CHILDREN’S GRACE OF MARY TUTORIAL AND LEARNING CENTER, INC.

DUMADAG SUBDIVISION, NEW CARMEN, TACURONG CITY

CONTACT NUMBER: 0977-804-5567

MATHEMATICS
Module 10

CHILDREN’S GRACE OF MARY TUTORIAL AND LEARNING CENTER, INC.

 DUMADAG SUBDIVISION, NEW CARMEN, TACURONG CITY
CONTACT NUMBER: 0977-804-5567

MATHEMATICS

Name: _______________________________________________________ Score: __________

MODULE: 10

LESSON 1: Solving Systems of Linear Inequalities

Lesson Objectives

At the end of this lesson, the student will be able to:

a.) illustrate the linear inequalities in two variables;

b.) differentiate linear inequalities in two variables from linear equations in two variables;
c.) graph linear inequalities in two variables; and
d.) solve problems involving linear inequalities and system of linear inequalities in two variables.

What you need to know.

Definition:

A linear inequality in x and y can be written in one of the following forms:

Ax + By ¿ C , Ax + By ¿ C , Ax + By ≥ C , or Ax + By ≤ C
where A, B, and C are real numbers and A and B are both not equal to 0.

Example

Determine whether each ordered pair is a solution of 2x + 3y ≤ 6.

a. (-2, 1)

Solution:
2x + 3y ≤ 6 Original inequality
2(-2) + 3(1) ≤ 6 Replace x with -2 and y with 1.
-4 + 3 ≤ 6 Simplify.
-1≤6 Add.

Since -1 ≤ 6 is true, (-2, 1) is a solution of 2x + 3y ≤ 6.

b. (1, 2)

Solution:
2x + 3y ≤ 6 Original inequality
2(1) + 3(2) ≤ 6 Replace x with -2 and y with 1.
2+6≤6 Simplify.
8≤6 Add.

Since 8 ≤ 6 is false, (1, 2) is not a solution of 2x + 3y ≤ 6

Graph of Linear Inequality

 2
The graph of y = x + 3 is a line consisting of points which coordinates satisfy the equation. The graph of
5
2
inequality y≥ x + 3 is not a line but an area on the plane bounded by a line called a half-plane. The half-plane consists
5
of points which coordinates satisfy the inequality.

Procedure in Graphing a Linear Inequality

1. Graph the related linear equation. The related equation has an equal sign in place of the inequality symbol. If the
inequality symbol is ≤∨≥ , then draw a solid line. If the inequality symbol is ¿∨¿, then draw a dash line.

2. Choose an ordered pair on one side of the boundary line (line of the equation) and test this ordered pair in the
inequality. If the ordered pair satisfies the inequality, then shade the region that contains it. If the ordered pair
does not satisfy the inequality, then shade the region on the other side of the boundary line.

Example:
Graph the following inequalities:

1. x + y ¿ 3

Solution: We graph the boundary line x + y = 3 using any method learned as shown in Figure 4.1.

We use a dash line to show that the points on the line are not solutions of x + y ¿ 3. The solutions
of x + y ¿ 3 must lie on one side of the boundary line. We test a point that is not on the line such as (0, 0).

x+y¿3
0+0¿3
0 ¿ 3 True

Because 0 ¿ 3 is true, the half-plane containing (0, 0) is the graph of the solution. Shade this part
to show that every point in this half-plane is a solution as shown in Figure 4.1.

2. y + 2x ≥ 4

Solution:

The boundary line is included

in the graph since the inequality symbol is greater than or equal to and
should be drawn as a solid line. Select a point in one of the half-planes and test it. Use the origin (0, 0) as a test
point.
y + 2x ≥ 4
0 + 2(0) ≥ 4
0 ≥ 4 False

Because 0 ≥ 4 is false, the half-plane does not contain the origin so it should be shaded as shown in Figure 4.2.

