Giselle A.

Lisondra
BSCHE-III ENS 185
DATA ANALYSIS
HOMEWORK 1

1. As part of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, subjects were asked how long
they slept the preceding night, and the following
¿¿¿ times (hours) were reported: 8, 7, 5,
7,4,7,6,7,8,8,8,6.
a. Find the median, mean, and mode. Show
Number of Sleep ¿ ¿) your solution.
(hrs) Median: n=12, even
4 -2.75 7.5625 (6th order)
5 -1.75 3.0625
6 -0.75 0.5625
6 -0.75 0.5625
7 0.25 0.0625
7 0.25 0.0625 n 12
7 0.25 0.0625 ( ¿ ¿ th)= =6 ¿
2 2
7 0.25 0.0625
8 1.25 1.5625
8 1.25 1.5625
8 1.25 1.5625
8 1.25 1.5625
81 18.25
n+2th 12+2
= =7 (7th order)
2 2
~ 7+7
M= =7 hrs .
2

Mean:
n

∑ xi 4+5+6+ 6+7+7+ 7+7+8+ 8+8+ 8

1
x́= =
n 12
so, x́=6.75 hrs.

Mode:
7 hrs. & 8hrs. (both occurring 4 times)

b. Find the range, sample standard deviation and sample variance.

Range: Variance:
R=maximum−minimum S2=¿ ¿
2
18.25 = 1.6591
R=8−4=4 hrs . 2
S= (√ 12−1 )
Sample Standard Deviation:
n
( x ¿¿ i−x́ )2
S= ∑
?
√
i=1 n−1
¿

18.25
S=
√ 12−1
S=1.2881hrs .
C. Based on the measures of central tendency what is the shape of the distribution?

Ans. The distribution is negatively skewed because the mean is lesser than the median and mode.

2. The brain volumes of 20 people were measured. The sample has a mean of 1126.0 cm 3 and a
standard deviation of 124.9 cm3. Using the rule of thumb, what are the limits identifying the
values which are significantly high or significantly low? For such data, would a brain volume of
1440 cm3 be significantly high? Show your solution.

Given:

x́=1126.0 cm3

S=124.9 cm3
Solution: By Rule of Thumb,

Significantly low=x́−2 S

1126.0 cm3−2 ( 124.9 cm 3 )=876.2cm 3

Significantly high=x́+ 2 S

1126.0 cm3 +2 ( 124.9 cm3 )=1375.8 cm 3

Ans. Brain volume of 1440 cm3 can be considered significantly high since it is higher than 1375.8 cm 3.

3. When XELJANZ was administered as part of a clinical trial for this rheumatoid arthritis
treatment, 1336 subjects were given 5-mg doses of the drug, and here are the number of
 Fre que ncy of A dve rs e Re acti ons t o XELJA N Z

70

60

50

40

30

20

10

0
Headaches Hypertension Upper Respiratory Nasopharyngitis Diarrhea
Tract Infection

Frequency
adverse reactions: 57 had headaches, 21 had hypertension, 60 had upper respiratory tract
infection, 51 had nasopharyngitis, and 53 had diarrhea.

a. Does any of these adverse reactions appear to be much more common than others? Create
a relative frequency distribution table using only the adverse reactions.

Adverse Reactions: Frequency Relative Frequency

Headaches 57 0.2356
Hypertension 21 0.0868
Upper Respiratory
Tract Infection 60 0.2479
Nasopharyngitis 51 0.2107
Diarrhea 53 0.2190
242 1.00
Ans. Based on the frequency table, the one with highest relative frequency belongs to the Upper
Respiratory Track Infection therefore, it is a more common adverse reaction to XELJANZ.

b. Create a bar chart and pie chart of the frequency of the adverse reactions. Do not include
those that did not have adverse reactions.
Adverse Reacti ons on XELJANZ

53; 22% 57; 24%

21; 9%

51; 21%

60; 25%
Headaches Hypertension
Upper Respiratory Tract Infection Nasopharyngitis
Diarrhea
 c. What percentage of the subjects did not have adverse reactions?

Given:
N= 1336

Percentage of the subjects did not have adverse reactions:

N −n
x 100 %
N
1336−242
x 100 %
1336
81.89 %

4. Listed below are service time in seconds for the drive-thru service in Burger King during lunch.

116 131 147 120 126 136 77 136 133 121

182 146 138 110 149 148 110 208 120 105
79 120 91 145 159 83 109 102 78 224
199 198 137 142 76 166 195 253 231 259
192 128 106 84 153 151 145 171 160 124

a. Begin with a lower class limit for the first class of 70 seconds and use a class width of 40
seconds to construct a frequency, relative frequency and cumulative frequency distribution
table.

Classes Frequency Cumulative Frequency Relative Frequency

70-109 11 11 0.22
110-149 23 11+23=34 0.68
150-189 7 11+23+7=41 0.82
190-229 6 11+23+7+6=47 0.94
230-269 3 11+23+7+6+3=50 1.00
n=50
b. Based on the histogram, what can you say about the shape of the distribution?
Ans. Since the tail extends to the right, the distribution is positively skewed having a peak
of 23 which belongs to 110-149 class.