Open Channel Flow Calculations With The Manning Equation - S.I. Units

Open Channel Flow Calculations with the Manning Equation - S.
Workbook Contents
Click on tabs at the bottom of the screen to access the following:
Tab 1. Contents (current tab)
Tab 2. Calculation of Flow Rate and Velocity
Tab 3. Calculation of Normal Depth
Tab 4. Calculation of Required Slope
Tab 5. Calculation of Manning Roughness Coefficient
Tab 6. Calculation of Channel Width
Copyright © McGraw-Hill Global Education Holdings, LLC. All rights reserved.

ng Equation - S.I. Units
NOTE: The cells containing formulas are locked (protected) to avoid the
possibility of inadvertently typing over any of the formulas. You may,
however, adjust the number of decmal places for any of the cells.
Calculation of Discharge and Average Velocity
Using the Manning Equation for Uniform Open Channel Flow - S.I. Units
Enter values in yellow cells only.

CHANNEL SHAPE
Channel Cross-Sectional Shape - Click on choice below:
Trapezoidal
Input Information
Preliminary Calculations
Manning roughness, n = 0.011
INPUT INFO
Channel Bottom Slope, S = 0.000300 m/m Cross-Sect. Area, A =
Depth of flow, y = 0.60 m Wetted Perimeter, P =
Side Slope (H:V = z:1), Z = 2.00 Hydraulic Radius, R =
Bottom width, b = 1.20 m
Discharge and Velocity

RESULTS
Discharge thru channel, Q = 1.17 m3/s
Average Velocity, V = 0.81 m/s

References and Equations
For discussion of the Manning Equation for uniform open channel flow calculations, see:
Perry's Chemical Engineers' Handbook, 9th Ed, 6.1.4 Incompressible Flow in Pipes and Channels
Mark's Standard Handbook for Mechanical Engineers, 12th Ed..1.3.15 Open-Channel Flow
Hydraulic Design Handbook, 3.4 Uniform Flow
Standard Handbook for Civil Engineers, 21.6.4 Manning Equation for Open Channels
Equations Used for These Calculations
the Manning equation: Q = (1.00/n)(A)(R2/3)(S1/2)

Average velocity: V = Q/A
Hydraulic Radius: R = A/P (A = cross-sectional area; P = wetted perimeter)
Rectangular channel: A = by and P = b + 2y

(b = bottom width; y = depth of flow)
Triangular Channel: A = zy2 and P = 2[y2(1 + z2)]1/2

(y = depth of flow; z = side slope (H:V = z:1)
Trapezoidal Channel: A = by + zy2 and P = b + 2y(1+z2)1/2

(y = depth of flow; b = bottom width; z = side slope (H:V = z:1)
********************************** WORKSPACE ***************************************************************************************************

Rectangular
Trapezoidal
Triangular
The source for the information in the table below is:
locity Standard Handbook for Civil Engineers, 21.6.4 Manning Equation for Open C
el Flow - S.I. Units Table 21-11. Values of the Roughness Coefficient, n, for use in th
Values of the Roughness Coefficient n for Use in the Manning Equ
A. Open-Channel Flow in closed conduits
1. Corrugated-metal storm drain

2. Cement-mortar surface
3. Concrete (unfinished)
a. Steel form
b. Smooth wood form
c. Rough wood form
B. Lined Channels
1. Metal
a. Smooth steel (unpainted)
b. Corrugated
2. Wood
a. Planed, untreated
minary Calculations 3. Concrete (unfinished)
a. Float finish
b. Gunite, good section
1.440 m2 c. Gunite, wavy section
4. Masonry
3.88 m a. Cemented rubble
b. Dry rubble
0.371 m 5. Asphalt
a. Smooth
b. Rough
C. Unlined Channels
1. Excavated earth, straight & uniform
a. Clean, after weathering
b. With short grass, few weeds
c. Dense weeds, as high as flow depth
d. Dense brush, high stage
2. Dredged earth
a. No vegetation
b. Light brush on banks
3. Rock cuts
a. Smooth and uniform
b. Jagged and irregular
Copyright © McGraw-Hill Global Education Holdings, LLC. All rights reserved.
annels
*********************************************************
Equation for Open Channels
cient, n, for use in the Manning Equation
he Manning Equation
Min Avg Max
0.021 0.024 0.03

