Basic-Use Relevant Technologies

BOOKKEEPING NC III
SUMMARY OF COMPETENCIES
No. Unit of Competency Module Title Code
Lead workplace Leading workplace

communication 500311109
1 communication
2 Lead small team Leading small team 500311110
3 Develop and practice Developing and practicing

500311111
negotiation skills negotiation skills
4 Solve problems related Solving problems related to

500311112
to work activities work activities
5 Use Mathematical Using Mathematical concepts

concepts and and techniques 500311113
techniques
6 Use relevant Using relevant technologies

500311114
technologies
Date Developed: Document No.

Bookkeeping September 8, 2020 Issued
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Developed by: TESDA-
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Technologies Maria Corazon Anastacia P. Muñiz 57
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HOW TO USE THIS COMPETENCY-BASED LEARNING MATERIAL
Welcome!
The unit of competency, "Use Relevant Technologies", is one of the
Basic competencies of BOOKKEEPING NCIII.
In this module, you are required to go through a series of learning

activities in order to complete each learning outcome. In each learning
outcome are Information Sheets, Self-Checks, Job Sheets and
Performance Criteria Checklist. Follow and perform the activities on your
own. If you have questions, do not hesitate to ask for assistance from your
trainer.
Remember to:
• Work through all the information and complete the activities in each
section.
• Read information sheets and complete the self-check. Suggested
references are included to supplement the materials provided in this
module.
• Most probably, your trainer will also be your supervisor or manager. He
is there to support you and show you the correct way to do things.
• You will be given plenty of opportunities to ask questions and practice on
the job. Make sure you practice your new skills during regular work
shifts. This way, you will improve your speed, memory and your
confidence.
• Use the Self-Checks at the end of each section to test your own progress.
Use the Performance Criteria Checklist found after the sheet to check
your own performance.
• When you feel confident that you have had sufficient practice, ask your
Trainer to evaluate you. The results of your assessment will be recorded
in your Progress Chart and Accomplishment Chart.
You need to be competent in this module before you can perform the next
module.

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RECOGNITION OF PRIOR LEARNING (RPL)
You may have some or most of the knowledge and skills covered in
this learner’s guide because you have:
• Been working for some time.

• Already completed training in this area.
If you can demonstrate to your learner that you are competent in a

particular skill, you don’t have to do the same training again.
If you feel you have some of the skills, talk to your trainer about
having them formally recognized.
If you have qualification or Certificate of Competency from previous

training present it to your trainer.
If the skills you acquired are still relevant to the module, they maybe
become the part of the evidence you can present for RPL.
At the end of this module is a Learner’s Record Book. Use this to

record important dates, jobs undertaken and other workplace events that
will assist you in providing further detail to your trainer or assessors.
A Record of achievements is also provided for your trainer to fill-up

once you completed the module.

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MODULE CONTENT
UNIT OF COMPETENCY : Use Relevant Technologies
MODULE TITLE : Using Relevant Technologies

MODULE DESCRIPTOR :
This unit of competency covers the knowledge, skills, and attitude

required in selecting, sourcing and applying appropriate and affordable
technologies in the workplace.
NOMINAL DURATION : 4 Hours
SUMMARY OF LEARNING OUTCOMES:
Upon completion of this module, the learner must be able to:
LO1. Study/select appropriate technology

LO2. Apply relevant technology
LO3. Maintain/enhance relevant technology
SUMMARY OF ASSESSMENT CRITERIA:
1. Usage of different technologies is determined based on job requirements.

2. Appropriate technology is selected as per work specification.
3. Relevant technology is effectively used in carrying out function.
4. Applicable software and hardware are used as per task requirement.
5. Management concepts are observed and practiced as per established
industry practices
6. Maintenance of technology is applied in accordance with the industry
standard operating procedure, manufacturer’s operating guidelines and
occupational health and safety procedure to ensure its operative ability
7. Updating of technology is maintained through continuing education or
training in accordance with job requirement
8. Technology failure/ defect is immediately reported to the
concern/responsible person or section for appropriate action

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LEARNING OUTCOME SUMMARY
LEARNING OUTCOME No. 1: STUDY/SELECT APPROPRIATE
TECHNOLOGY
CONTENTS:
1. Machineries/Equipment and their application
2. Software/programs
PERFORMANCE CRITERIA:
1. Problem areas are identified based on given condition
2. Mathematical techniques are selected based on the given problem
CONDITIONS:
The learners must be provided with the following:

 Manuals
 Hand-outs
 Multimedia
 Brochures
 CD’s
 Internet Access
 Computer
METHODOLOGY:
 Lecture
 Group Discussion
 Film Showing
ASSESSMENT METHODS:
 Written Test
 Interview

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LEARNING EXPERIENCES
LO No. 1
STUDY/SELECT APPROPRIATE TECHNOLOGY
Learning Activities Special Instruction
Read Information Sheet 6.1-1 on Read the information sheet. After reading
Machineries/Equipment and their the learner is encourage to answer self-
application check
Answer the self-check 6.1-1 on Compare your answer to the answer key
Machineries/Equipment and their
application
Software/Programs the learner is encourage to answer self-
check
Software/Programs

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INFORMATION SHEET No. 6.1-1
MACHINERIES/EQUIPMENT AND THEIR APPLICATION
Learning Objective:
After reading this INFORMATION SHEET, YOU MUST be

knowledgeable with the Machineries/equipment and their application.
.
The impact of technology on our lives, these days can simply, not be
ignored. The 21st century is already being called as the era of science and
technology, and we have advanced so much in this field, in just 18
years. This seems unbelievable but yet it has happened.
From the wrist watch one wears to the cars we drive, every single thing is
digitized. This technology plays a great role in our lives. Many would
disagree with the fact that technology has several benefits. Discussing
advantages of technology would give a better insight to all of us.
Following are the advantages of technology for modern life:
1. Ease Of Access To Information
The World Wide Web, abbreviated as www has made the world a social
village. This is because information from all around the globe is widely
available on the internet. While most of the news you get to see on social
media is purely factual, one may also see image results for particular
news. Not only more news is available, but all such information is also
straightforward to access. All thanks to modern technology.
One can get to read a book in the comfort of their bed and a cup of
coffee. EBooks are available on the internet for this purpose. The modern
technology has replaced radios with televisions, and now even televisions
have been digitized to “LCD’s” and “LED’s”. Efforts are underway to create
more reliable sources of information. All this is possible only because of
technology.
2. Saves Time
Have you ever faced navigation problems in an unfamiliar town? Yes, we all

have faced such issues when we move to a new place. Be it a business trip
or a vacation; modern technology allows you to enjoy your outings by
helping you navigate to anywhere. One can search for a particular place and
then even pinpoint their specific destination. The application itself does
rest. It won’t even let you miss a single turn, and nowadays it even shows
you the traffic situation on your route.

