CE 429

DESIGN OF WOOD STRUCTURES

Course Outcomes

Course Outcomes
Have a working familiarity with wood design
codes and specifications
Lesson Outcomes
Know the types of loads that are applied to a
structure and how to apply the load combination
equations
Understand the load duration factor and time
effect factor
Be aware of deflection criteria
Structural Loads

D
E
F
Fa
H
L
Lr
R
S
T
W
Structural Loads

D = Dead load
E
F
Fa
H
L
Lr
R
S
T
W
Structural Loads

D = Dead load
E = Earthquake (seismic) load
F
Fa
H
L
Lr
R
S
T
W
Structural Loads

D = Dead load
E = Earthquake (seismic) load
F = Fluid pressure load (tanks, pools, etc.)
Fa
H
L
Lr
R
S
T
W
Structural Loads

D = Dead load
E = Earthquake (seismic) load
F = Fluid pressure load (tanks, pools, etc.)
Fa = Flood load
H
L
Lr
R
S
T
W
Structural Loads

D = Dead load
E = Earthquake (seismic) load
F = Fluid pressure load (tanks, pools, etc.)
Fa = Flood load
H = Lateral pressure load (earth, bulk mat’ls, etc.)
L
Lr
R
S
T
W
Structural Loads

D = Dead load
E = Earthquake (seismic) load
F = Fluid pressure load (tanks, pools, etc.)
Fa = Flood load
H = Lateral pressure load (earth, bulk mat’ls, etc.)
L = Live load
Lr
R
S
T
W
Structural Loads

D = Dead load
E = Earthquake (seismic) load
F = Fluid pressure load (tanks, pools, etc.)
Fa = Flood load
H = Lateral pressure load (earth, bulk mat’ls, etc.)
L = Live load
Lr = Roof live load
R
S
T
W
Structural Loads

D = Dead load
E = Earthquake (seismic) load
F = Fluid pressure load (tanks, pools, etc.)
Fa = Flood load
H = Lateral pressure load (earth, bulk mat’ls, etc.)
L = Live load
Lr = Roof live load
R = Rain load
S
T
W
Structural Loads

D = Dead load
E = Earthquake (seismic) load
F = Fluid pressure load (tanks, pools, etc.)
Fa = Flood load
H = Lateral pressure load (earth, bulk mat’ls, etc.)
L = Live load
Lr = Roof live load
R = Rain load
S = Snow load
T
W
Structural Loads

D = Dead load
E = Earthquake (seismic) load
F = Fluid pressure load (tanks, pools, etc.)
Fa = Flood load
H = Lateral pressure load (earth, bulk mat’ls, etc.)
L = Live load
Lr = Roof live load
R = Rain load
S = Snow load
T = Self-straining load (restrained thermal exp.)
W
Structural Loads

D = Dead load
E = Earthquake (seismic) load
F = Fluid pressure load (tanks, pools, etc.)
Fa = Flood load
H = Lateral pressure load (earth, bulk mat’ls, etc.)
L = Live load
Lr = Roof live load
R = Rain load
S = Snow load
T = Self-straining load (restrained thermal exp.)
W = Wind load
Load Combinations

ASD load combinations

1. D
2. D L
3. D L or S or R
4. D 0.75L 0.75 L or S or R
5. D 0.6W or 0.7E
6a. D 0.75L 0.75 0.6W 0.75 L or S or R
6b. D 0.75L 0.75 0.7E 0.75S
7. 0.6D 0.6W
8. 0.6D 0.7E
Load Combinations

LRFD load combinations (ASCE 7)

1. 1.4D
2. 1.2D 1.6L
3. 1.2D 1.6 L or S or R L or 0.5W
4. 1.2D 1.0W L 0.5 L or S or R
5. 1.2D 1.0E L 0.2S
6. 0.9D 1.0W
7. 0.9D 1.0E
Load Combinations

LRFD load combinations (IBC)

16-1 1.4 D F
16-2 1.2 1.6 0.5 L or S or R
16-3 1.2D 1.6 L or S or R L or 0.5W
16-4 1.2D 1.0W L 0.5 L or S or R
16-5 1.2D 1.0E L S
16-6 0.9D 1.0W 1.6H
16-7 0.9D 1.0E 1.6H
f1 = 1 for garages, places of public assembly and tabulated L over 100 psf,
otherwise f1 = 0.5
f2 = 0.7 for roof configurations that do not shed snow, otherwise f2 = 0.2
Tributary Load Method
Determine the ASD
distributed load on the 2nd
floor 2x10 Douglas Fir joists.
Consider only dead and live
loads.

Occupancy live load: 50 psf

(offices)

Partition live load: 15 psf

Verify the
highlighted values
in the table
 Textbook
Appendix A

NDS Supplement
Section 3.1.3

NDS Supplement Table 4A

NDS Supplement
Textbook Appendix B
Load Combinations

ASD load combinations

1. D
2. D L
3. D L or S or R
4. D 0.75L 0.75 L or S or R
5. D 0.6W or 0.7E
6a. D 0.75L 0.75 0.6W 0.75 L or S or R
6b. D 0.75L 0.75 0.7E 0.75S
7. 0.6D 0.6W
8. 0.6D 0.7E
Load duration and time effect factors

Both factors are based on the ability of wood to

support higher stresses for short periods of time as
well as lower stresses for longer periods of time

CD – Load duration factor

Used for ASD
Values range from 2.0 (impact) – 0.9 (dead load)

λ – Time effect factor

Used for LRFD
Values range from 1.25 (impact) – 0.6 (dead load)
Design Loads

Risk Categories I-IV (ASCE 7-

10 Table 1.5-1 or IBC Table
1604.5)
Seismic Design Categories

ReThinkMag-DES420A1-
DesigningForHighWinds-
150701
Deflections

Instantaneous
Found using mechanics equations
Creep
Time dependent deformation
Affected by wood moisture content
Deflections

IBC deflection limits, Table 1604.3

https://codes.iccsafe.org/content/IBC2015/chapte
r-16-structural-design
Footnote d:
For wood structural members that are dry (<16% MC)
at time of installation and used under dry conditions,
the deflection resulting from L + 0.5D is permitted to
be substituted for the deflection resulting from L +
D.
Loads are not factored for deflection
Stiffer floor systems are sometimes desirable
American Institute of
Timber Construction
Deflections (NDS)
Homework Assignment #2

Chapter 2
Problems 2.4, 2.5, 2.9, 2.10, 2.24, 2.25