UCSP

1st Grading-Module 4
Title: Human origin and Social
Evolution

1
Understanding Culture Society and Politics – Grade 11/12
Quarter 1 – Module 4

Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any
work of the Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the government
agency or office wherein the work is created shall be necessary for exploitation of such
work for profit. Such agency or office may, among other things, impose as a condition
the payment of royalties.

Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand names,
trademarks, etc.) included in this book are owned by their respective copyright holders.
Every effort has been exerted to locate and seek permission to use these materials
from their respective copyright owners. The publisher and authors do not represent
nor claim ownership over them.

Schools Division Superintendent: Mariano B. De Guzman, CESO VI

Assistant Schools Division Superintendent: Sueno S. Luzada Jr

Development Team of the Module

Writer: JUDY MONTAS

(Concepcion Pequeṅa. National High School)

Evaluator: HONESTO PESIMO

Education Program Supervisor, SDO Naga City

Evaluator: JARME D. TAUMATORGO

Education Program Supervisor, SDO Naga City

2
 TABLE OF CONTENT

MODULE 1: ___________________________________

Introduction ………………………………….….……. 4
Objectives……………………………………….….… 4
Pre-test ………………………………………….….....5 .
Lesson activity ……………………….................
Activity 1………………………………………….…….6
Activity 2 ……………………………………….………7
Analysis …………………..…………........................7
Abstraction …………………………………………….8
Application …………………………………………….11
Reflection…………………………………………..…..13
Enrichment…………………………………..……..….13
Post- Test ………………………………..…………….14
References……………………………………………..16

3
 1st Quarter
Human origin and Social Evolution
Module 4

INTRODUCTION

Have you ever wondered how the early human looks like?
What is their society looks like? It will really made you imagine a
lot. Human evolution is the process that led to the emergence of
modern humans from the history of primates to the present man
and with the process called evolution culture is also evolving.

In this module, you will understand the evolution of human

and the cultural evolution. All you have to do is to accomplish all
activities. Are you ready to start and discover knowledge? Let’s
start!

LEARNING COMPETENCY

Analyze the significance of cultural, social, political and economic symbols

and practices.

At the end of the module, you should be able to:

1. Understand the biological, cultural and socio-political process of human evolution.

2. identify the cultural evolution of early humans.

3. Make an outline about human evolution and its cultural contributions.

4
PRE-TEST

Read the statement below and choose the best answer.

1. It is the period were man uses stone tools and hunting and gathering are the main
activity.

A. New stone age

B. Old stone age
C. Agricultural age
D. Pastoral society

2. They were characterized as having a receding forehead and prominent brow

ridges that probably lived between 250,000 and 28,000 years ago in Europe and
some parts of Asia.

A. Homo sapiens
B. Neanderthal
C. Homo Erectus
D. Homo Heidelbergensis

3. This group consist of all modern and extinct Great Apes.

A. Hominid
B. Hominin
C. Homo erectus
D. Homo Sapiens

4. It is the period were human used polished stones, starts to domesticate plants and
animals having tier own settlements.

A. Paleolithic period
B. Neolithic period
C. Mesolithic period
D. Pre historic period

5. It is the high level of cultural and technological development of man.

A. Society
B. Community
C. Country
D. CivilizatioN

5
 LESSON PROPER

ACTIVITY 1

Look for the sociological and anthropological words in the puzzle.

A E R C I V I L I Z A T I O N E

G E N H O M O E R E C T U S R Y

N E A N D E R T H A L M A N E R

R E S T O N E T O O L S R E V O

N E O L I T H I C F R E E W E Y

P E O N O M A D I C P E R S O R

P A L E O L I T H I C P E R I O

A P O L I S H E D S T O N E T E

1. __________________________________________________
2. __________________________________________________
3. __________________________________________________
4. __________________________________________________
5. __________________________________________________
6. __________________________________________________
7. __________________________________________________
8. __________________________________________________

Congratulations!!!
You have search the words
in the puzzle.

6
 ACTIVITY 2

Look for the meaning of each word in the dictionary.

Sociological l/ Anthropological Terms Definition

ANALYSIS

Guide Questions:
1. How did you find the activity?
2. Was it easy for you to look for the terms and the
definitions?
3. Now that you know the definitions, what have
you realized about the topic today?

7
 ABSTRACTION

Anthropologist believed that human evolved and that we have our great
ancestral predecessors with the so-called primates. In the perspectives as to what is
the origin of man there are several theories that become the center of discourse.
Theories about the Origin of Man
1. Biblical – it states that man is created by God as stated in the bible under Book of
Genesis, which is the first book of the Bible, starts with the creation of the world.