0.011 0.013 0.015
0.012 0.013 0.014

0.012 0.014 0.016
0.015 0.017 0.02
0.011 0.012 0.014

0.021 0.025 0.03
0.010 0.012 0.014
0.13 0.015 0.016

0.016 0.019 0.023
0.018 0.022 0.025
0.017 0.025 0.03

0.023 0.032 0.035
0.013 0.013
0.016 0.016
0.018 0.022 0.025

0.022 0.027 0.033
0.050 0.080 0.120
0.080 0.100 0.140
0.025 0.028 0.033

0.035 0.050 0.060
0.025 0.035 0.040

0.035 0.040 0.050
All rights reserved.
Calculation of Normal Depth
Using the Manning Equation for Uniform Open Channel Flow - S.I. U

CHANNEL SHAPE
Rectangular
Input Information

INPUT INFO
Channel bottom slope, S = 0.000840 m/m
Volumetric Flow Rate, Q = 0.51 m3/s
Not Used for Rect.Channel 2.00
Normal Depth
Initial assumed value of

Normal Depth, yo = 1.00 m
(You must enter an initial value to start the iteration.)
RESULTS
RESULTS Normal Depth, yo = 0.46 m
(This value comes from the automated iterative

calculation carried out below on this worksheet.)
Difference from Target Value
for last iteration: 0.00
Cross-Sect. Area, A = 0.56 m2
Average Velocity, V = 0.91 m/s




The source for the inform
on of Normal Depth Standard Handbook for Civil
or Uniform Open Channel Flow - S.I. Units
Values of the Roughness Co
A. Open-Channel Flow i
B. Lined Channels
Preliminary Calculation
Qn/(1.00*S1/2) = 0.228
Note that the Manning equation can be

rearranged to:
Qn/(1.00*S1/2) = A*R2/3
C. Unlined Channels
The automated iterative calculation below converges
well unless the initial assumed value of y o is too much
greater than the correct value. If cell D41 shows the
the message: #NUM, you need to change the value
in cell D38 to a smaller value,
Copyright © McGraw-Hill Global Ed
***************** ********************************** WORKSPACE ************************
n channel flow calculations, see:
ressible Flow in Pipes and Channels
d..1.3.15 Open-Channel Flow Automated Iterative C
yo ,m
tion for Open Channels 1.00
0.10
These Calculations 0.20
0.33
0.45
0.46
0.46
rea; P = wetted perimeter) 0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
slope (H:V = z:1) 0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
Table 21-11. Values of the Roughness Coefficient, n, for use in the Manning Equation
lues of the Roughness Coefficient n for Use in the Manning Equation

Min Avg Max
1. Corrugated-metal storm drain 0.021 0.024 0.03

2. Cement-mortar surface 0.011 0.013 0.015
a. Steel form 0.012 0.013 0.014
b. Smooth wood form 0.012 0.014 0.016
c. Rough wood form 0.015 0.017 0.02
B. Lined Channels
1. Metal
a. Smooth steel (unpainted) 0.011 0.012 0.014
b. Corrugated 0.021 0.025 0.03
2. Wood
a. Planed, untreated 0.010 0.012 0.014
a. Float finish 0.13 0.015 0.016
b. Gunite, good section 0.016 0.019 0.023
c. Gunite, wavy section 0.018 0.022 0.025
4. Masonry
a. Cemented rubble 0.017 0.025 0.03
b. Dry rubble 0.023 0.032 0.035
5. Asphalt
a. Smooth 0.013 0.013
b. Rough 0.016 0.016
C. Unlined Channels
a. Clean, after weathering 0.018 0.022 0.025
b. With short grass, few weeds 0.022 0.027 0.033
c. Dense weeds, as high as flow depth 0.050 0.080 0.120
d. Dense brush, high stage 0.080 0.100 0.140
2. Dredged earth
a. No vegetation 0.025 0.028 0.033
b. Light brush on banks 0.035 0.050 0.060
3. Rock cuts
a. Smooth and uniform 0.025 0.035 0.040
b. Jagged and irregular 0.035 0.040 0.050
right © McGraw-Hill Global Education Holdings, LLC. All rights reserved.
ORKSPACE *************************************************************************************************************************
Automated Iterative Calculation of Normal Depth
Difference from
A*R 2/3
Target Value
0.64 0.41
0.03 -0.20
0.07 -0.16
0.15 -0.08
0.23 0.00
0.23 0.00
0.23 0.00
0.23 0.00
0.23 0.00
0.23 0.00
0.23 0.00
0.23 0.00 Rectangular
0.23 0.00 Trapezoidal
0.23 0.00 Triangular
0.23 0.00
0.23 0.00
0.23 0.00
0.23 0.00
0.23 0.00
0.23 0.00
0.23 0.00
0.23 0.00
0.23 0.00
0.23 0.00
0.23 0.00
0.23 0.00
0.23 0.00
0.23 0.00
0.23 0.00
0.23 0.00
0.23 0.00
0.23 0.00
0.23 0.00
0.23 0.00
0.23 0.00
0.23 0.00
0.23 0.00
0.23 0.00
0.23 0.00
0.23 0.00
0.23 0.00
0.23 0.00
0.23 0.00
0.23 0.00
********************************** WORKSPACE *******************************************************************************************
******************************************************************
Calculation of Required Channel Bottom Slope
Using the Manning Equation for Uniform Open Channel Flow - S.I.