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3. Ease Of Mobility
Ever imagined your life without a car or a bike? Surely not because

technology has placed these things under our foot. The importance of a
vehicle can easily be judged from the fact that the distance between the
United States of America and Australia is nearly 15, 187 kilometers but you
can travel just in 16-17 hours. Even less than in a day and believe me, you
won’t be ever regretting these 16-17 hours of your life. Airplanes, electric
trains and cars which are being improvised every single day have made all
this possible.
4. Better Communication Means
It is a fact that modern technology has replaced the old technology. And we

cannot imagine our lives without this replacement. Letters were the most
common mean of communication less than a century ago, but now no one
would even think of writing a letter because why prefer a parchment on a
video call? Instant messaging and sharing of photos and videos was never so
easy before. We have to accept that it’s only the use of technology, which
makes it harmful otherwise nothing can beat the level of comfort in our lives
because of technology.
5. Cost Efficiency
One of the main goals of technology includes making things cheaper and
more affordable for people. Therefore, people see cost efficiency these days
due to technology. The machinery of great benefit is available for so less
price that we cannot imagine. More often competition takes place between
two or more industries which results in even lesser prices.
6. Innovation In Many Fields
Technology has truly resulted in digitization and modernization in many

fields. Either it is the field of medicine or farming or electronics, technology
has resulted in a global revolution. Better techniques in farming have
resulted in more and healthier food. The technique of “layer farming” takes
even less space and produces more food.
The better health of animals guarantees more yield of dairy and poultry
products. The health sector has also benefited a lot from technology
boom. Even the incurable diseases like cancer have a proper cure
now. There are so many other fields also which cannot survive without the
backbone of technology.
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7. Improved Banking
Less than a decade ago no one ever thought that they would be paying in bit
coins rather than dollars. Crypto currency has recently got viral because of
its usefulness. No one would now have to wait in the long line of banks just
for paying their utility bills.
8. Better Learning Techniques
Bring some fun to your classroom. You can improve your teaching skills and
integrate scientific methods to bring motivation to your students. Many
software and electronic gadgets are introduced to help students with their
education. The simplest example of a calculator can amaze a
person. Multiple calculations and various binary operations, the answer
comes with just a click.
9. Disables, Are Now Able
Modern science and technology have now made nearly everything

possible. Recently, brails which work on electronic pulses have been
invented. Artificial foot, smart sticks and what not is invented. Disabled are
no more disables. They are surely in the long run of success along with the
normal ones.
10. Artificial Intelligence
The new concept of artificial intelligence is growing up fast, and it is gaining

much popularity. The reason behind is that this might bring a whole new
era of revolution. No humans would have to think anymore because the
possibilities are that an AI System would be able to think about how to
improve it. This would give a break to the human generation and probably
one of the greatest favor of modern technology on us.
Conclusion
The 21st century is just 18 years old, and we have seen a revolutionary
blast of technology. People are so much used to of technology that one
cannot even imagine of living without a smartphone or their laptop. From
our food to our education, digitization has been done in every field possible.

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Machinery and equipment defined
"Machinery and equipment" means:
"Industrial fixture" means an item attached to a building or to land.

Fixtures become part of the real estate to which they are attached and upon
attachment are classified as real property, not personal property. Examples
of "industrial fixtures" are fuel oil lines, boilers, crane ways, and certain
concrete slabs.
“Device” is an item that is not attached to the building or site. Examples of

devices are: Forklifts, chainsaws, air compressors, clamps, free standing
shelving, software, ladders, wheelbarrows, and pulleys.
"Support facilities," and "Support facility" means a part of a building, or a

structure or improvement, used to contain or steady an industrial fixture or
device. A support facility must be specially designed and necessary for the
proper functioning of the industrial fixture or device and must perform a
function beyond being a building or a structure or an improvement. It must
have a function relative to an industrial fixture or a device. To determine if
some portion of a building is a support facility, the parts of the building are
examined. For example, a highly specialized structure, like a vibration
reduction slab under a microchip clean room, is a support facility. Without
the slab, the delicate instruments in the clean room would not function
properly. The ceiling and walls of the clean room are not support facilities if
they only serve to define the space and do not have a function relative to an
industrial fixture or a device.
Tangible personal property that becomes an ingredient or component of

any of the above, including repair parts and replacement parts.
"Machinery and equipment" includes pollution control equipment installed

and used in a qualifying operation to prevent air pollution, water pollution,
or contamination that might otherwise result from the operation.
The machinery & equipment must be “used directly in a

manufacturing operation, testing operation, or research and
development operation.”
Items that are not used directly in a qualifying operation are not eligible for
the exemption. The manner in which a person uses an item of machinery
and equipment must match one of these descriptions. If machinery and
equipment is not "used directly" it is not eligible for the exemption.
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Machinery and equipment is "used directly" in a manufacturing operation,
testing operation, or research and development operation, if the machinery
and equipment meets any one of the following criteria:
1. Acts upon or interacts with an item of tangible personal property.

Examples of this are drill presses, cement mixers (agitators), ready-mix
concrete trucks, hot steel rolling machines, rock crushers, and band
saws. Also included is machinery and equipment used to repair,
maintain, or install tangible personal property. Computers qualify
under this criteria if:
1. They direct or control machinery or equipment that acts upon or

interacts with tangible personal property; or
2. If they act upon or interact with an item of tangible personal
property.

