Machine Dynamics & Drive Systems Technology

Assoc. Dr. Nguyen Quoc Hung

Division of Computational Engineering
Faculty of Engineering
Office: A3.11
Phone: 0938485812
E-mail: hung.nq@vgu.edu.vn
Website: https://sites.google.com/site/MDDS2018/
Reference website:
http://www.codecogs.com/library/engineering/theory_of
_machines/mechanisms.php
 Learning Outcomes:

 This course gives basic strategies for designing power-trains.

After completing this course the students know the requirements
which are laid down on power-trains as well as all components
and their properties.
The students acquire the ability to apply methods for analyzing
dynamics of machines on concrete examples. Furthermore, they
learn methods for determining natural and excitation frequencies
in the power-train. They know approaches of dynamic
simulations of power-trains and are able to interpret simulation
results.
 Contents

Part 1: KINEMATICS OF MECHANISMS

Part 2: DESIGN OF MECHANISMS & POWER TRAIN
Part 3: DYNAMICS OF MACHINES & VIBRATIONS
 Grading

 Random exercises 10%

 Homework 15%

 Group Project and Presentation 25%

 Final Exam 50%

 Books
Text book
 Theory of Machines: R.S. Khurmi, J.K. Gupta (2005)
 Design of Machinery: An Introduction to the Synthesis and Analysis of Mechanisms and
Machines, Robert L. Norton, 3rd Edition
 Shigley's Mechanical Engineering Design, 10 th Edition (2014)

Reference Book
 THEORY OF MACHINES AND MECHANISMS, Third Edition,
John J. Dicker, Jr
 Theory of Machines-S S Rattan (2014)
Chapter 0 –Introduction to Machine Design

I. Introduction to Engineering Design Process

1./ Product Development Consideration
Functional /Features/Performance
Safe
Reliable
Durable
Competitive/Cost
Usable
Manufacturable
Aesthetics
Marketable
2/ Design Considerations
Functionality • Friction
Strength/Stress
• Weight
Distortion/deflection/stiffness
Wear
• Life
Corrosion • Noise
Safety • Styling
Reliability
• Shape
Manufacturability
Utility • Size
Cost • Control
• Thermal properties
• Surface
3/ DESCRIPTION OF DESIGN PROCESS
The design paradox between design knowledge and design
freedom
4 / Total Life Circle
5/ IMPORTANCE OF ENGINEERING DESIGN
PROCESS
6/ Economics in engineering design
Standard Sizes- large quantities part usually low cost
Large Tolerances- tolerances, manufacturing process and
surface finish are related. Close tolerances required
additional step in manufacturing process.
Breakeven Points- two or more design are compared for
cost, the choice depending on a conditions such as the
production, the speed of assembly lines, and others. The
point corresponding to equal cost.
Cost Estimates- compare of two or more design. Example
weight, number of parts, application (area, volume, various
performance…)
Cost versus
bud21932_0102.jpg
tolerance/mach
ining process
Example: Breakeven point
Consider a situation in which a certain part can be manufactured
at the rate of 25 parts per hour on automatic screw machine or 10
parts per hour on a hand screw machine. The setup time for the
automatic is 3h and that the labor cost for either machine is $20
per hour, including overhead.
II. Definitions and Fundamentals in Machine Design
1/ Sub-divisions of Machine Design
1. Kinematics. It is that branch of Theory of Machines which
deals with the relative motion between the various parts of the
machines.
2. Dynamics. It is that branch of Theory of Machines which deals
with the forces and their effects, while acting upon the machine
parts in motion.
3. Kinetics. Kinetics is that part of dynamics in which we study only
the effects of force without describing the motion => Dynamics=
Kinematics + Kinetics
4. Statics. It is that branch of Theory of Machines which deals with
the forces and their effects while the machine parts are at rest.
The mass of the parts is assumed to be negligible.
II. Definitions and Fundamentals in Machine Design
2/ Units in Machine design
1. Fundamental Units: Length (L or l ), 2. Mass (M or m), and 3. Time (t).
2. Derived units: Some units are expressed in terms of fundamental units
known as derived units, e.g., the units of area, velocity, acceleration,
pressure, etc.
3. Systems of Units: There are only four systems of units, which are
commonly used and universally recognised. These are known as:
1. C.G.S. units, 2. F.P.S. units, 3. M.K.S. units, and 4. S.I. units.
III. Kinematics of Motion
1/ Linear Motion
Linear velocity

Linear Acceleration

Equations of Linear Motion

III. Kinematics of Motion
Graphical Representation with Respect to Time
III. Kinematics of Motion
2/ Angular Motion
Angular velocity

Angular Acceleration

Equations of Linear Motion

III. Kinematics of Motion
3/ Relation between Linear and Angular Quantities of Motion
III. Kinematics of Motion
4/ Acceleration of a Particle along a Circular Path

Tangential component of the acceleration

Normal component of the acceleration

III. Kinetics of Motion
1/ Newton’s Laws of Motion
1. Newton’s First Law of Motion. It states, “Every body continues in its state of
rest or of uniform motion in a straight line, unless acted upon by some external
force.”
This is also known as Law of Inertia.
2. Newton’s Second Law of Motion. It states, “The rate of change of momentum
is directly proportional to the impressed force and takes place in the same
direction in which the force acts.”
3. Newton’s Third Law of Motion. It states, “To every action, there is always
an equal and opposite reaction.”
2/ Mass and Weight

3/ Momentum
III. Kinetics of Motion
4/ Force

5/ Moment of a Force
It is the turning effect produced by a force, on the body, on which it
acts.

6/ Couple
The two equal and opposite parallel
forces, whose lines of action are Moment of a couple = F × x
different, form a couple
7/ Centripetal and Centrifugal Force
III. Kinetics of Motion
8/ Torque: is defined as the product of force and the perpendicular distance of its line of
action from the given point or axis.

9/Work and power

10/Energy: may be defined as the capacity to do work. The energy exists in many
forms e.g. mechanical,electrical, chemical, heat, light etc
1. Potential energy. It is the energy possessed by a body for doing work, by virtue of its
position. Ex: Gravity: PE=mgh, Spring: PE=(1/2)kx 2
2. Kinetic energy: is the energy possessed by a body, for doing work, by virtue of its
mass and velocity of motion.
III. Kinetics of Motion
11/ Principle of Conservation of Energy
It states “The energy can neither be created nor destroyed, though it can be
transformed
from one formand
11/ Impulse intoImpulsive
any of theForce
forms, in which the energy can exist.”

12/ Principle of Conservation of Momentum

It states “The total momentum of a system of masses (i.e. moving bodies) in any one
direction
remains constant, unless acted upon by an external force in that direction.”
III. Kinetics of Motion
13/ Energy Lost by Friction Clutch During Engagement
III. Kinetics of Motion
13/ Energy Lost by Friction Clutch During Engagement
III. Kinetics of Motion
14/ Torque Required to Accelerate a Geared System
III. Kinetics of Motion
15/ Collision of Inelastic Bodies: The two bodies will remain together after impact and
will move together with a common velocity
III. Kinetics of Motion
16/ Collision of elastic Bodies: The two bodies are compressed and deformed at the
surface of contact due to their mutual pressures.

Due to the fact that physical bodies are not perfectly elastic, the relative velocity of two
bodies after impact is always less than the relative velocity before impact
=> coefficient of restitution
III. Kinetics of Motion
Loss of Kinetic Energy During Elastic Impact