voltage ControlField Control

Answer the following questions:

1. Why the d.c. motor requires a starter.

2. Mention different methods of seed control of d.c shunt motor.
3. What are the methods of speed control of a d.c. series motor.
4. What happens if the supply terminals of the d.c shunt motor are reversed?
5. A shunt motor is running at rated speed. Suddenly the field circuit gets
opened, with armature still connected to supply what happens to the motor, will
it run at the same speed? If not, way?
6. What are the advantages of armature control of speed of a shunt motor, what
are the dis-advantages?
7. What are the advantages and disadvantages of flux control method of speed
of the motor.
8. Mention various methods of speed control of d.c series motor.
9. Why the series motor is to be started with some load on it?
10.The supply terminals of a d.c. series motor are reversed will the motor run in
the reverse direction or not. Justify your answer.
11. Is it possible to obtain speeds below the normal by field rheostat control?
12.1s it possible to obtain speeds above the normal value by armature resistance
control?

Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering, Page 4

Bangalore Institute of Technology, Bangalore – 560 004.