2. Conveys, transports, handles, or temporarily stores an item of
tangible personal property at the manufacturing site or the testing
site. Examples of this are wheelbarrows, handcarts, storage racks,
forklifts, tanks, vats, robotic arms, piping, and concrete storage
pads. Floor space in buildings does not qualify.
Items that are used to ship the product or in which the product is
packaged are not eligible under this criterion. This includes materials
used to brace or support an item during transport.
Storage of raw material or other tangible personal property, packaging of

tangible personal property, and other activities that potentially qualify
under the "used directly" criteria, and that do not constitute
manufacturing in and of themselves, must take place at the
manufacturing site to qualify for the exemption.

3. Controls, guides, measures, verifies, aligns, regulates, or tests
tangible personal property at the site or away from the site.
Examples of "away from the site" are road testing of trucks, air testing of
planes, or water testing of boats, with the machinery and equipment
used off site in the testing eligible under this criteria. Machinery and
equipment used to take readings or measurements is eligible under this
criterion.

4. Provides physical support for or access to tangible personal
property. Examples of this are catwalks adjacent to production
equipment, scaffolding around tanks, braces under vats, and ladders
near controls. Machinery and equipment used for access to the building
or to provide a work space for people or a space for tangible personal
property or machinery and equipment, such as stairways or doors, is not
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eligible.

5. Produces power for or lubricates machinery and equipment. A
generator providing power to a sander is an example of machinery and
equipment that produces power for machinery and equipment. An
electrical generating plant that provides power for a building is not
eligible. Lubricating devices, such as hoses, oil guns, pumps, and
meters, whether or not attached to machinery and equipment, are
eligible.

6. Produces another item of tangible personal property for use in
the manufacturing operation, testing operation, or research and
development operation. Machinery and equipment that makes dies,
jigs, or molds, and printers that produce camera-ready images.

7. Places tangible personal property in the container, package, or
wrapping in which the tangible personal property is normally sold or
transported.

8. Is integral to research and development as defined in RCW
82.63.010.
"Integral" means the machinery and equipment is necessary for research
and development.
Example, an electrical apparatus used directly in a research and

development operation need only be “integral” to the research and
development operation to be entitled to the M&E exemption. There is
no requirement that it act upon or interact with an item of tangible
personal property or produce power for machinery and equipment
Examples of items that are not used directly in a qualifying
operation:
 Cafeteria furniture
 Safety equipment not part of qualifying M&E
 Packaging materials
 Shipping materials
 Administrative or office equipment

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Self-check 6.1-1
MACHINERIES/EQUIPMENT AND THEIR APPLICATION
TRUE or FALSE
Directions: Read and understand the statements. Write the word TRUE if
the statement is correct and FALSE if the statement is not correct. Write
your answer on your answer sheet.
1. Industrial fixture is an item attached to a building or to land.
2. Fixtures attached to a building or to land does not become part of

the real estate to which they are attached and upon attachment are
classified as real property, not personal property.
3. Examples of "industrial fixtures" are fuel oil lines, boilers, crane

ways, and certain concrete slabs.
4. One of the main goals of technology includes making things

cheaper and more affordable for people.

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Answer Key 6.1-1
1. True
2. False
3. True
4. True

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SOFTWARE/PROGRAMS
Learning Objective:

knowledgeable in Software/programs.
1. Software is the language of a computer. And like human language, there

are many different computer languages. Essentially, computer software
can be divided into three main groups depending on their use and
application. These are system software or operating system referred
simply as the OS, application software and programming languages.
Usually most of us interact with a computer using application software.
System software or operating system is the software used by the

computer to translate inputs from various sources into a language which
a machine can understand. Basically, the OS coordinates the different
hardware components of a computer. There are many OS in the market.
The most popular OS are from the stable of Microsoft. We have all heard,
used and wondered at the Windows software, which is an OS. Starting
with Windows, Microsoft has migrated to Vista, its latest offering in the
market. It may come as a surprise to some that there are other operating
systems used by others. Among these UNIX is used for large office setups
with extensive networking. XENIX is software which has now become
redundant. HP -UX and AIX are some operating systems used by HP
computers. Apache OS is quite popular with web servers. IBM still uses
proprietary operating systems for its main frames. Proprietary systems
are generally built with the help of a variant of UNIX operating system.
2. Application software: A normal user rarely gets to see the operating

system
or to work with it. But all of us are familiar with application software
which we must use to interact with a computer. Popular examples of
application software are the Microsoft office suite which includes Word,
Excel and PowerPoint. We have used these applications extensively.
Internet explorer, Mozilla Firefox is two applications used to access the
internet. E-mail software like Outlook express is used to manage Emails.
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It is obvious that all software utilized for working on a computer is
classified as application software. In fact all user interfaces are an
application. The anti-virus is an application and so is the Media player.
3. Programming languages: Now this is a kind of computer software which

is used exclusively by computer programmers. Unless we are also
programmers, we are unlikely to come across programming languages. A
simple way to understand programming languages is to think of them as
bricks which can be used to create applications and operating system. C+
+, Java and Simlab are some popular programming languages. Generally
Java is used for internet applications. C++ is a language of professional
developers and used extensively in developing operating systems. PHP is
another language used for internet applications. There is a new class of
languages which are being utilized for the mobiles. These are light
weight, modular languages which are used to design mobile applications.
Computer software falls under three basic categories; System software or

operating system, application software and programming languages. We
usually use applications on a day to day basis. These applications are
themselves created using programming languages.

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Self-Check 6.1-2
SOFTWARE/PROGRAMS
MULTIPLE CHOICE:
Directions: Choose the best answer. Write the letter of your choice on a
separate sheet.
1. The software used by the computer to translate inputs from various

sources into a language which a machine can understand.
a. Application software
b. Operating System
c. Programming language
d. Firmware
2. Software utilized for working on a computer is classified as
a. Application Software
b. Operating System
d. Firmware
3. Computer software which is used exclusively used by computer

programmers.
b. Operating System
d. Firmware
4. A software program or set of instructions programmed on a hardware

device. It provides the necessary instructions for how the device
communicates with the other computer hardware.