CHANNEL SHAPE
Rectangular
Input Information

INPUT INFO
Depth of flow, y = 0.60 m
Not Used for Rect.Channel 2.00
Required Channel Bottom Slope

RESULTS
Required channel
0.000449 m/m
RESULTS




********************************** WORKSPACE *******************************************************************************************

Rectangular
Trapezoidal
Triangular
The source for the information in the t
equired Channel Bottom Slope Standard Handbook for Civil Engineers, 21.
for Uniform Open Channel Flow - S.I. Units Table 21-11. Values of the
Values of the Roughness Coefficient n
A. Open-Channel Flow in closed con
1. Corrugated-metal storm dra

oice below: 2. Cement-mortar surface
B. Lined Channels
1. Metal
2. Wood
Cross-Sect. Area, A = 0.720 m2 4. Masonry
Wetted Perimeter, P = 2.40 m

5. Asphalt
Hydraulic Radius, R = 0.30 m
C. Unlined Channels
1. Excavated earth, straight &
2. Dredged earth
3. Rock cuts
en channel flow calculations, see: Copyright © McGraw-Hill Global Education Hold
pressible Flow in Pipes and Channels
Ed..1.3.15 Open-Channel Flow
uation for Open Channels
for These Calculations
l area; P = wetted perimeter)
+ 2y(1+z2)1/2
de slope (H:V = z:1)
*********************************************************************************************
rce for the information in the table below is:
d Handbook for Civil Engineers, 21.6.4 Manning Equation for Open Channels
e Roughness Coefficient n for Use in the Manning Equation

Min Avg Max
en-Channel Flow in closed conduits

a. Steel form 0.012 0.013 0.014

b. Corrugated 0.021 0.025 0.03

a. Float finish 0.13 0.015 0.016
4. Masonry
b. Dry rubble 0.023 0.032 0.035
5. Asphalt
a. Smooth 0.013 0.013
b. Rough 0.016 0.016
ed Channels
2. Dredged earth
a. No vegetation 0.025 0.028 0.033
3. Rock cuts
Graw-Hill Global Education Holdings, LLC. All rights reserved.

Calculation of Manning Roughness Coefficient
Using the Manning Equation for Uniform Open Channel Flow - S.I. Units

CHANNEL SHAPE
Rectangular
Input Information
Channel Bottom Slope, S =
INPUT INFO
0.000300
Volumetric Flow Rate, Q = 0.56 m3/s Cross-Sect. Area, A =
Depth of flow, y = 0.60 m Wetted Perimeter, P =
Not Used for Rect.Channel 2.00 Hydraulic Radius, R =
Manning Roughness Coefficient

RESULTS





********************************** WORKSPACE *******************************************************************************************

Rectangular
Trapezoidal
Triangular
oefficient Standard Handbook for Civil Engineers, 21.6.4 Manning Equation for Open Chan
annel Flow - S.I. Units Table 21-11. Values of the Roughness Coefficient, n, for use in the
Values of the Roughness Coefficient n for Use in the Manning Equati

a. Steel form
b. Smooth wood form
c. Rough wood form
B. Lined Channels
1. Metal
a. Smooth steel (unpainted)
b. Corrugated
2. Wood
reliminary Calculations a. Planed, untreated
a. Float finish
0.720 m2 b. Gunite, good section
c. Gunite, wavy section
2.40 m 4. Masonry
a. Cemented rubble
0.30 m b. Dry rubble
5. Asphalt
a. Smooth
b. Rough
C. Unlined Channels
a. Clean, after weathering
b. With short grass, few weeds
c. Dense weeds, as high as flow depth
d. Dense brush, high stage
2. Dredged earth
a. No vegetation
b. Light brush on banks
3. Rock cuts
a. Smooth and uniform
b. Jagged and irregular
w calculations, see:
n Pipes and Channels Copyright © McGraw-Hill Global Education Holdings, LLC. All rights reserved.
d perimeter)
***************************************************************************
ning Equation for Open Channels
Coefficient, n, for use in the Manning Equation
in the Manning Equation

