NAME: USAMA BIN ABDULLAH

ROLL NO: FA19-BEE-023

SUBMITTED TO: SIR NOMAN

AHMED

COURSE NAME: ECA 2

 Lab # 08 Band Pass & Band Stop Filters
 To design a passive band pass and band stop filter using Resistor,
Inductor and capacitor, and also draw the Bode Plot.
 To design RLC band pass and band stop filter with center frequency of
5KHZ, also draw the Bode Plot.

Introduction:
The objective of this lab is to show that:
 A series resonant circuit can be used as a band pass filter when the output is taken at the
resistor and a band stop filter when the output is taken at the LC series combination.
 When plotted on a Bode plot, the gain approaches two asymptotes: the pass band frequency
gain approaches a constant gain of 1dB while the stop band frequency gain drops to 0
dB/decade.
EDUCATIONAL OBJECTIVES:
(1) Design passive RLC band pass and band stop filters.
(2) Understand the difference in response of the filter circuits.

In Lab:

Note: Before the starts of simulation make sure that the calculated values
of R, L and C are available in Lab. Otherwise Design your circuits
according to the available values.

EQUIPMENT AND MATERIALS

 Digital Function Generator
 Digital Oscilloscope with Probes.
 Bread Board
 Capacitors
 Inductors
 Resistors

Background:

Band Pass Filters:

A band-pass filter is designed to pass all frequencies within a band of frequencies ω1≤ω≤ω2
𝟏
Center frequency (ωo)=
√𝑳𝑪

Frequency response for band pass filters:

𝑽𝒐 𝑹
H( ω)= = 𝟏
𝑽𝒊 𝑹+𝒋(𝝎𝑳− )
𝝎𝑪

Task 1: RLC Band Pass Filter

Task 2: RLC Band Stop Filter

 Section 3 – Calculated value TASK:1

Calculated Results: F=5KHZ

C=0.000006C L=0.01H R=10s

𝑯 (𝑯 ) = 𝑯 /SQRT* (𝑯 )^2 +( 𝑯 (𝑯 𝑯 − 𝑯 /
Frequency(KHz)
𝑯 C)^2+

0.01fc=50 1.8 *10^4 0.05847

0.1fC =500 1.8 *10^5 0.0055
0.5fc =2.5 K 9*10^5 0.000111
fc = 5K 1.8*10^6 0.00055
2fc = 10 K 3.6*10^6 0.000277
4fc = 20 K 7.2*10^6 0.000138
6fc =30 K 1.08*10^7 0.000926
8fc = 40 K 1.4*10^7 0.00007142
10fc =50 K 1.8*^7 0.000055
100fc = 500K 1.8*10^8 0.000005555556

Task 2: Band stop Filter

Calculated Results:

Frequency(KHz
)
0.01fc=50 1.8 *10^4
0.1fC =500 1.8 *10^5
0.5fc =2.5 K 9*10^5
fc = 5K 1.8*10^6
2fc = 10 K 3.6*10^6
4fc = 20 K 7.2*10^6
6fc =30 K 1.08*10^7
8fc = 40 K 1.4*10^7
10fc =50 K 1.8*^7
100fc = 500K 1.8*10^8
Post Lab:

1) Design second order and third order RC high pass filter?

2nd order:

3rd Order:

2) Create Bode plots of the magnitude transfer functions of high-pass filters.

3) Create Bode plots of the magnitude transfer functions of low-pass filter. The
theoretical plots (using measured values of resistors and capacitors) should be drawn
as lines. Include your data (taken at 1/10, 1/2, 1, 2, and 10 times the cutoff frequency)
as points.

4) Compare the response of first order, second order and third order filters.
First order filter is a filter in which one capacitor one inductor and one resistor is used while
in second order two and third order three capacitor inductor and resistors are used and aslo
we know that the circuit frequency response is observed only by the circuit active
components involved in it so the responce of third oder is filter is higher then or first order
filter because of higher number of active components involved.
Conclusion:
By performing this lab we came to this conclusion that an ideal band stop filter has a frequency
response which is the inverse of the band-pass filter. Band stop filters block or “reject” frequencies
that lie between its two cut-off frequency points ( ƒL and ƒH ) but passes all those frequencies either
side of this range.