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b. Operating System
d. Firmware
Answer Key 6.1-2
1. B
2. A
3. C
4. D

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LEARNING OUTCOME No. 2: Apply Relevant Technology
CONTENTS:
1. Office Technology
2. System Technology
3. Different Softwares/hardwares
1. Relevant technology is effectively used in carrying out function
2. Applicable software and hardware are used as per task requirement
3. Management concepts are observed and practiced as per established industry
practices
CONDITIONS:
The students/trainees must be provided with the following:
 Manuals
 Hand-outs
 Multimedia
 Video
 Brochures
 CD’s
 Internet access
 Computer
METHODOLOGY:
 Lecture
 Group discussion
 Film showing
ASSESSMENT METHODS:
 Written Test
 Interview

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LO No. 2
APPLY RELEVANT TECHNOLOGY
Office Technology the learner is encourage to answer self-
check
Answer the self-check 6.2-1 on Read the information sheet. After reading
Office Technology the learner is encourage to answer self-
check
System Technology the learner is encourage to answer self-
check
System Technology
Different softwares/hardwares the learner is encourage to answer self-
check
Different softwares/hardwares

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OFFICE TECHNOLOGY
Learning Objective:

knowledgeable with Office Technology.
USAGE OF DIFFERENT TECHNOLOGIES IS DETERMINED BASED ON

BUSINESS REQUIREMENTS
Essential Office Equipment for Starting a Business
Starting up a business or office will require both office furniture and office

equipment. Purchasing office equipment, such as computers, software,
printers, fax machines, and network equipment will most likely be your
second largest startup expense. If you plan carefully you will be able to
control your office equipment expenditures by only buying the essential
equipment you really need. The following is a list of the essential office
equipment that you will likely need in your office.
Business Telephone System
Perhaps the primary means you will use for communicating with customers
and vendors will be the telephone. Understanding what services, features,
and options are available will help buy the right size phone system for the
right price for your business.
Computers and Software
Information is the lifeblood of any successful organization today. The key to

leveraging information to your advantage is purchasing and implementing
the right computers and software for your business. The computer is also
now essential to business communication thanks to email.
You will also want to explore systems for backing up your business data.
There are many online services available now that will save you having to
invest in secure and reliable on-site backup equipment for your office.
Computer Network and Internet Connection
If the information is the lifeblood of the business, then computer

networks are the veins and arteries that channel that information
throughout all the parts of your business. For this, you will need Ethernet
cabling, a router, and switches, especially if you are setting up a larger

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network that will support numerous employees. You'll need a modem for
connecting your network to the outside world, and with that modem, you'll
need Internet service from a provider.
Multifunction Printer
Information is organized, manipulated, and moved electronically but people

still love paper. If it’s electronic we want to print it. If it’s printed we want to
scan it. If it’s somewhere else, we want to fax it. Buying one machine to do it
all can save you time and money.
Smartphone
"Time is money," as they say, and communicating effectively and time will
make you money or save you money. Keeping yourself organized and on-
time not only has an economic impact but will also help you manage the
stresses in your life. Having access to your office email through
your smartphone can offer an enormous advantage and convenience (of
course, this comes with the downside that you may feel like you never leave
your office, which can become an issue for your work-life balance).
Shredder
Just as quickly as we generate paper we must destroy it. Your business is

responsible for the information it possesses. It may be an employee’s
personal information, a customer list, a client's sensitive materials or a
confidential memo. Information that you're responsible for that gets into the
wrong hands can be devastating to your company and your clients.
Mailing Equipment
Documents, product samples, catalogs, and statements are just a few

examples of items that may be shipped out of your company. The proper
mailing equipment, such as scales and postage software can save your
company valuable time and money.

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Self-check 6.2-1
OFFICE TECHNOLOGY
MULTIPLE CHOICE:
separate sheet.
1. The primary means you will use for communicating with customers and
vendors.
a. Shredder
b. Business Telephone System
c. Computer Network and Internet Connection
d. Multifunction Printer
e. Smartphone
2. The means of connecting your business to the outside world.
a. Shredder
e. Smartphone
3. A cellular telephone with an integrated computer and other features not

originally associated with telephones such as an operating system, web
browsing, and the ability to run software applications.
a. Shredder
e. Smartphone
4. A device that consolidates the functionality of a printer, copier, scanner

and/or fax into one machine.
a. Shredder
e. Smartphone

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5. A mechanical device used to cut paper into either strips or fine particles.
a. Business Telephone System

b. Computer Network and Internet Connection
c. Multifunction Printer
d. Smartphone
e. Shredder

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Answer key 6.2-1
1. B
2. C
3. E
4. D
5. E

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SYSTEM TECHNOLOGY
Learning Objective:

knowledgeable in System Technology.
Technological systems are sets of interconnected components that

transform, store, transport, or control materials, energy, and/or information
for particular purposes. In any system, how the parts work together is as
important as their individual characteristics.
SEVEN TECHNOLOGICAL SYSTEMS:
1. Agriculture and Bio-Technology
Agricultural biotechnology, also known as agritech, is an area

of agricultural science involving the use of scientific tools and
techniques, including genetic engineering, molecular markers, molecular
diagnostics, vaccines, and tissue culture, to modify living organisms:
plants, animals, and microorganisms.[1] Crop biotechnology is one aspect
of agricultural biotechnology which has been greatly developed upon in
recent times. Desired trait are exported from a particular species of Crop
to an entirely different species. These transgene crops possess desirable
characteristics in terms of flavor, colour of flowers, growth rate, size of
harvested products and resistance to diseases and pests.
2. Energy and Power Technology
Energy and Power Technology is

an interdisciplinary engineering science having to do with the efficient,
safe, environmentally friendly, and economical extraction, conversion,
transportation, storage, and use of energy, targeted towards yielding high
efficiency whilst skirting side effects on humans, nature, and the
environment.
For people, energy is an overwhelming need, and as a scarce resource, it

has been an underlying cause of political conflicts and wars. The
gathering and use of energy resources can be harmful to local ecosystems
and may have global outcomes.