Min Avg Max
0.021 0.024 0.03

0.011 0.013 0.015
0.012 0.013 0.014

0.012 0.014 0.016
0.015 0.017 0.02
0.011 0.012 0.014

0.021 0.025 0.03
0.010 0.012 0.014
0.13 0.015 0.016

0.016 0.019 0.023
0.018 0.022 0.025
0.017 0.025 0.03

0.023 0.032 0.035
0.013 0.013
0.016 0.016
0.018 0.022 0.025

0.022 0.027 0.033
0.050 0.080 0.120
0.080 0.100 0.140
0.025 0.028 0.033

0.035 0.050 0.060
0.025 0.035 0.040
0.035 0.040 0.050
C. All rights reserved.

Calculation of Channel Width
Using the Manning Equation for Uniform Open Channel Flow - S.I. Uni

CHANNEL SHAPE
Rectangular
Input Information
Preliminary Calculation
INPUT INFO
Channel bottom slope, S = 0.000840 m/m Qn/(1.00*S1/2) =

Note that the Manning equation can b
Not Used for Rect.Channel 2.00 rearranged to:
Depth of flow, y = 0.45 m Qn/(1.00*S1/2) = A*R2/3
Channel Width If the difference shown in cell

at least one decimal place acc
Initial assumed value of replace the assumed width in c
Channel Width, b = 2.00 m closer to that in cell D41.
RESULTS
(You must enter an initial value to start the iteration.)

The automated iterative calcul
Channel width, b = 1.23 m converges well unless the init
(This value comes from the automated iterative value of b is too far from the c
RESULTS calculation carried out below on this worksheet.) If there is an error message in
change the value in cell D38 to
Difference from Target Value if it is too large or to a larger v
for last iteration: 0.00
Also, for a trapezoidal channe
Cross-Sect. Area, A = 0.55 m 2
may be too large even for b =
and side slopes. In that case
Average Velocity, V = 0.91 ft/sec specified depth of flow until y




Rectangular Automated Iterative Calculation of Channel Width
Trapezoidal
Difference from
b ,ft A*R2/3 Target Value
2.00 0.41 0.19
1.16 0.21 -0.02
1.23 0.22 0.00
1.23 0.22 0.00
1.23 0.22 0.00
1.23 0.22 0.00
1.23 0.22 0.00
1.23 0.22 0.00
1.23 0.22 0.00
1.23 0.22 0.00
1.23 0.22 0.00
1.23 0.22 0.00
1.23 0.22 0.00
1.23 0.22 0.00
1.23 0.22 0.00
1.23 0.22 0.00
1.23 0.22 0.00
1.23 0.22 0.00
1.23 0.22 0.00
1.23 0.22 0.00
1.23 0.22 0.00
1.23 0.22 0.00
1.23 0.22 0.00
1.23 0.22 0.00
1.23 0.22 0.00
1.23 0.22 0.00
1.23 0.22 0.00
1.23 0.22 0.00
1.23 0.22 0.00
1.23 0.22 0.00
1.23 0.22 0.00
1.23 0.22 0.00
1.23 0.22 0.00
1.23 0.22 0.00
1.23 0.22 0.00
1.23 0.22 0.00
1.23 0.22 0.00
1.23 0.22 0.00
1.23 0.22 0.00
1.23 0.22 0.00
1.23 0.22 0.00
1.23 0.22 0.00
1.23 0.22 0.00
1.23 0.22 0.00
1.23 0.22 0.00
1.23 0.22 0.00
1.23 0.22 0.00
1.23 0.22 0.00
1.23 0.22 0.00
1.23 0.22 0.00
1.23 0.22 0.00
Standard Handbook for Civil Engineers, 21.6.4 Manning Equation for Op
annel Flow - S.I. Units Table 21-11. Values of the Roughness Coefficient, n, for
Values of the Roughness Coefficient n for Use in the Mannin