Day one, night and day:

And God called the light Day, and the darkness he called Night. And the evening
and the morning were the first day.
Day Two, the sky and the sea: And God said, Let there be a firmament in the midst
of the waters, and let it divide the waters from the waters.
Day Three, land and vegetation:
And God said, Let the earth bring forth grass, the herb yielding seed, and the fruit
tree yielding fruit after his kind, whose seed is in itself, upon the earth: and it was so.
Day Four, the stars, the sun and the moon:
And God said, Let there be lights in the firmament of the heaven to divide the day
from the night; and let them be for signs, and for seasons, and for days, and years:
And God made two great lights; the greater light to rule the day, and the lesser light
to rule the night: he made the stars also.
Day Five, sea creatures and birds:
And God said, let the waters bring forth abundantly the moving creature that hath
life, and fowl that may fly above the earth in the open firmament of heaven.
Day Six, animals and humans:
And God said, let the earth bring forth the living creature after his kind, cattle, and
creeping thing, and beast of the earth after his kind: and it was so. And God made
the beast of the earth after his kind, and cattle after their kind, and everything that
creped upon the earth after his kind: and God saw that it was good. And God said,
Let us make man in our image, after our likeness: and let them have dominion over
the fish of the sea, and over the fowl of the air, and over the cattle, and over all the
earth, and over every creeping thing that creped upon the earth. So, God created
man in his own image.
Day Seven, rest:
And on the seventh day God ended his work which he had made; and he rested on
the seventh day from all his work which he had made.
8
2. The theory of evolution by natural selections was first formulated in Darwin's
book "On the Origin of Species" in 1859, is the process by which organisms change
over time as a result of changes in heritable physical or behavioral traits.

Difference between Hominid and Hominin

Hominid – the group consisting of all modern and extinct Great Apes (that is,
modern humans, chimpanzees, gorillas and orang-utans plus all their immediate
ancestors).
Hominin – the group consisting of modern humans, extinct human species and all
our immediate ancestors (including members of the genera Homo,
Australopithecus, Paranthropus and Ardipithecus).

Australopithecus afarensis and Lucy

In East Africa there is a site called Hadar, it is where they found this small female
remains only about 1.1 m tall—lived 3.2 million years ago and named it Lucy. It
could have used arboreal and bipedal locomotion it had a curve similar to that
found in the feet of modern humans probably live by a hunting and gathering.
Homo habilis, Homo erectus, and Homo Neanderthalensis
Homo is the genus (group of species) that includes modern humans, like us, and
our most closely related extinct ancestors. The famous paleoanthropologist named
Louis Leakey, along with his team, discovered Homo habilis (meaning handy man)
in 1964. Homo habilis was the most ancient species of Homo ever found. Homo
habilis appeared in Tanzania (East Africa) over 2.8 million years ago, and 1.5
million years ago became extinct. They were estimated to be about 1.40 meter tall
and were terrestrial. They were different from Australopithecus because of the form
of the skull.
In Asia, in 1891, Eugene Dubois a paleoanthropologist discovered the first fossil
of Homo erectus (meaning upright man), which appeared 1.8 million years ago.
This fossil received several names. The best known are Pithecanthropus (ape-
man) and Sinanthropus (Chinese-man). Homo erectus appeared in East Africa and
migrated to Asia.
The best known one is Homo Neanderthalensis usually called Neanderthals and
they were known as the European branch originating from two lineages that
diverged around 400,000 years ago, with the second lineage Homo sapiens.
Neanderthals used many of the natural resources in their environment: animals,
plants, and minerals. Homo neanderthalensis hunted terrestrial and marine
animals that needs a variety of weapons.
Denisovans are a recent addition to the human tree. In 2010, the first specimen
was discovered in the Denisova cave in south-western Siberia
9
Homo sapiens
Fossils recently discovered in Morocco they originated 315,000 years ago. The
location of these fossils could mean that Homo sapiens had visited the whole
of Africa. In the same way, the scattering of fossils out of Africa indicated their
migrations to various continents.
Several thousand years ago H. sapiens already made art, like for example the
wall painting in the Chauvet cave (36,000 years ago) and the Lascaux cave
(19,000 years ago), both in France. The quality of the paintings shows great
artistic ability and intellectual development.

How culture evolve

Divided into three periods: Paleolithic (or Old Stone Age), Mesolithic (or Middle
Stone Age), and Neolithic (or New Stone Age), this era is marked by the use of
tools by our early human ancestors who evolved around 300,000 B.C. and the
eventual transformation from a culture of hunting and gathering to farming and
food production. During this era, early humans shared the planet with a number
of now-extinct hominin relatives, including Neanderthals and Denisovans.
In the Paleolithic period (roughly 2.5 million years ago to 10,000 B.C.), early
humans lived in caves or simple huts and were hunters and gatherers. They
used basic stone and bone tools, as well as crude stone axes, for hunting birds
and wild animals. They cooked their prey, they also fished and collected berries,
fruit and nuts.
During the Mesolithic period (about 10,000 B.C. to 8,000 B.C.), humans used
small stone tools, now also polished and sometimes crafted with points and
attached to antlers, bone or wood to serve as spears and arrows. They often
lived nomadically in camps near rivers and other bodies of water. Agriculture
was introduced during this time, which led to more permanent settlements in
villages.
Finally, during the Neolithic period (roughly 8,000 B.C. to 3,000 B.C.), ancient
humans switched from hunter/gatherer mode to agriculture and food production.
They domesticated animals and cultivated cereal grains. They used polished
hand axes, adzes for ploughing and tilling the land and started to settle in the
plains. Advancements were made not only in tools but also in farming, home
construction and art, including pottery, sewing and weaving.

