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LINEAR INEQUALITIES
PROCEDURE
A. READINGS
Ax + By > C, Ax + By < C, Ax + By ≤ C
where A, B, C are real numbers and A and B are both not equal to 0
3x – y > -2 x< 2 x + 2y ≤ -3
The solutions of linear equation in x and y can be expressed in ordered pairs (x,y). As with linear
equations, solutioin of linear inequalities can be also expressed in ordered pairs. An ordered pair (x,y)
is a solution of an inequality in x and y if a true statement results when the variable in the inequality is
resplaced by the coordinates of the ordered pair.
Example 1:
Determine whether each ordered pair is a solution of 2x + 3y ≤ 6
Solution:
a. (-2, 1) 2x + 3y ≤ 6
2(-2) + 3(1) ≤ 6
-4 + 3 ≤ 6
-1 ≤6
Since -1 ≤ 6, true (-2, 1) is a solution of 2x + 3y ≤ 6
b. (2, 1) 2x + 3y ≤ 6
2(2) + 3(1) ≤ 6
4 +3 ≤6
7 ≤6
Since 7 ≤ 6, false (2, 1) is a solution of 2x + 3y ≤ 6
c. (3, -1) 2x + 3y ≤ 6
2(3) + 3(-1) ≤ 6
6 + -3 ≤ 6
3 ≤6
Since 3 ≤ 6, True (3, -1) is a solution of 2x + 3y ≤ 6
1. Graph the related linear equation. The related equation has an equal sign in place of the
inequality symbol. If the inequality symbol is ≤ or ≥, then draw the solid line. If the inequality
symbol is < or >, then draw a dash line.
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2. Choose an ordered pair on one side of the boundary line (line of the equation) and test this
ordered pair in the inequality. If the ordered pair satisfied the inequality, then shade the region
that contains it. If the ordered pair does not satisfied the inequality, then shade the region on
the other side of the boundary line.
2
a. x + y < 3 b. y + 2x ≥ 4 c. y ≥ x+3
5
Solution:
a. x + y < 3
x y (x.y)
0 3 (0,3)
3 0 (3.0)
1 2 (1,2) x+y<3
x+y<3
We use a dash line to show that the points on the line are not solutions of x + y < 3. The
solutions of x + y < 3 must lie on one side of the boundary line. We test a point that is not on
the line such as (0,0)
x+y<3 0 +0<3
0 < 3 True
Because 0 < 3 is true, half-plane containing (0,0) is the graph of the solutioin. Shade this part to
show that every point in this half-plane is a solution as shown in Figure.
FIGURE 2
b. y + 2x ≥ 4 y + 2x ≥ 4
x y (x.y)
0 4 (0,4)
2 0 (2.0)
1 2 (1,2)
y + 2x ≥ 4
y + 2x ≥ 4
0 + 2(0) ≥ 4
0 ≥4 False because 0 ≥ 4, the half-plane does not contain the origin so it
should be shaded as figures 2
2
c. y ≥ 5 x + 3
2 2 2 2
Since y ≥ x + 3 means y = x + 3 or y > x + 3, we begin by graphing the equation y = x
5 5 5 5
+ 3 as shown in figure 5.3. Two ordered pair that satisfy the equation.
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2
y= x + 3 are (0,3) and (5,5)
5
2
y= x+3
5
x y (x.y)
2 2
0 3 (0,3) y≥ x+ y≥ x+
5 5
5 5 (5.5)
-5 1 (-5,1)
Because the inequality symbol used is greater than or equal to, we draw a solid line to indicate
that the ordered pairs along the boundary line are part of the solutions.
Note: The inequality is in the form y ≥ mx + b.
We shade the region above the boundary line as shown in figure
1. A __________ in x and y is an inequality that can be written in one of the following form:
Ax +By>C, Ax +By <C, Ax +By ≥C, Ax +By <≤C, where A, B, C are real number and A and
B are both not equal to zero.
C. ASSESSMENT/APPLICATION
DIRECTIONS:
1. x – 3y ≤ -6 a. (4,5) b. (-1,-2)
2. 4x + y > 2 a. (-2,5) b. (3,-7)
3. 5x + 2y ≥ 11 a. (1,2) b. (2,1)
4. 2x – 2y ≤ 6 a. (3,4) b. (4,0)
5. x – 6y < 12 a. (7,-1) b. (-1,-2)
II. Shade the appropriate half-plane to complete the graph of the inequality.
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1. y > 3 ( sample answer) 2. 2y ≤ 3x
1. x + y ≥ -2 2. y < 3x
3. x ≥ -y + 3 4. y > -6
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