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3. Construction Technology
The Construction Industry Institute defines construction technology as

"the collection of innovative tools, machinery, modifications, software,
etc. used during the construction phase of a project that enables
advancement in field construction methods, including semi-automated
and automated construction equipment."
4. Manufacturing Technology
Manufacturing technology provides the tools that enable production of all
manufactured goods. Machine tools are non-portable, power-
driven manufacturing machinery and systems used to perform specific
operations on man-made materials to produce durable goods or
components.
5. Transportation Technology
Innovations in transportation technology are essentially born out of

three necessities: efficiency, ease and safety. ... These fields act as the
backbone for everything from autonomous vehicles to aerospace travel,
and even function as the basis fortransportation platforms like Uber and
Lyft.
6. Medical Technology
Medical technologies are products, services or solutions used to save and

improve people’s lives.
7. Information and Communication Technology
Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) is a broader term

forInformation Technology (IT), which refers to all communication
technologies, including the internet, wireless networks, cell phones,
computers, software, middleware, video-conferencing, social networking,
and other media applications and services ...

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Self-check 6.2-2
SYSTEM TECHNOLOGY
MULTIPLE CHOICE:
separate sheet.
1. Developing and using devices and systems to plant, grow and

harvest crops.
a. Agriculture and Bio-Technology

b. Energy and power technology
c. Information and Communication Technology
d. Construction Technology
e. Medical Technology
f. Manufacturing Technology
g. Transportation Technology
2. Developing and using devices to gather, process, share

information, and to share ideas.

3. Developing and using devices and systems to move people and

cargo from an origin point to a destination.


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4. Developing and using devices and systems to convert, transmit, or
process energy.

5. Using systems and processes to put structures on the sites where

they will be used.

6. Developing and using devices and systems to promote health and

cure illnesses.

7. Technology which provides the tools/machinery that enable

production of all manufactured goods.

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Answer key 6.2-2
1. A
2. C
3. G
4. B
5. D
6. E
7. F

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DIFFERENT SOFTWARES/HARDWARES
Learning Objective:

knowledgeable
On the Different Sofwares/Hardwares.
Difference between Hardware and Software

Computer hardware is any physical device used in or with your machine,
whereas software is a collection of programming code installed on your
computer's hard drive. In other words, hardware is something you can hold
in your hand, whereas software cannot be held in your hand.
What does Software mean?
Software, in its most general sense, is a set of instructions or programs

instructing a computer to do specific tasks.
Software is a generic term used to describe computer programs that run on

PCs, mobile phones, tablets, or other smart devices.
Software is often used to describe all the functional aspects of a computer

that do not refer to its physical components (hardware). Scripts,
applications, programs and a set of instructions are all terms often used to
describe software.
Everything that “runs” on a computer, from an operating system, to a

diagnostic tool, video game, or app can be defined as software.
The Four Categories of Software
Programming software
Programming software is a set of tools to aid developers in writing programs.

The various tools available are compilers, linkers, debuggers, interpreters
and text editors.
System software

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System software serves as a base for application software. System software
includes device drivers, operating systems (OSs), compilers, disk formatters,
text editors and utilities helping the computer to operate more efficiently.
It is also responsible for managing hardware components and providing
basic non-task-specific functions. The system software is usually written in
the C programming language.
Application software
Application software is intended to perform certain tasks. Examples of

application software include office suites, gaming applications, database
systems and educational software.
Application software can be a single program or a collection of small

programs. This type of software is what consumers most typically think of as
"software."
Malicious software (malware)

Malicious software is intentionally developed to damage computers and/or
disrupt other software. Harm is often caused unbeknownst to users who
inadvertently installed malware since this type of software usually acts in
secret.
Examples of malware are:

 Spyware
 Computer viruses
 Trojan horses
 Worms
 Adware
In a nutshell, without software, a computer won’t perform any function and

will simply be a useless, inert machine. Different types of software also exist
in direct mutual relations.
10 Different Types of Computer Hardware and Equipment
1. Optical Drives - An optical drive allows one to use CDs, DVDs and Blu-
ray. This computer hardware derives its name from how data is read and
written on the disc. It features lenses that project electromagnetic waves
that are responsible for writing and reading the information on optical
discs.
2. Hard Disk Drive - This computer hardware features platters with

magnetic surfaces. It’s responsible for storing unprocessed information.
Hard disk drives are non-volatile, meaning they permanently store data,
and aren’t affected in case of a power failure. The operating system and
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the applications are installed from the hard drive. The capacity of a hard
drive is measured in gigabytes (GB).
A typical hard drive has a capacity of 500 GB, or 1 terabyte (1000 GB),
but there are some with even more storage space. Today, there are two
main types of hard disk drives: the traditional mechanical type that uses
metal platters with magnetic polarity to store data, and the newer type
known as the SSHD (solid-state hard drive). The latter is quiet, faster and
more reliable, but it’s more expensive.
3. RAM - RAM stands for random access memory. It processes and stores
the information you’re working with. Compared to the hard disk, RAM is
faster but volatile. It only stores data temporarily and loses all of it when
power is switched off. When you experience RAM issues in you computer,
these problems can usually be resolved by your managed IT provider by
including more memory.
4. Removable Drives - The term “removable drives” is used to describe the

different types of storage devices that can be ejected from a computer
while systems are still running. Removable drives include DVDs, CDs,
Blu-Ray disks, USB drives and diskettes. This computer hardware makes
the transfer of data or information from one computer to another easier
for users. This is because these types of computer hardware are pocket-
sized, light, and portable.
5. Graphics Card - The graphics card is responsible for rendering graphics

in a computer and projecting information onto a screen. The monitor,
which could be an LCD or CRT, displays videos and images in a
computer by manipulating the pixels on a screen. A graphics card takes
the processing strain off your computer’s central processor. In some
cases, they also contain their own memory, which takes the pressure off
the RAM as well.
6. Sound Card - These types of computer hardware are responsible for

projecting sound onto the speakers or headphones, playing sound files,
and receiving sound from a microphone. A sound card is also known as a
soundboard, audio card, or an audio output device.
7. Power Supply - The power supply is responsible for powering up the

computer. It gets power from an electrical outlet on the wall. The PC case
can either be horizontal or vertical, and the wires and cables are
considered part of its hardware.
8. Display Screen - Depending on the computer, the display screen can be

a completely separate unit known as a monitor, or it can be built-in.
Some displays have touchscreen capabilities, meaning you can control

