Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Lecture1 PDF
Lecture1 PDF
Fatigue failure
collapsing of bridges,
damages in transmission lines
damages to offshore structures.
Forced chatter : Force chatter originates in the driving system ( for eg. from a
motor) and gets transmitted to the cutting zone.
Self excited chatter : Self excited chatter is generated due to uneven surface of the
work piece, fractures of metal swarf etc.
Such torsional oscillations are caused either due to the periodic accelerations of the pistons, rods and
cranks or due to the periodic variation in gas pressure inside the engine cylinder.
The challenge is to isolate the payload such that at three different sinusoidal excitations of frequencies
5Hz, 25Hz and 100 Hz, the vibration amplitude is to be reduced by 20 dB. The isolation is achieved by
the hexapod assembly by using stiff piezoelectric actuators that extend and contract in response to the
vibration originating at the base. This hexapod assembly is commonly known as Active Stewart Platform.
Vibrating system
Excitation and
Response
Every vibrating system, in general, comprises of three parameters, these are Inertia, Stiffness, and
Damping.
E: modulus of elasticity
I: area moment
l: length of candilever beam
E: modulus of elasticity
I: area moment
l: length of candilever beam
E: modulus of elasticity
I: area moment
l: length of candilever beam
E: modulus of elasticity
I: area moment
E - Elastic modulus
I: area moment
l: length of cantilever beam
Damping
Damping is the most difficult parameter among the three parameters. Various mechanisms, indeices
and measures are used to model damping.
Some of the simple damping models are: Viscous damping, Coulomb Friction and Material damping
model.
Viscous damping
Coulomb Damping
m = mass
k = spring constant
Here, Excitation is the applied dynamic force and Response is Monitored in terms of
displacement or velocity .
The excitation and response of a system are often characterized by the physical variables, such as:
Displacement,
Velocity,
Acceleration,
Stress and Noise etc.
The selection of these variables depends on various factors, such as the nature of the problem and the
objective of the analysis. A typical example will clarify this issue.
Analysis of ride-comfort