System of Linear Inequalities in Two Variables

 Systems of Linear Inequalities

A system of linear inequalities is a set of two or more inequalities considered simultaneously.

A solution of a system of linear inequalities is an ordered pair of numbers that satisfies each linear
inequality in the system.

Pocedure
Solving Systems of Linear Inequality

1. Graph each linear inequality in the system on the same coordinated plane.
2. Find the region where the graphs overlap.
3. Pick a test point in the given region to verify the solution.

Example:

Graph the system of linear inequalities.

a. x≤ 2
y¿1

Solution:

The graph of x≤ 2 is The graph of y ¿ 1 is Finally, the graph of

half-plane on and to half-plane above the the system is the
the left of the solid line dashed line y =1. intersection of the two
x = 2. half-planes.

See more examples on page 202- 203.

What I have learned.

Graph the system of linear inequalities. Use graphing paper.

a. x≤ 2 a. y¿3
y¿1 x ≤ -2
y¿x–1

What I can bring home.

Answer page 206, Practice and Application, Test IV (26 - 31).

LESSON 2: Relation and Function

Lesson Objectives
At the end of this lesson, the student will be able to

a. illustrate a relation and a function;

b. verify if a given relation is a function;
c. determine dependent and independent variables;
d. illustrate and graph a linear equation;
e. solve problems involving linear function; and
f. find the domain and range of a function.

What I know.

A supermarket holds a closing-out sale. All merchandise are sold at 30% discount. For the convenience of the
shoppers, the marketing supervisor considers a table of marked prices (₱x) and their corresponding selling price (₱y). A
portion of the table is given and he needs your help to complete it.

Marked Price (₱x) 50 100 150 200 250 300 350

Selling Price (₱y) 35

30% of ₱50.00 =₱15.00

₱50.00 - ₱15.00 = ₱35.00

1. Complete the given table above.

2. Represent each pair of values of x and y in the table as an ordered pair.

What you need to know.

Definition
A relation is a set of ordered pairs. The domain of a relation is the set of first coordinates. The range is the set
of second coordinates.
A function is a relation in which each element of the domain corresponds to exactly one element of the range.

Independent Variable – the input value in a function.

Dependent Variable - the output value in a function.

Example
Determine whether the following relations are function or not.

a. {(1, 4), (2, 5), (3, 6), (4, 7)}

Solution:
Each element in the domain {1, 2, 3, 4} is assigned no more than one value in the range; 1 is
assigned only to 4; 2 is assigned only to 5; 3 is assigned only to 6; and 4 is assigned only to 7. Therefore,
it is a function.

b. y² + 1 = x

Solution:
Solve for y:

y² + 1 = x
y² = x – 1
y = ± √ x−1
 This means that for every value of x, there corresponds two values for y. Therefore, y is not a function of
x.

Characteristics of a Function
1. Each element in domain X must be matched with exactly one element in range Y.
2. Some elements in Y may not be matched with any element in X.
3. Two or more elements in X may be matched with the same element in Y.

Example

Find the domain and range of each of the following.

a. Input 1 2 3
Output 2 4 6

Solution:
Domain: the elements in the input
Thus, the domain {1, 2, 3}.
Range: the elements in the output
Thus, the range is {2, 4, 6}.

b. {(4, 4), (6, 6), (10, 7)}

Answer:
Domain: the first coordinates
Thus, the domain is {4, 6, 7}
Range: the second coordinates
Thus, the range is {4, 6 , 7}.

See more examples on page 214-215.

What I have learned.

Determine whether or not each relation is a function.

1. {(3, 3), (5, 5), (9, 6)} 3. {(4, 1), (4, 2), (4, 3)}

2. {(2, 5), (2, 6), (4, 5), (4, 6)} 4. {(-8, -6), (-6, -4), (-4, -2), (-2, 0)}

What I can bring home.

Represent the functional relationships in each of the following by using (a) table and (b) ordered pairs.

1. The distance d traveled in h hrs at the rate of 80kph.