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what is on the screen using your finger. The quality of a display is
measured in resolutions, which is basically the number of pixels that
make up the display when at its highest resolution.
9. Network Adapter - A network adapter is what allows a computer to

communicate over a network with other computers. This computer
hardware can be used over wireless or wired networks. The network
adapter can be in-built, a device that you plug into a port, or it can be
added via an expansion board.
10. CPU - CPU stands for the central processing unit. The performance and
speed of a CPU determine how well your computer works. This computer
hardware is a thin silicon wafer, which is very small and is enclosed in a
ceramic chip that is usually mounted on the circuit board. The speed of a
CPU is measured in GHz (gigahertz).

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Self -Check 6.2-3
DIFFERENT SOFTWARES/HARDWARES
MULTIPLE CHOICE:
separate sheet.
1. Allows a computer to communicate over a network with other computers

a. Network Adapter
b. CPU
c. Sound Card
d. Graphic Card
e. RAM
2. These types of computer hardware are responsible for projecting sound

onto the speakers or headphones, playing sound files, and receiving
sound from a microphone.
a. Network Adapter
b. CPU
c. Sound Card
d. Graphic Card
e. RAM
3. It only stores data temporarily and loses all of it when power is switched
off.
a. Network Adapter
b. CPU
c. Sound Card
d. Graphic Card
e. RAM
4. This computer hardware is a thin silicon wafer, which is very small and
is enclosed in a ceramic chip that is usually mounted on the circuit
board.
a. Network Adapter
b. CPU

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c. Sound Card
d. Graphic Card
e. RAM
5. Responsible for rendering graphics in a computer and projecting

information onto a screen. The monitor, which could be an LCD or CRT,
displays videos and images in a computer by manipulating the pixels on
a screen.
a. Network Adapter
b. CPU
c. Sound Card
d. Graphic Card
e. RAM
6. It allows one to use CDs, DVDs and Blu-ray.
a. Optical Drive
b. Hard Disk Drive
c. Removable Drives
d. Power Supply
e. Display Screen
7. Storage devices that can be ejected from a computer while systems are
still running.
a. Optical Drive
b. Hard Disk Drive
c. Removable Drives
d. Power Supply
e. Display Screen
8. This computer hardware features platters with magnetic surfaces. It’s

responsible for storing unprocessed information.
a. Optical Drive
b. Hard Disk Drive
c. Removable Drives
d. Power Supply
e. Display Screen
9. A surface area upon which text, graphics and video are temporarily made
to appear for human viewing.
a. Optical Drive
b. Hard Disk Drive
c. Removable Drives
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d. Power Supply
e. Display Screen
10. Responsible for powering up the computer.

a. Optical Drive
b. Hard Disk Drive
c. Removable Drives
d. Power Supply
e. Display Screen

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Answer key 6.2-3
1. A
2. C
3. E
4. B
5. D
6. A
7. C
8. B
9. E
10. D

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LEARNING OUTCOME No. 3: MAINTENANCE/ENHANCE RELEVANT
TECHNOLOGY
CONTENTS:
1. Corrective and preventive maintenance
2. Upgrading of technology
3. Organizational set-up/work flow
1. Maintenance of technology is applied in accordance with the industry

standard operating procedure, manufacturer’s operating guidelines and
occupational health and safety procedure to ensure its operative ability
2. Updating of technology is maintained through continuing education or
training in accordance with job requirement
3. Technology failure/ defect is immediately reported to the concern/responsible
person or section for appropriate action
CONDITIONS:
The students/trainees must be provided with the following:
 Manuals
 Hand-outs
 Multimedia
 Video
 Brochures
 CD’s
 Internet Access
 Computer
METHODOLOGY:
 Lecture
 Group discussion
 Film Showing

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ASSESSMENT METHODS:
 Written Test
 Interview
LO No. 3
MAINTAIN/ENHANCE RELEVANT TECHNOLOGY
Corrective and preventive the learner is encourage to answer self-
maintenance check
Corrective and preventive
maintenance
Upgrading of technology the learner is encourage to answer self-
check
Upgrading of technology
Organizational set-up/work flow the learner is encourage to answer self-
check
Organizational set-up/work flow

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CORRECTIVE AND PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE
Learning Objective:

knowledgeable
On Corrective and Preventive Maintenance.
The goal for maintenance managers is simple: Oversee the successful

installation, repair and upkeep of the facility’s assets for smooth operations
and on track budgets. This goal is certainly obtainable in an ideal setting
where inventory is always in stock, technicians are continuously efficient
and assets are always running.
Now, let’s enter the real world, where downtime is a daily occurrence and
overtime hours seem unavoidable. This scenario doesn’t have to be the norm
if you’re able to proactively manage workloads, breakdowns and inventory.
And, it doesn’t have to be an out of reach possibility with the correct
strategy implemented for less reactive maintenance.
Does your organization only service assets once they break down or are
headed for a complete system replacement?
Does your organization only service assets once they break down or are
headed for a complete system replacement? If so, you’re operating in a
purely reactive maintenance landscape. However, in today’s era where
people crave instant access to information and results, the “if it ain’t broke,
don’t fix it” way of reactive maintenance simply doesn’t make the grade
anymore.
What is corrective maintenance?
Corrective maintenance (also called breakdown maintenance) are

maintenance tasks that are performed in order to rectify and repair faulty
systems and equipment. The purpose of corrective maintenance is to restore
broken down systems.
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Corrective maintenance is initiated when an additional problem is
discovered during a separate work order. For example, during an emergency
repair, as part of a routine inspection, or in the process of conducting
preventive maintenance, a technician spots another issue that needs
corrected before other problems occur.
Upon discovering an additional problem, corrective maintenance is planned

and scheduled for a future time. During the execution of corrective
maintenance work, the asset is repaired, restored, or replaced.