B. Lined Channels
1. Metal
reliminary Calculation 2. Wood
0.224
the Manning equation can be 4. Masonry
Qn/(1.00*S1/2) = A*R2/3 5. Asphalt
C. Unlined Channels
erence shown in cell E46 is not zero to 1. Excavated earth, straight & uniform
one decimal place accuracy, you should
he assumed width in cell D38 with a value
that in cell D41.
mated iterative calculation below 2. Dredged earth

es well unless the initial assumed
b is too far from the correct value.
s an error message in cell D41 you need 3. Rock cuts
he value in cell D38 to a smaller value
o large or to a larger value if it is too small.
r a trapezoidal channel, the specified depth of flow

too large even for b = 0 with the specified flow rate.
e slopes. In that case you will need to reduce the
d depth of flow until you get a solution.
Copyright © McGraw-Hill Global Education Holdings, LLC. All rights res
d Channels
of Channel Width
urce for the information in the table below is:
ard Handbook for Civil Engineers, 21.6.4 Manning Equation for Open Channels
f the Roughness Coefficient n for Use in the Manning Equation

Min Avg Max
pen-Channel Flow in closed conduits

a. Steel form 0.012 0.013 0.014
d Channels

b. Corrugated 0.021 0.025 0.03

a. Float finish 0.13 0.015 0.016
4. Masonry
b. Dry rubble 0.023 0.032 0.035
5. Asphalt
a. Smooth 0.013 0.013
b. Rough 0.016 0.016
ned Channels
2. Dredged earth
a. No vegetation 0.025 0.028 0.033
3. Rock cuts
McGraw-Hill Global Education Holdings, LLC. All rights reserved.

********************************** WORKSPACE *******************************************************************************************
******************************************************************

Open Channel Flow Calculations With The Manning Equation - S.I. Units

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Open Channel Flow Calculations with the Manning Equation - S.

Click on tabs at the bottom of the screen to access the following:

Tab 1. Contents (current tab)

Tab 2. Calculation of Flow Rate and Velocity

Tab 3. Calculation of Normal Depth

Tab 4. Calculation of Required Slope

Tab 5. Calculation of Manning Roughness Coefficient

Tab 6. Calculation of Channel Width

Copyright © McGraw-Hill Global Education Holdings, LLC. All rights reserved.

Enter values in yellow cells only.

Channel Cross-Sectional Shape - Click on choice below:

Channel Bottom Slope, S = 0.000300 m/m Cross-Sect. Area, A =

Depth of flow, y = 0.60 m Wetted Perimeter, P =

Side Slope (H:V = z:1), Z = 2.00 Hydraulic Radius, R =

Bottom width, b = 1.20 m

Discharge and Velocity

Discharge thru channel, Q = 1.17 m3/s

Average Velocity, V = 0.81 m/s

Hydraulic Design Handbook, 3.4 Uniform Flow

Equations Used for These Calculations

the Manning equation: Q = (1.00/n)(A)(R2/3)(S1/2)

Hydraulic Radius: R = A/P (A = cross-sectional area; P = wetted perimeter)

Rectangular channel: A = by and P = b + 2y

Triangular Channel: A = zy2 and P = 2[y2(1 + z2)]1/2

Trapezoidal Channel: A = by + zy2 and P = b + 2y(1+z2)1/2

********************************** WORKSPACE ***************************************************************************************************

Values of the Roughness Coefficient n for Use in the Manning Equ

A. Open-Channel Flow in closed conduits

1. Corrugated-metal storm drain

cient, n, for use in the Manning Equation

0.021 0.024 0.03

0.012 0.013 0.014

0.011 0.012 0.014

0.010 0.012 0.014

0.13 0.015 0.016

0.017 0.025 0.03

0.018 0.022 0.025

0.025 0.028 0.033

0.025 0.035 0.040

Enter values in yellow cells only.

Channel Cross-Sectional Shape - Click on choice below:

Manning roughness, n = 0.013

Channel bottom slope, S = 0.000840 m/m

Volumetric Flow Rate, Q = 0.51 m3/s

Not Used for Rect.Channel 2.00

Bottom width, b = 1.22 m

Initial assumed value of

(This value comes from the automated iterative

Difference from Target Value

for last iteration: 0.00

Cross-Sect. Area, A = 0.56 m2

Average Velocity, V = 0.91 m/s

References and Equations

Hydraulic Design Handbook, 3.4 Uniform Flow

Equations Used for These Calculations

the Manning equation: Q = (1.00/n)(A)(R2/3)(S1/2)

Hydraulic Radius: R = A/P (A = cross-sectional area; P = wetted perimeter)

Rectangular channel: A = by and P = b + 2y

Triangular Channel: A = zy2 and P = 2[y2(1 + z2)]1/2

Trapezoidal Channel: A = by + zy2 and P = b + 2y(1+z2)1/2

on of Normal Depth Standard Handbook for Civil

or Uniform Open Channel Flow - S.I. Units

Values of the Roughness Co

WORKSPACE *****************************************************************

* WORKSPACE ******

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WORKSPACE *********************************************************