MATH 8 - 2nd Quarter - Module 1 - Week 1

MATHEMATICS 8
Module 1 : Week 1 : Second Quarter

INEQUALITIES IN TWO VARIABLES

Learning Competencies
a. Illustrate and graph linear inequalities in two variables.
b. Solve problems involving linear inequalities in two variables.
Code: M8AL-11a-2, M8AL-11a-4

Objectives
The learner should be able to (a) solve inequalities in one variable (b)
illustrate and graph linear inequalities in two variables and (c) solve problems
involving linear inequalities in two variables.

Let’s Recall (Inequalities in One Variable)

What is the longest reptile in the world that can be found in the Philippines?

___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ Phyton
5 1 4 8 6 9 2 3 4 1 7

Solve each inequality. Locate the answer below and write the letter of the
answer in the space above.

1. 2x > 6 A. x>1
2. -3x < - 15 C. x ≤ -2
3. x+1>2 D. x>2
4. x-5<3 E. x>3
5. 2x - 4 ≥8 I. x≤ 4
6. 3x - 5 ≤ - 11 L. x>5
7. 3x - 1 > 5 R. x≥6
8. 3x - 4 ≤ 8 T. x<8
9. 5x - 4 ≥ 4x + 6 U. x≥ 10

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 MATH 8 - 2nd Quarter - Module 1 - Week 1

Let’s Understand (Inequalities in Two Variables)

A Linear Inequality in Two Variables x and y is a mathematical sentence in

the form:
ax + by > c ax + by < c
ax + by ≥ c or ax + by ≤ c
where a, b and c are real numbers and a and b cannot be both equal to 0.

Remember!!!
The solution of linear inequality is a set of ordered pair (x, y) that satisfies the
given inequality.
Example 1:

Linear Inequalities Not Linear Inequalities

x>3 ; a = 1, b= 0, c= 3 x=4
2y < 5 ; a = 0, b = 2, c = 5 2y = 3
x+y>4 ; a = 1, b = 1, c = 4 x + 3y = 6
2x – y ≤ 3 ; a = 2, b = -1, c = 3 x2 – y < 4
2x + 3y ≥ 6 ; a = 2, b = 3, c = 6 y > x3 + 1

Example 2: Tell whether (1,5) is a solution of y> 4x -1.

Solution: y > 4x-1 Given

5 > 4(1) -1 Substitution
5 > 4-1 Simplify
5>3 True
Therefore, (1,5) is a solution of y > 4x -1.

Example 3: Which of the following is a solution of the linear inequality

2x + y > 4?
A. (1,4) B. (-2, 4) C. (3, -1)

To find the solution, let us substitute each ordered pair to 2x + y > 4

and check which one gives a true statement.

Solution:
A. Is (1, 4) a solution?
2x + y > 4 Given
2(1) + 4 > 4 Substitution
2+4>4 Simplify
6>4 True statement
Therefore, (1, 4) is a solution.

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 MATH 8 - 2nd Quarter - Module 1 - Week 1

B. Is (-2, 4) a solution?
2x + y > 4
2(-2) + 4 > 4
-4 + 4 > 4
0 > 4 (not true)
Therefore (-2, 4) is not a solution
C. Is (3, -1) a solution?
2x + y > 4
2(3) + -1 > 4
6 + -1 > 4
5 > 4 (true)
Therefore (3, -1) is a solution

Graph of Linear Inequalities

The graph of linear inequalities in two variables is a region or a half-plane
where all points of the half-plane are solution of the inequality.

Steps in graphing linear inequalities in two variables:

1. Change the linear inequality to linear equation by changing the symbol >, <,
≥, ≤ to =.

2. Arranged the linear equation in the form y= mx + b.

3. Graph the linear equation. Use broken line (dashed line) for > or < and solid
line (heavy line) for ≥ or ≤. This will serve as the boundary line. This line
separates the Cartesian plane into two half-plane or region.

4. Use a test point like (0,0) to determine the half-plane. Use the original linear
inequality.

5. Shade the half-plane or region that contains the solution.

Example 1: Graph x + y > 2

Step 1: x + y = 2
Step 2: y = -x + 2
x 0 2
Step 3: table of values
y 2 0
Step 4: Test for (0,0)
x + y> 2
0+0>2
0>2 (not true)

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 MATH 8 - 2nd Quarter - Module 1 - Week 1

Step 5:

Use broken line

Shade away from the point

(0,0) since the point (0,0) is not
part of the solution.

Therefore, any point that lies in the shaded part is a solution such as
(4,2), (0,6), and (3,1).