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The Benefits of Preventive Maintenance
Often times, facilities get stuck with reactive procedures because it’s all they
know. While work is getting done across the board, technicians are
scrambling to manage work orders, overtime hours are stacking up due to
emergency service requests and equipment, with multiple breakdowns, isn’t
reaching its full life span potential.
The solution for organizations stuck in the reactive landscape of the past is
to implement a PM schedule. PM schedules present these benefits facility-
wide:
 Cost savings due to less downtime;

 Fewer machine breakdowns or operational downtime;
 Better technician scheduling and less overtime hours and manual
labor needed to complete daily tasks;
 Longer asset life with fewer breakdowns;
 Fewer large-scale repairs;
 Improved response time to fulfill work order requests.
Types of Maintenance
Any maintenance that is not reactive maintenance is preventive

maintenance. And there are many different types of preventive maintenance
that require different types of technology and expertise.
Four common types of preventive maintenance (PM) include:
Periodic maintenance refers to activities performed on equipment based on

a set time interval. The purpose of periodic maintenance, or time based
maintenance, is to maintain smooth operation of a machine or other asset.

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Usage-based maintenance
Meter readings are used and logged in the CMMS. When a specific unit is
reached, a work order is created for routine maintenance.
Predictive maintenance
When work order data is logged in the CMMS, maintenance managers can
predict when an asset will crash based on historical events and create
specific PMs to prevent them from happening again.
Prescriptive maintenance
This is similar to predictive maintenance, but instead of only the

maintenance manager prescribing PMs, machine learning software assists
them.

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Self-Check 6.3-1
Corrective and Preventive Maintenance
Multiple Choice:
separate sheet.
1. Refers to activities performed on equipment based on a set time interval.

a. Preventive Maintenance
b. Predictive maintenance
c. Prescriptive maintenance
d. Usage-based maintenance
e. Periodic maintenance
2. Maintenance managers can predict when an asset will crash based on

historical events and create specific PMs to prevent them from happening
again.
3. This is similar to predictive maintenance, but instead of only the

maintenance manager prescribing PMs, machine learning software
assists them.
4. When a specific unit is reached, a work order is created for routine

maintenance.

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5. It is carried out with the goal of increasing asset lifetime by preventing
excess depreciation and impairment or untimely breakdown.

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Answer key 6.3-1
1. E
2. B
3. C
4. D
5. A

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UPGRADING OF TECHNOLOGY
Learning Objective:

knowledgeable
On Upgrading of Technology.
Technology is always changing, which creates opportunities and

challenges for small and medium-sized businesses. New devices and
software can help employees do their jobs better and faster, but
upgrading costs money. Some business owners are reluctant to upgrade
their technology because of the cost, but the benefits outweigh the
price tag.
Investing in New Technology Can Improve Security
One of the most important reasons why you should upgrade your technology
is security. Hackers are always trying to infiltrate businesses to steal
sensitive data that they can use to make money or to cause damage to a
company’s reputation. They can spread viruses and malware that can make
it difficult or impossible for a business to function. With each new version of
software, new security functions are added and problems are corrected. If
you are running old software, you are missing out on improvements in
security and putting your company at risk.
Upgrading Technology Can Increase Productivity
Upgrading your technology can help your computers run better and
faster. Every day, businesses waste time while employees wait for their
computers to boot up and programs to do what the workers want them
to do. Time is money for small and medium-sized businesses.
Improving technology can reduce downtime and increase productivity.
Old Devices Can Wear out with Time
Your old devices and software can simply wear out over time. Technology
becomes obsolete eventually, and you may need to upgrade simply because
of the age of your devices. Investing in new technology can make your
computers run more efficiently and reliably, which can increase your
productivity.

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New Software May Be Incompatible with Old Devices
If you try to install new software on old computers, it may not run correctly.
This is because the old devices may not have the system requirements that
are needed to run the new software. If the software does run, it may be slow
or may not run all aspects of the program. Installing new software on new
devices can help you ensure that everything will work as it should.

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Self-Check 6.3-2
Upgrading of Technology
TRUE OR FALSE
1. One of the most important reasons why you should upgrade your
technology is security.
2. Improving technology cannot reduce downtime and increase

productivity.
3. Installing new software on new devices can help you ensure that
everything will work as it should.
4. New devices and software can help employees do their jobs better
and faster.

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ANSWER KEY:
1. TRUE
2. FALSE
3. TRUE
4. TRUE

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ORGANIZATIONAL SET-UP/WORK FLOW
Learning Objective:

knowledgeable
On Organizational Set-up/Work flow.
A maintenance organization structure needs to be based on the duties that

must be done to achieve the organization's purpose—from which cascade
the necessary technical skills, personal behaviors and attitudes, and the
engineering knowledge needed to do the associated activities of each jobs.
Management’s responsibility is to develop a process that the organization

can follow in their daily job to execute or perform their work.
Here are 4 steps maintenance managers can take toward Maintenance

Improvement. The process can, in short, be described in the following way:
1. Develop a workflow that line up resources with work that needs to

be accomplished.
The work order flow is normally the way you manage resources and
match resources to the work that needs to be executed.
The key steps in the work order flow is:
1. Identify work
2. Prioritize and approve work
3. Plan work
4. Manage backlog
5. Schedule work
6. Execute work
7. Record work completed
8. Improve and trigger Root Cause Problem Elimination (RCPE)
2. Second, clarify roles and responsibilities for each step in the workflow.