10
 The ruins found in Mesopotamia tell us early humans lived in populated
villages. Due to the start of agriculture, most wandering hunter-gatherers
became sedentary farmers. The first animals and crops were traded and written
records were kept of these trades in a Clay Fine-grained earth that can be
moulded when wet and that is dried and baked to make pottery, tokens were
the first money for these transactions. The Neolithic Period saw the creation of
commerce, money, mathematics, and writing in Sumer, a region of
Mesopotamia. The birth of writing started the period that we call “history,” in
which events are written down and details of big events as well as daily life can
easily be passed on. This tremendous change in human lifestyle can be called
the Neolithic Revolution.

APPLICATION

Complete the outline about human evolution and its

cultural contributions.

Periods People Cultural, social,

political and
economic
symbols and
practices

11
 Periods People Cultural, social, political
and economic symbols
and practices

Did you enjoy doing the

outline? Now you are ready
to reflect about your
learning today. Answer the
questions below.

12
REFLECTION

Questions:
1. What concept have you learned from this module?
2. What have you discovered about yourself in
In relation with this module?

ENRICHMENT

List down the different contributions of the different periods of Civilization

following the format.

Paleolithic period Mesolithic period Neolithic Period

13
 POST TEST

Read the statement below and choose the best answer.

1. It is the period were man uses stone tools and hunting and gathering are the main
activity.
A. New stone age
B. Old stone age
C. Agricultural age
D. Pastoral society

2. They were characterized as having a receding forehead and prominent brow

ridges that probably lived between 250,000 and 28,000 years ago in Europe and
some parts of Asia.

A. Homo sapiens
B. Neanderthal
C. Homo Erectus
D. Homo Heidelbergensis

3. This group consist of all modern and extinct Great Apes.

A. Hominid
B. Hominin
C. Homo erectus
D. Homo Sapiens

4. It is the period were human used polished stones, starts to domesticate plants and
animals having tier own settlements.

A. Paleolithic period
B. Neolithic period
C. Mesolithic period
D. Pre historic period

5. It is the high level of cultural and technological development of man.

A. Society
B. Community
C. Country
D. Civilization

14
6. In Hadar they found this small female remains only about 1.1 m tall—lived 3.2
million years ago probably live by a hunting and gathering.
A. Homo habilis
B. Homo Neanderthalensis
C. Denisovans
D. Australopithecus afarensis

7. It is the genus (group of species) that includes modern humans, like us, and our
most closely related extinct ancestors.
A. Homo habilis
B. Homo Neanderthalensis
C. Denisovans
D. Homo

8. What is Homo Habilis?

A. Handy Man
B. Erect Man
C. Upright Man
D. Chinese man

9. In Asia, in 1891, _____ a paleoanthropologist discovered the first fossil of Homo

erectus (meaning upright man), which appeared 1.8 million years ago.

A. Eugene Dubois
B. Otley Beyer
C. Mary Leakey
D. Charles Darwin

10. The Neolithic Period saw the creation of commerce, money, mathematics, and
writing in ______, a region of Mesopotamia.

A. Tibet
B. Sumer
C. Egypt
D. Assyria

VOCABULARY

Hominid – the group consisting of all modern and extinct Great Apes (that is,
modern humans, chimpanzees, gorillas and orang-utans plus all their immediate
ancestors).

15
 Hominin – the group consisting of modern humans, extinct human species
and all our immediate ancestors (including members of the genera Homo,
Australopithecus, Paranthropus and Ardipithecus).

KEY TO CORRECTION

Pre-Test
1. B
2. B
3. A
4. B
5. D
Post-Test
1. B
2. B
3. A
4. B
5. D
6. D
7. D
8. A
9. A
10. B

REFERENCES

Lesley, Kennedy, The Prehistoric Ages: How Humans Lived Before Written Records
https://www.history.com/news/prehistoric-ages-timeline
Faena Aleph, 7 days of Creation https://www.faena.com/aleph/articles/7-days-of-
creation-and-their-most-beautiful-illustrations/
Teacher. "Designed by macrovector / Freepik"
<a href="http://www.freepik.com">Designed by macrovector / Freepik</a>

16
17