Example 2: Graph 2x + y ≤ 3
Step 1: 2x + y = 3
Step 2: y = -2x + 3
Step 3: x 0 2
y 3 -1

Use solid line.

Step 4: Test for (0,0)
2x + y ≤ 3
2(0) + 0 ≤ 3
0+0≤3
0 ≤ 3 (true)
Shade towards the point (0,0) since (0,0) is one of the solutions.
Step 5: Graph

Therefore, any points that lie in the shaded parts are solution of
2x + y ≤ 3 such as (-1, -1), (0,2), and (-2, 2).

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 MATH 8 - 2nd Quarter - Module 1 - Week 1

Let’s Apply (Exercises)

A. Which of the following is a linear inequality in two variables? Write YES or

NO.
1. x + 7 < 0

2. 2x2 – y <3

3. 5x ≥ y + 8

4. y ≤ 3x – 7

5. x + >9

6. +y≤7

7. >9

8. y> 5x + 4

9. x3 + 2x2 + 3x – 1> 0

10. 12x – 6y ≤ 3

B. Determine whether the given point is a solution of the given linear inequality
or not.
11. x > 4 ; (8, 0)

12. y < -2 ; (5, 9)

13. 2x ≥ 11 ; (-3, 1)

14. x + y < 2 ; (1,1)

15. x – y < 5 ; (-1, -2)

C. Graph each inequality.

16. y > 2x

17. x + y < 3

18. 3x – y< 1

19. 2x + 3y ≥ 6

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20. 5x -2y ≤ 1

Let’s Analyze (Enrichment Exercises)

WORD PROBLEMS: Read the problems. Write an inequality statement and

solve. Number 1 is done for you.

Example 1: Robert has P200 to spend on his school notebooks and pens. The cost
of the notebook is P35.00 each while a pen cost P10.00 each.
A. Write an inequality statement that describes the problem.
B. Find the possible number of notebooks and pen that he can buy.

Given: Let x be the number of notebooks

y be the number of pens

Solution: 35x + 10y ≤ 200

10 y ≤ -35x + 200
y≤
N
y≤ o.

of
Use solid line
p
e
Use a Test point (0,0) n
35x + 10y ≤ 200 s

35(0) + 10(0) ≤ 200

0 + 0 ≤ 200 No of notebook

0≤ 200 (true)
Shade towards the point (0,0)

Therefore, the possible number of notebooks and pens (no. of

notebook, no of pen) are as follows: (0,20), (4, 4) (2, 6) (5, 1) …

2. As an appliance saleslady, Tiffany earns a commission of P80.00 for each oven

she sells and a P 50.00 for each electric fan she sells. How many ovens and
electric fans must she sells to make P3000.00 or more in commissions?

3. Mark decides to wash cars to save money for his school uniform. He charged P75
for a small car and P110.00 for the big cars. How many cars did he have to wash
to earn at least P1500.00?

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 MATH 8 - 2nd Quarter - Module 1 - Week 1

Let’s Create

Directions: Create a story using the graph on the right side, then answer the
questions below.

m
a
n
g
o
e
s

6
0

p
e
r

k
i
l
Bananas (P40 per kilo))
o

Questions:
1. What did you feel while writing the story?

2. What variables did you use for the kilos of bananas and mangoes in the
graph?

3. What inequalities statement can you formed using the graph?

4. List three possible solutions of the graph and relate it to your story.

Let’s Try (Evaluation)

A. Multiple Choice: Read the statements carefully and encircle the correct
answer.
1. Which symbol is not used in inequalities?
A. > B. < C. = D. ≤

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 MATH 8 - 2nd Quarter - Module 1 - Week 1

2. Which of the following is a linear inequality?

A. x + y = 9 B. 2x – y > 7 C. x2 + y < 7 D. + ≤0

3. What is the value of b in the linear inequality 2x > 7?

A. 0 B. 1 C. 2 D. 7

4. Which of the following is a solution of x – 5y > 6?

A. (0, 1) B. (7, 1) C. (-10, -2) D. (20, 2)

5. Which of the following is NOT a solution of y < x + 1?

A. (5, 2) B. (-3, -4) C. (-1, -8) D. (3, 6)

B. Graph the following inequalities.

6. y > 3

7. x < 4

8. x + y < -2

9. 2x - y ≥ 0

10. 4x - y ≤ 3

C. Solve the problem.

Gizelle wants an exercise that will lose at least 400 calories. Aerobics burn 7
calories per minute and brisk walking burn 5 calories per minute. Is 30 minutes of
aerobics and 25 minutes of brisk walking enough?

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