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An effective way to clarify roles and responsibilities is to make a RACI
Chart. RACI stand for:
1. R = responsible
2. A = accountable
3. C = consulted
4. I = informed
The RACI chart is used to identify each positions role in the workflow.
A clear workflow process takes away the confusion and tension that might
happen when people are not sure of what to do.
Each task in the RACI chart is then transferred to the Job Description for
each position.
3. Next is to get your people to follow the workflow and execute their
role.
This may sound easy but anyone who’s supervised a group of people
knows that it can be challenge.
“To improve reliability through better maintenance is 90%
about people and processes and 10% about technology”
People need to have the right ability, skills and motivation to execute
according to your workflow.
In the best case you hire the right people, provide the correct training
and development and treat/support your people in the way that they are
motivated.
To stay competitive and optimize cost over time you need to use latest
technology to improve efficiency.
Technology can be anything from a new and process equipment,

condition monitoring tool or a new CMMS with less administration or
automation like using an I-pad instead of paper based condition
monitoring routes.

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4. The last major step is to know what is going on in your business on
a daily to monthly basis.
You need to select and implement Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) that
you can monitor to make sure that you are improving and reaching your
targets or goals.
The leading indicators are used to drive the right behavior in your
organization and to follow your workflow.
Example of leading indicators are:
1. Safety incident rate and safety observations

2. Work order initiated from PM or condition monitoring routes
3. PM or condition monitoring routes completed on time
4. % of planned maintenance hours vs. available hours
5. Backlog hours
6. Scheduled compliance
7. Shutdowns completed on time
8. Work order information filled out correctly
9. RCPE’s initiated
10. Employees development plan compliance
11. Training targets met
Lagging indicators are usually measuring business outcome, to make sure

that you are competitive are running a successful business.
Example of lagging indicators:
1. Safety record or lost time

2. Breakdown rate of equipment
3. OEE – uptime, rate of production and on quality product
4. Maintenance cost per ton or product output
5. On time deliveries or customer lost due to missed delivery deadline
6. Environmental performance
So as a maintenance manager or maintenance supervisor your job is to:
 Implement workflow (business process) that employee can follow and

understand.
 Motivate and train your people to follow/execute according to the
workflow.
 Implement the latest technology where it makes economical sense.
 You should spend 90% of your effort on the first two items

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Self-Check 6.3-3
Organizational Set-up/Work flow
TRUE OR FALSE
1. People need to have the right ability, skills and motivation to execute
according to your workflow.
2. To stay competitive and optimize cost over time you need NOT to use
latest technology to improve efficiency.
3. Management’s responsibility is to develop a process that the organization

can follow in their daily job to execute or perform their work.
4. The work order flow is normally the way you manage resources and
match resources to the work that needs to be executed.

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ANSWER KEY:
1. TRUE
2. FALSE
3. TRUE
4. TRUE

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References:
1. https://www.thebalancesmb.com/essential-office-equipment-for-starting-a-
business-2533797
2. https://dor.wa.gov/education/industry-guides/manufacturing-guide/machinery-
and-equipment-defined
3. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agricultural_biotechnology
4. http://www.buzzillablog.com/10-different-types-of-computer-
hardware-and-equipment/
5. https://www.techopedia.com/definition/4356/software
6. https://www.onupkeep.com/preventive-maintenance
7. https://www.asgct.com/benefits-of-upgrading-your-companys-
technology/
8. https://www.idcon.com/resource-library/leadership-in-
maintenance/4-steps-plant-managers-can-take-toward-
maintenance-improvement/
9. TESDA Training Regulation- Bookkeeping NC III

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BOOKKEEPING NC III

No. Unit of Competency Module Title Code

Lead workplace Leading workplace

2 Lead small team Leading small team 500311110

3 Develop and practice Developing and practicing

4 Solve problems related Solving problems related to

5 Use Mathematical Using Mathematical concepts

6 Use relevant Using relevant technologies

Date Developed: Document No.

In this module, you are required to go through a series of learning

Date Developed: Document No.

• Been working for some time.

If you can demonstrate to your learner that you are competent in a

If you have qualification or Certificate of Competency from previous

At the end of this module is a Learner’s Record Book. Use this to

A Record of achievements is also provided for your trainer to fill-up

Date Developed: Document No.

UNIT OF COMPETENCY : Use Relevant Technologies

MODULE TITLE : Using Relevant Technologies

This unit of competency covers the knowledge, skills, and attitude

NOMINAL DURATION : 4 Hours

SUMMARY OF LEARNING OUTCOMES:

Upon completion of this module, the learner must be able to:

LO1. Study/select appropriate technology

SUMMARY OF ASSESSMENT CRITERIA:

1. Usage of different technologies is determined based on job requirements.

Date Developed: Document No.

The learners must be provided with the following:

Date Developed: Document No.

Date Developed: Document No.

After reading this INFORMATION SHEET, YOU MUST be

Following are the advantages of technology for modern life:

1. Ease Of Access To Information

Have you ever faced navigation problems in an unfamiliar town? Yes, we all

Date Developed: Document No.

Ever imagined your life without a car or a bike? Surely not because

4. Better Communication Means

It is a fact that modern technology has replaced the old technology. And we

6. Innovation In Many Fields

Technology has truly resulted in digitization and modernization in many

8. Better Learning Techniques

9. Disables, Are Now Able

Modern science and technology have now made nearly everything

10. Artificial Intelligence

The new concept of artificial intelligence is growing up fast, and it is gaining

Date Developed: Document No.

"Machinery and equipment" means:

"Industrial fixture" means an item attached to a building or to land.

“Device” is an item that is not attached to the building or site. Examples of

"Support facilities," and "Support facility" means a part of a building, or a

Tangible personal property that becomes an ingredient or component of

"Machinery and equipment" includes pollution control equipment installed

The machinery & equipment must be “used directly in a

1. Acts upon or interacts with an item of tangible personal property.

1. They direct or control machinery or equipment that acts upon or

Storage of raw material or other tangible personal property, packaging of

Example, an electrical apparatus used directly in a research and

Date Developed: Document No.

1. Industrial fixture is an item attached to a building or to land.

2. Fixtures attached to a building or to land does not become part of

3. Examples of "industrial fixtures" are fuel oil lines, boilers, crane

4. One of the main goals of technology includes making things

Date Developed: Document No.

Date Developed: Document No.